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Difference between revisions of "Paulus Hector Mair"

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! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Julia Gräf]]</p>
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! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Julia Gräf]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
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! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
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! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
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! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}</p>
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! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}</p>
  
 
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'''And while many''' of the learned say that this art of the knightly sport, as other arts beside, must have come among men to influence[?] their appetites and pleasure, from above, i.e. from God and celestial influence of the stars, as is well believable. Besides this, some say that ''Pollux'', who was honoured by the Romans, was an instigator of this honourable art; others would attribute the honour of such invention to ''Mercury''. But both these statements must be found somewhat obscure and uninstructive from the fact that they do not explain what use or profit they would have made from this art, or which lords they took as their disciples that would have learned the art from them and in turn passed it on.
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'''And while many''' of the learned say that this art of the knightly sport, as other arts beside, must have come among men to influence[?] '''their appetites and pleasure, from above, i.e. from God and celestial influence of the stars, as is well believable. Besides this, some say that ''Pollux'', who was honoured by the Romans, was an instigator of this honourable art; others would attribute the honour of such invention to ''Mercury''. But both these statements must be found somewhat obscure and uninstructive from the fact that they do not explain what use or profit they would have made from this art, or which lords they took as their disciples that would have learned the art from them and in turn passed it on.
  
 
'''But the majority''' of the same historiographers state and testify that ''Probas'', the famous fencer and teacher of ''Theseus'', the king of Athens in Greece, in which realm the knightly art in the beginning and for a long time thereafter did much prosper, was the first inventor and establisher of this art.
 
'''But the majority''' of the same historiographers state and testify that ''Probas'', the famous fencer and teacher of ''Theseus'', the king of Athens in Greece, in which realm the knightly art in the beginning and for a long time thereafter did much prosper, was the first inventor and establisher of this art.
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Which instruction said king ''Theseus'' took to heart and in consideration of that this knightly art and exercise of fencing in times of peace may be an honourable and manly exercise for the young, but in times of distress and danger may serve and succeed towards the fatherland's honour, advantage and prosperity, he put belief in ''Probas'' and himself together with some of the most noble of his court, undertook it to learn this knightly art of fencing, to which end ''Probas'' was highly assiduous.
 
Which instruction said king ''Theseus'' took to heart and in consideration of that this knightly art and exercise of fencing in times of peace may be an honourable and manly exercise for the young, but in times of distress and danger may serve and succeed towards the fatherland's honour, advantage and prosperity, he put belief in ''Probas'' and himself together with some of the most noble of his court, undertook it to learn this knightly art of fencing, to which end ''Probas'' was highly assiduous.
  
And thus the honourable art of fencing prospered from the cause that each [practitioner] was found that much more competent and able to support the fatherland in its need. Said king ''Theseus'' did build, to considerable cost, many sumptuous houses dedicated for the exercise of this art, in Athens and elsewhere in his realm, which was the beginning of the general [systematic] tuition in fencing. These events under the reign of the Athenian king ''Theseus'', who according to the reckoning of the ''Urspergian''<ref name="Urspergensis">''Chronicon Abbatis Urspergensis'', the Chronicle of Burchard of Ursberg (13th century), printed in Augsburg 1515.</ref> reigned for thirty years, took place and occurred approximately in the year 1224 before the birth of our saviour Jesus Christ, and from this circumstance it follows that this art, which has been founded by kings, and by many of royal and noble kin and blood besides, which served to themselves as a noble exercise and towards honour, advantage and necessity for the fatherland, may well and truly be called a noble and knightly sport.
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And thus the honourable art of fencing prospered from the cause that each [practitioner] '''was found that much more competent and able to support the fatherland in its need. Said king ''Theseus'' did build, to considerable cost, many sumptuous houses dedicated for the exercise of this art, in Athens and elsewhere in his realm, which was the beginning of the general [systematic] '''tuition in fencing. These events under the reign of the Athenian king ''Theseus'', who according to the reckoning of the ''Urspergian''<ref name="Urspergensis">''Chronicon Abbatis Urspergensis'', the Chronicle of Burchard of Ursberg (13th century), printed in Augsburg 1515.</ref> reigned for thirty years, took place and occurred approximately in the year 1224 before the birth of our saviour Jesus Christ, and from this circumstance it follows that this art, which has been founded by kings, and by many of royal and noble kin and blood besides, which served to themselves as a noble exercise and towards honour, advantage and necessity for the fatherland, may well and truly be called a noble and knightly sport.
  
 
'''But what zeal''' and considerable cost was invested by the ancients in the knightly art of fencing, and in what earnest and honourable reputation its exercise was held, furthermore what high persons undertook to learn this art, and to what good consequence this art served in all lands and kingdoms, this I will also tell and describe.
 
'''But what zeal''' and considerable cost was invested by the ancients in the knightly art of fencing, and in what earnest and honourable reputation its exercise was held, furthermore what high persons undertook to learn this art, and to what good consequence this art served in all lands and kingdoms, this I will also tell and describe.
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'''So did also the learned''' philosophers write about this knightly art, and the same were not ashamed to learn its, and among them ''Pythagoras'', who was held a good fencer, was the foremost, as he did win the prize with his artful fencing at the celebration of the 48th ''Olympiad''. Likewise did do many other excellent philosophers, without necessarily naming them all. So does ''Marcus Tullius Cicero'', the Roman mayor and eventually administrator of the entire Roman empire write on the praise of fencing [T. q. folio.125.] I consider and trust entirely that nobody at all can be counted among the number of the learned orators who were not well versed and experienced in all arts that are knightly and even if we do not employ them in speaking, nor is it possible to discern this in us, if we are exercised in knightly sports, but the agility and the bearing of the body does concord and correspond with the agility of the voice, both in cheerful and in lamentable topics, such that it appears all the more agreeable to the listener. This is confirmed by the most learned orator ''Quintilianus'' who says that the persons who are given to praise and do not have contempt for the knightly sport of fencing and takes this as the cause that the same have great advantage and furtherance in the art of being well-spoken due to their agility ''Anacharsis''<ref name="Anacharsis">Anacharsis the Scythian, according to Herodotus (4.46, 76 f.) brother of the Scythian king Saulinos; attributed to him are inventions such as the anchor, bellows and pottery wheel. He was slain by his brother after he returned from a journey to Greece and began to advocate Greek culture to his countrymen. He is sometimes counted as one of the Seven Sages of Athens. Among a number of letters attributed to him is one addressed to the Lydian king Croesus.</ref> who lived at the time of king ''Croesus'' in Lydia, at the time when Rome had stood for 194 years, wrote that he did greatly marvel at how the Greeks were such stern judges while the fencers did bear themselves so heartily and well with[?] open spaces, houses, prizes, treasures and highest praise, as if he would say that the Greeks do well uphold the law and give to each man his due, to one his due praise and to the other his due punishment. Many more similar pronouncements furthering the honour of fencing could be mentioned, but as I feel that no amount would suffice for those who disparage this art, it should suffice for the present time.
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'''So did also the learned''' philosophers write about this knightly art, and the same were not ashamed to learn its, and among them ''Pythagoras'', who was held a good fencer, was the foremost, as he did win the prize with his artful fencing at the celebration of the 48th ''Olympiad''. Likewise did do many other excellent philosophers, without necessarily naming them all. So does ''Marcus Tullius Cicero'', the Roman mayor and eventually administrator of the entire Roman empire write on the praise of fencing [T. q. folio.125.] '''I consider and trust entirely that nobody at all can be counted among the number of the learned orators who were not well versed and experienced in all arts that are knightly and even if we do not employ them in speaking, nor is it possible to discern this in us, if we are exercised in knightly sports, but the agility and the bearing of the body does concord and correspond with the agility of the voice, both in cheerful and in lamentable topics, such that it appears all the more agreeable to the listener. This is confirmed by the most learned orator ''Quintilianus'' who says that the persons who are given to praise and do not have contempt for the knightly sport of fencing and takes this as the cause that the same have great advantage and furtherance in the art of being well-spoken due to their agility ''Anacharsis''<ref name="Anacharsis">Anacharsis the Scythian, according to Herodotus (4.46, 76 f.) brother of the Scythian king Saulinos; attributed to him are inventions such as the anchor, bellows and pottery wheel. He was slain by his brother after he returned from a journey to Greece and began to advocate Greek culture to his countrymen. He is sometimes counted as one of the Seven Sages of Athens. Among a number of letters attributed to him is one addressed to the Lydian king Croesus.</ref> who lived at the time of king ''Croesus'' in Lydia, at the time when Rome had stood for 194 years, wrote that he did greatly marvel at how the Greeks were such stern judges while the fencers did bear themselves so heartily and well with[?] '''open spaces, houses, prizes, treasures and highest praise, as if he would say that the Greeks do well uphold the law and give to each man his due, to one his due praise and to the other his due punishment. Many more similar pronouncements furthering the honour of fencing could be mentioned, but as I feel that no amount would suffice for those who disparage this art, it should suffice for the present time.
 
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'''Likewise did also''' the royal prophet ''David'' honourably defeat the great duellist and giant ''Goliath''. [Lib i. Regnum.] Also ''Ancheor'' not without extraordinary agility did lay low ''Turnus'' in a duel, and after the Albanians did set their ancestry, glory and reign against the Romans and three strong duellists of Albanian family known as the ''Cruciati'' were chosen to duel three Romans with the name of ''Horace'' the ''Horacii'' on the Roman side with extraordinary agility won the upper hand and slew the ''Cruciati'' and thus subjugating all of Italy. Likewise the German who challenged ''Valerius Corvinus'' to a duel was slain in a knightly deed. ''Manlius Torquatus'' also did kill a German prince in a duel and took off his neck-ring, by this winning great honour for himself and the name of Rome. I will be silent on the duels that were held everywhere in Germany from oldest times. In ancient German writings, kept in Schäbisch Hall, in Kochen[?] and in Würzburg, there are separate duelling rules and many duels were held there. Likewise in Munich on the Iser, Seitz von Althaim and Diepolt Gess in the year 1370 did hold a knightly duel on horseback, in which Seitz von Althaim gained a knightly victory. Likewise in the year 1409, a knightly duel on foot and in linen shirts behind two shields was held in Augsburg on the Lech on the wine-market between Dieterich Hachsenacker and Wigleo Marschalk, in which duel Marschalk did bravely slay Hachsenacker.<ref name="Year 1409">Mair gives more detail on this judicial duel of 1409 in the second volume. According to this account, the combatants were Wilhelm Marschalk von Dornsberg and Theodor Haschenacker, and the shields of the combatants were preserved in St. Leonard's church outside of the city until the tower of this church was demolished on 3 November 1542.</ref> The duel did have separate laws and statutes in laws, and their ordering and how they should be held is described and clearly set out in city-books everywhere, treatment of which topic, however, in the interest of brevity I will omit here and will describe and explain it elsewhere.
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'''Likewise did also''' the royal prophet ''David'' honourably defeat the great duellist and giant ''Goliath''. [Lib i. Regnum.] '''Also ''Ancheor'' not without extraordinary agility did lay low ''Turnus'' in a duel, and after the Albanians did set their ancestry, glory and reign against the Romans and three strong duellists of Albanian family known as the ''Cruciati'' were chosen to duel three Romans with the name of ''Horace'' the ''Horacii'' on the Roman side with extraordinary agility won the upper hand and slew the ''Cruciati'' and thus subjugating all of Italy. Likewise the German who challenged ''Valerius Corvinus'' to a duel was slain in a knightly deed. ''Manlius Torquatus'' also did kill a German prince in a duel and took off his neck-ring, by this winning great honour for himself and the name of Rome. I will be silent on the duels that were held everywhere in Germany from oldest times. In ancient German writings, kept in Schäbisch Hall, in Kochen[?] '''and in Würzburg, there are separate duelling rules and many duels were held there. Likewise in Munich on the Iser, Seitz von Althaim and Diepolt Gess in the year 1370 did hold a knightly duel on horseback, in which Seitz von Althaim gained a knightly victory. Likewise in the year 1409, a knightly duel on foot and in linen shirts behind two shields was held in Augsburg on the Lech on the wine-market between Dieterich Hachsenacker and Wigleo Marschalk, in which duel Marschalk did bravely slay Hachsenacker.<ref name="Year 1409">Mair gives more detail on this judicial duel of 1409 in the second volume. According to this account, the combatants were Wilhelm Marschalk von Dornsberg and Theodor Haschenacker, and the shields of the combatants were preserved in St. Leonard's church outside of the city until the tower of this church was demolished on 3 November 1542.</ref> The duel did have separate laws and statutes in laws, and their ordering and how they should be held is described and clearly set out in city-books everywhere, treatment of which topic, however, in the interest of brevity I will omit here and will describe and explain it elsewhere.
 
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'''If one would look''' however towards the usefulness for defense and well-being of this knightly exercise, there are found numerous good examples and testimonies; for whence all the well-rounded, proficient and obedient men-at-arms if not from experience and the maintenance of good order. But who can exert good order in situations of emergency if not those with innate virility who desire to further this same quality by constant courageousness, and those would be the same as can instruct others in manhood, virtue and honesty. If these honest men have a position and influence with high potentates governments of kingdoms, provinces and cities, doubtlessly they will gain many as disciples and students who love and exert virility, so that in a city, not to mention in a province, such persons who are inclined to protect the fatherland, and who will undertake to gain agility to this end by the practice of knightly exercise, will be found in great numbers. So it must most surely follow that the same kingdoms, provinces and cities, even if in their location and fortifications they may not appear strong or firm, but with such inhabitants and citizens inhabited and occupied, will appear and be considered that much more firm, stronger and more militant against the enemy, as is well shown and testified by the following examples and histories.
 
'''If one would look''' however towards the usefulness for defense and well-being of this knightly exercise, there are found numerous good examples and testimonies; for whence all the well-rounded, proficient and obedient men-at-arms if not from experience and the maintenance of good order. But who can exert good order in situations of emergency if not those with innate virility who desire to further this same quality by constant courageousness, and those would be the same as can instruct others in manhood, virtue and honesty. If these honest men have a position and influence with high potentates governments of kingdoms, provinces and cities, doubtlessly they will gain many as disciples and students who love and exert virility, so that in a city, not to mention in a province, such persons who are inclined to protect the fatherland, and who will undertake to gain agility to this end by the practice of knightly exercise, will be found in great numbers. So it must most surely follow that the same kingdoms, provinces and cities, even if in their location and fortifications they may not appear strong or firm, but with such inhabitants and citizens inhabited and occupied, will appear and be considered that much more firm, stronger and more militant against the enemy, as is well shown and testified by the following examples and histories.
  
'''The virility of''' the Greeks and especially of the Lacedaemonians, citizens of the most famous city of Sparta are very well known to anyone acquainted with history. [Pluta: fol.75.] Furthermore, their knightly virtues before the city of Troy, and in many other places, are evident. ''Plutarch'' writes much praise of their manhood in his ''Aphotegmata''<ref name="Plutarch">''Regum et imperatorum apophthegmata'' ("Sayings of kings and emperors") in Plutarch's ''Moralia''.</ref> and says that these Spartans had the custom that whenever they went to war against their enemies, their kings would always have to go ahead in the foremost rank and be the first to attack the enemy with manly courage, and one of their best knights would, if the king had earlier won a treasure such as a crown or a wreath in a fencing-school, carry this finely adorned in front of him, so as to show that their king was equipped with a spirit of manhood, and they would have other expert and honest warriors with them. For this they would contest all the more manfully and artfully for the treasures in the fencing-schools, in order to gain much honour and be placed next to the king in war and with honest praise and courage would move against the enemy in the front of the army. They did also disdain the best positions, such as fortifications, walls and trenches, and against these did much praise knightly manhood. ''Agis'', the second king of the Lacedaemonians, as at one time he moved on the city of Corinth, saw that this same city was surrounded by strong, long walls and fortifications, and he said, alas, who are these women that have taken and occupy the fortified place, as if he would say that honest and doughty men should not have any regard for such strong fortification but in need should praise the courage of the heart and the honesty of the mind and the prowess of the fist and prefer them over all fortification. By such honesty this king ''Agis'' did honourably reign over the realm of the Spartans for fifty years and left it behind in good stability. [Apopht. fol.17.] ''Agesilaus'' the sixth king of the Spartans was at one time asked why the city of Sparta was not protected and so ill equipped with walls and fortifications. To this the king answered and said, see these armed citizens, well-exercised in all knightly sports: these are the fortification and walls of the city of Sparta, by which he meant that virility is to be praised above all fortifications. This king ''Agesilaus'' did also reign over and preserve the realm of the Spartans for 44 years.
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'''The virility of''' the Greeks and especially of the Lacedaemonians, citizens of the most famous city of Sparta are very well known to anyone acquainted with history. [Pluta: fol.75.] '''Furthermore, their knightly virtues before the city of Troy, and in many other places, are evident. ''Plutarch'' writes much praise of their manhood in his ''Aphotegmata''<ref name="Plutarch">''Regum et imperatorum apophthegmata'' ("Sayings of kings and emperors") in Plutarch's ''Moralia''.</ref> and says that these Spartans had the custom that whenever they went to war against their enemies, their kings would always have to go ahead in the foremost rank and be the first to attack the enemy with manly courage, and one of their best knights would, if the king had earlier won a treasure such as a crown or a wreath in a fencing-school, carry this finely adorned in front of him, so as to show that their king was equipped with a spirit of manhood, and they would have other expert and honest warriors with them. For this they would contest all the more manfully and artfully for the treasures in the fencing-schools, in order to gain much honour and be placed next to the king in war and with honest praise and courage would move against the enemy in the front of the army. They did also disdain the best positions, such as fortifications, walls and trenches, and against these did much praise knightly manhood. ''Agis'', the second king of the Lacedaemonians, as at one time he moved on the city of Corinth, saw that this same city was surrounded by strong, long walls and fortifications, and he said, alas, who are these women that have taken and occupy the fortified place, as if he would say that honest and doughty men should not have any regard for such strong fortification but in need should praise the courage of the heart and the honesty of the mind and the prowess of the fist and prefer them over all fortification. By such honesty this king ''Agis'' did honourably reign over the realm of the Spartans for fifty years and left it behind in good stability. [Apopht. fol.17.] '''''Agesilaus'' the sixth king of the Spartans was at one time asked why the city of Sparta was not protected and so ill equipped with walls and fortifications. To this the king answered and said, see these armed citizens, well-exercised in all knightly sports: these are the fortification and walls of the city of Sparta, by which he meant that virility is to be praised above all fortifications. This king ''Agesilaus'' did also reign over and preserve the realm of the Spartans for 44 years.
 
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'''''Herodotus''''' writes in his seventh book, ''Polymnia'', how ''Xerxes'', the king of the Persians [and] Medes, out of presumption and prompted by an exiled Greek named ''Demarathus'' did incite a handsome great war on water and on land against the Greeks. But when king ''Xerxes'' with his people reached the borders of the Greeks at a pass called the ''Thermopyle'', he ordered the most renowned and strongest men and captains of the Persians in great number to take that same place as an entrance to the land of ''Greece''. Before that, the Greeks had occupied that place with three hundred Spartan citizens who according to their custom had with them their king ''Leonidas'', and they did wait there with all avidity of denying the enemy entry and held good and careful watch with all knightly experience and preparation against the Persians. As the Persians arrived at this said place, they found such a warlike and manly opposition on the part of the Greek garrison that they required many numerous attacks and attempts, and they lost a notable number, namely up to 20,000 among whom two kings, three princes and many of the Persian nobility from the legion known as the immortals along with their best warriors. As the king perceived his misfortune, he cried with a loud voice, O Jupiter, I have been deceived in this, that I led on such a long campaign all too many but only little well-exercised soldiers, as if he would say, conquest and victory does not depend on the amount and number of the army, but on the knightly virility of the warriors. And he did suffer such great damage from these three-hundred men at the said place, that he did many times rue the war which he had ventured against the Greeks, and it did often cause him to sigh. And in many months he did not succeed in taking this place, not with all his army, until at the last he turned his mind to treason. Only then did a shepherd, whom he had coaxed with much cost and promise, communicate to him a secret and unknown path down from the mountains, by which path and by treason the honest Spartans were surrounded from both sides with much might and great number of men so that all of them, after long and honest defense, were slain by the Persians, even to the last man (as none of them would have been parted from their king). And as the pass had been taken, king Xerxes and a number of his captains came on the battlefield and out of curiosity wanted to inspect the Spartans, and found them lying on their bellies, and not their backs, and their faces were hewn most grievously, he did praise them most fittingly, even though they were his enemies, saying, O how blessed is this land that generates many such exercised honest men. And inquiring after the occupation and disport favoured by such men, he was answered that they were never idle and of great frugality. Inquiring further for what reward they would do such, the Arcadians replied that they would ever exercise themselves in fencing-schools and duelling-spaces, on horseback and on foot, and those who excelled there would be honoured by a wreath made from oil-palm, which among them was held as the highest praise. [Herodo: fol:224.] As the king heard this, he turned to his captains and said, ''O Demarathe Demarathe'' (i.e. the name of the man who instigated him to wage war against the Greeks), against what manner of men did you incite us to make war, such as do not perform and exercise their duels and knightly sport for gain or payment but for manly honour and virtue, and he did much deplore that he had proposed to war with such honest men. And after many battles he fought against them, at sea and on land, he must retreat and pull out of the land of ''Greece'' nothing achieved, and with great loss of men and in disgrace.<ref name="schaden">Vienna: ''mit schaden'' "with damage", Dresden: ''mit schanden'' "with dishonour/ignominy".</ref>
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'''''Herodotus''''' writes in his seventh book, ''Polymnia'', how ''Xerxes'', the king of the Persians [and] '''Medes, out of presumption and prompted by an exiled Greek named ''Demarathus'' did incite a handsome great war on water and on land against the Greeks. But when king ''Xerxes'' with his people reached the borders of the Greeks at a pass called the ''Thermopyle'', he ordered the most renowned and strongest men and captains of the Persians in great number to take that same place as an entrance to the land of ''Greece''. Before that, the Greeks had occupied that place with three hundred Spartan citizens who according to their custom had with them their king ''Leonidas'', and they did wait there with all avidity of denying the enemy entry and held good and careful watch with all knightly experience and preparation against the Persians. As the Persians arrived at this said place, they found such a warlike and manly opposition on the part of the Greek garrison that they required many numerous attacks and attempts, and they lost a notable number, namely up to 20,000 among whom two kings, three princes and many of the Persian nobility from the legion known as the immortals along with their best warriors. As the king perceived his misfortune, he cried with a loud voice, O Jupiter, I have been deceived in this, that I led on such a long campaign all too many but only little well-exercised soldiers, as if he would say, conquest and victory does not depend on the amount and number of the army, but on the knightly virility of the warriors. And he did suffer such great damage from these three-hundred men at the said place, that he did many times rue the war which he had ventured against the Greeks, and it did often cause him to sigh. And in many months he did not succeed in taking this place, not with all his army, until at the last he turned his mind to treason. Only then did a shepherd, whom he had coaxed with much cost and promise, communicate to him a secret and unknown path down from the mountains, by which path and by treason the honest Spartans were surrounded from both sides with much might and great number of men so that all of them, after long and honest defense, were slain by the Persians, even to the last man (as none of them would have been parted from their king). And as the pass had been taken, king Xerxes and a number of his captains came on the battlefield and out of curiosity wanted to inspect the Spartans, and found them lying on their bellies, and not their backs, and their faces were hewn most grievously, he did praise them most fittingly, even though they were his enemies, saying, O how blessed is this land that generates many such exercised honest men. And inquiring after the occupation and disport favoured by such men, he was answered that they were never idle and of great frugality. Inquiring further for what reward they would do such, the Arcadians replied that they would ever exercise themselves in fencing-schools and duelling-spaces, on horseback and on foot, and those who excelled there would be honoured by a wreath made from oil-palm, which among them was held as the highest praise. [Herodo: fol:224.] '''As the king heard this, he turned to his captains and said, ''O Demarathe Demarathe'' (i.e. the name of the man who instigated him to wage war against the Greeks), against what manner of men did you incite us to make war, such as do not perform and exercise their duels and knightly sport for gain or payment but for manly honour and virtue, and he did much deplore that he had proposed to war with such honest men. And after many battles he fought against them, at sea and on land, he must retreat and pull out of the land of ''Greece'' nothing achieved, and with great loss of men and in disgrace.<ref name="schaden">Vienna: ''mit schaden'' "with damage", Dresden: ''mit schanden'' "with dishonour/ignominy".</ref>
  
 
Of these and comparable deeds of honour that have their origin and source in the knightly exercises, as have occurred both among the Greeks and the Romans, there would be much more to tell. But it would seem to me to become over-much and so as to not displease the reader I will forbear.
 
Of these and comparable deeds of honour that have their origin and source in the knightly exercises, as have occurred both among the Greeks and the Romans, there would be much more to tell. But it would seem to me to become over-much and so as to not displease the reader I will forbear.
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'''No wine at all''' did they cultivate, and neither did they import any. Their garments were cut close to the body and very tight. They did not allow any peddler to bring them any foreign jewelry, gems or garments. Their weapons were swords, battle-axe, bladed spear and short and narrow blades they called ''frimmen'', i.e. rapiers or daggers. No helmets or iron hats did they at first have, but shields, targes and pavises<ref name="gafese">''pafese'' read for ''gafese'' (i.e. ''pavese'', the infantry shields comparable to the Roman rectangular shields of the early imperial period)</ref> behind which they would bravely disrobe, and which they finely adorned with colours, from whence originate the heraldic coats of arms. Thrown darts and shooting-arrows, and javelins did they also use, but no youth might carry a side-arm unless his neighbors first did testify him to be an honest man fit for the army.
 
'''No wine at all''' did they cultivate, and neither did they import any. Their garments were cut close to the body and very tight. They did not allow any peddler to bring them any foreign jewelry, gems or garments. Their weapons were swords, battle-axe, bladed spear and short and narrow blades they called ''frimmen'', i.e. rapiers or daggers. No helmets or iron hats did they at first have, but shields, targes and pavises<ref name="gafese">''pafese'' read for ''gafese'' (i.e. ''pavese'', the infantry shields comparable to the Roman rectangular shields of the early imperial period)</ref> behind which they would bravely disrobe, and which they finely adorned with colours, from whence originate the heraldic coats of arms. Thrown darts and shooting-arrows, and javelins did they also use, but no youth might carry a side-arm unless his neighbors first did testify him to be an honest man fit for the army.
  
Such testimony would he who would carry arms need to present at the following assembly and diet. Then the authorities or his closest friends would gird him with his weapon and on his neck hang a shield, congratulate him, and henceforth he would be declared [a free man] of his province. In warfare and battle they had this custom, that they would take with them their wives and children, even those still in the cradle, and they must prepare and serve food and drink for the men, oil, try, bandage and treat their wounds and they then showed their wounds to their mothers and wives, who felt no abhorrence therefrom, but gave much praise for them. And when they fought a battle against their enemies, the wives and children must keep nearby, so that the men could hear the weeping of their little children, and the wives would shout and admonish their men to be brave and keen and not to flee, fighting not just for their country and people but also for their wives and children. This did often contribute to their victory, as ''Tacitus'' reports. For this reason they conducted their marriage according to the following manner. None could take a wife other than he was of grown age, and likewise the virgins must be of proper age, resulting in great, tall, strong people, and as they were joined, they practiced the custom that the wife would bring no dowry to the man, neither money nor property, but for a sword, which she gave to him for the purpose that he must use it to protect her, her children, and the fatherland. The man on the other hand must have a certain property, which however did not include money, or silken garment or clothes, with which he might adorn and bedeck the bride, but he must own two heads of cattle and an ox, joined in a yoke, a saddled horse a pavise or shield, a hewing-knife and a thrusting-spear. If he had these, the bride was given in his hand. This was all her marriage-portion, dowry, morning-gift, wreath and ring, hand-fasting and wedding-feast, church-going and consecration. The closest friends would inspect all the mentioned pieces, and if they were good, they were satisfied and wished them happiness and fertility in birth, and they were joined in that hour and the marriage was concluded. But the significance and meaning of these pieces was that just as the cattle under the yoke the couple must never part, in joy or sorrow, in war or otherwise, but they must live and lie together, journey and travel, and keenly dare all things, which was signified by the saddled horse. Also, the sword, shield, knife and spear must be kept by the wife in the event of the man's death, so that she might pass to her sons and children their father's marriage-portion at the proper time, and it would be kept and passed on even to the third generation.
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Such testimony would he who would carry arms need to present at the following assembly and diet. Then the authorities or his closest friends would gird him with his weapon and on his neck hang a shield, congratulate him, and henceforth he would be declared [a free man] '''of his province. In warfare and battle they had this custom, that they would take with them their wives and children, even those still in the cradle, and they must prepare and serve food and drink for the men, oil, try, bandage and treat their wounds and they then showed their wounds to their mothers and wives, who felt no abhorrence therefrom, but gave much praise for them. And when they fought a battle against their enemies, the wives and children must keep nearby, so that the men could hear the weeping of their little children, and the wives would shout and admonish their men to be brave and keen and not to flee, fighting not just for their country and people but also for their wives and children. This did often contribute to their victory, as ''Tacitus'' reports. For this reason they conducted their marriage according to the following manner. None could take a wife other than he was of grown age, and likewise the virgins must be of proper age, resulting in great, tall, strong people, and as they were joined, they practiced the custom that the wife would bring no dowry to the man, neither money nor property, but for a sword, which she gave to him for the purpose that he must use it to protect her, her children, and the fatherland. The man on the other hand must have a certain property, which however did not include money, or silken garment or clothes, with which he might adorn and bedeck the bride, but he must own two heads of cattle and an ox, joined in a yoke, a saddled horse a pavise or shield, a hewing-knife and a thrusting-spear. If he had these, the bride was given in his hand. This was all her marriage-portion, dowry, morning-gift, wreath and ring, hand-fasting and wedding-feast, church-going and consecration. The closest friends would inspect all the mentioned pieces, and if they were good, they were satisfied and wished them happiness and fertility in birth, and they were joined in that hour and the marriage was concluded. But the significance and meaning of these pieces was that just as the cattle under the yoke the couple must never part, in joy or sorrow, in war or otherwise, but they must live and lie together, journey and travel, and keenly dare all things, which was signified by the saddled horse. Also, the sword, shield, knife and spear must be kept by the wife in the event of the man's death, so that she might pass to her sons and children their father's marriage-portion at the proper time, and it would be kept and passed on even to the third generation.
 
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'''Our ancient''' and pious Germans for a long time did not allow any foreign peddler to bring them foreign clothing and costly armour. Much less did they allow the manufacture or use of such among them, indeed they would have been ashamed to be seen straying from their German knightly character and custom. The Spartans slew one of their warriors for the only reason that he had somewhat changed his costume and had decorated his shield with purple silk, so much did foreign finery appall them. ''Charles'', the first of this name, known as the Great, who was properly a native German, and who first brought the rule of the Roman Empire to the Germans, was in the habit of always using the old German costume and none other for as long as he lived. Not more than on three instances, and this only to please the pope, did he don a Latin long mantle and broad slippers, which he later did often rue. Many of his princes and rich noblemen in the Italian wars had bought many costly ornaments and foreign garments. But as they put them on for a high festival and the emperor spotted them, he chided them loudly in front of all the people, mocked them and said, wherefore, wherefore you free Swabians and Franks, how you have utterly perverted yourselves and changed the German character and manner with foreign costume. Are you not now wearing on your bodies the clothing of those on whom you earlier so valiantly made war and forced to submit to you? What, would you also pervert your courage in like manner? Fie for the shame that you would put an everlasting blame on the German name, which is frightful to all other nations, with this transformation of yours. Look at yourself, how you are clothed. While your emperor, making allowance for the necessity of nature may cover himself. Why do you spend your gold and silver so as to corrupt your fathers for such shameful goods and clothing? Or do you no longer want to be free, but slaves like your enemies, whose clothes you are wearing? He then forced the same princes and noblemen to join him in assiduous hunting, both in summer and wintertime, and they must keep wearing the above described adornment and clothing, and he led them through great hedges and bushwork. After the hunt, he sat beside them at the fire, and their foreign clothing was torn by the branches, and the remaining tatters were singed and burned by the fire, such that they no longer offered protection. But the clothing of the pious emperor, which was a wolf's pelt, remained whole and fresh, and he mocked them greatly for what costly but useless clothes they had bought for a high price. This pious emperor ''Charles'' with his keen and firm courage and great heart did appear so frightening to all nations that all pagan kings feared him. The kings of Asia, Persia and Africa sent him messages and honoured him with gifts, and so much he attained with them that for him the Egyptian king did freely offer all of Jerusalem, along with the tomb of Christ, cleared of all pagans, to the Christians, just so he would keep him as a friend in his coalition. As he received the foreign messages he would always have his imperial sword on his side, plated with gold and hung on a golden knight's belt, and keep his hand on its pommel, so as to present his virility in this way. But how the clothing and armour of the ancients compare with the modern clothing of our time, is most easy to describe, as just within living memory they have undergone manifold changes, and still in the present day it is the custom that he who would just invent much novelty is held dear by the lords, so that it happens that manhood was changed to lust and vanity, and the praise of the Germans is failing, may that God would mend this.
 
'''Our ancient''' and pious Germans for a long time did not allow any foreign peddler to bring them foreign clothing and costly armour. Much less did they allow the manufacture or use of such among them, indeed they would have been ashamed to be seen straying from their German knightly character and custom. The Spartans slew one of their warriors for the only reason that he had somewhat changed his costume and had decorated his shield with purple silk, so much did foreign finery appall them. ''Charles'', the first of this name, known as the Great, who was properly a native German, and who first brought the rule of the Roman Empire to the Germans, was in the habit of always using the old German costume and none other for as long as he lived. Not more than on three instances, and this only to please the pope, did he don a Latin long mantle and broad slippers, which he later did often rue. Many of his princes and rich noblemen in the Italian wars had bought many costly ornaments and foreign garments. But as they put them on for a high festival and the emperor spotted them, he chided them loudly in front of all the people, mocked them and said, wherefore, wherefore you free Swabians and Franks, how you have utterly perverted yourselves and changed the German character and manner with foreign costume. Are you not now wearing on your bodies the clothing of those on whom you earlier so valiantly made war and forced to submit to you? What, would you also pervert your courage in like manner? Fie for the shame that you would put an everlasting blame on the German name, which is frightful to all other nations, with this transformation of yours. Look at yourself, how you are clothed. While your emperor, making allowance for the necessity of nature may cover himself. Why do you spend your gold and silver so as to corrupt your fathers for such shameful goods and clothing? Or do you no longer want to be free, but slaves like your enemies, whose clothes you are wearing? He then forced the same princes and noblemen to join him in assiduous hunting, both in summer and wintertime, and they must keep wearing the above described adornment and clothing, and he led them through great hedges and bushwork. After the hunt, he sat beside them at the fire, and their foreign clothing was torn by the branches, and the remaining tatters were singed and burned by the fire, such that they no longer offered protection. But the clothing of the pious emperor, which was a wolf's pelt, remained whole and fresh, and he mocked them greatly for what costly but useless clothes they had bought for a high price. This pious emperor ''Charles'' with his keen and firm courage and great heart did appear so frightening to all nations that all pagan kings feared him. The kings of Asia, Persia and Africa sent him messages and honoured him with gifts, and so much he attained with them that for him the Egyptian king did freely offer all of Jerusalem, along with the tomb of Christ, cleared of all pagans, to the Christians, just so he would keep him as a friend in his coalition. As he received the foreign messages he would always have his imperial sword on his side, plated with gold and hung on a golden knight's belt, and keep his hand on its pommel, so as to present his virility in this way. But how the clothing and armour of the ancients compare with the modern clothing of our time, is most easy to describe, as just within living memory they have undergone manifold changes, and still in the present day it is the custom that he who would just invent much novelty is held dear by the lords, so that it happens that manhood was changed to lust and vanity, and the praise of the Germans is failing, may that God would mend this.
  
'''In what way however our''' Germans of these days follow and keep to the ancient Germans with regard to wine-drinking, games and exercise of knightly sport, their marriage and their meals, much could be written on this, as regrettably these things, when compared would present a very strange and awkward relation. The old, when they sat at their meals and symposia with their friends of high or low birth, would tell about the honest deeds of their ancestors, which was heard by the young, who took to heart to have desire and love towards the knightly art of fencing from which the most chivalrous gain praise. This with artful assiduity they exercised, and vices such as drinking, gambling, lust of women, vanity of clothing, they did forego. [Apoph: fol.721.] ''Plutarch'' writes in his ''Apophtegmata'' that king ''Antigonus'' once asked the philosopher ''Menedemus'' if he should go drinking with a number of good fellows of his. ''Menedemus'' replied with a single phrase and said, ah, he is a king's son, by which he would indicate that the habit of wine-drinking does ill befit kings, princes and others of superior rank, meaning that there is other exercise and practice than drinking, to which to apply themselves would be more praisworthy and more profitable for them.
+
'''In what way however our''' Germans of these days follow and keep to the ancient Germans with regard to wine-drinking, games and exercise of knightly sport, their marriage and their meals, much could be written on this, as regrettably these things, when compared would present a very strange and awkward relation. The old, when they sat at their meals and symposia with their friends of high or low birth, would tell about the honest deeds of their ancestors, which was heard by the young, who took to heart to have desire and love towards the knightly art of fencing from which the most chivalrous gain praise. This with artful assiduity they exercised, and vices such as drinking, gambling, lust of women, vanity of clothing, they did forego. [Apoph: fol.721.] '''''Plutarch'' writes in his ''Apophtegmata'' that king ''Antigonus'' once asked the philosopher ''Menedemus'' if he should go drinking with a number of good fellows of his. ''Menedemus'' replied with a single phrase and said, ah, he is a king's son, by which he would indicate that the habit of wine-drinking does ill befit kings, princes and others of superior rank, meaning that there is other exercise and practice than drinking, to which to apply themselves would be more praisworthy and more profitable for them.
  
[Apoph: fol.312.] Likewise with Alexander the Great in his youth, at one time after he had been drinking wine and came back home to court, and his father Philip was told that his son Alexander had been drinking wine and had been singing very well, king Philipp was much displeased and chided him with these words, saying, are you not ashamed of yourself that you are so apt in drinking and singing, as if he would say, are you not a king's son, why are you dealing with such disdainful practice, are you proposing to support your kingdom by such frivolity after my death, or do you have such modest and childlike neighbours in the cities of Athens, Corinth, Argis, Corcica and others, so turn your mind to knightly arts, which serve for the development of your realm, honour and prosperity. At this instruction and scolding Alexander was so dismayed that he fast dedicated himself to knightly exercises, for which he gained later reward on many duelling-fields, and finally culminated in this, that within twelve years he subjugated and conquered the entire world with his knightly disposition. And truly, as I see it, if such knightly exercise according to the ancient manner and custom, in place of frivolous exercise, which over time have become so ubiquitous not just at royal or princely courts but also in the cities and everywhere and have displaced the exercise of good virtue, should again become well-established with both high and lower government, it would surely be highly profitable and useful for Germany and its degenerated prestige and dodgy reputation.
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[Apoph: fol.312.] '''Likewise with Alexander the Great in his youth, at one time after he had been drinking wine and came back home to court, and his father Philip was told that his son Alexander had been drinking wine and had been singing very well, king Philipp was much displeased and chided him with these words, saying, are you not ashamed of yourself that you are so apt in drinking and singing, as if he would say, are you not a king's son, why are you dealing with such disdainful practice, are you proposing to support your kingdom by such frivolity after my death, or do you have such modest and childlike neighbours in the cities of Athens, Corinth, Argis, Corcica and others, so turn your mind to knightly arts, which serve for the development of your realm, honour and prosperity. At this instruction and scolding Alexander was so dismayed that he fast dedicated himself to knightly exercises, for which he gained later reward on many duelling-fields, and finally culminated in this, that within twelve years he subjugated and conquered the entire world with his knightly disposition. And truly, as I see it, if such knightly exercise according to the ancient manner and custom, in place of frivolous exercise, which over time have become so ubiquitous not just at royal or princely courts but also in the cities and everywhere and have displaced the exercise of good virtue, should again become well-established with both high and lower government, it would surely be highly profitable and useful for Germany and its degenerated prestige and dodgy reputation.
 
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'''To the''' honour-loving custom of the knightly sport did the Roman emperor ''Henry'', the first of this name, wish to dedicate himself and lend support with all his appetite and desire, so that it would not decay, with the good and timely counsel of his princes and other lords. And he did establish the praiseworthy knightly sport of the tourney in the year 938 with the counsel of his princes and lords, adorned with twelve praiseworthy, honourable and Christian articles, so as to conserve honour, virtue and honesty in the Holy Empire of the German Nation. In this manner that none among the nobility, princes or counts, might participate in the knightly sport of the tourney if they violated the said twelve articles. Whoever did so was made the mockery of all princes, lords and ladies, put on the barriers, denuded of horse, weapons and armour, and publicly proclaimed a villain by the heralds, so that the princes, lords and noblemen were incited to good virtues and avoided many great vices.
 
'''To the''' honour-loving custom of the knightly sport did the Roman emperor ''Henry'', the first of this name, wish to dedicate himself and lend support with all his appetite and desire, so that it would not decay, with the good and timely counsel of his princes and other lords. And he did establish the praiseworthy knightly sport of the tourney in the year 938 with the counsel of his princes and lords, adorned with twelve praiseworthy, honourable and Christian articles, so as to conserve honour, virtue and honesty in the Holy Empire of the German Nation. In this manner that none among the nobility, princes or counts, might participate in the knightly sport of the tourney if they violated the said twelve articles. Whoever did so was made the mockery of all princes, lords and ladies, put on the barriers, denuded of horse, weapons and armour, and publicly proclaimed a villain by the heralds, so that the princes, lords and noblemen were incited to good virtues and avoided many great vices.
  
'''The''' said twelve articles were set down in great earnest by the emperor and the princes of the holy empire, and recited orally. The first was recited by the emperor himself, [i.e.] whoso blasphemes the Christian faith and the holy Trinity or despoils and weakens the church of Christ. [The second by] the count Palatine: whoso treacherously acts against any proscription or prohibition of the emperor's. [The third by] the duke of Swabia: whoso dishonours or weakens ladies or virgins. [The fourth by] the duke of Bavaria: whoso is recognized as in breach of treaty, in perjury or dishonour. [The fifth by] the duke of Franconia, whoso betrays his own lord and deserts him. And so on by other lords beside: [6th] whoso slays his bed-fellow or instigates manslaughter; [7th] whoso despoils churches or hermitages, widows or orphans by threat of violence; [8th] whoso harries, pillages or feuds with another without declaration or proper claim. [9th] whoso would change or alter the law and order of the empire and cause unrest in the streets; [10th] whoso breaches his own or another's honour. [11th] Whoso is of noble birth but does not maintain his noble state by his pensions, revenue and liege's guerdon but instead involves himself with merchant's trade and usury. [12th] that none [may participate] unless he is of right noble birth on the part of [all] his four grandfathers and grandmothers. All these, blemished by such vices, must avoid the highly honourable knightly sport of the tourney and fully excluded on pains of severe penalty. At all times at each tourney, of which the first was held in the year 938 in Magdeburg and the last in the year 1487 in Worms, numbering thirty-six,<ref name="Ruxner">Mair's source is the ''Turnierbuch'' of Georg Rüxner (c. 1490), edited in Augsburg by Marx Würsung (1518). Rüxner describes a series of 36 "imperial tournaments" (''Reichs-Turniere'') between 938 and 1487, beginning with a legendary tournament held in Magdeburg during what Rüxner makes out as the reign of Henry I the Fowler.</ref> there attended the highest-born and most noble princesses, countesses and baronesses, in the state of wife, virgin or widow, who helped inspect helmets and coats-of-arms, observe[?], present treasures and prizes, gave thanks and honour[?] and held dances, all of this invented and performed for the preservation of honour and virtue.
+
'''The''' said twelve articles were set down in great earnest by the emperor and the princes of the holy empire, and recited orally. The first was recited by the emperor himself, [i.e.] '''whoso blasphemes the Christian faith and the holy Trinity or despoils and weakens the church of Christ. [The second by] '''the count Palatine: whoso treacherously acts against any proscription or prohibition of the emperor's. [The third by] '''the duke of Swabia: whoso dishonours or weakens ladies or virgins. [The fourth by] '''the duke of Bavaria: whoso is recognized as in breach of treaty, in perjury or dishonour. [The fifth by] '''the duke of Franconia, whoso betrays his own lord and deserts him. And so on by other lords beside: [6th] '''whoso slays his bed-fellow or instigates manslaughter; [7th] '''whoso despoils churches or hermitages, widows or orphans by threat of violence; [8th] '''whoso harries, pillages or feuds with another without declaration or proper claim. [9th] '''whoso would change or alter the law and order of the empire and cause unrest in the streets; [10th] '''whoso breaches his own or another's honour. [11th] '''Whoso is of noble birth but does not maintain his noble state by his pensions, revenue and liege's guerdon but instead involves himself with merchant's trade and usury. [12th] '''that none [may participate] '''unless he is of right noble birth on the part of [all] '''his four grandfathers and grandmothers. All these, blemished by such vices, must avoid the highly honourable knightly sport of the tourney and fully excluded on pains of severe penalty. At all times at each tourney, of which the first was held in the year 938 in Magdeburg and the last in the year 1487 in Worms, numbering thirty-six,<ref name="Ruxner">Mair's source is the ''Turnierbuch'' of Georg Rüxner (c. 1490), edited in Augsburg by Marx Würsung (1518). Rüxner describes a series of 36 "imperial tournaments" (''Reichs-Turniere'') between 938 and 1487, beginning with a legendary tournament held in Magdeburg during what Rüxner makes out as the reign of Henry I the Fowler.</ref> there attended the highest-born and most noble princesses, countesses and baronesses, in the state of wife, virgin or widow, who helped inspect helmets and coats-of-arms, observe[?], present treasures and prizes, gave thanks and honour[?] '''and held dances, all of this invented and performed for the preservation of honour and virtue.
 
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'''But at length''' it could not persist and the knightly exercise did not take root, as the jurists say, it should be clearly set down and established in the laws of the imperial fencers. Namely, as all games have been prohibited, so should the knightly game of fencing not just remain unprohibited, but should be and remain freely allowed for everyone, which would serve the [? and] ingraining of the knightly exercise, but with much surprise we hear that all the world would obstruct, rage and rant for the prohibited if it serves to no good, and the little which many should love, they let be abandoned and fall into disdain, so that nigh all good virtue is eclipsed, as is regrettably often the case both in times of peace and of war.
+
'''But at length''' it could not persist and the knightly exercise did not take root, as the jurists say, it should be clearly set down and established in the laws of the imperial fencers. Namely, as all games have been prohibited, so should the knightly game of fencing not just remain unprohibited, but should be and remain freely allowed for everyone, which would serve the [? and] '''ingraining of the knightly exercise, but with much surprise we hear that all the world would obstruct, rage and rant for the prohibited if it serves to no good, and the little which many should love, they let be abandoned and fall into disdain, so that nigh all good virtue is eclipsed, as is regrettably often the case both in times of peace and of war.
  
 
'''But on the other hand''' all sorts of new-fangled arts, as for example the pernicious shooting, are seen in this our time, of which the princes and lords now make avid use in warfare, by which the knightly art is sorely weakened and there is a sore decline in the supply of brave heroes.
 
'''But on the other hand''' all sorts of new-fangled arts, as for example the pernicious shooting, are seen in this our time, of which the princes and lords now make avid use in warfare, by which the knightly art is sorely weakened and there is a sore decline in the supply of brave heroes.
  
By this harsh art, many a courageous hero's life was stolen surreptitiously and from afar, who would otherwise could well have saved and made for himself an immortal name of praise by virtue of his knightly spirit. Plutarch writes [Apoph. fol: 61.], as ''Archidamus'' for the first time set eyes on a catapult, which was first invented in Sicily, he began to lament with a loud voice, by the god Hercules, the courage of men will go to ruin, as if he would say, if more such and alike instruments were to be invented and used in war, there will be no longer any difference between bawdy, slothful and lusty, valiant men-at-arms. And thus will decay all knightly exercise, and in its place all cunning, sloth and vice will grow apace, and such has regretfully happened and is now in full fashion. From this it has truly been shown over time that there is a great scarcity of doughty, brave and strong men who have invented artillery, mortars, catapults or other such implements. ''Socrates'' was asked by the Spartans, where were all the strong heroes and doughty, well-versed warriors. Well, said Socrates, at Troy. By which he wanted to convey that as at Troy was held knightly exercise but that there the very nucleus of Greek knighthood, warring for honour, had over time fallen, so that at the present time there was only left a shadow or spectre of their former praise. What can I say, oftentimes men, and especially the Roman emperor and king, were trying to aid this knightly art, but this has never really taken hold, as we have amply set out above. Finally, the knightly art has come to this, that it developed the Brotherhood known as Saint Mark's, which the most eminent, most mighty Roman emperors of most praiseworthy memory, Frederick, the third of this name, Maximilian, and now the invincible prince, Charles himself all three nobly born of the old and praiseworthy house of Austria,<ref name="Frederick">the successive Habsburg emperors Frederick III, Maximilian I and Charles V, spanning the period since the supposed disestablishment of the knightly tournament and the establishment of the Brotherhood of St. Mark or ''Marxbrüder''. The ''Freifechter'' denounced by Mair seem to represent an early form of the guild later known as ''Federfechter'' (unless the term still has a generic meaning, ''frei'' as in "unincorporated").</ref> so that this knightly exercise may not decay completely, and at this time may once again be aided with privileges and liberties, presented furnished with their best and most gracious sympathy. Namely such that on every autumn's fair in Frankfurt, those who would be or become master of the sword, must first be examined in their masterly test in the iron-run[?] and golden art by ordained and sworn masters of Saint Mark's Brotherhood, and all that is pertinent to the knightly fencing with all virtue they must request and confirm their completion under oath. These [masters of the sword] may then hold schools as far as does extend the Roman Empire of the German Nation and may teach to other men on their request the proper manner of the sword. But for two reasons this exercise is held in low regard, the first, that gamblers, drunkards, usurers and lovers of beautiful women have been given much room in the highest places, such as princely courts and in the chief cities of the empire, and knightly art and exercise may not thrive due to them, but must always stay hidden behind the door, and the second, that numerous masters of the sword and otherwise masters, also Freifechter and numerous other fencers, to their own damage and disadvantage and that of the praiseworthy ancient art, act ineptly and ignominiously, foster envy and hatred in their fencing in schools, such that the young would hold the old in contempt at the fencing-school, and force on them their wantonness, and in addition abuse themselves of too much wine, from which results much frivolous discord, much to the chagrin of the authorities, and causes a considerable decline in the noble art. All this then serves more the extirpation than to the taking root of the noble and ancient knightly art, as pains me at the heart, and I would rather (in the interest of the noble art) hide it by my silence than to report it, especially as these vices are also hardly conductive to civil order. So I would gladly instruct all pious honest fencers to the profit and benefit of the fatherland, in the hope that they should be rewarded for it by everlasting praise.
+
By this harsh art, many a courageous hero's life was stolen surreptitiously and from afar, who would otherwise could well have saved and made for himself an immortal name of praise by virtue of his knightly spirit. Plutarch writes [Apoph. fol: 61.], as ''Archidamus'' for the first time set eyes on a catapult, which was first invented in Sicily, he began to lament with a loud voice, by the god Hercules, the courage of men will go to ruin, as if he would say, if more such and alike instruments were to be invented and used in war, there will be no longer any difference between bawdy, slothful and lusty, valiant men-at-arms. And thus will decay all knightly exercise, and in its place all cunning, sloth and vice will grow apace, and such has regretfully happened and is now in full fashion. From this it has truly been shown over time that there is a great scarcity of doughty, brave and strong men who have invented artillery, mortars, catapults or other such implements. ''Socrates'' was asked by the Spartans, where were all the strong heroes and doughty, well-versed warriors. Well, said Socrates, at Troy. By which he wanted to convey that as at Troy was held knightly exercise but that there the very nucleus of Greek knighthood, warring for honour, had over time fallen, so that at the present time there was only left a shadow or spectre of their former praise. What can I say, oftentimes men, and especially the Roman emperor and king, were trying to aid this knightly art, but this has never really taken hold, as we have amply set out above. Finally, the knightly art has come to this, that it developed the Brotherhood known as Saint Mark's, which the most eminent, most mighty Roman emperors of most praiseworthy memory, Frederick, the third of this name, Maximilian, and now the invincible prince, Charles himself all three nobly born of the old and praiseworthy house of Austria,<ref name="Frederick">the successive Habsburg emperors Frederick III, Maximilian I and Charles V, spanning the period since the supposed disestablishment of the knightly tournament and the establishment of the Brotherhood of St. Mark or ''Marxbrüder''. The ''Freifechter'' denounced by Mair seem to represent an early form of the guild later known as ''Federfechter'' (unless the term still has a generic meaning, ''frei'' as in "unincorporated").</ref> so that this knightly exercise may not decay completely, and at this time may once again be aided with privileges and liberties, presented furnished with their best and most gracious sympathy. Namely such that on every autumn's fair in Frankfurt, those who would be or become master of the sword, must first be examined in their masterly test in the iron-run[?] '''and golden art by ordained and sworn masters of Saint Mark's Brotherhood, and all that is pertinent to the knightly fencing with all virtue they must request and confirm their completion under oath. These [masters of the sword] '''may then hold schools as far as does extend the Roman Empire of the German Nation and may teach to other men on their request the proper manner of the sword. But for two reasons this exercise is held in low regard, the first, that gamblers, drunkards, usurers and lovers of beautiful women have been given much room in the highest places, such as princely courts and in the chief cities of the empire, and knightly art and exercise may not thrive due to them, but must always stay hidden behind the door, and the second, that numerous masters of the sword and otherwise masters, also Freifechter and numerous other fencers, to their own damage and disadvantage and that of the praiseworthy ancient art, act ineptly and ignominiously, foster envy and hatred in their fencing in schools, such that the young would hold the old in contempt at the fencing-school, and force on them their wantonness, and in addition abuse themselves of too much wine, from which results much frivolous discord, much to the chagrin of the authorities, and causes a considerable decline in the noble art. All this then serves more the extirpation than to the taking root of the noble and ancient knightly art, as pains me at the heart, and I would rather (in the interest of the noble art) hide it by my silence than to report it, especially as these vices are also hardly conductive to civil order. So I would gladly instruct all pious honest fencers to the profit and benefit of the fatherland, in the hope that they should be rewarded for it by everlasting praise.
  
[Apoph. fol: .7.] '''''Plutarch''''' writes in his courtly aphorisms that the excellent scholar ''Carillus'' was asked, which were the most praiseworthy cities, and he answered to this effect, that those cities were the best and safest, in which the citizens do not quarrel for ambition or authority, but one desires to excel the other by means of manly virtue (but without rioting) and would gladly be the foremost in the furtherance of communal benefit. For this the gods of the Spartans were all conceived as wearing armour and carrying arms, as if they wanted to convey that even the gods themselves had enmity and hatred for sloth and idleness. But [now] all would defend lust and sloth and pretend that one could still rule and sustain a land and people, even though the knightly sport of fencing is no longer as much in fashion as it used to be in the beginning, because this art would also produce insolent, proud and foolhardy men, and for this reason should be closely supervised. To these I know no short answer, then it is true, that a regrettably large number of men who undertake to learn the knightly art within their own insolent wantonness, and that for this reason, they use their force to commit outrage and in anger cause injury to other men, as happened in Rome at one time as two fencing-masters did attach to themselves a great number of fencers and rioted in Italy causing so much damage to the common man that the mayors of Rome led the whole army against them, fought them, and had to exterminate them. Those, who are such men, I do not deem worthy of being named honest fencers, nor are they in no way worthy of any praise, and I do not wish to publish this work of honour to their praise, but to impel them to good virtue. Such reckless fencers to not consort with honourable men, but with lions, bears, leopards, tigers, wild cattle, and buffaloes, or with bad, outlawed, evil men as was the custom of the Romans. For their use of fencing and foolhardiness they shall receive no praise whatsoever from my part.
+
[Apoph. fol: .7.] ''''''''Plutarch''''' writes in his courtly aphorisms that the excellent scholar ''Carillus'' was asked, which were the most praiseworthy cities, and he answered to this effect, that those cities were the best and safest, in which the citizens do not quarrel for ambition or authority, but one desires to excel the other by means of manly virtue (but without rioting) and would gladly be the foremost in the furtherance of communal benefit. For this the gods of the Spartans were all conceived as wearing armour and carrying arms, as if they wanted to convey that even the gods themselves had enmity and hatred for sloth and idleness. But [now] '''all would defend lust and sloth and pretend that one could still rule and sustain a land and people, even though the knightly sport of fencing is no longer as much in fashion as it used to be in the beginning, because this art would also produce insolent, proud and foolhardy men, and for this reason should be closely supervised. To these I know no short answer, then it is true, that a regrettably large number of men who undertake to learn the knightly art within their own insolent wantonness, and that for this reason, they use their force to commit outrage and in anger cause injury to other men, as happened in Rome at one time as two fencing-masters did attach to themselves a great number of fencers and rioted in Italy causing so much damage to the common man that the mayors of Rome led the whole army against them, fought them, and had to exterminate them. Those, who are such men, I do not deem worthy of being named honest fencers, nor are they in no way worthy of any praise, and I do not wish to publish this work of honour to their praise, but to impel them to good virtue. Such reckless fencers to not consort with honourable men, but with lions, bears, leopards, tigers, wild cattle, and buffaloes, or with bad, outlawed, evil men as was the custom of the Romans. For their use of fencing and foolhardiness they shall receive no praise whatsoever from my part.
  
'''But there is found no''' faculty in all the world which does not share in such danger and worry, for a man may study whatever he likes, be he a ''theologian, jurist, medicus'' or some other besides, if his heart is not honest, pious and his spirit not upright, then all that which he is capable of and which he studied will only serve to the detriment and damage of himself and of others. Therefore no-one who desires to learn the knightly art should be dismayed by such lazy insinuations, and it does seem to me that such lazy insinuation does exclusively emanate from lazy and ignominious men who as the Epicureans put their attention only on all laziness and bodily lust, and that they have good and lazy days, a calm life, the best dainties, the best wine and drink according to all their whims and pleasure, may God provide for honest manhood and knightly sport by which land and people are sustained, and if these would utterly decay, they would not care much. Yea they would not care to have their garment wrinkled[?] for the sake of the common good, and that much less would they risk the smallest part of their pleasure. These are the right fellows born in the kingdom of Cockaigne. The ancients have composed a fable of the land of Cockaigne as a determent for the young, where the houses are built from gingerbread, with fences made from wattled sausages, and hail and rain of sugar, the streams and fountains are filled with tasty wine, and all fowls are roasted, and do not have to be caught but roasted they fly into the mouth of anyone who so desires. Also, who can sleep and keep lazy for the longest time, and can hold himself with superfluous eating and drinking in a way that goes against nature, these are supported by a liberal yearly provision, and other similar things besides, such is contained in the order and statutes of this land of Cockaigne.<ref name="Schlaraffen">''Schlaraffenland'' is the German adaptation of ''Coquaigne'' (''Cucania''), first encountered in the 15th century (as ''schlauraff'', ''schluderaffe'') and popularised by Hans Sachs (1558). The name seems to originate as an (unattested) medieval slur meaning "lazy idler", ''schlu(de)r-affe'', lit. "drooping ape".</ref> But while the ancients had the opposite intent in this, and wanted to incite the lazy men to prowess by means of mockery, these fellows are so much opposed to it as if they would want to own the land of Cockaigne, and take a position of government and authority therein, and all good arts they disdain, besmirch and even try to extirpate by their lazy insinuation just to gloss over their slothfulness and their inert, godless lives.
+
'''But there is found no''' faculty in all the world which does not share in such danger and worry, for a man may study whatever he likes, be he a ''theologian, jurist, medicus'' or some other besides, if his heart is not honest, pious and his spirit not upright, then all that which he is capable of and which he studied will only serve to the detriment and damage of himself and of others. Therefore no-one who desires to learn the knightly art should be dismayed by such lazy insinuations, and it does seem to me that such lazy insinuation does exclusively emanate from lazy and ignominious men who as the Epicureans put their attention only on all laziness and bodily lust, and that they have good and lazy days, a calm life, the best dainties, the best wine and drink according to all their whims and pleasure, may God provide for honest manhood and knightly sport by which land and people are sustained, and if these would utterly decay, they would not care much. Yea they would not care to have their garment wrinkled[?] '''for the sake of the common good, and that much less would they risk the smallest part of their pleasure. These are the right fellows born in the kingdom of Cockaigne. The ancients have composed a fable of the land of Cockaigne as a determent for the young, where the houses are built from gingerbread, with fences made from wattled sausages, and hail and rain of sugar, the streams and fountains are filled with tasty wine, and all fowls are roasted, and do not have to be caught but roasted they fly into the mouth of anyone who so desires. Also, who can sleep and keep lazy for the longest time, and can hold himself with superfluous eating and drinking in a way that goes against nature, these are supported by a liberal yearly provision, and other similar things besides, such is contained in the order and statutes of this land of Cockaigne.<ref name="Schlaraffen">''Schlaraffenland'' is the German adaptation of ''Coquaigne'' (''Cucania''), first encountered in the 15th century (as ''schlauraff'', ''schluderaffe'') and popularised by Hans Sachs (1558). The name seems to originate as an (unattested) medieval slur meaning "lazy idler", ''schlu(de)r-affe'', lit. "drooping ape".</ref> But while the ancients had the opposite intent in this, and wanted to incite the lazy men to prowess by means of mockery, these fellows are so much opposed to it as if they would want to own the land of Cockaigne, and take a position of government and authority therein, and all good arts they disdain, besmirch and even try to extirpate by their lazy insinuation just to gloss over their slothfulness and their inert, godless lives.
 
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'''All kinds of examples''' of honesty are found in the histories, which indicate clearly that the empires, countries and cities are sustained by honesty of spirit and prowess of the fist, but that they dissolve and are undone by lazy inertia. The Assyrian Empire, which was the first empire in this world, did take its origin with king ''Ninus'' and by thirty-six kings was ruled in full honesty during one thousand two hundred and forty years. But on his accession their final king, ''Sardanapolus''<ref name="Assyria">Ninus: the legendary founder of Nineveh according to Ctesias (''Persica'', ca. 400 BC); Ctesias' Sardanapolus corresponds to Ashurbanipal (669 - 627 BC); Ctesias is a rather unreliable source by comparison with Herodotus and the Ptolemaic king list; but in any case knowledge on the Assyrian empire was very limited before the decipherment of cuneiform in the 1850s.</ref> ruled in such a way that under his rule sloth, lust of women, excessive eating and drinking, and gambling, became so rife that he drowned in these said vices, while honesty was in such low esteem that his own people grew disobedient and deserted him, and was divided in gangs and parties, and he was finally chased and exiled from his own empire, and thus by his negligent laziness, disrespect of knightly exercise and bad government, the Assyrian Empire came to its end with him. This king was often found in his women's quarters when he should have been dedicating himself to knighthood, and to please them he used to work the spindle. He had made costly preparation of his tomb before his death, and on it he ordered the following inscription [folio. 46.] ''Sardanapolus Anecendarases. Ede, bibe, lude.'' which in German means this, Sardanapolus of Anecendarasis, eat, drink, play. In this the kind reader may well perceive what difference in success and failure there is between slothful and valiant lords. As Xerxes, king in Persia, re-conquered and brought into his power the city of Babylon after it had seceded from him, he considered how he could keep the great city of Babylon so that it would not secede from him again, and to this end he ordered that all Babylonian citizens and inhabitants may not carry any weapon, and may no longer exercise knightly sport, but he allowed them to visit the taverns and drink wine every night, to sing and whistle and also that they might have beautiful women, and might wear plaited dresses. All this he did with the intent of turning honest men into soft women, which indeed then did come to pass as they became used to pleasures, so that their manhood declined and thence he might rein them as with a bridle, which also did come to pass.
+
'''All kinds of examples''' of honesty are found in the histories, which indicate clearly that the empires, countries and cities are sustained by honesty of spirit and prowess of the fist, but that they dissolve and are undone by lazy inertia. The Assyrian Empire, which was the first empire in this world, did take its origin with king ''Ninus'' and by thirty-six kings was ruled in full honesty during one thousand two hundred and forty years. But on his accession their final king, ''Sardanapolus''<ref name="Assyria">Ninus: the legendary founder of Nineveh according to Ctesias (''Persica'', ca. 400 BC); Ctesias' Sardanapolus corresponds to Ashurbanipal (669 - 627 BC); Ctesias is a rather unreliable source by comparison with Herodotus and the Ptolemaic king list; but in any case knowledge on the Assyrian empire was very limited before the decipherment of cuneiform in the 1850s.</ref> ruled in such a way that under his rule sloth, lust of women, excessive eating and drinking, and gambling, became so rife that he drowned in these said vices, while honesty was in such low esteem that his own people grew disobedient and deserted him, and was divided in gangs and parties, and he was finally chased and exiled from his own empire, and thus by his negligent laziness, disrespect of knightly exercise and bad government, the Assyrian Empire came to its end with him. This king was often found in his women's quarters when he should have been dedicating himself to knighthood, and to please them he used to work the spindle. He had made costly preparation of his tomb before his death, and on it he ordered the following inscription [folio. 46.] '''''Sardanapolus Anecendarases. Ede, bibe, lude.'' which in German means this, Sardanapolus of Anecendarasis, eat, drink, play. In this the kind reader may well perceive what difference in success and failure there is between slothful and valiant lords. As Xerxes, king in Persia, re-conquered and brought into his power the city of Babylon after it had seceded from him, he considered how he could keep the great city of Babylon so that it would not secede from him again, and to this end he ordered that all Babylonian citizens and inhabitants may not carry any weapon, and may no longer exercise knightly sport, but he allowed them to visit the taverns and drink wine every night, to sing and whistle and also that they might have beautiful women, and might wear plaited dresses. All this he did with the intent of turning honest men into soft women, which indeed then did come to pass as they became used to pleasures, so that their manhood declined and thence he might rein them as with a bridle, which also did come to pass.
 
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'''That God''' must hate the slothful is evident from the example of Gideon, as God would have his glory and victory over the Midianites not by means of the slothful, of whom there were entire troops, but by the valiant, keen and expert, of whom there were hardly three hundred, and who brought the water to the mouth with their hands. Saint ''David'' praised God the almighty many times, so that he might lend him grace and strength, and that his fingers would be ready to make war on his enemies.<ref name="Psalm">Gideon: Judges 7:4-7; David: Psalm 144:1: "Blessed be the LORD my strength, which teacheth my hands to war, and my fingers to fight" (KJV).</ref> He also says how his help or hope are not in his sword, bow or arrow, but his hope is in the Lord. But for this he does not throw away his sword nor his arrow or bow, but he makes use of them as [instruments?] of God, by which God would show his glory, which example, then, is also appropriate to any pious and honest Christian fencer, namely that he remember to not spare his body in the time of need, for the faith and the true religion, against the Turks and infidels and for the freedom of the fatherland, for the protection and defense of widows and orphans, and that he should at all times employ the knightly art to such praiseworthy ends.
+
'''That God''' must hate the slothful is evident from the example of Gideon, as God would have his glory and victory over the Midianites not by means of the slothful, of whom there were entire troops, but by the valiant, keen and expert, of whom there were hardly three hundred, and who brought the water to the mouth with their hands. Saint ''David'' praised God the almighty many times, so that he might lend him grace and strength, and that his fingers would be ready to make war on his enemies.<ref name="Psalm">Gideon: Judges 7:4-7; David: Psalm 144:1: "Blessed be the LORD my strength, which teacheth my hands to war, and my fingers to fight" (KJV).</ref> He also says how his help or hope are not in his sword, bow or arrow, but his hope is in the Lord. But for this he does not throw away his sword nor his arrow or bow, but he makes use of them as [instruments?] '''of God, by which God would show his glory, which example, then, is also appropriate to any pious and honest Christian fencer, namely that he remember to not spare his body in the time of need, for the faith and the true religion, against the Turks and infidels and for the freedom of the fatherland, for the protection and defense of widows and orphans, and that he should at all times employ the knightly art to such praiseworthy ends.
 
| <p>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 015v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 016r.png|1|lbl=016r|p=1}}</p>
 
| <p>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 015v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 016r.png|1|lbl=016r|p=1}}</p>
 
| <p>{{section|Page:Cod.10825 014ar.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.10825 014av.png|1|lbl=014*v|p=1}}</p>
 
| <p>{{section|Page:Cod.10825 014ar.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.10825 014av.png|1|lbl=014*v|p=1}}</p>
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'''In this way, form and manner I have''' undertaken the knightly exercise of the sword, and did learn fencing with various weapons and properly tried it in various schools, and in it I did find such pleasure and love that I have undertaken to make this knightly honour-book. But what pains and labour I had with it throughout fully four years, every judicious reader of this book will well see and recognize; I did not allow myself to be put to shame by any cost, neither by pains nor labour that I did invest in it. I have included not without special reverence many old and new illustrated plays, which I have adopted from princes and lords, Jews and Christians and old fencing-masters. And much I had to purchase. From these I drew only the very best and most suitable to the art, and these said plays in all weapons as are contained in this book I let be practiced and fenced again and again by two brave and doughty fencers, who shared my desire and love for the knightly art, who did receive no small reward. And these same with all plays and articles I let be written down properly and assiduously, as is seen in each weapon and from play to play in this book (which is divided in two parts and equipped and adorned with additional very usable registers) [I am] in the certain hope that the proper lovers of this knightly art will put this knightly art-book to the best use and with grateful spirit shall be willing towards the Almighty for all well-being of body and soul, to which end I wish and desire for all honest and art-loving fencers the strength and the grace of God the Almighty.
+
'''In this way, form and manner I have''' undertaken the knightly exercise of the sword, and did learn fencing with various weapons and properly tried it in various schools, and in it I did find such pleasure and love that I have undertaken to make this knightly honour-book. But what pains and labour I had with it throughout fully four years, every judicious reader of this book will well see and recognize; I did not allow myself to be put to shame by any cost, neither by pains nor labour that I did invest in it. I have included not without special reverence many old and new illustrated plays, which I have adopted from princes and lords, Jews and Christians and old fencing-masters. And much I had to purchase. From these I drew only the very best and most suitable to the art, and these said plays in all weapons as are contained in this book I let be practiced and fenced again and again by two brave and doughty fencers, who shared my desire and love for the knightly art, who did receive no small reward. And these same with all plays and articles I let be written down properly and assiduously, as is seen in each weapon and from play to play in this book (which is divided in two parts and equipped and adorned with additional very usable registers) [I am] '''in the certain hope that the proper lovers of this knightly art will put this knightly art-book to the best use and with grateful spirit shall be willing towards the Almighty for all well-being of body and soul, to which end I wish and desire for all honest and art-loving fencers the strength and the grace of God the Almighty.
  
 
Amen.
 
Amen.
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! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Jürg Gassmann]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Jürg Gassmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Julia Gräf]] and [[Ingo Petri]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Julia Gräf]]and [[Ingo Petri]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}</p>
  
 
|-  
 
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| <p>The sword is the age-old main piece, which is also held in much knightly practice by Jews, heathens, and Christians, and in which even today mastery is attempted. For which [136] instances with much variety, breaks, and hews to the highest art are included, with poses and narrative.</p>
+
| <p>The sword is the age-old main piece, which is also held in much knightly practice by Jews, heathens, and Christians, and in which even today mastery is attempted. For which [136] '''instances with much variety, breaks, and hews to the highest art are included, with poses and narrative.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 016v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 016v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10825 015ar.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10825 015ar.png|2|lbl=-}}
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| <p>The short staff has its origin with the Romans and Persians, is used instead of the short spear (''Schäfflin'') and has [22] good instances in the book.</p>
+
| <p>The short staff has its origin with the Romans and Persians, is used instead of the short spear (''Schäfflin'') and has [22] '''good instances in the book.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 016v.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 016v.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10825 015ar.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10825 015ar.png|4|lbl=-}}
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|  
 
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| <p>Further weapon against weapon, as when one is overtaken without warning or unawares, in this book [36] serious and well thought-out plays.</p>
+
| <p>Further weapon against weapon, as when one is overtaken without warning or unawares, in this book [36] '''serious and well thought-out plays.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 017r.png|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 017r.png|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10825 015ar.png|10|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10825 015ar.png|10|lbl=-}}
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| <p>The dagger has its origin with the ancient Germans and is also referred to as "awl" in the law of Hermann the German King; in a tight spot it is a dangerous weapon, which takes a lively, courageous man and has many attacks which serve the preservation of life, of which [64] plays follow each other in this book.</p>
+
| <p>The dagger has its origin with the ancient Germans and is also referred to as "awl" in the law of Hermann the German King; in a tight spot it is a dangerous weapon, which takes a lively, courageous man and has many attacks which serve the preservation of life, of which [64] '''plays follow each other in this book.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 017v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 017v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10825 015av.png|1|lbl=015*v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10825 015av.png|1|lbl=015*v}}
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| <p>Then the fight with the buckler in the Italian<ref>“''Welsch''” refers to neighbouring peoples speaking a romance language, so it could mean French, Italian, Spanish or Romansh. The Cod. icon. 393 text translates to “Fencing on foot, in which we use round shields and Spanish swords, in the fashion of the Italians, is 56 plays”).</ref> fashion with the side-sword (''rappier''/''ensibus Hispanis''), this book has [56] instances.</p>
+
| <p>Then the fight with the buckler in the Italian<ref>“''Welsch''” refers to neighbouring peoples speaking a romance language, so it could mean French, Italian, Spanish or Romansh. The Cod. icon. 393 text translates to “Fencing on foot, in which we use round shields and Spanish swords, in the fashion of the Italians, is 56 plays”).</ref> fashion with the side-sword (''rappier''/''ensibus Hispanis''), this book has [56] '''instances.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 017v.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 017v.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10825 015av.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10825 015av.png|3|lbl=-}}
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|  
 
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|  
| <p>The fight in armour on foot has [86] instances.</p>
+
| <p>The fight in armour on foot has [86] '''instances.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 018r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 018r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10825 015av.png|7|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10825 015av.png|7|lbl=-}}
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|  
| <p>There are still many good plays regarding the fight and prove great manliness, that is the mounted fight, comprising [73] quite artful plays.</p>
+
| <p>There are still many good plays regarding the fight and prove great manliness, that is the mounted fight, comprising [73] '''quite artful plays.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 018r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 018r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10825 015av.png|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10825 015av.png|5|lbl=-}}
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| <p>'''The six vulnerabilities of the human body'''</p>
 
| <p>'''The six vulnerabilities of the human body'''</p>
  
<p>There are six vulnerabilities with every person, which every fencer shall have in good practice, memory and knowledge, that is one vulnerability on the tip of your chin, one in the front of your throat, one behind each elbow, one in front at the fist, one in the middle of the arm and in the back of each knee. So these are the six vulnerabilities of each human, which a practiced [fencer] can exploit from one advantage to the next, and can work from as he pleases.</p>
+
<p>There are six vulnerabilities with every person, which every fencer shall have in good practice, memory and knowledge, that is one vulnerability on the tip of your chin, one in the front of your throat, one behind each elbow, one in front at the fist, one in the middle of the arm and in the back of each knee. So these are the six vulnerabilities of each human, which a practiced [fencer] '''can exploit from one advantage to the next, and can work from as he pleases.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 019r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 019v.png|1|lbl=019v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 019r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 019v.png|1|lbl=019v|p=1}}
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|  
 
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|  
| <p>Assume one [fencer] not familiar with these six vulnerabilities, he will not achieve much, whereas otherwise he is able to artfully defeat an attacker by taking advantage of these six vulnerabilities.  These six vulnerabilities are to be sought on the right and on the left side of every person.</p>
+
| <p>Assume one [fencer] '''not familiar with these six vulnerabilities, he will not achieve much, whereas otherwise he is able to artfully defeat an attacker by taking advantage of these six vulnerabilities.  These six vulnerabilities are to be sought on the right and on the left side of every person.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 019v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 019v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]], [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]], and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]] Versions</p>
+
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]], [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]], and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]]Versions</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|start}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|start}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Anton Kohutovič]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Anton Kohutovič]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}</p><section end="Credits2"/>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}</p><section end="Credits2"/>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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| [[file:Mair longsword 001.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 001.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[1] The Zornhaw against the Thrust'''
+
[1] '''The Zornhaw against the Thrust'''
  
 
It happens that you stand with the Zornhaw (Wrath Strike) with the left foot forward. Then follow after with the right and hit him strongly from above to the left side. If he deflects this, then strike nimbly to the next opening.
 
It happens that you stand with the Zornhaw (Wrath Strike) with the left foot forward. Then follow after with the right and hit him strongly from above to the left side. If he deflects this, then strike nimbly to the next opening.
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| [[file:Mair longsword 002.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 002.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[2] The Krumphaw from Both Sides'''
+
[2] '''The Krumphaw from Both Sides'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, set the left foot forward and hold your sword with the point at your right side and remain hence standing in the Krumphaw (Crooked/Off-line strike). If he then strikes you from above to an opening, step outward with your right foot and give him a Krump to his right side and strike him at the nearest opening.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, set the left foot forward and hold your sword with the point at your right side and remain hence standing in the Krumphaw (Crooked/Off-line strike). If he then strikes you from above to an opening, step outward with your right foot and give him a Krump to his right side and strike him at the nearest opening.
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| [[file:Mair longsword 003.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 003.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[3] The Zwirchhaw from Both Sides'''
+
[3] '''The Zwirchhaw from Both Sides'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, stand with the right foot forward such that the short edge is wound towards you. Then follow outward with your left leg and strike the Zwirchhaw with crossed arms. If he displaces this, then wind in the weak and strike him long to the upper opening.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, stand with the right foot forward such that the short edge is wound towards you. Then follow outward with your left leg and strike the Zwirchhaw with crossed arms. If he displaces this, then wind in the weak and strike him long to the upper opening.
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| [[file:Mair longsword 004.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 004.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[4] The Schillerhaw (Squinting Strike) from Both Sides'''
+
[4] '''The Schillerhaw (Squinting Strike) from Both Sides'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, set your left leg out in front such that the short edge is wound under. Then step out with your right foot, wind your pommel beneath your right arm and set upon him with the point.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, set your left leg out in front such that the short edge is wound under. Then step out with your right foot, wind your pommel beneath your right arm and set upon him with the point.
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| [[file:Mair longsword 005.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 005.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[5] Schaitlerhaw (Vertex Strike)'''
+
[5] '''Schaitlerhaw (Vertex Strike)'''
  
 
Stand with the left leg in front and lift your sword above your head with extended arms (as in illustration). Then spring in towards him with the right foot and strike with the long edge directly to the top of his head. Then sink the point downward to his face or chest.
 
Stand with the left leg in front and lift your sword above your head with extended arms (as in illustration). Then spring in towards him with the right foot and strike with the long edge directly to the top of his head. Then sink the point downward to his face or chest.
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| [[file:Mair longsword 006.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 006.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[6] The Ochs from Both Sides'''
+
[6] '''The Ochs from Both Sides'''
  
 
It happens like this in the Ochs (Ox). Stand with the left foot forward and hold your sword with crosswise hands above your head. Then wind and step with your right foot to his right side. If he perceives this Upper Hanger, then strike in the Zwirchhaw with crossed arms.
 
It happens like this in the Ochs (Ox). Stand with the left foot forward and hold your sword with crosswise hands above your head. Then wind and step with your right foot to his right side. If he perceives this Upper Hanger, then strike in the Zwirchhaw with crossed arms.
Line 1,014: Line 1,014:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 007.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 007.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[7] The Pflug from Both Sides'''
+
[7] '''The Pflug from Both Sides'''
  
 
Step in towards the opponent with the right foot and hang the sword at your left side. Then drive up with the hilt over your head, step across with your left leg, and strike the Zwirch. If he perceives the Zwirch and displaces it, then spring across with your right leg and strike to the top of the head.
 
Step in towards the opponent with the right foot and hang the sword at your left side. Then drive up with the hilt over your head, step across with your left leg, and strike the Zwirch. If he perceives the Zwirch and displaces it, then spring across with your right leg and strike to the top of the head.
Line 1,035: Line 1,035:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 008.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 008.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[8] The Alber and the Guard Vom Tag'''
+
[8] '''The Alber and the Guard Vom Tag'''
  
 
Stand with your left foot forward with outstretched arms such that the point is directed at the ground and the short edge is up (Alber/Fool, at left of illustration). Then fly up with your sword with crossed arms in front of your head in the Versazung (Parry Position), step in with your right leg, and shove the point into the left side of his face.
 
Stand with your left foot forward with outstretched arms such that the point is directed at the ground and the short edge is up (Alber/Fool, at left of illustration). Then fly up with your sword with crossed arms in front of your head in the Versazung (Parry Position), step in with your right leg, and shove the point into the left side of his face.
Line 1,058: Line 1,058:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 009.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 009.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[9] The Strong and Weak with Which to Instantly Note Evenness'''
+
[9] '''The Strong and Weak with Which to Instantly Note Evenness'''
  
 
You stand with the right foot forward and bind his sword with your Schweche (weak). Then determine whether he is soft or hard at his sword. When he is soft at the sword drop down on his left side, step out with your left leg, and Zuck (yank) all hits you will throw at the opponent.
 
You stand with the right foot forward and bind his sword with your Schweche (weak). Then determine whether he is soft or hard at his sword. When he is soft at the sword drop down on his left side, step out with your left leg, and Zuck (yank) all hits you will throw at the opponent.
Line 1,075: Line 1,075:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 010.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 010.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[10] A Nachraisen (Traveling After) with a Cut'''
+
[10] '''A Nachraisen (Traveling After) with a Cut'''
  
 
You stand with your left foot forward in the Unterhau (Upward Strike) and he adheres to your hands from above (as in illustration). So step outward with your right foot and drop a Krump on him at your left side.
 
You stand with your left foot forward in the Unterhau (Upward Strike) and he adheres to your hands from above (as in illustration). So step outward with your right foot and drop a Krump on him at your left side.
Line 1,092: Line 1,092:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 011.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 011.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[11] Another Nachraisen'''
+
[11] '''Another Nachraisen'''
  
 
When you stand with your left foot forward, step outward with your right foot and strike from your right shoulder with an extended blow to his head.
 
When you stand with your left foot forward, step outward with your right foot and strike from your right shoulder with an extended blow to his head.
Line 1,111: Line 1,111:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 012.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 012.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[12] A Nachraisen with the Hangenden Ort'''
+
[12] '''A Nachraisen with the Hangenden Ort'''
  
 
Stand with your left foot forward and strike in from your left shoulder to the right side of his head.
 
Stand with your left foot forward and strike in from your left shoulder to the right side of his head.
Line 1,130: Line 1,130:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 013.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 013.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[13] Another Nachraisen'''
+
[13] '''Another Nachraisen'''
  
 
When you stand with your right foot forward hold your sword extended in front of your face such that the short edge stands towards you and step out with your left leg as you wind to his chest. If he displaces the point, then yank back and strike from above to the next opening.
 
When you stand with your right foot forward hold your sword extended in front of your face such that the short edge stands towards you and step out with your left leg as you wind to his chest. If he displaces the point, then yank back and strike from above to the next opening.
Line 1,149: Line 1,149:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 014.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 014.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[14] A Nachraisen from the Right Side'''
+
[14] '''A Nachraisen from the Right Side'''
  
 
You stand with your right foot forward and hold your sword at your chest with the point opposite his face (left side of illustration), then step in with your left leg and guard yourself with crossed arms in the Versazung (Parry/Ready Position). Then step outward with your right foot and strike high to his right side.
 
You stand with your right foot forward and hold your sword at your chest with the point opposite his face (left side of illustration), then step in with your left leg and guard yourself with crossed arms in the Versazung (Parry/Ready Position). Then step outward with your right foot and strike high to his right side.
Line 1,164: Line 1,164:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 015.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 015.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[15] A High and a Low Nachraisen'''
+
[15] '''A High and a Low Nachraisen'''
  
 
You stand with your left leg forward and your sword at your right chest with the long edge turned towards the opponent (as in illustration). Step in with your right leg, drop down on his left side and strike him there with your long edge.
 
You stand with your left leg forward and your sword at your right chest with the long edge turned towards the opponent (as in illustration). Step in with your right leg, drop down on his left side and strike him there with your long edge.
Line 1,181: Line 1,181:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 016.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 016.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[16] An Uberlauffen (Running Over) with a Sword Capture'''
+
[16] '''An Uberlauffen (Running Over) with a Sword Capture'''
  
 
You do an extended strike while stepping in with the right leg and he likewise strikes in high. Step outward with your left leg, wind your pommel to your right side in over his arm (Uberlauffen) and jerk inward to your right side so that you capture his sword (as in illustration).
 
You do an extended strike while stepping in with the right leg and he likewise strikes in high. Step outward with your left leg, wind your pommel to your right side in over his arm (Uberlauffen) and jerk inward to your right side so that you capture his sword (as in illustration).
Line 1,200: Line 1,200:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 017.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 017.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[17] An Uberlauffen with a Sword Capture'''
+
[17] '''An Uberlauffen with a Sword Capture'''
  
 
Step in with the right leg and strike him directly to the head, then follow outward with your left leg and strike to his right side.
 
Step in with the right leg and strike him directly to the head, then follow outward with your left leg and strike to his right side.
Line 1,219: Line 1,219:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 018.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 018.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[18] The Oberhaw with the Sword Capture'''
+
[18] '''The Oberhaw with the Sword Capture'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, set your right leg forward, follow outward with the right leg and strike long to his head.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, set your right leg forward, follow outward with the right leg and strike long to his head.
Line 1,238: Line 1,238:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 019.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 019.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[19] A High and a Low Thrust'''
+
[19] '''A High and a Low Thrust'''
  
 
Stand with your right foot forward and fire the point at the opponent from your left side to his chest. Should he perceive this thrust and displace it, then wind him the Zwirch with your left leg in, step with the left foot around to your right side and strike to his left ear.
 
Stand with your right foot forward and fire the point at the opponent from your left side to his chest. Should he perceive this thrust and displace it, then wind him the Zwirch with your left leg in, step with the left foot around to your right side and strike to his left ear.
Line 1,257: Line 1,257:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 020.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 020.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[20] A High Winding with an Oberhaw'''
+
[20] '''A High Winding with an Oberhaw'''
  
 
Stand with your right foot forward and strike to his upper opening.
 
Stand with your right foot forward and strike to his upper opening.
Line 1,276: Line 1,276:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 021.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 021.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[21] A High and a Low Einschiessen (Shooting In)'''
+
[21] '''A High and a Low Einschiessen (Shooting In)'''
  
 
So you stand with your right foot forward and he is opposite you with his left and shoots the point in against your face or chest. Strike high over his position to his head (as in illustration), then step outward with your left leg, hang and with that wind to the next opening.
 
So you stand with your right foot forward and he is opposite you with his left and shoots the point in against your face or chest. Strike high over his position to his head (as in illustration), then step outward with your left leg, hang and with that wind to the next opening.
Line 1,291: Line 1,291:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 022.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 022.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[22] A Thrust with the Pflug Abzunemen (Parry Position)'''
+
[22] '''A Thrust with the Pflug Abzunemen (Parry Position)'''
  
 
You stand with your left foot forward with arms extended in front of your face such that the point stands opposite your opponent. Then step outward with your right foot and wind the point into his face.
 
You stand with your left foot forward with arms extended in front of your face such that the point stands opposite your opponent. Then step outward with your right foot and wind the point into his face.
Line 1,310: Line 1,310:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 023.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 023.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[23] Two Thrusts from which One goes into Winding'''
+
[23] '''Two Thrusts from which One goes into Winding'''
  
 
You stand with the right foot forward and fire the point at the opponent (as in illustration). Then follow outward with your left leg and wind the point in the face or chest with extended arms. If he displaces this, then step backwards with your left leg and wind into the Prechfennster (Speaking Window) such that your hilt stands before your head.
 
You stand with the right foot forward and fire the point at the opponent (as in illustration). Then follow outward with your left leg and wind the point in the face or chest with extended arms. If he displaces this, then step backwards with your left leg and wind into the Prechfennster (Speaking Window) such that your hilt stands before your head.
Line 1,329: Line 1,329:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 024.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 024.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[24] A Durchlauffen (Run Through) with a Ringen (Grapple)'''
+
[24] '''A Durchlauffen (Run Through) with a Ringen (Grapple)'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, strike high to his head as you step inward with your right foot in front of his right. If he displaces this, then let your sword fall over behind your back, run your head through his right arm, grab with your right hand around his body towards his left side and with your left hand to the back of his right knee (as in illustration before dropping sword). Thus you throw him.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, strike high to his head as you step inward with your right foot in front of his right. If he displaces this, then let your sword fall over behind your back, run your head through his right arm, grab with your right hand around his body towards his left side and with your left hand to the back of his right knee (as in illustration before dropping sword). Thus you throw him.
Line 1,346: Line 1,346:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 025.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 025.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[25] A Zucken (Yank/Snatch) to Half Sword with a Thrust'''
+
[25] '''A Zucken (Yank/Snatch) to Half Sword with a Thrust'''
  
 
You stand with your left foot forward and hold your sword in front of your head with crossed arms, the point opposite his face (as in illustration), then step outward with your right foot and wind the point to his face or chest.
 
You stand with your left foot forward and hold your sword in front of your head with crossed arms, the point opposite his face (as in illustration), then step outward with your right foot and wind the point to his face or chest.
Line 1,365: Line 1,365:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 026.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 026.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[26] A Grappling at the Sword with a Throw'''
+
[26] '''A Grappling at the Sword with a Throw'''
  
 
You come to the opponent at the closing, so set your left leg between his feet, release the left hand from your sword, grab him below his left arm around his body towards his left side, and trap him at the hip and carry him away (as in illustration) or throw him from you onto his face.
 
You come to the opponent at the closing, so set your left leg between his feet, release the left hand from your sword, grab him below his left arm around his body towards his left side, and trap him at the hip and carry him away (as in illustration) or throw him from you onto his face.
Line 1,380: Line 1,380:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 027.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 027.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[27] A Thrust out of the Hacken (Leg Hook)'''
+
[27] '''A Thrust out of the Hacken (Leg Hook)'''
  
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, step in with your right foot and strike high to his head.
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, step in with your right foot and strike high to his head.
Line 1,399: Line 1,399:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 028.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 028.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[28] An Entry with a Grapple'''
+
[28] '''An Entry with a Grapple'''
  
 
You come to the closing with the opponent, so set your right leg forward and strike high and long to his head. Then release your left hand from your sword and set it on his right elbow, follow outward with your left leg and shove him away from you.
 
You come to the closing with the opponent, so set your right leg forward and strike high and long to his head. Then release your left hand from your sword and set it on his right elbow, follow outward with your left leg and shove him away from you.
Line 1,416: Line 1,416:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 029.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 029.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[29] [A Throw at the Sword]'''
+
[29] '''[A Throw at the Sword]'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent Zwirch high to his head with your long edge, then let your sword drop and grab between his arms with your right hand to his neck around on his right side. Then immediately step with your left leg behind his left and yank low towards yourself (as in illustration). With that throw him to your right side.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent Zwirch high to his head with your long edge, then let your sword drop and grab between his arms with your right hand to his neck around on his right side. Then immediately step with your left leg behind his left and yank low towards yourself (as in illustration). With that throw him to your right side.
Line 1,433: Line 1,433:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 030.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 030.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[30] An Uberlauffen with a Grapple'''
+
[30] '''An Uberlauffen with a Grapple'''
  
 
When you go to close with the opponent stand with your left foot forward and strike him with a Krump. Then follow outward with your right leg and Zwirch to the other side. Should he perceive your Zwirch and displace it, drop both your hands between his arms such that your right hand stands high on his hilt and pass your left hand under his right around to the pommel. With that pull him towards you.
 
When you go to close with the opponent stand with your left foot forward and strike him with a Krump. Then follow outward with your right leg and Zwirch to the other side. Should he perceive your Zwirch and displace it, drop both your hands between his arms such that your right hand stands high on his hilt and pass your left hand under his right around to the pommel. With that pull him towards you.
Line 1,448: Line 1,448:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 031.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 031.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[31] A Grapple with a Cut'''
+
[31] '''A Grapple with a Cut'''
  
 
When you go to close with the opponent stand with your right foot forward and strike him to the top of the head.
 
When you go to close with the opponent stand with your right foot forward and strike him to the top of the head.
Line 1,465: Line 1,465:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 032.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 032.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[32] An Underhaw with a Sword Capture'''
+
[32] '''An Underhaw with a Sword Capture'''
  
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, strike with the Underhaw (low strike) stepping forward with your right foot such that the long edge stands upwards, then follow outward with your left leg and shoot the point double to the face or chest. If he displaces the thrust, then drop down in the Underhaw such that your hilt stands before your head.
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, strike with the Underhaw (low strike) stepping forward with your right foot such that the long edge stands upwards, then follow outward with your left leg and shoot the point double to the face or chest. If he displaces the thrust, then drop down in the Underhaw such that your hilt stands before your head.
Line 1,482: Line 1,482:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 033.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 033.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[33] An Einfallen (Dropping In) with a Cut'''
+
[33] '''An Einfallen (Dropping In) with a Cut'''
  
 
You strike with the Windthaw (winding/turning strike) and then turn out of it into a low cut towards his right side.
 
You strike with the Windthaw (winding/turning strike) and then turn out of it into a low cut towards his right side.
Line 1,499: Line 1,499:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 034.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 034.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[34] A Cut through the Hand'''
+
[34] '''A Cut through the Hand'''
  
 
You come to the closing with the opponent, so set your right leg forward and from here you will strike to the high opening. Then immediately drop down and strike again low to his right side. If he displaces this, then step behind his right leg with your left and wind the Zwirch out to strike to his high opening such that your hilt stands in front of your head.
 
You come to the closing with the opponent, so set your right leg forward and from here you will strike to the high opening. Then immediately drop down and strike again low to his right side. If he displaces this, then step behind his right leg with your left and wind the Zwirch out to strike to his high opening such that your hilt stands in front of your head.
Line 1,514: Line 1,514:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 035.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 035.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[35] Two Cuts from Above and from Below'''
+
[35] '''Two Cuts from Above and from Below'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent stand with your right foot forward and strike him with the Wechsel (Changing strike). Then wind into the right Fligelhaw (Flying strike) such that your hilt stands in front of your head. Set upon him with the cut to his left side over both of his arms.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent stand with your right foot forward and strike him with the Wechsel (Changing strike). Then wind into the right Fligelhaw (Flying strike) such that your hilt stands in front of your head. Set upon him with the cut to his left side over both of his arms.
Line 1,531: Line 1,531:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 036.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 036.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[36] Two Lannge Orter (Longpoint) out of the Long Cut'''
+
[36] '''Two Lannge Orter (Longpoint) out of the Long Cut'''
  
 
When you come to the opponent step in with your right leg and strike him with your long edge to his right arm (as in illustration). If he displaces this, then wind into the Hanging Point such that the hilt stands in front of your head, step to your left side with your left foot and strike him with the Creizhaw (Crossing strike) to his right side with crossed arms.
 
When you come to the opponent step in with your right leg and strike him with your long edge to his right arm (as in illustration). If he displaces this, then wind into the Hanging Point such that the hilt stands in front of your head, step to your left side with your left foot and strike him with the Creizhaw (Crossing strike) to his right side with crossed arms.
Line 1,550: Line 1,550:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 037.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 037.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[37] A High Cut with the Schaitler'''
+
[37] '''A High Cut with the Schaitler'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent step forward with your left foot and strike a long one over both of his arms to his right side (as in illustration, though it shows the attack to the wrong side). Thus you may cut him low or high.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent step forward with your left foot and strike a long one over both of his arms to his right side (as in illustration, though it shows the attack to the wrong side). Thus you may cut him low or high.
Line 1,569: Line 1,569:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 038.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 038.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[38] Another High Cut'''
+
[38] '''Another High Cut'''
  
 
Stand with your left foot forward and strike a long one like this over both of his arms near his right ear (as in illustration). Then follow outward with your right foot and strike a Zwirch to his left side. If you have then struck the Zwirch, yank your sword free up over your head and make as if you will strike to the top of his head. Then immediately step with your left leg around to his right side and cut over his arm.
 
Stand with your left foot forward and strike a long one like this over both of his arms near his right ear (as in illustration). Then follow outward with your right foot and strike a Zwirch to his left side. If you have then struck the Zwirch, yank your sword free up over your head and make as if you will strike to the top of his head. Then immediately step with your left leg around to his right side and cut over his arm.
Line 1,586: Line 1,586:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 039.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 039.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[39] An Inverting Cut with an Ansezen (Set Upon)'''
+
[39] '''An Inverting Cut with an Ansezen (Set Upon)'''
  
 
When you both come together at the closing stand with your left foot forward and take care of the opening over his left arm with your cut and set upon him with the long edge such that the cross stands on his elbow. Then shove him away from you (as in illustration).
 
When you both come together at the closing stand with your left foot forward and take care of the opening over his left arm with your cut and set upon him with the long edge such that the cross stands on his elbow. Then shove him away from you (as in illustration).
Line 1,603: Line 1,603:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 040.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 040.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[40] Another Inverting Cut'''
+
[40] '''Another Inverting Cut'''
  
 
When you both come together at the closing take note of the level of the opening at his arm and set upon him with your long edge on his right shoulder and your cross below his right shoulder and with this shove him out in front of you.
 
When you both come together at the closing take note of the level of the opening at his arm and set upon him with your long edge on his right shoulder and your cross below his right shoulder and with this shove him out in front of you.
Line 1,620: Line 1,620:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 041.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 041.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[41] The First Cut from Below'''
+
[41] '''The First Cut from Below'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent pay attention to whether he seems high of low opposite you. If he goes high with his arms opposite you, then cut him from below. If he rather goes low with his arms opposite you, then cut him from above.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent pay attention to whether he seems high of low opposite you. If he goes high with his arms opposite you, then cut him from below. If he rather goes low with his arms opposite you, then cut him from above.
Line 1,635: Line 1,635:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 042.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 042.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[42] The Other Cut from Below'''
+
[42] '''The Other Cut from Below'''
  
 
When you both come together at the closing, take note of the openings at his body low and high. If he then strikes high towards your head, cut in from below through his arm (as in illustration).
 
When you both come together at the closing, take note of the openings at his body low and high. If he then strikes high towards your head, cut in from below through his arm (as in illustration).
Line 1,654: Line 1,654:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 043.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 043.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[43] A High Hanging from both Sides'''
+
[43] '''A High Hanging from both Sides'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, stand with your right foot forward and hold your sword on your right side with your hilt in front of your head (as in illustration). Follow outward with your left leg and wind your point into his face with crossed hands out of the Hanging.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, stand with your right foot forward and hold your sword on your right side with your hilt in front of your head (as in illustration). Follow outward with your left leg and wind your point into his face with crossed hands out of the Hanging.
Line 1,671: Line 1,671:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 044.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 044.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[44] Another High Hanging'''
+
[44] '''Another High Hanging'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, stand with your left foot forward with crossed arms such that your point hangs towards the ground on your left side (as in illustration). Step in with your right foot and wind your point into his face such that your hilt stands in front of your head.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, stand with your left foot forward with crossed arms such that your point hangs towards the ground on your left side (as in illustration). Step in with your right foot and wind your point into his face such that your hilt stands in front of your head.
Line 1,688: Line 1,688:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 045.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 045.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[45] The Prechfennster from Both Sides'''
+
[45] '''The Prechfennster from Both Sides'''
  
 
It happens like this in the Prechfennster (Speaking Window): stand with your right foot forward and hold your hilt in front of your head such that your thumbs are underneath, the point is high on your right side, and you look out at the opponent between your arms (as in left side of illustration). Drop the sword down on your right side as you step in with your left foot and strike him powerfully to the head.
 
It happens like this in the Prechfennster (Speaking Window): stand with your right foot forward and hold your hilt in front of your head such that your thumbs are underneath, the point is high on your right side, and you look out at the opponent between your arms (as in left side of illustration). Drop the sword down on your right side as you step in with your left foot and strike him powerfully to the head.
Line 1,705: Line 1,705:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 046.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 046.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[46] Two Windings with Similar Free Points'''
+
[46] '''Two Windings with Similar Free Points'''
  
 
It happens like this in the Winding: stand with your right foot forward such that your short edge is wound opposite of you with the point in the opponent’s face (as in illustration). Follow outward with your left leg, wind into the Krumphaw shooting the short edge over his sword and then strike to his head with your long edge.
 
It happens like this in the Winding: stand with your right foot forward such that your short edge is wound opposite of you with the point in the opponent’s face (as in illustration). Follow outward with your left leg, wind into the Krumphaw shooting the short edge over his sword and then strike to his head with your long edge.
Line 1,722: Line 1,722:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 047.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 047.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[47] Two Winding In at the Sword'''
+
[47] '''Two Winding In at the Sword'''
  
 
It happens like this with the Winding In: stand with your left foot forward and hold the short edge opposite the opponent with crossed hands with your left hand over your right arm (as in illustration). Wind through in the Rose and then immediately drop down at your left side, step in with your right leg and wind towards his face.
 
It happens like this with the Winding In: stand with your left foot forward and hold the short edge opposite the opponent with crossed hands with your left hand over your right arm (as in illustration). Wind through in the Rose and then immediately drop down at your left side, step in with your right leg and wind towards his face.
Line 1,737: Line 1,737:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 048.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 048.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[48] A Double Winding from which a Hanging Proceeds'''
+
[48] '''A Double Winding from which a Hanging Proceeds'''
  
 
It happens like this in the Winding: stand with your left foot forward and hold your sword with crossed arms with the flat at your left leg such that the point stands opposite the opponent (as in illustration). If he then intends to strike high towards your head, step in with your right leg with the hilt in front of your head to displace his strike. Then spring with your left leg behind his right and strike with the Creizhaw (Crossing Strike) to his head.  
 
It happens like this in the Winding: stand with your left foot forward and hold your sword with crossed arms with the flat at your left leg such that the point stands opposite the opponent (as in illustration). If he then intends to strike high towards your head, step in with your right leg with the hilt in front of your head to displace his strike. Then spring with your left leg behind his right and strike with the Creizhaw (Crossing Strike) to his head.  
Line 1,754: Line 1,754:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 049.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 049.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[49] A Winding Aside from both free Right Sides'''
+
[49] '''A Winding Aside from both free Right Sides'''
  
 
You come to the closing with the opponent in the Winding Aside and stand with your right foot forward (as in illustration). Follow outward with your left leg, wind the half edge downward, and shoot the long point into his face with extended arms.
 
You come to the closing with the opponent in the Winding Aside and stand with your right foot forward (as in illustration). Follow outward with your left leg, wind the half edge downward, and shoot the long point into his face with extended arms.
Line 1,775: Line 1,775:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 050.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 050.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[50] A Thrust out of the Word “Inndes” (Simultaneously)'''
+
[50] '''A Thrust out of the Word “Inndes” (Simultaneously)'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent and he fires his long point against your face or chest, step with your right leg opposite him and set the thrust aside with your long edge (as in illustration). If you have then set his thrust aside like this, wind quickly downward and change high again to the face. If he displaces this, then step in with your left leg and strike with crossed arms to his right ear from above.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent and he fires his long point against your face or chest, step with your right leg opposite him and set the thrust aside with your long edge (as in illustration). If you have then set his thrust aside like this, wind quickly downward and change high again to the face. If he displaces this, then step in with your left leg and strike with crossed arms to his right ear from above.
Line 1,790: Line 1,790:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 051.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 051.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[51] A Thrust against the Einschiessen (Shooting In)'''
+
[51] '''A Thrust against the Einschiessen (Shooting In)'''
  
 
Strike like this at the closing with the opponent: set your left leg forward and shoot in the point to his face or chest such that your half edge stands downward.
 
Strike like this at the closing with the opponent: set your left leg forward and shoot in the point to his face or chest such that your half edge stands downward.
Line 1,809: Line 1,809:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 052.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 052.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[52] A Thrust against a High Nachraisen (Traveling After)'''
+
[52] '''A Thrust against a High Nachraisen (Traveling After)'''
  
 
It happens like this when you come to the opponent: stand with your right foot forward such that your long edge is wound upward and the hilt is in front of your head. Then fire the point opposite his face or at his throat.
 
It happens like this when you come to the opponent: stand with your right foot forward such that your long edge is wound upward and the hilt is in front of your head. Then fire the point opposite his face or at his throat.
Line 1,828: Line 1,828:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 053.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 053.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[53] A Zucken from Both Sides'''
+
[53] '''A Zucken from Both Sides'''
  
 
Strike yourself into the Zucken like this such that your left foot stands forward and you strike to his right side with crossed arms (left side of illustration). Then immediately wind your sword at your right side, step in with your right foot, and strike yourself into the low Zucken such that your hilt stands in front of your head with your point opposite the opponent.
 
Strike yourself into the Zucken like this such that your left foot stands forward and you strike to his right side with crossed arms (left side of illustration). Then immediately wind your sword at your right side, step in with your right foot, and strike yourself into the low Zucken such that your hilt stands in front of your head with your point opposite the opponent.
Line 1,847: Line 1,847:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 054.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 054.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[54] A Zucken with Short and Long Edges'''
+
[54] '''A Zucken with Short and Long Edges'''
  
 
It happens like this in the Zucken: stand upright with both feet together and lift the sword across in front of you with outstretched arms such that the short edge stands opposite you (as in illustration). Then take the Fligel (Flying Strike) in from below from your left side, follow outward with your left leg, and strike to his right side.
 
It happens like this in the Zucken: stand upright with both feet together and lift the sword across in front of you with outstretched arms such that the short edge stands opposite you (as in illustration). Then take the Fligel (Flying Strike) in from below from your left side, follow outward with your left leg, and strike to his right side.
Line 1,864: Line 1,864:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 055.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 055.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[55] A Binding with a Sword Capture'''
+
[55] '''A Binding with a Sword Capture'''
  
 
When you both come together at the closing and the other has you in the bind, step forward with your left foot and grab with your left hand over his right to his pommel. Thus you may capture his sword.
 
When you both come together at the closing and the other has you in the bind, step forward with your left foot and grab with your left hand over his right to his pommel. Thus you may capture his sword.
Line 1,883: Line 1,883:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 056.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 056.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[56] A Krumb Aufsitzen (Set Upon) from Both Sides'''
+
[56] '''A Krumb Aufsitzen (Set Upon) from Both Sides'''
  
 
When you both come together at the closing and have each struck your swords in the weak, take note of his weak and set the Krumb upon his hand with your short edge with crossed hands such that your left foot stands forward (as in illustration).
 
When you both come together at the closing and have each struck your swords in the weak, take note of his weak and set the Krumb upon his hand with your short edge with crossed hands such that your left foot stands forward (as in illustration).
Line 1,900: Line 1,900:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 057.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 057.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[57] An Aufsitzen with an Einschiessen'''
+
[57] '''An Aufsitzen with an Einschiessen'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing and both have thrown the high strike and the other intends to set upon you, then set your right leg in front, follow outward with your left , set the short edge over his hands, and with that press directly downwards to the ground (as in illustration).
 
When you come together at the closing and both have thrown the high strike and the other intends to set upon you, then set your right leg in front, follow outward with your left , set the short edge over his hands, and with that press directly downwards to the ground (as in illustration).
Line 1,917: Line 1,917:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 058.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 058.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[58] The Underhaw with their Lower Uberlauffen'''
+
[58] '''The Underhaw with their Lower Uberlauffen'''
  
 
It happens like this in the lower Uberlauffen (Running Over): stand with your right foot forward and hold your sword in front of your face with extended arms such that the long edge stands high and the point is opposite the ground (as in illustration). Then follow inward with the left foot and strike from below to his right side with crossed arms.
 
It happens like this in the lower Uberlauffen (Running Over): stand with your right foot forward and hold your sword in front of your face with extended arms such that the long edge stands high and the point is opposite the ground (as in illustration). Then follow inward with the left foot and strike from below to his right side with crossed arms.
Line 1,936: Line 1,936:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 059.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 059.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[59] The Mittelhaw from Both Sides'''
+
[59] '''The Mittelhaw from Both Sides'''
  
 
Conduct yourself like this in the Mittelhaw (Middle Strike) such that your left foot stands forward and your sword is extended from your body on the right side (as in illustration). Follow outward with your right foot and strike quickly through in front of the opponent in the Sturzhaw (Plunging Strike). Then step in with the left leg and strike to his right ear. If he displaces this, then strike again quickly to his head.
 
Conduct yourself like this in the Mittelhaw (Middle Strike) such that your left foot stands forward and your sword is extended from your body on the right side (as in illustration). Follow outward with your right foot and strike quickly through in front of the opponent in the Sturzhaw (Plunging Strike). Then step in with the left leg and strike to his right ear. If he displaces this, then strike again quickly to his head.
Line 1,955: Line 1,955:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 060.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 060.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[60] A Feler at the Pflug upon Joining'''
+
[60] '''A Feler at the Pflug upon Joining'''
  
 
When you will strike the Feler (Feint), it happens as follows: stand with your left foot forward and hold your sword extended in front of you with outstretched arms such that the long edge stands below (as in left side of illustration). Follow outward with your right foot and let the Feler run double on your left side to his right.
 
When you will strike the Feler (Feint), it happens as follows: stand with your left foot forward and hold your sword extended in front of you with outstretched arms such that the long edge stands below (as in left side of illustration). Follow outward with your right foot and let the Feler run double on your left side to his right.
Line 1,972: Line 1,972:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 061.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 061.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[61] Two Openings from the Left Side'''
+
[61] '''Two Openings from the Left Side'''
  
 
Thus you both come together at the closing, so stand with your left foot forward and take note of his high opening. With that strike a long high one to the opening at his head.
 
Thus you both come together at the closing, so stand with your left foot forward and take note of his high opening. With that strike a long high one to the opening at his head.
Line 1,989: Line 1,989:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 062.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 062.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[62] Two Openings from the Right Side'''
+
[62] '''Two Openings from the Right Side'''
  
 
When you come before the opponent and stand with your right foot forward, take note of the opening at his right side with your long edge with extended arms.
 
When you come before the opponent and stand with your right foot forward, take note of the opening at his right side with your long edge with extended arms.
Line 2,010: Line 2,010:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 063.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 063.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[63] Feeling for the Weak and the Strong'''
+
[63] '''Feeling for the Weak and the Strong'''
  
 
You come together at the closing like this in the bind. Set your right foot forward and immediately determine whether he is soft or hard at his sword. If he is weak, then step in with your left foot and strike with crossed arms to his right ear. But if he is hard at his sword and holds strongly against you, then let the weak off and strike to his head.
 
You come together at the closing like this in the bind. Set your right foot forward and immediately determine whether he is soft or hard at his sword. If he is weak, then step in with your left foot and strike with crossed arms to his right ear. But if he is hard at his sword and holds strongly against you, then let the weak off and strike to his head.
Line 2,029: Line 2,029:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 064.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 064.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[64] Schrannkhut from Both Sides'''
+
[64] '''Schrannkhut from Both Sides'''
  
 
So you lie in the Schrannkhut (Barrier Guard) like this with extended arms such that your left foot stands forward and he strikes high towards your head. Follow outward with your right foot and take his strike away with your short edge and then strike high to the top of his head.
 
So you lie in the Schrannkhut (Barrier Guard) like this with extended arms such that your left foot stands forward and he strikes high towards your head. Follow outward with your right foot and take his strike away with your short edge and then strike high to the top of his head.
Line 2,050: Line 2,050:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 065.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 065.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[65] The Wechselhaw from Both Sides'''
+
[65] '''The Wechselhaw from Both Sides'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent and strike in the Wechsel (Changer), set your left foot forward and strike from below at his face such that the short edge stands high. Then step outward with your right foot and strike with the long edge to the right side of his head.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent and strike in the Wechsel (Changer), set your left foot forward and strike from below at his face such that the short edge stands high. Then step outward with your right foot and strike with the long edge to the right side of his head.
Line 2,070: Line 2,070:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 066.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 066.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[66] Two Positions from which the Einkiren Proceeds'''
+
[66] '''Two Positions from which the Einkiren Proceeds'''
  
 
If you will perform the Einkurn (Unicorn), it happens as follows: stand with your left foot forward and do an extended strike well out towards the ground (as in illustration). Then immediately Dopelier (double) out and release your left hand from your sword’s pommel, step outward with your right foot, grab with an inverted hand on the pommel such that your thumb stands high, and shoot the point to his face.
 
If you will perform the Einkurn (Unicorn), it happens as follows: stand with your left foot forward and do an extended strike well out towards the ground (as in illustration). Then immediately Dopelier (double) out and release your left hand from your sword’s pommel, step outward with your right foot, grab with an inverted hand on the pommel such that your thumb stands high, and shoot the point to his face.
Line 2,087: Line 2,087:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 067.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 067.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[67] High Abgenommen and Striking to the Opening'''
+
[67] '''High Abgenommen and Striking to the Opening'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing, stand with your left foot forward and strike to his high opening (as in illustration), then follow outward with your right leg, yank back your strike again, and with that quickly strike him once more high on the right side of his head. If he displaces this, then drive out at his sword’s blade with your sword such that you high Abgenomen (force it upward) and then stab to his face.
 
When you come together at the closing, stand with your left foot forward and strike to his high opening (as in illustration), then follow outward with your right leg, yank back your strike again, and with that quickly strike him once more high on the right side of his head. If he displaces this, then drive out at his sword’s blade with your sword such that you high Abgenomen (force it upward) and then stab to his face.
Line 2,104: Line 2,104:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 068.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 068.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[68] A Reissen (Snatching) with a Sword Capture'''
+
[68] '''A Reissen (Snatching) with a Sword Capture'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing and the other binds on the Schildt (shield), set your left foot forward and strike to his left side with your short edge.
 
When you come together at the closing and the other binds on the Schildt (shield), set your left foot forward and strike to his left side with your short edge.
Line 2,123: Line 2,123:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 069.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 069.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[69] The Wechsel from which the Thrust Proceeds'''
+
[69] '''The Wechsel from which the Thrust Proceeds'''
  
 
It happens like this in the Wechsel (Changer): stand with your left foot forward and strike with your sword out in front of his face such that your short edge stands high and then wind your sword at your left side with crossed hands and put the point in his face as you follow outward with your right leg. Thus the point comes in at him twice.
 
It happens like this in the Wechsel (Changer): stand with your left foot forward and strike with your sword out in front of his face such that your short edge stands high and then wind your sword at your left side with crossed hands and put the point in his face as you follow outward with your right leg. Thus the point comes in at him twice.
Line 2,140: Line 2,140:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 070.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 070.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[70] The Einkiren with an Absetzen'''
+
[70] '''The Einkiren with an Absetzen'''
  
 
When you come before the opponent, it happens like this in the Einkiren (Unicorn): stand with your left foot forward with arms inverted in front of your head such that the short edge stands below and the point is opposite the opponent (as in illustration). Follow outward with your right foot and with that stab your point to his face or chest. Then immediately wind into the Zwirch and strike to his right side with crossed hands.
 
When you come before the opponent, it happens like this in the Einkiren (Unicorn): stand with your left foot forward with arms inverted in front of your head such that the short edge stands below and the point is opposite the opponent (as in illustration). Follow outward with your right foot and with that stab your point to his face or chest. Then immediately wind into the Zwirch and strike to his right side with crossed hands.
Line 2,157: Line 2,157:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 071.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 071.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[71] A Right and a Left Thrust'''
+
[71] '''A Right and a Left Thrust'''
  
 
It happens like this in the left thrust: set your right foot forward and hold your sword over your head with extended arms such that the point stands to the rear (as in illustration). Then follow outward with your left leg and shoot the point to his face from your left to his right side. If he displaces this, wind into the Hanging Point and strike again at his left side.
 
It happens like this in the left thrust: set your right foot forward and hold your sword over your head with extended arms such that the point stands to the rear (as in illustration). Then follow outward with your left leg and shoot the point to his face from your left to his right side. If he displaces this, wind into the Hanging Point and strike again at his left side.
Line 2,174: Line 2,174:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 072.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 072.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[72] A Thrust to the Face out of the Bind'''
+
[72] '''A Thrust to the Face out of the Bind'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing and the other has bound at the swords, stand with your right foot forward in the bind, then follow outward with your left leg and strike to the high opening.
 
When you come together at the closing and the other has bound at the swords, stand with your right foot forward in the bind, then follow outward with your left leg and strike to the high opening.
Line 2,193: Line 2,193:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 073.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 073.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[73] A Position out of the Pflug against the Oberhaw'''
+
[73] '''A Position out of the Pflug against the Oberhaw'''
  
 
It happens like this: stand with your right foot forward with your sword flat such that the point is opposite the ground. If he then strikes the Oberhaw at you (as in illustration), step in front with your left leg and set his strike aside with crossed arms with the long edge, then stab to the left side of his face. Thus you wind into the Hanging Point.
 
It happens like this: stand with your right foot forward with your sword flat such that the point is opposite the ground. If he then strikes the Oberhaw at you (as in illustration), step in front with your left leg and set his strike aside with crossed arms with the long edge, then stab to the left side of his face. Thus you wind into the Hanging Point.
Line 2,210: Line 2,210:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 074.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 074.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[74] Two High Strikes to the Head'''
+
[74] '''Two High Strikes to the Head'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, set your left foot forward and immediately take note of the level of his strike. If he strikes high towards your head, step with your right foot behind your left and wind the hilt out in front of your head. Thus his strike goes aside on your flat. Then follow outward with your right foot and with that hit high to the top of his head.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, set your left foot forward and immediately take note of the level of his strike. If he strikes high towards your head, step with your right foot behind your left and wind the hilt out in front of your head. Thus his strike goes aside on your flat. Then follow outward with your right foot and with that hit high to the top of his head.
Line 2,227: Line 2,227:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 075.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 075.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[75] A Reissen with a Sword Capture'''
+
[75] '''A Reissen with a Sword Capture'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing, stand with your left leg in front and strike high to the right side of his head.
 
When you come together at the closing, stand with your left leg in front and strike high to the right side of his head.
Line 2,246: Line 2,246:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 076.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 076.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[76] A Reissen with a Throw'''
+
[76] '''A Reissen with a Throw'''
  
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, stand with your left foot forward and bind on his sword. If he holds strongly against you in the bind, then drop your pommel over his arm and with that snatch him towards you (as in illustration).
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, stand with your left foot forward and bind on his sword. If he holds strongly against you in the bind, then drop your pommel over his arm and with that snatch him towards you (as in illustration).
Line 2,265: Line 2,265:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 077.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 077.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[77] Two Entries from which Two Cuts Proceed'''
+
[77] '''Two Entries from which Two Cuts Proceed'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent it happens like this: set your right foot forward and strike a high one with the Sturzhaw (Plunging Cut) to his left side. Then follow outward with your left foot, grab your sword’s blade with your right hand near the Schildt, and cut through his face.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent it happens like this: set your right foot forward and strike a high one with the Sturzhaw (Plunging Cut) to his left side. Then follow outward with your left foot, grab your sword’s blade with your right hand near the Schildt, and cut through his face.
Line 2,280: Line 2,280:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 078.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 078.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[78] Two Einschiessen with their Points'''
+
[78] '''Two Einschiessen with their Points'''
  
 
You stand with the right foot forward and shoot the point at his left side such that your short edge is turned downwards with the hilt in front of your head. Then follow outward with your left leg and wind your short edge to his face or chest. If he displaces this, step back with your left foot and strike with the Zwirch to his left side.
 
You stand with the right foot forward and shoot the point at his left side such that your short edge is turned downwards with the hilt in front of your head. Then follow outward with your left leg and wind your short edge to his face or chest. If he displaces this, step back with your left foot and strike with the Zwirch to his left side.
Line 2,297: Line 2,297:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 079.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 079.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[79] A Sword Capture with a Cut'''
+
[79] '''A Sword Capture with a Cut'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent it happens like this: stand with the right foot forward and take note of the level of his strike. Then immediately cut to his head with the long edge (as in illustration).
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent it happens like this: stand with the right foot forward and take note of the level of his strike. Then immediately cut to his head with the long edge (as in illustration).
Line 2,316: Line 2,316:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 080.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 080.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[80] A Binding from which to Capture the Sword'''
+
[80] '''A Binding from which to Capture the Sword'''
  
 
You each have bound the other at the sword and you stand with your right foot forward (as in illustration). Wind your left arm over his right with the pommel, step with your left foot in front of his left, and with that turn to your right side. Thus you capture his sword.
 
You each have bound the other at the sword and you stand with your right foot forward (as in illustration). Wind your left arm over his right with the pommel, step with your left foot in front of his left, and with that turn to your right side. Thus you capture his sword.
Line 2,335: Line 2,335:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 081.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 081.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[81] An Inverting Thrust with a Throw'''
+
[81] '''An Inverting Thrust with a Throw'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, act as if you will strike high to his head. But then immediately release your left hand from your sword, grab behind his left knee, and yank towards you as you thrust high with your pommel towards his face.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, act as if you will strike high to his head. But then immediately release your left hand from your sword, grab behind his left knee, and yank towards you as you thrust high with your pommel towards his face.
Line 2,354: Line 2,354:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 082.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 082.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[82] A Face Thrust with a Similar Side Thrust'''
+
[82] '''A Face Thrust with a Similar Side Thrust'''
  
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, stand with the right foot forward and strike to his right arm. If he displaces this, then act as if you will strike him high but immediately thrust your pommel into his face (as in illustration).
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, stand with the right foot forward and strike to his right arm. If he displaces this, then act as if you will strike him high but immediately thrust your pommel into his face (as in illustration).
Line 2,373: Line 2,373:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 083.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 083.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[83] A Throw out of the Strong to the Weak'''
+
[83] '''A Throw out of the Strong to the Weak'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing and the other has you in the bind, let your sword fall, stand with your right foot forward, and thrust your head into his abdomen. At the same time sweep both of your hands behind his knees (as in illustration). Thus you may throw him on the back or outward over your head.
 
When you come together at the closing and the other has you in the bind, let your sword fall, stand with your right foot forward, and thrust your head into his abdomen. At the same time sweep both of your hands behind his knees (as in illustration). Thus you may throw him on the back or outward over your head.
Line 2,391: Line 2,391:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 084.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 084.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| '''[84] A Strike with a Verkerer (Inverter)'''
+
| '''[84] '''A Strike with a Verkerer (Inverter)'''
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing and he is opposite you, strike high to his head.
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing and he is opposite you, strike high to his head.
  
Line 2,409: Line 2,409:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 085.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 085.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[85] A Verkerer with an Ansetzen'''
+
[85] '''A Verkerer with an Ansetzen'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing stand with your right foot forward and strike with the Underhaw long to his left side such that your hilt stands in front of your head.
 
When you come together at the closing stand with your right foot forward and strike with the Underhaw long to his left side such that your hilt stands in front of your head.
Line 2,426: Line 2,426:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 086.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 086.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[86] An Ansezen with a Verkerer'''
+
[86] '''An Ansezen with a Verkerer'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing and the other has you in the bind and your left foot is set forward, release the left hand from your sword, set it upon his right elbow, and with that shove him backwards. Thus you spin him (as in illustration).
 
When you come together at the closing and the other has you in the bind and your left foot is set forward, release the left hand from your sword, set it upon his right elbow, and with that shove him backwards. Thus you spin him (as in illustration).
Line 2,441: Line 2,441:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 087.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 087.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[87] Another Ansetzen with a Nachraisen'''
+
[87] '''Another Ansetzen with a Nachraisen'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, stand with your right foot forward and strike with an Underhaw with your long edge from your left to his right side between both of his arms. Then immediately pivot to the rear so that you yank the sword back through his hands.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, stand with your right foot forward and strike with an Underhaw with your long edge from your left to his right side between both of his arms. Then immediately pivot to the rear so that you yank the sword back through his hands.
Line 2,458: Line 2,458:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 088.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 088.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[88] A Verkerer with a Cut'''
+
[88] '''A Verkerer with a Cut'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, set your right foot forward and strike high to his head.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, set your right foot forward and strike high to his head.
Line 2,479: Line 2,479:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 089.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 089.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[89] A Throw with the Point'''
+
[89] '''A Throw with the Point'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing it happens like this: stand with your left foot forward and strike a high one at the same time as him. Then immediately release your left hand from your pommel and grab your sword’s blade. Press his sword towards you with your hilt and set your point on his neck so that you can cut him (as in illustration). Then immediately press to your left side and lift his right foot upwards with your left. Thus you throw him with the point.  
 
When you come together at the closing it happens like this: stand with your left foot forward and strike a high one at the same time as him. Then immediately release your left hand from your pommel and grab your sword’s blade. Press his sword towards you with your hilt and set your point on his neck so that you can cut him (as in illustration). Then immediately press to your left side and lift his right foot upwards with your left. Thus you throw him with the point.  
Line 2,494: Line 2,494:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 090.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 090.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[90] A Cut with a Throw'''
+
[90] '''A Cut with a Throw'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing, stand with your right foot forward and bind on his sword. Then follow outward with your left, release your left hand from your pommel and grab at your half-blade, and set your long edge on his left shoulder over his chest. Thus you may cut him.
 
When you come together at the closing, stand with your right foot forward and bind on his sword. Then follow outward with your left, release your left hand from your pommel and grab at your half-blade, and set your long edge on his left shoulder over his chest. Thus you may cut him.
Line 2,511: Line 2,511:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 091.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 091.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[91] A Sword Capture with a Cut'''
+
[91] '''A Sword Capture with a Cut'''
  
 
It happens like this at the closing: stand with your right foot forward and strike a long high one to his head. If he displaces this and strikes inward at you as well, then release your left hand from your pommel; hold both swords together, and with that snatch to your left side. Thus you capture his sword.
 
It happens like this at the closing: stand with your right foot forward and strike a long high one to his head. If he displaces this and strikes inward at you as well, then release your left hand from your pommel; hold both swords together, and with that snatch to your left side. Thus you capture his sword.
Line 2,530: Line 2,530:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 092.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 092.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[92] An Uberfallen with a Cut'''
+
[92] '''An Uberfallen with a Cut'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing and the other binds you, stand with your left foot forward and at the same time feel whether he is soft or hard at his sword. If he is hard and holds strongly against you, hang and wind and strike strongly to his right side.
 
When you come together at the closing and the other binds you, stand with your left foot forward and at the same time feel whether he is soft or hard at his sword. If he is hard and holds strongly against you, hang and wind and strike strongly to his right side.
Line 2,547: Line 2,547:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 093.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 093.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[93] An Armlock with the Sword'''
+
[93] '''An Armlock with the Sword'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing, step with your left foot at his right side, release your left hand from your sword, grab over his cross to his pommel, and with that snatch upwards on your left side. Then follow outward with your right foot and strike to his high opening with your long edge.
 
When you come together at the closing, step with your left foot at his right side, release your left hand from your sword, grab over his cross to his pommel, and with that snatch upwards on your left side. Then follow outward with your right foot and strike to his high opening with your long edge.
Line 2,564: Line 2,564:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 094.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 094.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[94] An Einprechen with a Cut'''
+
[94] '''An Einprechen with a Cut'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing and the other has bound on the sword and your left foot is set forward, drop out of the bind into the cut from below to his left side.
 
When you come together at the closing and the other has bound on the sword and your left foot is set forward, drop out of the bind into the cut from below to his left side.
Line 2,581: Line 2,581:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 095.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 095.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[95] An Oberhaw with a Groin Thrust'''
+
[95] '''An Oberhaw with a Groin Thrust'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing and the other strikes in strongly in the Zornhaw (Wrath Strike), determine whether he is soft or hard at his sword. If he is soft against you, then cut to his head.
 
When you come together at the closing and the other strikes in strongly in the Zornhaw (Wrath Strike), determine whether he is soft or hard at his sword. If he is soft against you, then cut to his head.
Line 2,596: Line 2,596:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 096.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 096.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[96] An Oberhaw against the Cut from Below'''
+
[96] '''An Oberhaw against the Cut from Below'''
  
 
You come to the opponent at the closing thus: stand with your right foot forward and strike strongly with the Oberhaw to his head.
 
You come to the opponent at the closing thus: stand with your right foot forward and strike strongly with the Oberhaw to his head.
Line 2,617: Line 2,617:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 097.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 097.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[97] A Cut with a Snatch'''
+
[97] '''A Cut with a Snatch'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing and both strike in high at each other, stand with your right foot forward and take note of the cut in the striking. With that cut in over his chest.
 
When you come together at the closing and both strike in high at each other, stand with your right foot forward and take note of the cut in the striking. With that cut in over his chest.
Line 2,634: Line 2,634:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 098.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 098.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[98] A Verkerterhaw (Spinning/Inverting Strike)'''
+
[98] '''A Verkerterhaw (Spinning/Inverting Strike)'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing and each strike together with the Underhaw, come forward with your left foot and strike him from below from your right to his left side.
 
When you come together at the closing and each strike together with the Underhaw, come forward with your left foot and strike him from below from your right to his left side.
Line 2,653: Line 2,653:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 099.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 099.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[99] An Einprechen with a Cut'''
+
[99] '''An Einprechen with a Cut'''
  
 
So you come together at the closing and strike out like this against the other: stand with your left foot forward and take note of the Einprechen (entry) in the striking out.
 
So you come together at the closing and strike out like this against the other: stand with your left foot forward and take note of the Einprechen (entry) in the striking out.
Line 2,672: Line 2,672:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 100.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 100.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[100] Two Underhaw from Both Sides'''
+
[100] '''Two Underhaw from Both Sides'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing with the Underhaw, set your right leg in front and strike towards his left side (as in illustration).
 
When you come together at the closing with the Underhaw, set your right leg in front and strike towards his left side (as in illustration).
Line 2,693: Line 2,693:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 101.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 101.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[101] An Oberhaw with an Einschiessen'''
+
[101] '''An Oberhaw with an Einschiessen'''
  
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, stand with your left foot forward and strike the Oberhaw in strongly from above to his head. If he displaces your strike, wind your short edge on his neck and immediately strike quickly with crossed arms around to the right side of his head with the Zwirch.
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, stand with your left foot forward and strike the Oberhaw in strongly from above to his head. If he displaces your strike, wind your short edge on his neck and immediately strike quickly with crossed arms around to the right side of his head with the Zwirch.
Line 2,710: Line 2,710:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 102.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 102.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[102] A Throw at the Sword'''
+
[102] '''A Throw at the Sword'''
  
 
When you both strike in at the other strongly with the Zornhaw and each intend to displace high at his head, determine whether he is soft or hard at his sword. If he is soft and does not hold strongly against you, then wind your short edge at his left ear. If he displaces this, then immediately let your sword fall and stoop with your head between his legs, grab around both of his knees with your arms, and with that lift upwards. Thus you throw him or may carry him wherever you want (as in illustration).
 
When you both strike in at the other strongly with the Zornhaw and each intend to displace high at his head, determine whether he is soft or hard at his sword. If he is soft and does not hold strongly against you, then wind your short edge at his left ear. If he displaces this, then immediately let your sword fall and stoop with your head between his legs, grab around both of his knees with your arms, and with that lift upwards. Thus you throw him or may carry him wherever you want (as in illustration).
Line 2,725: Line 2,725:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 103.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 103.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[103] Another Throw at the Sword'''
+
[103] '''Another Throw at the Sword'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing and the other has you in the bind, stand with your right foot forward and immediately work quickly with him weak and strong and wind your pommel between his arms.
 
When you come together at the closing and the other has you in the bind, stand with your right foot forward and immediately work quickly with him weak and strong and wind your pommel between his arms.
Line 2,742: Line 2,742:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 104.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 104.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[104] The Sunnen Zaigen (showing the sun) with a Throw'''
+
[104] '''The Sunnen Zaigen (showing the sun) with a Throw'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing, stand with your left foot forward and hit from below at his left ear.
 
When you come together at the closing, stand with your left foot forward and hit from below at his left ear.
Line 2,759: Line 2,759:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 105.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 105.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[105] An Inside Armlock'''
+
[105] '''An Inside Armlock'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing and each hit together with high strikes, it happens like this: stand with your right foot forward and immediately let your sword fall. Then grab with your left hand on his right and with your right between both of his arms inside to his right elbow bend. Then turn yourself upwards on your left side to lock his arm (as in illustration).
 
When you come together at the closing and each hit together with high strikes, it happens like this: stand with your right foot forward and immediately let your sword fall. Then grab with your left hand on his right and with your right between both of his arms inside to his right elbow bend. Then turn yourself upwards on your left side to lock his arm (as in illustration).
Line 2,774: Line 2,774:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 106.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 106.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[106] An Outside Armlock'''
+
[106] '''An Outside Armlock'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing it happens like this: stand with your right foot forward and strike high with the Zwirch to his head.
 
When you come together at the closing it happens like this: stand with your right foot forward and strike high with the Zwirch to his head.
Line 2,791: Line 2,791:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 107.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 107.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[107] An Armlock with a Throw'''
+
[107] '''An Armlock with a Throw'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing, strike in the Schranckhut (Barrier Guard) on your right side such that your long edge stands high. Then step with your right foot behind his right such that the back of your right knee stands on his right.
 
When you come together at the closing, strike in the Schranckhut (Barrier Guard) on your right side such that your long edge stands high. Then step with your right foot behind his right such that the back of your right knee stands on his right.
Line 2,808: Line 2,808:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 108.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 108.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[108] An Underhaw with an Armlock'''
+
[108] '''An Underhaw with an Armlock'''
  
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, set your right foot forward and strike in the Underhaw. If he displaces this, step in front with your left leg and wind the point into his face.
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, set your right foot forward and strike in the Underhaw. If he displaces this, step in front with your left leg and wind the point into his face.
Line 2,827: Line 2,827:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 109.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 109.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[109] The First Technique in the Kron'''
+
[109] '''The First Technique in the Kron'''
  
 
It happens hence that you close against the Kron. Strike him with the long edge to the top of his head such that your right foot stands forward. If he displaces this with the Kron, then step in with your left leg, take your strike once again and wind your point to his chest. If he sets your point aside also with the Kron, follow outward with your right foot and grip with your left hand at the mid-point of your blade and thrust powerfully to his face. If he goes on to displace this, then step with your left foot on his right side and thrust to his groin.
 
It happens hence that you close against the Kron. Strike him with the long edge to the top of his head such that your right foot stands forward. If he displaces this with the Kron, then step in with your left leg, take your strike once again and wind your point to his chest. If he sets your point aside also with the Kron, follow outward with your right foot and grip with your left hand at the mid-point of your blade and thrust powerfully to his face. If he goes on to displace this, then step with your left foot on his right side and thrust to his groin.
Line 2,842: Line 2,842:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 110.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 110.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[110] The Cut through the Kron'''
+
[110] '''The Cut through the Kron'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent and he stands against you in the Kron, then stand with your left foot forward and strike him with an Underhau from your right side. With that Cut in through the Kron over his chest and over his right arm.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent and he stands against you in the Kron, then stand with your left foot forward and strike him with an Underhau from your right side. With that Cut in through the Kron over his chest and over his right arm.
Line 2,859: Line 2,859:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 111.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 111.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[111] Blowing through the Kron'''
+
[111] '''Blowing through the Kron'''
  
 
It happens hence at the closing on the Kron. Stand with your right foot forward and strike him with an Oberhau to the head. Follow with your left foot after the strike such that your crossguard comes on his blade with the long edge. Then immediately pull downwards so that you cut him through the top of the head.
 
It happens hence at the closing on the Kron. Stand with your right foot forward and strike him with an Oberhau to the head. Follow with your left foot after the strike such that your crossguard comes on his blade with the long edge. Then immediately pull downwards so that you cut him through the top of the head.
Line 2,878: Line 2,878:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 112.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 112.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[112] A Cut with an Uberfallen (dropping/falling over) from the Kron'''
+
[112] '''A Cut with an Uberfallen (dropping/falling over) from the Kron'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, set your left foot forward, follow with the right outward and strike with an Unterhau to his left side with crossed arms.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, set your left foot forward, follow with the right outward and strike with an Unterhau to his left side with crossed arms.
Line 2,895: Line 2,895:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 113.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 113.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[113] The First Kampfstuck of the Longsword'''
+
[113] '''The First Kampfstuck of the Longsword'''
  
 
When you close with the opponent, it happens consequently that you use this Kampfstuck. Stand with your right foot forward and grip your sword’s blade near the point with your left hand and wind your right extended forward with your pommel opposite his face. Follow with your left leg outward and thrust the pommel into his face. If he displaces this, take your pommel once more and wind back in at your right side. Then immediately stab the point into his face.
 
When you close with the opponent, it happens consequently that you use this Kampfstuck. Stand with your right foot forward and grip your sword’s blade near the point with your left hand and wind your right extended forward with your pommel opposite his face. Follow with your left leg outward and thrust the pommel into his face. If he displaces this, take your pommel once more and wind back in at your right side. Then immediately stab the point into his face.
Line 2,912: Line 2,912:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 114.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 114.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[114] The Second Kampfstuck of the Longsword'''
+
[114] '''The Second Kampfstuck of the Longsword'''
  
 
When you come at the opponent with this Kampfstuck, it happens hence as follows. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your sword on your right side. Grip your blade with your left hand with your point wound forward. Follow with your right foot outward and grab your blade with your right hand near to your left. Then immediately strike him with your pommel to his head.
 
When you come at the opponent with this Kampfstuck, it happens hence as follows. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your sword on your right side. Grip your blade with your left hand with your point wound forward. Follow with your right foot outward and grab your blade with your right hand near to your left. Then immediately strike him with your pommel to his head.
Line 2,927: Line 2,927:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 115.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 115.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[115] The Third Kampfstuck of the Longsword'''
+
[115] '''The Third Kampfstuck of the Longsword'''
  
 
When you go to close with the opponent such that your right foot stands forward, then wind your hand in front and grasp your sword by the blade. Then immediately strike him with your pommel to his upper opening and follow with your left leg outward so that the blow is struck properly. If you do not do this, the blow will be too short.
 
When you go to close with the opponent such that your right foot stands forward, then wind your hand in front and grasp your sword by the blade. Then immediately strike him with your pommel to his upper opening and follow with your left leg outward so that the blow is struck properly. If you do not do this, the blow will be too short.
Line 2,944: Line 2,944:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 116.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 116.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[116] The Fourth Kampstuck of the Longsword'''
+
[116] '''The Fourth Kampstuck of the Longsword'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing and both fire the points at each other’s chest, then stand with your left foot forward, step with the right outward, and strike with the pommel to his left ear.
 
When you come together at the closing and both fire the points at each other’s chest, then stand with your left foot forward, step with the right outward, and strike with the pommel to his left ear.
Line 2,965: Line 2,965:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 117.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 117.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[117] The Fifth Kampfstuck of the Longsword'''
+
[117] '''The Fifth Kampfstuck of the Longsword'''
  
 
It happens hence that you stand in the Kampfstuck with your left foot forward and hold your sword behind your neck such that the point stands against the opponent. Step out with your right leg and grip with our right hand to your left on your sword blade and strike him with the pommel to his neck.
 
It happens hence that you stand in the Kampfstuck with your left foot forward and hold your sword behind your neck such that the point stands against the opponent. Step out with your right leg and grip with our right hand to your left on your sword blade and strike him with the pommel to his neck.
Line 2,984: Line 2,984:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 118.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 118.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[118] The Sixth Kampfstuck of the Longsword'''
+
[118] '''The Sixth Kampfstuck of the Longsword'''
  
 
It happens hence that you stand with this Kampfstuck with your left leg forward and hold your sword at your chest such that the point is directed downwards. Step in with your right foot and wind your point to his face or chest.
 
It happens hence that you stand with this Kampfstuck with your left leg forward and hold your sword at your chest such that the point is directed downwards. Step in with your right foot and wind your point to his face or chest.
Line 3,003: Line 3,003:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 119.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 119.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[119] The Seventh Kampfstuck of the Longsword'''
+
[119] '''The Seventh Kampfstuck of the Longsword'''
  
 
It happens hence that you stand in this Kampfstuck with your left foot forward and hold the sword in the manner of the Pflug, and grip with your left hand on your blade such that the point stands against the opponent. Step outward with your right foot, lift up powerfully over your head, and with that thrust at him in whatever opening you see.
 
It happens hence that you stand in this Kampfstuck with your left foot forward and hold the sword in the manner of the Pflug, and grip with your left hand on your blade such that the point stands against the opponent. Step outward with your right foot, lift up powerfully over your head, and with that thrust at him in whatever opening you see.
Line 3,022: Line 3,022:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 120.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 120.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[120] The Eighth Kampfstuck of the Longsword'''
+
[120] '''The Eighth Kampfstuck of the Longsword'''
  
 
It happens consequently that you stand in the Kampfstuck with both feet together and hold your sword with your right hand above your head and the left on your blade such that the point is directed downwards. Step in with your left leg and wind the point to his groin.
 
It happens consequently that you stand in the Kampfstuck with both feet together and hold your sword with your right hand above your head and the left on your blade such that the point is directed downwards. Step in with your left leg and wind the point to his groin.
Line 3,039: Line 3,039:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 121.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 121.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[121] '''
+
[121] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 061r.png|German|lbl=061r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 061r.png|German|lbl=061r}}
Line 3,050: Line 3,050:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 122.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 122.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[122] '''
+
[122] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 061v.png|German|lbl=061v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 061v.png|German|lbl=061v}}
Line 3,061: Line 3,061:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 123.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 123.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[123] '''
+
[123] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 062r.png|German|lbl=062r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 062r.png|German|lbl=062r}}
Line 3,072: Line 3,072:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 124.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 124.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[124] '''
+
[124] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 062v.png|German|lbl=062v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 062v.png|German|lbl=062v}}
Line 3,083: Line 3,083:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 125.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 125.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[125] '''
+
[125] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 063r.png|German|lbl=063r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 063r.png|German|lbl=063r}}
Line 3,094: Line 3,094:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 126.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 126.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[126] '''
+
[126] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 063v.png|German|lbl=063v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 063v.png|German|lbl=063v}}
Line 3,105: Line 3,105:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 127.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 127.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[127] '''
+
[127] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 064r.png|German|lbl=064r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 064r.png|German|lbl=064r}}
Line 3,116: Line 3,116:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 128.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 128.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[128] '''
+
[128] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 064v.png|German|lbl=064v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 064v.png|German|lbl=064v}}
Line 3,127: Line 3,127:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 129.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 129.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[129] '''
+
[129] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 065r.png|German|lbl=065r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 065r.png|German|lbl=065r}}
Line 3,138: Line 3,138:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 130.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 130.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[130] '''
+
[130] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 065v.png|German|lbl=065v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 065v.png|German|lbl=065v}}
Line 3,149: Line 3,149:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 131.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 131.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[131] '''
+
[131] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 066r.png|German|lbl=066r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 066r.png|German|lbl=066r}}
Line 3,160: Line 3,160:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 132.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 132.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[132] '''
+
[132] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 066v.png|German|lbl=066v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 066v.png|German|lbl=066v}}
Line 3,171: Line 3,171:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 133.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 133.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[133] '''
+
[133] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 067r.png|German|lbl=067r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 067r.png|German|lbl=067r}}
Line 3,182: Line 3,182:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 134.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 134.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[134] '''
+
[134] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 067v.png|German|lbl=067v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 067v.png|German|lbl=067v}}
Line 3,193: Line 3,193:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 135.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 135.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[135] '''
+
[135] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 068r.png|German|lbl=068r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 068r.png|German|lbl=068r}}
Line 3,204: Line 3,204:
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 136.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair longsword 136.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[136] '''
+
[136] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 068v.png|German|lbl=068v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 068v.png|German|lbl=068v}}
Line 3,218: Line 3,218:
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Version]]</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}</p><section end="Credits2"/>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}</p><section end="Credits2"/>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 3,228: Line 3,228:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 13.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 13.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[137] A Taking of the Sword with a Throw'''
+
[137] '''A Taking of the Sword with a Throw'''
  
 
When you are in the approach with your right foot standing forward, then step in toward the man with your left leg behind his right and cut toward his head with your long edge. At that moment, move your left hand from your grip to your sword blade. With that, wind the short edge on the left side of his neck. If you then stand with your right foot against him and he has confined<ref name="einengen">Choosing to read this as equivalent to modern German ''einengen''. “Trapped” as a translation for ''eineinden'' follows from this choice. Buyer beware.</ref> you like this, then plant the cross and shield of your sword under his left arm and briskly shove it upwards. Thus you take his trap<ref name="einengen"/> away. At that moment, grab the pommel of his sword with your inverted left hand and turn it well upwards. Thus you wind the sword out of his hands, and you may also be able to throw him.
 
When you are in the approach with your right foot standing forward, then step in toward the man with your left leg behind his right and cut toward his head with your long edge. At that moment, move your left hand from your grip to your sword blade. With that, wind the short edge on the left side of his neck. If you then stand with your right foot against him and he has confined<ref name="einengen">Choosing to read this as equivalent to modern German ''einengen''. “Trapped” as a translation for ''eineinden'' follows from this choice. Buyer beware.</ref> you like this, then plant the cross and shield of your sword under his left arm and briskly shove it upwards. Thus you take his trap<ref name="einengen"/> away. At that moment, grab the pommel of his sword with your inverted left hand and turn it well upwards. Thus you wind the sword out of his hands, and you may also be able to throw him.
Line 3,241: Line 3,241:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 14.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 14.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[138] A Planting which Proceeds from a Throw'''
+
[138] '''A Planting which Proceeds from a Throw'''
  
 
When you are in the approach with your left foot standing forward, then follow in after with your right leg inside of his left. In the same instant, cut to the left side of his head with your long edge. If he moves to strike a cut from above at you like this, and you are standing with your left foot toward him, then cut to the left side of his head with your long edge to oppose him, thereby taking away his cut on your left side. At that moment, cut him from his right side upon his left so that your short edge on his sword blade comes close to his grip. Next, let your left hand go from your pommel and take hold of your blade with inverted hand and plant it on the left side of his neck. Wrench to your left side, and thus you may be able to throw him over your left leg. If he has planted upon your neck like this and wishes to throw you, then quickly let your right hand go from your grip and plant it on his left elbow. Now strongly shove away from you and kick him in the ankle with your right foot around his left. With this, pull towards you below and shove away from you above. Thus, you throw him backwards.
 
When you are in the approach with your left foot standing forward, then follow in after with your right leg inside of his left. In the same instant, cut to the left side of his head with your long edge. If he moves to strike a cut from above at you like this, and you are standing with your left foot toward him, then cut to the left side of his head with your long edge to oppose him, thereby taking away his cut on your left side. At that moment, cut him from his right side upon his left so that your short edge on his sword blade comes close to his grip. Next, let your left hand go from your pommel and take hold of your blade with inverted hand and plant it on the left side of his neck. Wrench to your left side, and thus you may be able to throw him over your left leg. If he has planted upon your neck like this and wishes to throw you, then quickly let your right hand go from your grip and plant it on his left elbow. Now strongly shove away from you and kick him in the ankle with your right foot around his left. With this, pull towards you below and shove away from you above. Thus, you throw him backwards.
Line 3,254: Line 3,254:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 15.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 15.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[139] A Throw with the Sword'''
+
[139] '''A Throw with the Sword'''
  
 
If you stand in the approach with your right foot toward the man, then step in after with your left leg and cut to the left side of his head. If he is coming in at you in the approach with his left leg toward you and has taken your cut away, then transfer your left hand from your pommel to the sword blade and place it on the left side of his neck. Wrench him with this on your right side. If he has set strongly upon you like this, then allow your sword to quickly fall away and set your right hand outside on his left elbow and shove it away from you. If he has taken away your planting, then let your right hand go from your handle and grab his left knee and lift it up high. If he has seized you in this way and intends to throw you, then grab his right hand with your left and push it down, thereby taking it away. In the same instant, hit him in the ankle with your left foot around his left. Pull that strongly toward you while you pull his right hand to you with your left and also push him strongly away from you above with your right hand, thus you throw him backwards.
 
If you stand in the approach with your right foot toward the man, then step in after with your left leg and cut to the left side of his head. If he is coming in at you in the approach with his left leg toward you and has taken your cut away, then transfer your left hand from your pommel to the sword blade and place it on the left side of his neck. Wrench him with this on your right side. If he has set strongly upon you like this, then allow your sword to quickly fall away and set your right hand outside on his left elbow and shove it away from you. If he has taken away your planting, then let your right hand go from your handle and grab his left knee and lift it up high. If he has seized you in this way and intends to throw you, then grab his right hand with your left and push it down, thereby taking it away. In the same instant, hit him in the ankle with your left foot around his left. Pull that strongly toward you while you pull his right hand to you with your left and also push him strongly away from you above with your right hand, thus you throw him backwards.
Line 3,273: Line 3,273:
 
|-   
 
|-   
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]] Versions</p>
+
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]]and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]]Versions</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|Start}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|Start}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 3,285: Line 3,285:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[1] The Zornhaw against the Schaitler'''
+
[1] '''The Zornhaw against the Schaitler'''
  
 
When you proceed to close with the opponent, stand with your left foot forward and it happens like this with the Zornhaw. Hold your Duseggen with extended arm above your head on the right side such that the point hangs to the rear (left side of illustration), strike with the Zornhaw to the left side of his head, immediately follow outward with your right foot, and thrust to the right side of his face.
 
When you proceed to close with the opponent, stand with your left foot forward and it happens like this with the Zornhaw. Hold your Duseggen with extended arm above your head on the right side such that the point hangs to the rear (left side of illustration), strike with the Zornhaw to the left side of his head, immediately follow outward with your right foot, and thrust to the right side of his face.
Line 3,302: Line 3,302:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[2] The Underhaw from Both Sides'''
+
[2] '''The Underhaw from Both Sides'''
  
 
It happens that you stand in the Underhaw with your right foot forward and hold your Duseggen with the hilt in front of your head and the point extended towards the opponent (shown left side of illustration). Immediately follow outward with your left leg and strike with the Zwirch to the right side of his head. If he displaces the Zwirch, pull the blow back completely and strike again to his right arm.
 
It happens that you stand in the Underhaw with your right foot forward and hold your Duseggen with the hilt in front of your head and the point extended towards the opponent (shown left side of illustration). Immediately follow outward with your left leg and strike with the Zwirch to the right side of his head. If he displaces the Zwirch, pull the blow back completely and strike again to his right arm.
Line 3,319: Line 3,319:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[3] The Bogen from Both Sides'''
+
[3] '''The Bogen from Both Sides'''
  
 
So you come to the opponent at the closing and it happens that you stand in the Bogen (bow) with your right foot forward such that your long edge is turned upward and your point is extended towards the opponent (shown in illustration). Immediately follow outward with your left leg and strike to his right elbow from below. If he displaces this, step with your right foot in front of and inside his right foot and strike to his head from above.
 
So you come to the opponent at the closing and it happens that you stand in the Bogen (bow) with your right foot forward such that your long edge is turned upward and your point is extended towards the opponent (shown in illustration). Immediately follow outward with your left leg and strike to his right elbow from below. If he displaces this, step with your right foot in front of and inside his right foot and strike to his head from above.
Line 3,336: Line 3,336:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[4] Two Absetzen from Both Sides'''
+
[4] '''Two Absetzen from Both Sides'''
  
 
When you go to close with the opponent, it happens that you stand in the Absetzen (Set Aside/Parry Position) with your right foot forward and hold the Duseggen at your right chest. Immediately follow outward with your left leg and strike to his right arm from below.
 
When you go to close with the opponent, it happens that you stand in the Absetzen (Set Aside/Parry Position) with your right foot forward and hold the Duseggen at your right chest. Immediately follow outward with your left leg and strike to his right arm from below.
Line 3,355: Line 3,355:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[5] The Zwingerhaw with the Schrankhut'''
+
[5] '''The Zwingerhaw with the Schrankhut'''
  
 
You come to the opponent at the closing and it happens that you stand in the Zwingerhaw (Swinging Strike) with your right foot forward and your Duseggen at your left shoulder (left side of illustration). Immediately follow outward with your left leg and strike his right arm. Thus you swing in so that he must displace (move out of the way).
 
You come to the opponent at the closing and it happens that you stand in the Zwingerhaw (Swinging Strike) with your right foot forward and your Duseggen at your left shoulder (left side of illustration). Immediately follow outward with your left leg and strike his right arm. Thus you swing in so that he must displace (move out of the way).
Line 3,373: Line 3,373:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[6] The Entrusthaw against the Oberhaw'''
+
[6] '''The Entrusthaw against the Oberhaw'''
  
 
It happens that you stand in the Entrusthaw (Anger Strike) with your left foot forward and hold your Duseggen with the hilt at your right knee such that the point is turned towards the opponent (left side of illustration). He then strikes to your upper opening, so follow outward with your right foot and go with your Duseggen up over your head so that the long edge is turned upward and his strike is displaced. Then immediately strike quickly with the Zwirch to his right ear.
 
It happens that you stand in the Entrusthaw (Anger Strike) with your left foot forward and hold your Duseggen with the hilt at your right knee such that the point is turned towards the opponent (left side of illustration). He then strikes to your upper opening, so follow outward with your right foot and go with your Duseggen up over your head so that the long edge is turned upward and his strike is displaced. Then immediately strike quickly with the Zwirch to his right ear.
Line 3,392: Line 3,392:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[7] A Low Mundiern with a Geferhaw'''
+
[7] '''A Low Mundiern with a Geferhaw'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, it happens that you stand in the low Mundiern (transition/changer) with your right foot forward, the long edge below the hilt near your right knee such that the point is going in between your legs. Immediately go up and follow outward with your left leg such that your long edge is turned upward and the point directed at the opponent. Follow outward with your right foot once again and strike with the long edge to his head.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, it happens that you stand in the low Mundiern (transition/changer) with your right foot forward, the long edge below the hilt near your right knee such that the point is going in between your legs. Immediately go up and follow outward with your left leg such that your long edge is turned upward and the point directed at the opponent. Follow outward with your right foot once again and strike with the long edge to his head.
Line 3,409: Line 3,409:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[8] Two Positions from which the Creizhaw Proceeds'''
+
[8] '''Two Positions from which the Creizhaw Proceeds'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing, it happens with these positions: your right foot is set forward, your Duseggen held with the hilt near your right knee with your left hand behind near the point (left side of illustration). He then strikes to your opening from above, so go up with your Duseggen above your head such that your left foot is set forward. Thus his strike is displaced. Then immediately strike with a doubled Creuzhaw (Cross Strike) to his head.
 
When you come together at the closing, it happens with these positions: your right foot is set forward, your Duseggen held with the hilt near your right knee with your left hand behind near the point (left side of illustration). He then strikes to your opening from above, so go up with your Duseggen above your head such that your left foot is set forward. Thus his strike is displaced. Then immediately strike with a doubled Creuzhaw (Cross Strike) to his head.
Line 3,426: Line 3,426:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[9] Perceiving the Weak and Strong'''
+
[9] '''Perceiving the Weak and Strong'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing, set your right foot forward and strike him in opposition in the bind. Perceive whether he is soft or hard with his Duseggen. If he is hard and holds against you strongly, follow outward with your left leg and allow the weak to quickly pass and strike his head on his right side.
 
When you come together at the closing, set your right foot forward and strike him in opposition in the bind. Perceive whether he is soft or hard with his Duseggen. If he is hard and holds against you strongly, follow outward with your left leg and allow the weak to quickly pass and strike his head on his right side.
Line 3,445: Line 3,445:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[10] A Cut with a Reyssen'''
+
[10] '''A Cut with a Reyssen'''
  
 
When you come before the opponent, it happens that you stand with your right foot forward, your Duseggen extended well away from you, and cut to his head.
 
When you come before the opponent, it happens that you stand with your right foot forward, your Duseggen extended well away from you, and cut to his head.
Line 3,464: Line 3,464:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 11.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 11.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[11] Two Cuts from Above'''
+
[11] '''Two Cuts from Above'''
  
 
It happens that you stand in the cut from above with your right foot forward and do an extended cut from above low on his right arm. Should he perceive this cut, then grip the back of your Duseggen with your left hand, jerk out and cut him with the strong away from you.
 
It happens that you stand in the cut from above with your right foot forward and do an extended cut from above low on his right arm. Should he perceive this cut, then grip the back of your Duseggen with your left hand, jerk out and cut him with the strong away from you.
Line 3,481: Line 3,481:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 12.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 12.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[12] An Einschiessen against the Kron'''
+
[12] '''An Einschiessen against the Kron'''
  
 
It happens like this with the Einschiessen (shooting in). Set your right foot forward and shoot the point to his face or chest with an extended arm.
 
It happens like this with the Einschiessen (shooting in). Set your right foot forward and shoot the point to his face or chest with an extended arm.
Line 3,500: Line 3,500:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 13.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 13.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[13] A Schaitelhaw with an Abnemen'''
+
[13] '''A Schaitelhaw with an Abnemen'''
  
 
When you come to close with the opponent, the Schaitelhaw (Vertex Strike) happens like this: stand with your right foot forward and strike with an extended arm to his head.
 
When you come to close with the opponent, the Schaitelhaw (Vertex Strike) happens like this: stand with your right foot forward and strike with an extended arm to his head.
Line 3,520: Line 3,520:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 14.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 14.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[14] A Cut from Below with a Zwirchhaw'''
+
[14] '''A Cut from Below with a Zwirchhaw'''
  
 
It happens at the closing that you stand in the cut from below with your left foot forward and make as if you will strike him from above. Then immediately grip with your left hand forward on the Duseggen and turn into the cut from below to his right arm.
 
It happens at the closing that you stand in the cut from below with your left foot forward and make as if you will strike him from above. Then immediately grip with your left hand forward on the Duseggen and turn into the cut from below to his right arm.
Line 3,540: Line 3,540:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 15.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 15.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[15] A Cut from Above with an Absezen'''
+
[15] '''A Cut from Above with an Absezen'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent it happens that you stand with your right foot forward in the cut from above and strike with an extended Oberhaw to his head. Then with that cut him to his face.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent it happens that you stand with your right foot forward in the cut from above and strike with an extended Oberhaw to his head. Then with that cut him to his face.
Line 3,559: Line 3,559:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 16.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 16.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[16] A Zornhaw against a Cut from Above'''
+
[16] '''A Zornhaw against a Cut from Above'''
  
 
It happens that you step in with your right foot with the Zornhaw and strike him powerfully to the head from above.  
 
It happens that you step in with your right foot with the Zornhaw and strike him powerfully to the head from above.  
Line 3,580: Line 3,580:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 17.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 17.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[17] A Verkerer (Turner/Inverter) with a Doubled Oberhaw'''
+
[17] '''A Verkerer (Turner/Inverter) with a Doubled Oberhaw'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent it happens that you stand with your left foot forward and strike him double from above. Then as soon as you perceive his Duseggen, follow outward with your right leg, grip with your left hand to his right shoulder and shove him away from you so that you turn him (as in illustration).
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent it happens that you stand with your left foot forward and strike him double from above. Then as soon as you perceive his Duseggen, follow outward with your right leg, grip with your left hand to his right shoulder and shove him away from you so that you turn him (as in illustration).
Line 3,597: Line 3,597:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 18.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 18.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[18] A Zwirchhaw against the Krumphaw'''
+
[18] '''A Zwirchhaw against the Krumphaw'''
  
 
It happens like this with the Zwirchhaw. Step in with the left leg and strike him with an extended Zwirchhaw to the right side of his head.
 
It happens like this with the Zwirchhaw. Step in with the left leg and strike him with an extended Zwirchhaw to the right side of his head.
Line 3,621: Line 3,621:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 19.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 19.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[19] A Throw out of the Hacken'''
+
[19] '''A Throw out of the Hacken'''
  
 
It happens at the closing that you strike in towards him with a long extended Oberhaw.
 
It happens at the closing that you strike in towards him with a long extended Oberhaw.
Line 3,642: Line 3,642:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 20.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 20.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[20] The Alber vom Tag against the Wechselhaw from Below'''
+
[20] '''The Alber vom Tag against the Wechselhaw from Below'''
  
 
It happens that you stand in the Alber vom Tag (Fool’s from the Roof) with both feet together, your Duseggen above your head such that the point hangs to the rear. Then immediately step in with your right leg and take the thrust behind your head from your left side to his right side.
 
It happens that you stand in the Alber vom Tag (Fool’s from the Roof) with both feet together, your Duseggen above your head such that the point hangs to the rear. Then immediately step in with your right leg and take the thrust behind your head from your left side to his right side.
Line 3,661: Line 3,661:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 21.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 21.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[21] An Armpruch against an Einschiessen'''
+
[21] '''An Armpruch against an Einschiessen'''
  
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, step in with your right foot and strike a long one from above to his head. If he intends to displace this, then strike in the Windhaw (Turning Strike), step with your right leg to the rear, and strike his right arm.
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, step in with your right foot and strike a long one from above to his head. If he intends to displace this, then strike in the Windhaw (Turning Strike), step with your right leg to the rear, and strike his right arm.
Line 3,682: Line 3,682:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 22.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 22.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[22] A Doppelhaw against the Winding'''
+
[22] '''A Doppelhaw against the Winding'''
  
 
It happens like this in the Doppelhaw (Double Strike): stand with your right foot forward and strike with the short edge to his head.
 
It happens like this in the Doppelhaw (Double Strike): stand with your right foot forward and strike with the short edge to his head.
Line 3,703: Line 3,703:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 23.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 23.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[23] An Absetzen against a Cut'''
+
[23] '''An Absetzen against a Cut'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, it happens that you step in with your left foot and strike from below to his right elbow. If he intends to displace this, step backwards with your left foot and strike his left side with a doubled Creizhaw.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, it happens that you step in with your left foot and strike from below to his right elbow. If he intends to displace this, step backwards with your left foot and strike his left side with a doubled Creizhaw.
Line 3,720: Line 3,720:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 24.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 24.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[24] The Two High Rhuor of the Duseggen'''
+
[24] '''The Two High Rhuor of the Duseggen'''
  
 
When you come before the opponent at the closing, it happens like this with the first upper Rhuor: step in with your right foot towards him and strike to his head. If he displaces this, then follow outward with your left leg and strike to his right arm.
 
When you come before the opponent at the closing, it happens like this with the first upper Rhuor: step in with your right foot towards him and strike to his head. If he displaces this, then follow outward with your left leg and strike to his right arm.
Line 3,739: Line 3,739:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 25.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 25.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[25] A False Point (thrust) against a Verhawnen Wechsel'''
+
[25] '''A False Point (thrust) against a Verhawnen Wechsel'''
  
 
It happens at the closing that you set your right foot forward and strike out with your Duseggen against the ground in front of your right foot (shown on left side of illustration). Then immediately step outward with your left foot and go up with your Duseggen and wind your point behind your head from your left side at the right side of his face.
 
It happens at the closing that you set your right foot forward and strike out with your Duseggen against the ground in front of your right foot (shown on left side of illustration). Then immediately step outward with your left foot and go up with your Duseggen and wind your point behind your head from your left side at the right side of his face.
Line 3,758: Line 3,758:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 26.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 26.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[26] The Zwirchhaw from Both Sides'''
+
[26] '''The Zwirchhaw from Both Sides'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, it happens like this with the Zwirchhaw: step in towards him with your right foot and strike with the Zwirchhaw from your right shoulder to his right side.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, it happens like this with the Zwirchhaw: step in towards him with your right foot and strike with the Zwirchhaw from your right shoulder to his right side.
Line 3,777: Line 3,777:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 27.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 27.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[27] A Cut with a Duseggen Capture'''
+
[27] '''A Cut with a Duseggen Capture'''
  
 
It happens like this at the closing in the cut: stand with your left foot forward and take heed of his strike. If he then strikes towards you from above, go at him with an upward cut to his right side and during the cut grab with your left hand inside over his right arm such that his Duseggen is between your arms (as in illustration). Thus you can capture his Duseggen. Then immediately step with your right foot in front of his right and turn to his right side. Thus you lock his arm.
 
It happens like this at the closing in the cut: stand with your left foot forward and take heed of his strike. If he then strikes towards you from above, go at him with an upward cut to his right side and during the cut grab with your left hand inside over his right arm such that his Duseggen is between your arms (as in illustration). Thus you can capture his Duseggen. Then immediately step with your right foot in front of his right and turn to his right side. Thus you lock his arm.
Line 3,792: Line 3,792:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 28.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 28.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[28] The Guard vom Tag and the Bogen from which a Throw Proceeds'''
+
[28] '''The Guard vom Tag and the Bogen from which a Throw Proceeds'''
  
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, step in towards him with your right foot and it happens that you are in the guard vom Tag (from the Roof) with your arm extended well up over your head, your long edge turned upward and the point hanging to the rear. Then immediately turn your point into his face or chest. If he displaces this, step in with your left leg and strike with the Zwirch to his right arm. If he further displaces you, then strike with a Schaitel to his head.
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, step in towards him with your right foot and it happens that you are in the guard vom Tag (from the Roof) with your arm extended well up over your head, your long edge turned upward and the point hanging to the rear. Then immediately turn your point into his face or chest. If he displaces this, step in with your left leg and strike with the Zwirch to his right arm. If he further displaces you, then strike with a Schaitel to his head.
Line 3,811: Line 3,811:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 29.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 29.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[29] A Duseggen Capture with a Throw'''
+
[29] '''A Duseggen Capture with a Throw'''
  
 
It happens with this technique that you stand with your left foot forward and hit him with strikes from above. When you then come to him, step in with your right foot and strike out with the Krumphaw to the left side of his head.  
 
It happens with this technique that you stand with your left foot forward and hit him with strikes from above. When you then come to him, step in with your right foot and strike out with the Krumphaw to the left side of his head.  
Line 3,830: Line 3,830:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 30.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 30.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[30] The Luginslannd against a Throw'''
+
[30] '''The Luginslannd against a Throw'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, it then happens like this in the Luginslannd (Watchtower): step in with your left leg and hold your Duseggen above your head such that the long edge is turned upward and the point is directed at the opponent. Then immediately step in with your right leg and thrust your point to his face. If he displaces this, strike with the long edge to his head.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, it then happens like this in the Luginslannd (Watchtower): step in with your left leg and hold your Duseggen above your head such that the long edge is turned upward and the point is directed at the opponent. Then immediately step in with your right leg and thrust your point to his face. If he displaces this, strike with the long edge to his head.
Line 3,849: Line 3,849:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 31.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 31.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[31] A Schaitler against the Bogen'''
+
[31] '''A Schaitler against the Bogen'''
  
 
It happens that you close with this technique: you freely strike in towards him long and high in the Schaitelhaw (Vertex Strike). Thus you come to him and then step in with your left leg and shoot the short edge to his face. If he displaces this thrust, let a double Feler pass, follow inward with your right leg and strike from above to the right side of his head.
 
It happens that you close with this technique: you freely strike in towards him long and high in the Schaitelhaw (Vertex Strike). Thus you come to him and then step in with your left leg and shoot the short edge to his face. If he displaces this thrust, let a double Feler pass, follow inward with your right leg and strike from above to the right side of his head.
Line 3,868: Line 3,868:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 32.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 32.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[32] A Duseggen Capture with an Armpruch'''
+
[32] '''A Duseggen Capture with an Armpruch'''
  
 
It happens at the closing that you step in with your left leg and strike with a doubled strike to his head. If he displaces this, then follow outward with your right leg and Zwirch to his right side. If he further displaces this, then set your left leg at his right side as you wind your Duseggen into the left side of his face such that the long edge stands above.
 
It happens at the closing that you step in with your left leg and strike with a doubled strike to his head. If he displaces this, then follow outward with your right leg and Zwirch to his right side. If he further displaces this, then set your left leg at his right side as you wind your Duseggen into the left side of his face such that the long edge stands above.
Line 3,887: Line 3,887:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 33.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 33.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[33] Two Tie-ups from which a Throw Proceeds'''
+
[33] '''Two Tie-ups from which a Throw Proceeds'''
  
 
It happens consequently at the closing that you step in with your left foot and strike from below to his left side. If he displaces this, Schill and Schaitel him at the right side of his head. Then immediately follow with your right leg outward and wind your point to his face or chest.
 
It happens consequently at the closing that you step in with your left foot and strike from below to his left side. If he displaces this, Schill and Schaitel him at the right side of his head. Then immediately follow with your right leg outward and wind your point to his face or chest.
Line 3,908: Line 3,908:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 34.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 34.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[34] Two Tie-ups with their Points'''
+
[34] '''Two Tie-ups with their Points'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, step in with your right foot and hit towards him with strikes from above. Then immediately shoot the short edge to his face or chest. If he sets this aside, strike double from above to his head and from above double up (duplier) beneath him. Then immediately step in with your left leg and strike from below to his right arm.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, step in with your right foot and hit towards him with strikes from above. Then immediately shoot the short edge to his face or chest. If he sets this aside, strike double from above to his head and from above double up (duplier) beneath him. Then immediately step in with your left leg and strike from below to his right arm.
Line 3,925: Line 3,925:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 35.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 35.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[35] The Sunnen Zaigen (showing the sun) with a Throw'''
+
[35] '''The Sunnen Zaigen (showing the sun) with a Throw'''
  
 
It happens at the closing that you step into him with your right foot and Schill and Schaitel him short and long to the head. If he displaces this, then set your right leg to the rear and thrust your point to his face.
 
It happens at the closing that you step into him with your right foot and Schill and Schaitel him short and long to the head. If he displaces this, then set your right leg to the rear and thrust your point to his face.
Line 3,942: Line 3,942:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 36.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 36.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[36] A Zornhaw against a Lanngen Ort'''
+
[36] '''A Zornhaw against a Lanngen Ort'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, step into him with your left leg and hold your Duseggen above your head with extended arm at your right side such that the point hangs to the rear and the long edge is turned upward (left side of illustration). Then immediately follow outward with your right leg and strike with the Zornhaw double to the right side of his head. If he displaces this, then thrust your point to his face or chest.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, step into him with your left leg and hold your Duseggen above your head with extended arm at your right side such that the point hangs to the rear and the long edge is turned upward (left side of illustration). Then immediately follow outward with your right leg and strike with the Zornhaw double to the right side of his head. If he displaces this, then thrust your point to his face or chest.
Line 3,959: Line 3,959:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 37.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 37.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[37] The Ochs against the Bogen'''
+
[37] '''The Ochs against the Bogen'''
  
 
It happens like this in this technique with the Ochs: stand with both feet together and hold your Duseggen away from you with an extended arm such that the point is directed at the opponent and the long edge is turned upward (left side of illustration). Then immediately step in with your right leg and strike with the Zwirch at his left side with the short edge. If he displaces this, then spring with your left foot at his right side and strike long from above to his head.
 
It happens like this in this technique with the Ochs: stand with both feet together and hold your Duseggen away from you with an extended arm such that the point is directed at the opponent and the long edge is turned upward (left side of illustration). Then immediately step in with your right leg and strike with the Zwirch at his left side with the short edge. If he displaces this, then spring with your left foot at his right side and strike long from above to his head.
Line 3,976: Line 3,976:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 38.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 38.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[38] An Ubergeen with a Verkertenhaw against the Half Kron'''
+
[38] '''An Ubergeen with a Verkertenhaw against the Half Kron'''
  
 
It happens that you come before the opponent at the closing with this technique: stand with your body turned so that your face is directed at him and your Duseggen stands above your head with an extended arm and the long edge upward (shown on left side of illustration). Then immediately go over (Ubergang) and step in with your right foot and strike with a pivoting strike (Verkertenhaw) to his head. If he displaces this, then follow after him double with thrust and with strikes.
 
It happens that you come before the opponent at the closing with this technique: stand with your body turned so that your face is directed at him and your Duseggen stands above your head with an extended arm and the long edge upward (shown on left side of illustration). Then immediately go over (Ubergang) and step in with your right foot and strike with a pivoting strike (Verkertenhaw) to his head. If he displaces this, then follow after him double with thrust and with strikes.
Line 3,993: Line 3,993:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 39.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 39.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[39] Two Tie-ups from which a Throw Proceeds'''
+
[39] '''Two Tie-ups from which a Throw Proceeds'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, position yourself with this technique: step in with your left foot into the guard vom Tag. Then immediately go out of the guard vom Tag with your point towards his face, follow outward with your right foot and wind at your right side with your hilt above your head into a good position. Then spring with your left foot well at his right side and Zwirch him short and long to the head. If he displaces your Zwirch, then strike quickly to his right arm.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, position yourself with this technique: step in with your left foot into the guard vom Tag. Then immediately go out of the guard vom Tag with your point towards his face, follow outward with your right foot and wind at your right side with your hilt above your head into a good position. Then spring with your left foot well at his right side and Zwirch him short and long to the head. If he displaces your Zwirch, then strike quickly to his right arm.
Line 4,012: Line 4,012:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 40.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 40.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[40] An Ansetzen (Set Upon) with a Cut against the Kron'''
+
[40] '''An Ansetzen (Set Upon) with a Cut against the Kron'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, step in with your left foot and strike wrathfully to his head. If he displaces this, then hang, wind and thrust to his face. Then immediately step in with your right leg and change through (Durchwechsel) at his left side, and in the change through strike him double to his right side. If he further displaces this, then change through from his left to his right side with a Creizhaw and strike to his right arm.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent, step in with your left foot and strike wrathfully to his head. If he displaces this, then hang, wind and thrust to his face. Then immediately step in with your right leg and change through (Durchwechsel) at his left side, and in the change through strike him double to his right side. If he further displaces this, then change through from his left to his right side with a Creizhaw and strike to his right arm.
Line 4,031: Line 4,031:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 41.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 41.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[41]'''  
+
[41]'''  
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 117r.png|German|lbl=117r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 117r.png|German|lbl=117r}}
Line 4,042: Line 4,042:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 42.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 42.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[42]'''  
+
[42]'''  
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 117v.png|German|lbl=117v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 117v.png|German|lbl=117v}}
Line 4,053: Line 4,053:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 43.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 43.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[43]'''  
+
[43]'''  
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 118r.png|German|lbl=118r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 118r.png|German|lbl=118r}}
Line 4,064: Line 4,064:
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 44.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dussack 44.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[44]'''  
+
[44]'''  
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 118v.png|German|lbl=118v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 118v.png|German|lbl=118v}}
Line 4,078: Line 4,078:
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Version]]</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 4,088: Line 4,088:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 17.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 17.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[45] The Point against the Crown'''
+
[45] '''The Point against the Crown'''
  
 
Present yourself like so in this piece with the approach: Step in there with your right leg and shoot the point of your dussack high over both his arms into his face. If you are then in the approach with your left leg coming in there toward him, and he is thrusting at your face like this, then go up in the Crown with your dussack, with your left hand forward by the point and with that take away his thrust to your right side. In that instant, release your left hand from your dussack out of the Crown and cut at him from your right side toward his face. If he cuts at your face like this, then go against his cut with the long edge and take it away on your left side. In the same moment, let the weak of your dussack fall away and step in with your right leg and cut toward his right arm. In that instant, pull back away from him.
 
Present yourself like so in this piece with the approach: Step in there with your right leg and shoot the point of your dussack high over both his arms into his face. If you are then in the approach with your left leg coming in there toward him, and he is thrusting at your face like this, then go up in the Crown with your dussack, with your left hand forward by the point and with that take away his thrust to your right side. In that instant, release your left hand from your dussack out of the Crown and cut at him from your right side toward his face. If he cuts at your face like this, then go against his cut with the long edge and take it away on your left side. In the same moment, let the weak of your dussack fall away and step in with your right leg and cut toward his right arm. In that instant, pull back away from him.
Line 4,101: Line 4,101:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 18.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 18.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[46] A Dussack Hold'''
+
[46] '''A Dussack Hold'''
  
Follow this piece in the approach like so: If he is coming in against you with his right leg and stands in the Bow, and you also stand with your right leg toward him, then snatch hold of his dussack with your left hand, [catching it] close to the point. Turn it toward your left side, and in the same moment step in with your left leg and cut toward his head with your long edge. If he has seized your dussack like this and cuts from above at you, then come to the aid of your right hand with your left on the handle of your dussack. Wind it out of his left hand. In the same moment, step in the parrying with your left leg to his right side in a triangle and quickly cut toward his right arm.
+
Follow this piece in the approach like so: If he is coming in against you with his right leg and stands in the Bow, and you also stand with your right leg toward him, then snatch hold of his dussack with your left hand, [catching it] '''close to the point. Turn it toward your left side, and in the same moment step in with your left leg and cut toward his head with your long edge. If he has seized your dussack like this and cuts from above at you, then come to the aid of your right hand with your left on the handle of your dussack. Wind it out of his left hand. In the same moment, step in the parrying with your left leg to his right side in a triangle and quickly cut toward his right arm.
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 112v.png|German|lbl=112v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 112v.png|German|lbl=112v}}
Line 4,114: Line 4,114:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 19.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 19.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[47] A Throw with the Dussack'''
+
[47] '''A Throw with the Dussack'''
  
 
If both of you have come together in the approach and have bound with each other, then stand with your right foot forward and wind the handle of your dussack over his right arm. Once you have wound over his arm like this, then quickly step behind his right with your left leg and go around his neck with the point of your dussack, and then grab hold of your point with your left hand. In that moment, quickly and strongly pull it toward you. Thus you throw him backwards over your left leg.
 
If both of you have come together in the approach and have bound with each other, then stand with your right foot forward and wind the handle of your dussack over his right arm. Once you have wound over his arm like this, then quickly step behind his right with your left leg and go around his neck with the point of your dussack, and then grab hold of your point with your left hand. In that moment, quickly and strongly pull it toward you. Thus you throw him backwards over your left leg.
Line 4,127: Line 4,127:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 20.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 20.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[48] A High Planting with a Throw'''
+
[48] '''A High Planting with a Throw'''
  
 
Present yourself like so in this piece with the approach: Step in to him with your right leg and cut to his head with your long edge. If he cuts at you from above like this, and you stand with your left leg toward him, then rush to oppose his cut with your dussack. With that, take away his cut on your left side and push hard away from you. In the same instant, wind over his dussack with your long edge and plant your dussack on his neck so that you have the dussack in both hands. Now, hit him in the ankle with your left foot around his right and strongly pull him toward you; above, strongly push him away from you with your dussack at his neck. Thus, you throw him backwards.
 
Present yourself like so in this piece with the approach: Step in to him with your right leg and cut to his head with your long edge. If he cuts at you from above like this, and you stand with your left leg toward him, then rush to oppose his cut with your dussack. With that, take away his cut on your left side and push hard away from you. In the same instant, wind over his dussack with your long edge and plant your dussack on his neck so that you have the dussack in both hands. Now, hit him in the ankle with your left foot around his right and strongly pull him toward you; above, strongly push him away from you with your dussack at his neck. Thus, you throw him backwards.
Line 4,140: Line 4,140:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 21.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 21.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[49] A High and Low Planting'''
+
[49] '''A High and Low Planting'''
  
 
When you come in to the approach with your left leg, and you are in a high cut with your dussack in the air, then step in to him with your right leg and cut outside and from above toward his right arm. If he cuts at you from above like this, and you stand against him in a low cut, then step in with your right leg and quickly cut him outside and from below toward his right arm. If you have planted upon him from below like this, then pull your dussack down and cut above to his head with your long edge. If he cuts high to you like this, then move to oppose his cut with your dussack, taking it away on your right side. In the same moment, leap to his right side with your left leg in a triangle and shove your point at his face. Cut back away from him.
 
When you come in to the approach with your left leg, and you are in a high cut with your dussack in the air, then step in to him with your right leg and cut outside and from above toward his right arm. If he cuts at you from above like this, and you stand against him in a low cut, then step in with your right leg and quickly cut him outside and from below toward his right arm. If you have planted upon him from below like this, then pull your dussack down and cut above to his head with your long edge. If he cuts high to you like this, then move to oppose his cut with your dussack, taking it away on your right side. In the same moment, leap to his right side with your left leg in a triangle and shove your point at his face. Cut back away from him.
Line 4,153: Line 4,153:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 22.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 22.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[50] Taking Away Two High Cuts with the Dagger'''
+
[50] '''Taking Away Two High Cuts with the Dagger'''
  
 
When you are in the approach, follow this piece like so: Step in with your right leg and cut high at his head with your long edge. If he cuts at you from above like this, and you stand with your left leg toward him, then move to oppose his dussack with your dagger, parrying his cut with the cross of your dagger. In the same moment, cut toward his head with your dussack, as he did to you. If he cuts at you like this, then go up to his dussack with your dagger (as he did to you) and parry with the cross of your dagger. In the same moment, turn his dussack to your left side with your left hand inverted and wind the point of your dussack to his face. With that, cut away from him.
 
When you are in the approach, follow this piece like so: Step in with your right leg and cut high at his head with your long edge. If he cuts at you from above like this, and you stand with your left leg toward him, then move to oppose his dussack with your dagger, parrying his cut with the cross of your dagger. In the same moment, cut toward his head with your dussack, as he did to you. If he cuts at you like this, then go up to his dussack with your dagger (as he did to you) and parry with the cross of your dagger. In the same moment, turn his dussack to your left side with your left hand inverted and wind the point of your dussack to his face. With that, cut away from him.
Line 4,172: Line 4,172:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]] Versions</p>
+
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]]and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]]Versions</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|start}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|start}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 4,184: Line 4,184:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[1] The First Two Upper Bindings from the Right Side'''
+
[1] '''The First Two Upper Bindings from the Right Side'''
  
 
It happens that you are closing with the staff. Step towards him with your right foot on the inside and wind from above from your right shoulder with the right hand outside of his staff. In the winding feel for whether he is soft or hard in the bind. If he is hard against you and holds against your strong, follow with your left leg after and at the same time change through from his left upon his right side and stab him to his face.
 
It happens that you are closing with the staff. Step towards him with your right foot on the inside and wind from above from your right shoulder with the right hand outside of his staff. In the winding feel for whether he is soft or hard in the bind. If he is hard against you and holds against your strong, follow with your left leg after and at the same time change through from his left upon his right side and stab him to his face.
Line 4,201: Line 4,201:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[2] The First Two Lower Bindings from the Left Side'''
+
[2] '''The First Two Lower Bindings from the Left Side'''
  
 
It happens that you have closed and stand with your left foot forward holding your staff at your left shoulder with your left hand forward. You stand this way against him and he the same in the lower bind. Step inside with your right leg and stab him from the inside to the outside over his left arm to the chest. If he displaces this, then follow after again with your left leg and wind your rearmost point to his face.
 
It happens that you have closed and stand with your left foot forward holding your staff at your left shoulder with your left hand forward. You stand this way against him and he the same in the lower bind. Step inside with your right leg and stab him from the inside to the outside over his left arm to the chest. If he displaces this, then follow after again with your left leg and wind your rearmost point to his face.
Line 4,218: Line 4,218:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[3] The Next Two Upper Bindings from the Left Side'''
+
[3] '''The Next Two Upper Bindings from the Left Side'''
  
 
It happens that you close to the upper bind from your left side. He stands against you likewise in the bind from his left side. Step in with your left leg and at the same time feel whether he is hard or soft in the bind. If he is soft, step outward with your right leg and thrust to his face. If he does a take off, then immediately wind through from your right upon his right side.
 
It happens that you close to the upper bind from your left side. He stands against you likewise in the bind from his left side. Step in with your left leg and at the same time feel whether he is hard or soft in the bind. If he is soft, step outward with your right leg and thrust to his face. If he does a take off, then immediately wind through from your right upon his right side.
Line 4,235: Line 4,235:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[4] The Next Two Lower Bindings from the Right Side'''
+
[4] '''The Next Two Lower Bindings from the Right Side'''
  
 
It happens that you close to the lower bind with your right foot set forward and your right hand extended in front near the point. Immediately wind your right hand to the hip and stab him to his face.
 
It happens that you close to the lower bind with your right foot set forward and your right hand extended in front near the point. Immediately wind your right hand to the hip and stab him to his face.
Line 4,254: Line 4,254:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[5] An Absetzen against a Doubled Mittelhau'''
+
[5] '''An Absetzen against a Doubled Mittelhau'''
  
 
It happens that when closing in the Absetzen you step in with your left leg, your staff pointed at the ground and your right hand stretched above your head. Immediately wind your right hand to your hip and thrust to his face.   
 
It happens that when closing in the Absetzen you step in with your left leg, your staff pointed at the ground and your right hand stretched above your head. Immediately wind your right hand to your hip and thrust to his face.   
Line 4,271: Line 4,271:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[6] A Right and a Left Position'''
+
[6] '''A Right and a Left Position'''
  
 
It happens that you stand in this position from the right side with your right foot forward and hold your staff at your right side in the strong. He then stands against you from his left side also in the strong with his left foot placed forward and you both have each other in the bind. Make as if you will stab to his face, then immediately change through from his right to his left side, follow outward with your left leg and stab him to the chest. If he displaces this, follow outward with your right leg and wind your rearmost point inside between his arms to his face.
 
It happens that you stand in this position from the right side with your right foot forward and hold your staff at your right side in the strong. He then stands against you from his left side also in the strong with his left foot placed forward and you both have each other in the bind. Make as if you will stab to his face, then immediately change through from his right to his left side, follow outward with your left leg and stab him to the chest. If he displaces this, follow outward with your right leg and wind your rearmost point inside between his arms to his face.
Line 4,288: Line 4,288:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[7] A Face Thrust against a Lower Abnemen'''
+
[7] '''A Face Thrust against a Lower Abnemen'''
  
 
It happens that in the closing to the Face Thrust you hold your staff at your right side with your left hand at the half-staff, your right hand behind near your right leg and your foremost point opposite his face. He then stands against you in the Abnemen with his left foot placed forward, his staff at the ground and the right hand extended behind near the point. Follow outward with your right leg and thrust to his face.
 
It happens that in the closing to the Face Thrust you hold your staff at your right side with your left hand at the half-staff, your right hand behind near your right leg and your foremost point opposite his face. He then stands against you in the Abnemen with his left foot placed forward, his staff at the ground and the right hand extended behind near the point. Follow outward with your right leg and thrust to his face.
Line 4,305: Line 4,305:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[8] Two Absetzen from Both Sides'''
+
[8] '''Two Absetzen from Both Sides'''
  
 
It happens at the closing that you stand in these Absetzen with your right foot forward, your staff directed at the ground with extended arms, your left hand at the middle of the staff and the right above in front of your face. He also stands like this against you from his left side. Then step inward with your left leg and wind your upper point between his arms to his face. If he displaces this, follow outward with your right foot and strike him out of the Absetzen with your rearmost point to his right arm.
 
It happens at the closing that you stand in these Absetzen with your right foot forward, your staff directed at the ground with extended arms, your left hand at the middle of the staff and the right above in front of your face. He also stands like this against you from his left side. Then step inward with your left leg and wind your upper point between his arms to his face. If he displaces this, follow outward with your right foot and strike him out of the Absetzen with your rearmost point to his right arm.
Line 4,322: Line 4,322:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[9] A Face Thrust against an Absetzen'''
+
[9] '''A Face Thrust against an Absetzen'''
 
It happens that you stand at the closing with the Face Thrust with your left foot forward, your staff in your right hand at your right hip and the point directed towards his face. He then stands opposed to you in the Absetzen, his right foot set forward, his staff in the middle with both of his hands extended in front of his face. Then step inward with your right foot and wind your rearmost point into his face on his right side. If he sets this aside, wind your other point to his chest. Then immediately set your right leg to the rear and strike him with your staff to his right side.
 
It happens that you stand at the closing with the Face Thrust with your left foot forward, your staff in your right hand at your right hip and the point directed towards his face. He then stands opposed to you in the Absetzen, his right foot set forward, his staff in the middle with both of his hands extended in front of his face. Then step inward with your right foot and wind your rearmost point into his face on his right side. If he sets this aside, wind your other point to his chest. Then immediately set your right leg to the rear and strike him with your staff to his right side.
  
Line 4,338: Line 4,338:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[10] Two Einprechen from which a Throw Proceeds'''
+
[10] '''Two Einprechen from which a Throw Proceeds'''
  
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, step inward with your left leg and thrust with your staff to his face from your right side. If he displaces this, set your right leg to the rear and let your staff shoot through your hand and strike inward with the long point to his head.
 
When you come to the opponent at the closing, step inward with your left leg and thrust with your staff to his face from your right side. If he displaces this, set your right leg to the rear and let your staff shoot through your hand and strike inward with the long point to his head.
Line 4,357: Line 4,357:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 11.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 11.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[11] Two Thrusts to the Upper Openings'''
+
[11] '''Two Thrusts to the Upper Openings'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent step inward with your left leg and hold your arms extended with the staff, your right hand above your head and the point directed towards his chest. He then stands likewise against you in the high thrust position to your upper opening with his left foot set forward. Then follow outward with your right leg, wind with your right arm to your right side and in the winding thrust your long point into his face. Should he perceive the thrust and displace it, change through from his left to his right side and thrust to his chest.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent step inward with your left leg and hold your arms extended with the staff, your right hand above your head and the point directed towards his chest. He then stands likewise against you in the high thrust position to your upper opening with his left foot set forward. Then follow outward with your right leg, wind with your right arm to your right side and in the winding thrust your long point into his face. Should he perceive the thrust and displace it, change through from his left to his right side and thrust to his chest.
Line 4,374: Line 4,374:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 12.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 12.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[12] A Long Point against a Bind'''
+
[12] '''A Long Point against a Bind'''
  
 
When you go to close with the opponent, strike in freely from the Sturzhau (plunging strike) double towards him so that you come before the opponent standing with your left foot forward, your right hand at your hip and your staff’s point opposite his face. Then immediately follow outward with your right leg and thrust your long point to his throat.
 
When you go to close with the opponent, strike in freely from the Sturzhau (plunging strike) double towards him so that you come before the opponent standing with your left foot forward, your right hand at your hip and your staff’s point opposite his face. Then immediately follow outward with your right leg and thrust your long point to his throat.
Line 4,393: Line 4,393:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 13.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 13.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[13] An Inverted Strike against an Abnemen'''
+
[13] '''An Inverted Strike against an Abnemen'''
  
 
It happens that at the closing you strike towards him with a doubled Prusthau (chest strike) as you come to him. Then step in with your right foot towards him and at the same time release the staff to quickly pass over and strike his head with an inverted hand. Then once again grip the staff with your left and wind your foremost point into his face.
 
It happens that at the closing you strike towards him with a doubled Prusthau (chest strike) as you come to him. Then step in with your right foot towards him and at the same time release the staff to quickly pass over and strike his head with an inverted hand. Then once again grip the staff with your left and wind your foremost point into his face.
Line 4,410: Line 4,410:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 14.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 14.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[14] A Gewicht Stab against a Groin Stab'''
+
[14] '''A Gewicht Stab against a Groin Stab'''
  
 
When you come to close with the opponent, step in with your left leg and hold your staff with your right hand above your head and your left hand well forward on your staff and stab to his left elbow so that you capture his gewicht (sleeve?).  
 
When you come to close with the opponent, step in with your left leg and hold your staff with your right hand above your head and your left hand well forward on your staff and stab to his left elbow so that you capture his gewicht (sleeve?).  
Line 4,427: Line 4,427:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 15.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 15.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[15] A position in the Wag against a Gewalt Stoss'''
+
[15] '''A position in the Wag against a Gewalt Stoss'''
  
 
It happens at the closing that you stand in this position with the feet equally together, your staff pointed at the ground, the left hand mid-way on the staff, the right hand at your right side and present yourself with your body in the Wag (balanced stance or position). Then immediately step in with your left leg and thrust your long point to his chest.
 
It happens at the closing that you stand in this position with the feet equally together, your staff pointed at the ground, the left hand mid-way on the staff, the right hand at your right side and present yourself with your body in the Wag (balanced stance or position). Then immediately step in with your left leg and thrust your long point to his chest.
Line 4,444: Line 4,444:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 16.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 16.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[16] A Long Point with an Abnemen against a Crossed Wechsel'''
+
[16] '''A Long Point with an Abnemen against a Crossed Wechsel'''
  
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent step in with your right foot and hold your staff forward pointed at the ground with your right hand mid-way and the left near your point back at your left hip. He then stands opposed to you in the Crossed Wechsel (changer) with his right foot set forward. Go forward with your long point and at the same time follow outward with your left leg and thrust to his face. If he sets this aside, follow outward with your right foot and wind your rearmost point to his face or chest.
 
When you come to the closing with the opponent step in with your right foot and hold your staff forward pointed at the ground with your right hand mid-way and the left near your point back at your left hip. He then stands opposed to you in the Crossed Wechsel (changer) with his right foot set forward. Go forward with your long point and at the same time follow outward with your left leg and thrust to his face. If he sets this aside, follow outward with your right foot and wind your rearmost point to his face or chest.
Line 4,461: Line 4,461:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 17.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 17.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[17] Two Upper Thrusts to the Chest from the Left Side'''
+
[17] '''Two Upper Thrusts to the Chest from the Left Side'''
  
 
It happens at the closing that you step in with your left foot towards him and thrust with your staff from your left side inward between his arms to his left chest. He then stands opposed to you also in the Upper Thrust from his left side with his left foot set forward and thrusts to your chest as well. Then release your left hand from your staff and grip with it to his staff near his point and at the same time wind your point beneath his left shoulder with your right hand. Then step in towards him with your right foot and with that wind both staves at your right side with crosswise arms. Thus you will have him such that he cannot work against you.
 
It happens at the closing that you step in with your left foot towards him and thrust with your staff from your left side inward between his arms to his left chest. He then stands opposed to you also in the Upper Thrust from his left side with his left foot set forward and thrusts to your chest as well. Then release your left hand from your staff and grip with it to his staff near his point and at the same time wind your point beneath his left shoulder with your right hand. Then step in towards him with your right foot and with that wind both staves at your right side with crosswise arms. Thus you will have him such that he cannot work against you.
Line 4,476: Line 4,476:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 18.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 18.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[18] A Thrown and Pinned position from which He Cannot Escape'''
+
[18] '''A Thrown and Pinned position from which He Cannot Escape'''
  
 
Hold yourself as follows at this closing. Strike inward with the Sturzhau (plunging strike) towards him, then set your left foot forward and thrust your foremost point to his face.
 
Hold yourself as follows at this closing. Strike inward with the Sturzhau (plunging strike) towards him, then set your left foot forward and thrust your foremost point to his face.
Line 4,495: Line 4,495:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 19.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 19.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[19] '''
+
[19] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 164r.png|German|lbl=164r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 164r.png|German|lbl=164r}}
Line 4,506: Line 4,506:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 20.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 20.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[20] '''
+
[20] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 164v.png|German|lbl=164v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 164v.png|German|lbl=164v}}
Line 4,517: Line 4,517:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 21.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 21.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[21] '''
+
[21] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 165r.png|German|lbl=165r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 165r.png|German|lbl=165r}}
Line 4,528: Line 4,528:
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 22.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair short staff 22.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[22] '''
+
[22] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 165v.png|German|lbl=165v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 165v.png|German|lbl=165v}}
Line 4,547: Line 4,547:
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 01.jpg|700px|center]]
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 01.jpg|700px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[1] The first two bindings with the pike on the weak and the strong '''  
+
[1] '''The first two bindings with the pike on the weak and the strong '''  
  
 
Do this device thus: hold your pike on your left side, and stand with your left foot forward. Stretch out your right hand holding the back end of your pike on your right side and take hold of it with the left hand. Then, step forward with your right foot and thrust to his face. If he attacks you thus, and you then stand with your left foot forward, holding your pike with at level with your left knee, and the right hand by your right leg, then parry his thrust with the front end of your pike, change through, step forward with the right foot, and thrust to the right side of his chest from our right side. Should he parry this, let the tip sink to the ground, step back with the right foot and lift up the pike in front of your face wih the right hand over your head, place it back on the side and thrust from your right side to his left. If he thrusts at you thus, then parry his thrust, step back with the right foot and swing the pike up, and go to the strong, ie you direct the pike towards his face, and sense if he presses his pike hard or loose against yours on your right side. Then grab the pike with in the front end again, step forward with your right foot and thrust to his face on his right side. If he parries, then step back with the right foot again, lower the point to the ground, and lift it over your head in good protection, as you back away from him.  
 
Do this device thus: hold your pike on your left side, and stand with your left foot forward. Stretch out your right hand holding the back end of your pike on your right side and take hold of it with the left hand. Then, step forward with your right foot and thrust to his face. If he attacks you thus, and you then stand with your left foot forward, holding your pike with at level with your left knee, and the right hand by your right leg, then parry his thrust with the front end of your pike, change through, step forward with the right foot, and thrust to the right side of his chest from our right side. Should he parry this, let the tip sink to the ground, step back with the right foot and lift up the pike in front of your face wih the right hand over your head, place it back on the side and thrust from your right side to his left. If he thrusts at you thus, then parry his thrust, step back with the right foot and swing the pike up, and go to the strong, ie you direct the pike towards his face, and sense if he presses his pike hard or loose against yours on your right side. Then grab the pike with in the front end again, step forward with your right foot and thrust to his face on his right side. If he parries, then step back with the right foot again, lower the point to the ground, and lift it over your head in good protection, as you back away from him.  
Line 4,568: Line 4,568:
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 02.jpg|700px|center]]
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 02.jpg|700px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[2] The weak and strong on the pikes at first contact '''  
+
[2] '''The weak and strong on the pikes at first contact '''  
  
 
When you engage in fencing with the pike in this device, you do thus: stand with your right foot forward and direct the point towards his face, and keep your left hand by the left leg. Then, step forward with your left foot and thrust towards his throat. If your opponent on the other hand attacks you thus, and you then stand with your right foot forward and the right hand by the right knee, and your left hand above your left leg, then do as follows: move his thrust aside to your right with your front end, step forward with left foot1 and thrust to his face. Should he parry, you change through underneath, and thrust to his chest. Then, you step forward again with your right foot and lift the pike up into free position, ie holding it level with your head, either to the right or left of you, and then thrust to his face. If he attacks you thus, then step back with the left foot and parry with a crossed changing guard to your left. Take a step bak further with your right foot and turn the pike out of the changing guard to your right and thrust again at the same spot. Then you lower the tip raise your right hand above your head, holding the pike in front of your face in good protection. Furthermore, should your opponent use the same double thrust against you, then quickly parry between your hands, step forward with your left foot and thrust to his chest, then you may retreat from him unharmed.  
 
When you engage in fencing with the pike in this device, you do thus: stand with your right foot forward and direct the point towards his face, and keep your left hand by the left leg. Then, step forward with your left foot and thrust towards his throat. If your opponent on the other hand attacks you thus, and you then stand with your right foot forward and the right hand by the right knee, and your left hand above your left leg, then do as follows: move his thrust aside to your right with your front end, step forward with left foot1 and thrust to his face. Should he parry, you change through underneath, and thrust to his chest. Then, you step forward again with your right foot and lift the pike up into free position, ie holding it level with your head, either to the right or left of you, and then thrust to his face. If he attacks you thus, then step back with the left foot and parry with a crossed changing guard to your left. Take a step bak further with your right foot and turn the pike out of the changing guard to your right and thrust again at the same spot. Then you lower the tip raise your right hand above your head, holding the pike in front of your face in good protection. Furthermore, should your opponent use the same double thrust against you, then quickly parry between your hands, step forward with your left foot and thrust to his chest, then you may retreat from him unharmed.  
Line 4,580: Line 4,580:
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 03.jpg|700px|center]]
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 03.jpg|700px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[3] Right and left open guard'''  
+
[3] '''Right and left open guard'''  
  
 
The right open guard is performed thus: stand with your right foot forward and the point on the ground, left hand on back end and right hand by your right knee. From here, you step forward with your left foot, raise the point and thrust to his face. If he tries to do this to you, and you then stand with your left foot forward, with left hand by your left knee, and the right hand on the back end, and leave the open guard and enter into the crossed changer, and parry as you take a step back with the left foot. Then raise the pike into free standing with feet together, and the pike resting on your left elbow. Step forward again with the left foot, and thrust hard against your opponent’s face. If your opponent parries, step forward again with your right foot, and thrust to his left side. If he does this to you, then push away his thrust with the front end of your pike, from the left side to your right, and quickly thereafter you step forward with your right foot and thrust to his groin. Should he parry, you step forward with the left foot, raise the pike above your head and thrust to his face. If he does the same double thrust to you, then parry with the front end, change through from his left to his right and thrust to his face or chest. Then, turn to your right in open guard with right foot forward and withdraw from your opponent in good defence.
 
The right open guard is performed thus: stand with your right foot forward and the point on the ground, left hand on back end and right hand by your right knee. From here, you step forward with your left foot, raise the point and thrust to his face. If he tries to do this to you, and you then stand with your left foot forward, with left hand by your left knee, and the right hand on the back end, and leave the open guard and enter into the crossed changer, and parry as you take a step back with the left foot. Then raise the pike into free standing with feet together, and the pike resting on your left elbow. Step forward again with the left foot, and thrust hard against your opponent’s face. If your opponent parries, step forward again with your right foot, and thrust to his left side. If he does this to you, then push away his thrust with the front end of your pike, from the left side to your right, and quickly thereafter you step forward with your right foot and thrust to his groin. Should he parry, you step forward with the left foot, raise the pike above your head and thrust to his face. If he does the same double thrust to you, then parry with the front end, change through from his left to his right and thrust to his face or chest. Then, turn to your right in open guard with right foot forward and withdraw from your opponent in good defence.
Line 4,592: Line 4,592:
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 04.jpg|700px|center]]
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 04.jpg|700px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[4] Free standing against the bar guard '''  
+
[4] '''Free standing against the bar guard '''  
  
 
When entering before your opponent, perform the free standing thus: stand upright with your left side turned toward him, and hold your pike resting on your left arm with the point towards your opponent, and your right hand on the back end. From here, you step forward with the right foot, and thrust as hard as you can towards his body. If your opponent comes at you this way while you are standing in the crossed changer, right foot forward, then pull back your right foot, and parry his thrust to your right. Then, step forward again with your right foot, and thrust to his face. If he parries, then you step further with your left foot, change through from your right side to his left, and thrust to his chest. If he does this to you, then parry with the front end of your pike and, step forward with your left foot and thrust him in the chest as well. If he parries, and you are then standing with your left foot forward, then parry with your front end, step forward with the right leg, and thrust to his face. Then step back again and lower the point to the ground, raise your right hand over your head and the pike before your face. Should he then come after you, then execute an as long thrust as you can at him and move away from him, well defended.  
 
When entering before your opponent, perform the free standing thus: stand upright with your left side turned toward him, and hold your pike resting on your left arm with the point towards your opponent, and your right hand on the back end. From here, you step forward with the right foot, and thrust as hard as you can towards his body. If your opponent comes at you this way while you are standing in the crossed changer, right foot forward, then pull back your right foot, and parry his thrust to your right. Then, step forward again with your right foot, and thrust to his face. If he parries, then you step further with your left foot, change through from your right side to his left, and thrust to his chest. If he does this to you, then parry with the front end of your pike and, step forward with your left foot and thrust him in the chest as well. If he parries, and you are then standing with your left foot forward, then parry with your front end, step forward with the right leg, and thrust to his face. Then step back again and lower the point to the ground, raise your right hand over your head and the pike before your face. Should he then come after you, then execute an as long thrust as you can at him and move away from him, well defended.  
Line 4,604: Line 4,604:
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 05.jpg|700px|center]]
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 05.jpg|700px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[5] Binding in the middle of the pike agains a thrust to the face '''  
+
[5] '''Binding in the middle of the pike agains a thrust to the face '''  
  
 
In this device you thus: put your left foot forward, and hold your pike in the middle, with left hand forward, and the right by your left leg. From here you shoot the pike through your hands towards your opponent’s chest. If he does this to you, and you are about to thrust to his face, standing with the left foot forward, you step forward with right, turn the pike to the left of you and thrust to his face. Should he parry, then step back with the right foot, and if the opponent comes after shooting his pike at you, then parry to your right with the crossed changer guard, step forward again with your right and thrust to his face. If he were to do a double thrust against you thus, then parry with with your front end, change through from your right side to your opponent’s left and thrust him under his left arm. If he parries, then step forward with your left and thrust to his groin. If he does it to you, and you are then standing with your right leg forward, then pull it back and parry to your left, step forward again and thrust to his front leg. Should he parry this, you raise pike and thrust to his face, and then withdraw from him away from danger.  
 
In this device you thus: put your left foot forward, and hold your pike in the middle, with left hand forward, and the right by your left leg. From here you shoot the pike through your hands towards your opponent’s chest. If he does this to you, and you are about to thrust to his face, standing with the left foot forward, you step forward with right, turn the pike to the left of you and thrust to his face. Should he parry, then step back with the right foot, and if the opponent comes after shooting his pike at you, then parry to your right with the crossed changer guard, step forward again with your right and thrust to his face. If he were to do a double thrust against you thus, then parry with with your front end, change through from your right side to your opponent’s left and thrust him under his left arm. If he parries, then step forward with your left and thrust to his groin. If he does it to you, and you are then standing with your right leg forward, then pull it back and parry to your left, step forward again and thrust to his front leg. Should he parry this, you raise pike and thrust to his face, and then withdraw from him away from danger.  
Line 4,616: Line 4,616:
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 06.jpg|700px|center]]
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 06.jpg|700px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[6] A thrust to the face against a thrust to the groin '''
+
[6] '''A thrust to the face against a thrust to the groin '''
 
   
 
   
 
This device is performed thus: stand with your left foot forward and thrust to his face from your right side towards is left. He he does so, and you are then standing with your left foot forward, then parry with your front end, and thrust to his groin. Should he do so, then pull back your left foot and parry with your front end, step forward again, and thrust to his chest. If he parries, then turn your pike over his, and thrust to his face. If he uses the same double thrust against you, then parry with the middle of your pike, step forward with your right foot and thrust your point to his face. If he sees it and parries, then turn through with your pike, step forward with your left and thrust to his right side. Should he do so, then parry with the front end to your right, step forward with your right foot and enter the strong of your pike, ie. You raise it and direct it towards your opponent’s face and sense whether he pushes his pike firmly against yours or not. From there you attack him wherever you see him open, above or on the inside. Should your opponent do this to you, however, you raise the pike above your head and parry, and then thrust to his face. Thereafter you withdraw from him well protected.  
 
This device is performed thus: stand with your left foot forward and thrust to his face from your right side towards is left. He he does so, and you are then standing with your left foot forward, then parry with your front end, and thrust to his groin. Should he do so, then pull back your left foot and parry with your front end, step forward again, and thrust to his chest. If he parries, then turn your pike over his, and thrust to his face. If he uses the same double thrust against you, then parry with the middle of your pike, step forward with your right foot and thrust your point to his face. If he sees it and parries, then turn through with your pike, step forward with your left and thrust to his right side. Should he do so, then parry with the front end to your right, step forward with your right foot and enter the strong of your pike, ie. You raise it and direct it towards your opponent’s face and sense whether he pushes his pike firmly against yours or not. From there you attack him wherever you see him open, above or on the inside. Should your opponent do this to you, however, you raise the pike above your head and parry, and then thrust to his face. Thereafter you withdraw from him well protected.  
Line 4,628: Line 4,628:
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 07.jpg|700px|center]]
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 07.jpg|700px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[7] Simple changer against a middle pike position '''  
+
[7] '''Simple changer against a middle pike position '''  
  
 
Enter the simple changer as follows: step forward with your left leg, and hold your pike with the point to the ground, your left hand by your left knee and your right on the back end to your right. From here, step forward with your right foot and thrust to your opponent’s left side. If your opponent attacks you in this manner, and you are then standing in middle pike position with your left foot forward, with both hands at chest level on your right side, then step forward with your right leg and parry with the middle of your pike, then step forward again and thrust a half pike thrust to his face, and he can do no more against you. If he attacks you thus, and you cannot parry with your front end, then change through and pull back the pike, that way you are again on equal terms with your opponent and may fight with him. Now, you step forward quickly and thrust from middle pike position wherever you see him open. Should he parry, then step forward with your left and thrust to his chest. If he thrusts at your openings in the same manner mentioned, then take two steps back in crossed changer, and take hold back end of the pike with your right hand, and from here you seek openings from the weak and the strong, and from one side to the other. Should he parry your thrusts, then wind in a long thrust to his face from your right hand, and withdraw from him protecting yourself as well as you can.  
 
Enter the simple changer as follows: step forward with your left leg, and hold your pike with the point to the ground, your left hand by your left knee and your right on the back end to your right. From here, step forward with your right foot and thrust to your opponent’s left side. If your opponent attacks you in this manner, and you are then standing in middle pike position with your left foot forward, with both hands at chest level on your right side, then step forward with your right leg and parry with the middle of your pike, then step forward again and thrust a half pike thrust to his face, and he can do no more against you. If he attacks you thus, and you cannot parry with your front end, then change through and pull back the pike, that way you are again on equal terms with your opponent and may fight with him. Now, you step forward quickly and thrust from middle pike position wherever you see him open. Should he parry, then step forward with your left and thrust to his chest. If he thrusts at your openings in the same manner mentioned, then take two steps back in crossed changer, and take hold back end of the pike with your right hand, and from here you seek openings from the weak and the strong, and from one side to the other. Should he parry your thrusts, then wind in a long thrust to his face from your right hand, and withdraw from him protecting yourself as well as you can.  
Line 4,640: Line 4,640:
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 08.jpg|700px|center]]
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 08.jpg|700px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[8] A reversed thrust against a take off/parry'''  
+
[8] '''A reversed thrust against a take off/parry'''  
  
 
This manner is how you perform a reversed thrust: stand with your left leg forward, holding your left hand by your left knee, and the right on the back end of your pike between your legs, point directed towards your opponent. Then step forward with your right and pretend to thrust to his left side(german text says right), but instead you change grip and thrust a reversed thrust. If he does that to you however, while you are standing in a parry, then step forward with your left lower the tip to the ground raise the back end up in front of your face with straight arms, and remove his thrusts above and below, from one side the other. Having parried thus, then step forward with your right, raise your pike you your right, and turn in a thrust to your opponent’s throat. If he parries, then change through from your right to his left, and thrust to his face. If he sees it and parries, then step forward with your left foot and thrust to his left side. If he uses the same attack, and you are then standing with your right foot forward, then turn your right hand to your left and parry thus. Then enter the strong position, step forward with your right foot and thrust to his upper opening, and you may step back from your opponent well protected.  
 
This manner is how you perform a reversed thrust: stand with your left leg forward, holding your left hand by your left knee, and the right on the back end of your pike between your legs, point directed towards your opponent. Then step forward with your right and pretend to thrust to his left side(german text says right), but instead you change grip and thrust a reversed thrust. If he does that to you however, while you are standing in a parry, then step forward with your left lower the tip to the ground raise the back end up in front of your face with straight arms, and remove his thrusts above and below, from one side the other. Having parried thus, then step forward with your right, raise your pike you your right, and turn in a thrust to your opponent’s throat. If he parries, then change through from your right to his left, and thrust to his face. If he sees it and parries, then step forward with your left foot and thrust to his left side. If he uses the same attack, and you are then standing with your right foot forward, then turn your right hand to your left and parry thus. Then enter the strong position, step forward with your right foot and thrust to his upper opening, and you may step back from your opponent well protected.  
Line 4,652: Line 4,652:
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 09.jpg|700px|center]]
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 09.jpg|700px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[9] An upper run-in against an upper set-on'''  
+
[9] '''An upper run-in against an upper set-on'''  
  
 
When entering before your opponent to fence with pikes, then stand with your left foot forward, and grab hold of your pike in the middle, with the most part of the pike hanging behind you, arms well outstretched, left hand in front, and right hand behind your head. From here you take a step forward, and thrust to the opponent’s chest between both is arms. If he attacks you thus, and you are standing with your left foot facing him, then pull it back and parry between your arms. Then you step forward with your right foot and shoot the pike forward through your hands so that the front end comes into your left hand, and thrust to his face or chest. If he parries and comes after you, then change through twice, and step back, so that you hold the back end of your pike in your right hand. Furthermore, should your opponent use the same technique against you, then thrust a long thrust to his groin, and step forward with your right, and thrust to his chest. Should he parry while you are holding your pike extended befor you, then change through from his left to his right side, and turn in a thrust into his face. Should he parry this as sell, then step forward with your left and thrust to his left side as you move away from him well protected.  
 
When entering before your opponent to fence with pikes, then stand with your left foot forward, and grab hold of your pike in the middle, with the most part of the pike hanging behind you, arms well outstretched, left hand in front, and right hand behind your head. From here you take a step forward, and thrust to the opponent’s chest between both is arms. If he attacks you thus, and you are standing with your left foot facing him, then pull it back and parry between your arms. Then you step forward with your right foot and shoot the pike forward through your hands so that the front end comes into your left hand, and thrust to his face or chest. If he parries and comes after you, then change through twice, and step back, so that you hold the back end of your pike in your right hand. Furthermore, should your opponent use the same technique against you, then thrust a long thrust to his groin, and step forward with your right, and thrust to his chest. Should he parry while you are holding your pike extended befor you, then change through from his left to his right side, and turn in a thrust into his face. Should he parry this as sell, then step forward with your left and thrust to his left side as you move away from him well protected.  
Line 4,664: Line 4,664:
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 10.jpg|700px|center]]
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 10.jpg|700px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[10] A low run-in against a low parry'''  
+
[10] '''A low run-in against a low parry'''  
 
   
 
   
 
Perform this device as follows: when you engage with your opponent, then bind with his pike with your front end, and step forward with your left, and sense if he pushes firmly or loosely against your pike. If he is loose, then let your pike shoot back through your hands step forward with your right and thrust to his throat. If your opponent does this, and you are standing with your left foot forward, left hand by your left knee and right hand on the back end by your right leg, then step forward with said (right) leg and parry his thrust between your arms, then quickly pull back your right leg and turn your pike to the right, and as you do so pull your pike through the hands, this way you will again come on equal terms with your opponent. Then, change through from his left side to his right, and thrust to his face. If your opponent does this however, then parry with the front end to your right, pull back your right foot and shoot the point in from his right side into his face, and step away from him, well protected.  
 
Perform this device as follows: when you engage with your opponent, then bind with his pike with your front end, and step forward with your left, and sense if he pushes firmly or loosely against your pike. If he is loose, then let your pike shoot back through your hands step forward with your right and thrust to his throat. If your opponent does this, and you are standing with your left foot forward, left hand by your left knee and right hand on the back end by your right leg, then step forward with said (right) leg and parry his thrust between your arms, then quickly pull back your right leg and turn your pike to the right, and as you do so pull your pike through the hands, this way you will again come on equal terms with your opponent. Then, change through from his left side to his right, and thrust to his face. If your opponent does this however, then parry with the front end to your right, pull back your right foot and shoot the point in from his right side into his face, and step away from him, well protected.  
Line 4,676: Line 4,676:
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 11.jpg|700px|center]]
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 11.jpg|700px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[11] A parry against a forceful free thrust from the strong*'''  
+
[11] '''A parry against a forceful free thrust from the strong*'''  
  
 
Perform the device in this manner: stand with your left leg forward, pike held above your head with the right hand on the back end, and the left in the middle, point directed toward the ground. If he then thrusts out of the strong, ie with the point directed to your face, sensing you pressing hard against his pike, and steps forward with his left leg, then parry to the right and left and, lift the front end of your pike, step forward with your right foot, turn your pike through and thrust to his face. If you see him do this to you, then step back with your left foot and, change grip with your right hand on the pike and turn it to your right side, you will parry the attack. Then, leave the bind and thrust to the right side of his face. If he does this, on the other hand, and you are standing with your right leg forward, then quickly turn your pike from his left side you his right and thrust to his groin, and from here you step away from him making sure you do so well away from harm.
 
Perform the device in this manner: stand with your left leg forward, pike held above your head with the right hand on the back end, and the left in the middle, point directed toward the ground. If he then thrusts out of the strong, ie with the point directed to your face, sensing you pressing hard against his pike, and steps forward with his left leg, then parry to the right and left and, lift the front end of your pike, step forward with your right foot, turn your pike through and thrust to his face. If you see him do this to you, then step back with your left foot and, change grip with your right hand on the pike and turn it to your right side, you will parry the attack. Then, leave the bind and thrust to the right side of his face. If he does this, on the other hand, and you are standing with your right leg forward, then quickly turn your pike from his left side you his right and thrust to his groin, and from here you step away from him making sure you do so well away from harm.
Line 4,690: Line 4,690:
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 12.jpg|700px|center]]
 
| colspan="2" | [[file:Mair long staff 12.jpg|700px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[12] A bind followed by a run-in and a throw '''  
+
[12] '''A bind followed by a run-in and a throw '''  
  
 
If you wish to perform this device well: then step with your left foot forward and bind with the weak against your opponent’s right side. Then swiftly change through and thrust him in the left side. If you see him coming at you this way, then parry in the middle of your pike, step forward with your right foot and, raise your arms above your head, and thrust to his face or chest as hard as you can. If he does this, though, then let go of your pik and turn away his pike from your chest with your left hand, step in quickly, and grab the middle of his pike. If your opponent has grabbed hold of your pike in this manner, then let go with your left hand and grab him by the weak point by his right elbow. Then step with your right foot behind both is feet, grab hold with your right hand in the weak point behind his left elbow, cross your arms forcefully, so that you can shoot your head through between them. Then, if you turn this way, you can lift him up on your back without any risk of harm, and carry him away however you like.  
 
If you wish to perform this device well: then step with your left foot forward and bind with the weak against your opponent’s right side. Then swiftly change through and thrust him in the left side. If you see him coming at you this way, then parry in the middle of your pike, step forward with your right foot and, raise your arms above your head, and thrust to his face or chest as hard as you can. If he does this, though, then let go of your pik and turn away his pike from your chest with your left hand, step in quickly, and grab the middle of his pike. If your opponent has grabbed hold of your pike in this manner, then let go with your left hand and grab him by the weak point by his right elbow. Then step with your right foot behind both is feet, grab hold with your right hand in the weak point behind his left elbow, cross your arms forcefully, so that you can shoot your head through between them. Then, if you turn this way, you can lift him up on your back without any risk of harm, and carry him away however you like.  
Line 4,711: Line 4,711:
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 4,721: Line 4,721:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[1] The First Two Oberhau with the Halberd from the Left Side'''
+
[1] '''The First Two Oberhau with the Halberd from the Left Side'''
  
 
It happens at the closing that you stand in this technique with your left foot forward and hold your Halberd above your head. Then immediately follow outward with your right foot and strike to his head.
 
It happens at the closing that you stand in this technique with your left foot forward and hold your Halberd above your head. Then immediately follow outward with your right foot and strike to his head.
Line 4,740: Line 4,740:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[2] The Underhau with the Halberd from Both Sides'''
+
[2] '''The Underhau with the Halberd from Both Sides'''
  
 
It happens at this closing with the Underhau that you stand with your left foot forward and hold the point downward opposite of the opponent. Then immediately move your right hand to your right hip and thrust to his face or chest. If he sets this thrust aside, change through from his left to his right side.
 
It happens at this closing with the Underhau that you stand with your left foot forward and hold the point downward opposite of the opponent. Then immediately move your right hand to your right hip and thrust to his face or chest. If he sets this thrust aside, change through from his left to his right side.
Line 4,759: Line 4,759:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[3] The Crossed Wechsel Against the Abnemen'''
+
[3] '''The Crossed Wechsel Against the Abnemen'''
  
 
It happens that you stand in the Crossed Wechsel (changer) with your left foot forward and your left hand beneath your right shoulder. Then immediately step in with your right leg, wind double in the Underhau and thrust to his left leg.
 
It happens that you stand in the Crossed Wechsel (changer) with your left foot forward and your left hand beneath your right shoulder. Then immediately step in with your right leg, wind double in the Underhau and thrust to his left leg.
Line 4,778: Line 4,778:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[4] A Gesicht Stoss (Face Thrust) against a Prusthau (Chest Strike)'''
+
[4] '''A Gesicht Stoss (Face Thrust) against a Prusthau (Chest Strike)'''
  
 
It happens that you stand in the Gesicht Stoss with your left foot forward and hold your Halberd at the chest such that the edge is turned upwards. Then immediately follow outward with your right leg and thrust to his face.
 
It happens that you stand in the Gesicht Stoss with your left foot forward and hold your Halberd at the chest such that the edge is turned upwards. Then immediately follow outward with your right leg and thrust to his face.
Line 4,797: Line 4,797:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[5] A Bind from which a Reyssen (Snatch) Proceeds'''
+
[5] '''A Bind from which a Reyssen (Snatch) Proceeds'''
  
 
It happens that you stand in the bind with your left foot forward, your Halberd’s rearmost point at your right hip and the point opposite his face. Bind him from your right to his left side and then immediately wind your Halberd quickly over his and snatch it towards you.
 
It happens that you stand in the bind with your left foot forward, your Halberd’s rearmost point at your right hip and the point opposite his face. Bind him from your right to his left side and then immediately wind your Halberd quickly over his and snatch it towards you.
Line 4,814: Line 4,814:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[6] A Bind with an Upper Sperzen (Obstruction)'''
+
[6] '''A Bind with an Upper Sperzen (Obstruction)'''
  
 
It happens at this closing that you stand with your left foot forward and he stands opposite to you in the bind with his left foot set forward. Wind forward at his Halberd in the bind and turn your blade to set it over his hook.
 
It happens at this closing that you stand with your left foot forward and he stands opposite to you in the bind with his left foot set forward. Wind forward at his Halberd in the bind and turn your blade to set it over his hook.
Line 4,833: Line 4,833:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[7] An Upper Strike with a Lower Reyssen (snatch)'''
+
[7] '''An Upper Strike with a Lower Reyssen (snatch)'''
  
 
It happens that you stand in the Upper Strike with your left foot forward and hold your Halberd in the Oberhau. He then stands likewise opposite to you with his left foot set forward and his Halberd opposite of your face. Take this aside with the Oberhau and at the same time snatch towards you from your left to your right side (shown in illustration). Then move up with your Halberd into his face.
 
It happens that you stand in the Upper Strike with your left foot forward and hold your Halberd in the Oberhau. He then stands likewise opposite to you with his left foot set forward and his Halberd opposite of your face. Take this aside with the Oberhau and at the same time snatch towards you from your left to your right side (shown in illustration). Then move up with your Halberd into his face.
Line 4,852: Line 4,852:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[8] A High Winding out of the Bind with a Lower Sperzen (Obstruction)'''
+
[8] '''A High Winding out of the Bind with a Lower Sperzen (Obstruction)'''
  
 
It happens that you stand in this technique with your left foot forward and your Halberd at your right chest with the point opposite his face. Immediately step in with your right foot and hit him with an inverted strike to his head.
 
It happens that you stand in this technique with your left foot forward and your Halberd at your right chest with the point opposite his face. Immediately step in with your right foot and hit him with an inverted strike to his head.
Line 4,871: Line 4,871:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[9] An Inside Arm Thrust against a Face Thrust'''
+
[9] '''An Inside Arm Thrust against a Face Thrust'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing and he thrusts to your face, step in with your left foot and thrust inside of his left arm. At the same time set the blade upon him and with it shove him away from you to his right side so that his thrust is in vain. Then quickly yank your Halberd towards you and thrust your foremost point to his chest.
 
When you come together at the closing and he thrusts to your face, step in with your left foot and thrust inside of his left arm. At the same time set the blade upon him and with it shove him away from you to his right side so that his thrust is in vain. Then quickly yank your Halberd towards you and thrust your foremost point to his chest.
Line 4,890: Line 4,890:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[10] A Chest Thrust with a Sperzen'''
+
[10] '''A Chest Thrust with a Sperzen'''
  
 
It happens that you stand in this technique with your left foot forward and hold your Halberd above your right chest. Then immediately thrust with the foremost point of your Halberd to his chest.
 
It happens that you stand in this technique with your left foot forward and hold your Halberd above your right chest. Then immediately thrust with the foremost point of your Halberd to his chest.
Line 4,909: Line 4,909:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 11.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 11.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[11] A Prusthau from below against an Oberhau with a Reyssen (Snatch)'''
+
[11] '''A Prusthau from below against an Oberhau with a Reyssen (Snatch)'''
  
 
It happens that you stand at the closing with your right foot forward and go forth with the Prusthau (chest strike) from below to his left arm and change up your hand on your Halberd.  Then immediately pivot from your right to your left side and snatch to yourself (seen in illustration).
 
It happens that you stand at the closing with your right foot forward and go forth with the Prusthau (chest strike) from below to his left arm and change up your hand on your Halberd.  Then immediately pivot from your right to your left side and snatch to yourself (seen in illustration).
Line 4,928: Line 4,928:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 12.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 12.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[12] Two Reyssen from above out of the Bind'''
+
[12] '''Two Reyssen from above out of the Bind'''
  
 
When you both come together at the closing and the opponent has initiated the bind, step with your right foot in front of your left and wind your blade forward around his neck.
 
When you both come together at the closing and the opponent has initiated the bind, step with your right foot in front of your left and wind your blade forward around his neck.
Line 4,947: Line 4,947:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 13.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 13.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[13] A Reyssen from Below against a Gewalt Stoss (Power Thrust)'''
+
[13] '''A Reyssen from Below against a Gewalt Stoss (Power Thrust)'''
  
 
It happens that you stand with your left foot forward and hold your Halberd near your left leg with the blade directed at the opponent. He then stands opposite to you in the Gewalt Stoss (Power Thrust) with his left foot set forward and intends to thrust towards you. So go forward with your Halberd around his leg and pivot from your left to your right side (as in illustration). Thus you snatch him towards you, his thrust can bring you little harm and you can also throw him.
 
It happens that you stand with your left foot forward and hold your Halberd near your left leg with the blade directed at the opponent. He then stands opposite to you in the Gewalt Stoss (Power Thrust) with his left foot set forward and intends to thrust towards you. So go forward with your Halberd around his leg and pivot from your left to your right side (as in illustration). Thus you snatch him towards you, his thrust can bring you little harm and you can also throw him.
Line 4,964: Line 4,964:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 14.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 14.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[14] A Winding with a Throw'''
+
[14] '''A Winding with a Throw'''
  
 
When you both come together at the closing and have equally bound upon each other, change through at his Halberd from his right to his left side and thrust to his left arm. Should he perceive this thrust and displace it, change through double and seek his nearest opening.
 
When you both come together at the closing and have equally bound upon each other, change through at his Halberd from his right to his left side and thrust to his left arm. Should he perceive this thrust and displace it, change through double and seek his nearest opening.
Line 4,981: Line 4,981:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 15.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 15.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[15] An Ubergeen (Going Over) from above along with a Side Thrust'''
+
[15] '''An Ubergeen (Going Over) from above along with a Side Thrust'''
  
 
It happens that you stand at this closing with your left foot forward and hold your Halberd at your right side with the point directed against the opponent. He then stands also like this against you at the closing. Bind with him equally and then wind your blade behind his hook and shove upwards with it.  
 
It happens that you stand at this closing with your left foot forward and hold your Halberd at your right side with the point directed against the opponent. He then stands also like this against you at the closing. Bind with him equally and then wind your blade behind his hook and shove upwards with it.  
Line 4,998: Line 4,998:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 16.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 16.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[16] An Underhau with an Absetzen in the Half-Halberd'''
+
[16] '''An Underhau with an Absetzen in the Half-Halberd'''
  
 
It happens that you stand at the closing against the opponent with your left foot forward and hold your Halberd at your right side. He then stands likewise opposite to you in the Underhau with his right foot set forward and the Halberd on his left side. Stroke upwards towards his face with your Halberd.
 
It happens that you stand at the closing against the opponent with your left foot forward and hold your Halberd at your right side. He then stands likewise opposite to you in the Underhau with his right foot set forward and the Halberd on his left side. Stroke upwards towards his face with your Halberd.
Line 5,019: Line 5,019:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 17.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 17.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[17] A Cut with a Throw out of the Hacken (Leg Hook)'''
+
[17] '''A Cut with a Throw out of the Hacken (Leg Hook)'''
  
 
Hold yourself as follows at the closing out of a Schnit (cut) from above. Stand with your right foot forward and hold your Halberd above your head with the blade turned upwards.
 
Hold yourself as follows at the closing out of a Schnit (cut) from above. Stand with your right foot forward and hold your Halberd above your head with the blade turned upwards.
Line 5,042: Line 5,042:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 18.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 18.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[18] A Verkerer (Inverter) against an Underhau'''
+
[18] '''A Verkerer (Inverter) against an Underhau'''
  
 
It happens in the Verkerer (inverter) that you pivot around on your right foot to your left side in an Oberhau such that your left foot is turned against the opponent. Then immediately strike to his head with an Oberhau.  
 
It happens in the Verkerer (inverter) that you pivot around on your right foot to your left side in an Oberhau such that your left foot is turned against the opponent. Then immediately strike to his head with an Oberhau.  
Line 5,059: Line 5,059:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 19.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 19.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[19] A Halberd Capture with a Throw'''
+
[19] '''A Halberd Capture with a Throw'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing and have bound equally with each other, change through from his right to his left side with a thrust. If he takes this aside, step in with your right leg and take his blade away with your rearmost point at your right side.
 
When you come together at the closing and have bound equally with each other, change through from his right to his left side with a thrust. If he takes this aside, step in with your right leg and take his blade away with your rearmost point at your right side.
Line 5,078: Line 5,078:
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 20.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair halberd 20.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[20] A Bainpruch (Leg Lock) against a Nackstoss (Neck Thrust)'''
+
[20] '''A Bainpruch (Leg Lock) against a Nackstoss (Neck Thrust)'''
  
 
When you come together at the closing and have bound each other equally, hold your Halberd opposite his face and then immediately change aside on his Halberd and thrust to his face.  Should he perceive this thrust and displace it, step in with your right foot and wind your rearmost point from below to his left arm.
 
When you come together at the closing and have bound each other equally, hold your Halberd opposite his face and then immediately change aside on his Halberd and thrust to his face.  Should he perceive this thrust and displace it, step in with your right foot and wind your rearmost point from below to his left arm.
Line 5,100: Line 5,100:
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Version]]</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 5,110: Line 5,110:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 33.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 33.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[21] The Crossed Guard against the Low'''
+
[21] '''The Crossed Guard against the Low'''
  
 
Hold yourself like this in this piece in the approach: Step in toward him with your left leg and go up out from the lower guard with a thrust to his face. If he stabs you from below like this and you stand against him in the crossed guard with your right foot forward, then step in with your left leg and cut from above to oppose his thrust as you step. Push it downwards so that you take his thrust away. If he has cut at you in this way and taken away your thrust, then wind your blade from your left side against his halberd on his left side, thus you block him. In the same moment, then pull the halberd and thrust toward his face or chest. If he stabs at you like this, then take it away with your blade on your left side. In the same instant, cut to his head with your blade. Turn yourself twice back away from him.
 
Hold yourself like this in this piece in the approach: Step in toward him with your left leg and go up out from the lower guard with a thrust to his face. If he stabs you from below like this and you stand against him in the crossed guard with your right foot forward, then step in with your left leg and cut from above to oppose his thrust as you step. Push it downwards so that you take his thrust away. If he has cut at you in this way and taken away your thrust, then wind your blade from your left side against his halberd on his left side, thus you block him. In the same moment, then pull the halberd and thrust toward his face or chest. If he stabs at you like this, then take it away with your blade on your left side. In the same instant, cut to his head with your blade. Turn yourself twice back away from him.
Line 5,131: Line 5,131:
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[1] Two High Cuts with the Scythe'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[1] '''Two High Cuts with the Scythe'''</p>
  
 
Present yourself like so in this piece: When you both are going together, stand with your left foot ahead and hold your scythe on your right side with your left hand at the lower grip, your right on the middle one. At that moment cut to his left side, in around toward his right arm. If he cuts at you like that and you also are standing with your left foot toward him, and you too are holding your scythe on your right side with your left hand at the lower grip, your right at the middle one, then leap in a triangle and set his cut off outside in front with your scythe on your right side. Now step in there out of triangle with your left leg and cut at his neck. If he cuts high at you in that way, then step backwards with your left leg and parry his cut outside in front on your scythe. In the same moment, nimbly step in there again and wind your scythe behind your head and out from there with a cut from your left side to the right side of his head, and with that, step back away from him.
 
Present yourself like so in this piece: When you both are going together, stand with your left foot ahead and hold your scythe on your right side with your left hand at the lower grip, your right on the middle one. At that moment cut to his left side, in around toward his right arm. If he cuts at you like that and you also are standing with your left foot toward him, and you too are holding your scythe on your right side with your left hand at the lower grip, your right at the middle one, then leap in a triangle and set his cut off outside in front with your scythe on your right side. Now step in there out of triangle with your left leg and cut at his neck. If he cuts high at you in that way, then step backwards with your left leg and parry his cut outside in front on your scythe. In the same moment, nimbly step in there again and wind your scythe behind your head and out from there with a cut from your left side to the right side of his head, and with that, step back away from him.
Line 5,152: Line 5,152:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[2] Two Low Cuts'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[2] '''Two Low Cuts'''</p>
  
 
If you are both coming together, then conduct yourself like this in this piece: Stand with your right foot in front and hold your scythe in a low cut with your right hand at your middle grip, your left at your lower one. At that moment step doubly in a triangle and cut to his right arm from behind your head so that your arms come crosswise one over the other. If he cuts at you like this, and you also stand with your right foot toward him, and you hold your scythe in a low cut, your right hand at your middle grip, your left at the lower one, then go up out of your low cut and take his cut away on the outside of your scythe on your right side. At that moment, step in a triangle on your left side with your left leg and wind your scythe behind your head and back out to his head, so that your arms come crosswise, one over the other. In the same moment, step back from him with a good parry.
 
If you are both coming together, then conduct yourself like this in this piece: Stand with your right foot in front and hold your scythe in a low cut with your right hand at your middle grip, your left at your lower one. At that moment step doubly in a triangle and cut to his right arm from behind your head so that your arms come crosswise one over the other. If he cuts at you like this, and you also stand with your right foot toward him, and you hold your scythe in a low cut, your right hand at your middle grip, your left at the lower one, then go up out of your low cut and take his cut away on the outside of your scythe on your right side. At that moment, step in a triangle on your left side with your left leg and wind your scythe behind your head and back out to his head, so that your arms come crosswise, one over the other. In the same moment, step back from him with a good parry.
Line 5,164: Line 5,164:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[3] Two Middle Cuts'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[3] '''Two Middle Cuts'''</p>
  
 
Hold yourself like this with this piece: When you are both closing together, stand with your left foot in front and hold your scythe on your right side, with your [left]* hand at your lower grip, your right at your middle one. At that moment, follow in after with your right leg and cut around his body with your scythe toward his right side. If he cuts a middle cut to you like this, and you also stand with your left foot toward him, and you also hold your scythe on your right side with your right hand at your middle grip, your left at your lower one, then step in there in a triangle with your right leg and wind your scythe behind your head and out again so that your arms come cross-wise over each other with a cut toward the right side of his body. If he cuts at you with a middle cut like this, then go inside to him with your scythe at his scythe. Shove strongly with it away from you on your right side. In that moment, step with your left leg to his right side and cut to his head. Step away from him with it.
 
Hold yourself like this with this piece: When you are both closing together, stand with your left foot in front and hold your scythe on your right side, with your [left]* hand at your lower grip, your right at your middle one. At that moment, follow in after with your right leg and cut around his body with your scythe toward his right side. If he cuts a middle cut to you like this, and you also stand with your left foot toward him, and you also hold your scythe on your right side with your right hand at your middle grip, your left at your lower one, then step in there in a triangle with your right leg and wind your scythe behind your head and out again so that your arms come cross-wise over each other with a cut toward the right side of his body. If he cuts at you with a middle cut like this, then go inside to him with your scythe at his scythe. Shove strongly with it away from you on your right side. In that moment, step with your left leg to his right side and cut to his head. Step away from him with it.
Line 5,176: Line 5,176:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[4] Taking Away Against a High Cut'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[4] '''Taking Away Against a High Cut'''</p>
  
 
If you are both going together, then hold yourself like this in this piece: Stand with your left foot in front and hold your scythe in front of your body, toward the man, with your right hand at the middle grip, your left at your lower one. In that moment quickly cut toward his head. If he cuts high to you like this, and you are also standing with your left foot toward him, and you are holding your scythe high in front of your face with your right hand at your middle grip, your left at your lower one, then take away his high cut with your haft on your left side. If he has taken you away in this manner, then wind through underneath and quickly cut* to him with the point of your scythe toward his head. If he wishes to set you aside and cut at you like this, then go up with your scythe and take him away on the outside your scythe on your right side. At that moment, cut toward the left side of his head. With that, step backwards from him.
 
If you are both going together, then hold yourself like this in this piece: Stand with your left foot in front and hold your scythe in front of your body, toward the man, with your right hand at the middle grip, your left at your lower one. In that moment quickly cut toward his head. If he cuts high to you like this, and you are also standing with your left foot toward him, and you are holding your scythe high in front of your face with your right hand at your middle grip, your left at your lower one, then take away his high cut with your haft on your left side. If he has taken you away in this manner, then wind through underneath and quickly cut* to him with the point of your scythe toward his head. If he wishes to set you aside and cut at you like this, then go up with your scythe and take him away on the outside your scythe on your right side. At that moment, cut toward the left side of his head. With that, step backwards from him.
Line 5,188: Line 5,188:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[5] Crossed Cut against a Straight One'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[5] '''Crossed Cut against a Straight One'''</p>
  
 
Conduct yourself like this in this piece: When you are closing with each other, stand with your right foot in front and hold your scythe straight to the man with your left hand at your lower grip, your right at your middle one. At that moment, cut around his body toward his right leg*. If he cuts low at you like this, and you are also standing with your left foot toward him, and you hold your scythe toward the man with cross-wise arms, then take it away below with your haft on your left side. At that moment, quickly cut toward his neck. If he cuts high at you like this, then step around on your right side with your left leg and take away his cut with your hilt on your right side. In that moment cut toward his left (forward) leg. If he cuts low at you in this manner, then set your lower grip of your scythe before your left leg and step with your right to your left and with that, take his low cut away. In the same moment, go up and cut toward his neck. Step back away from him with it.
 
Conduct yourself like this in this piece: When you are closing with each other, stand with your right foot in front and hold your scythe straight to the man with your left hand at your lower grip, your right at your middle one. At that moment, cut around his body toward his right leg*. If he cuts low at you like this, and you are also standing with your left foot toward him, and you hold your scythe toward the man with cross-wise arms, then take it away below with your haft on your left side. At that moment, quickly cut toward his neck. If he cuts high at you like this, then step around on your right side with your left leg and take away his cut with your hilt on your right side. In that moment cut toward his left (forward) leg. If he cuts low at you in this manner, then set your lower grip of your scythe before your left leg and step with your right to your left and with that, take his low cut away. In the same moment, go up and cut toward his neck. Step back away from him with it.
Line 5,200: Line 5,200:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[6] Two Arm-cuts'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[6] '''Two Arm-cuts'''</p>
  
 
If the two of you are going together, then conduct yourself like this in this piece: stand with your right foot ahead and hold your scythe toward the man in a high cut, with your right hand at your middle grip, your left at your lower one. In that moment cut outside to his right arm. If he cuts high at you like this, and you are also standing with your right foot toward him, and you hold your scythe toward the man with your right hand at your middle grip, your left at your lower one, then set him aside with your lower grip. At that moment cut at him from below to the inside of his right arm. If he cuts at you from below in this way, then exchange your left hand from your lower grip to the middle one, and your right to where your left stood at the lower grip, thus you escape from his cut. In that moment, quickly cut at him from underneath toward his right arm and with that, step back away from him in a good parry with your scythe.
 
If the two of you are going together, then conduct yourself like this in this piece: stand with your right foot ahead and hold your scythe toward the man in a high cut, with your right hand at your middle grip, your left at your lower one. In that moment cut outside to his right arm. If he cuts high at you like this, and you are also standing with your right foot toward him, and you hold your scythe toward the man with your right hand at your middle grip, your left at your lower one, then set him aside with your lower grip. At that moment cut at him from below to the inside of his right arm. If he cuts at you from below in this way, then exchange your left hand from your lower grip to the middle one, and your right to where your left stood at the lower grip, thus you escape from his cut. In that moment, quickly cut at him from underneath toward his right arm and with that, step back away from him in a good parry with your scythe.
Line 5,212: Line 5,212:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[7] A Cut against a Taking-away'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[7] '''A Cut against a Taking-away'''</p>
  
 
Conduct yourself like so in this piece if you are both coming together: Stand with your left foot forward and hold your scythe straight before your body, with your right hand at your middle grip, your left at your lower one. In that moment, quickly cut toward his right arm. If he cuts at you like this, and you stand with your right foot toward him, and you hold your scythe toward the man with your left hand at your lower grip, your right at your middle one, then go up with your scythe and take his cut away with it on your right side. At that moment, cut toward his right arm with your scythe. If he cuts at you like this, then take that away on your haft, between your two hands. In that instant, let your left hand loose from your lower grip and step back away with your left leg, thus you escape out from his cut. Next, grab hold of your lower grip again with your left hand and step around and in again with your left leg. With that, cut to the right side of his neck and step back from him.
 
Conduct yourself like so in this piece if you are both coming together: Stand with your left foot forward and hold your scythe straight before your body, with your right hand at your middle grip, your left at your lower one. In that moment, quickly cut toward his right arm. If he cuts at you like this, and you stand with your right foot toward him, and you hold your scythe toward the man with your left hand at your lower grip, your right at your middle one, then go up with your scythe and take his cut away with it on your right side. At that moment, cut toward his right arm with your scythe. If he cuts at you like this, then take that away on your haft, between your two hands. In that instant, let your left hand loose from your lower grip and step back away with your left leg, thus you escape out from his cut. Next, grab hold of your lower grip again with your left hand and step around and in again with your left leg. With that, cut to the right side of his neck and step back from him.
Line 5,224: Line 5,224:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[8] A High Cut against a Low One'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[8] '''A High Cut against a Low One'''</p>
  
 
When you are both coming together, then conduct yourself like so in this piece: Stand with your right foot forward and hold your scythe straight toward the man. At that moment, quickly cut below toward his left (forward-placed) leg. If he cuts low to you like this, and you stand with your left foot toward him, and you hold your scythe high on your right side, your left hand at your lower grip, your right at your middle one, then go to him with your scythe around the left side of his neck. Pull him to you with it, thus you are free from his low cut. If he cuts high at you like this and pulls you to him, then let your left hand go from your lower grip, put it on his haft and shove strongly upward, thus you take away his high cut. In that moment, grab hold of your lower grip again with your left hand and step back with your right leg, thus you are able to cut his left foot away.
 
When you are both coming together, then conduct yourself like so in this piece: Stand with your right foot forward and hold your scythe straight toward the man. At that moment, quickly cut below toward his left (forward-placed) leg. If he cuts low to you like this, and you stand with your left foot toward him, and you hold your scythe high on your right side, your left hand at your lower grip, your right at your middle one, then go to him with your scythe around the left side of his neck. Pull him to you with it, thus you are free from his low cut. If he cuts high at you like this and pulls you to him, then let your left hand go from your lower grip, put it on his haft and shove strongly upward, thus you take away his high cut. In that moment, grab hold of your lower grip again with your left hand and step back with your right leg, thus you are able to cut his left foot away.
Line 5,236: Line 5,236:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[9] A Taking-Away against a High Cut'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[9] '''A Taking-Away against a High Cut'''</p>
  
 
Present yourself like this in this piece: If you are both coming together, stand with your right foot ahead and hold your scythe extended toward the man, with your left hand at the lower grip, your right at the middle one. At that very moment, cut toward his head. If he cuts high to you like this, and you also stand with your right foot toward him, and you hold your scythe extended in front of your face, with your left hand at the lower grip, your right at the middle one, then take it away with the haft of your scythe on your right side. In the same instant step in a triangle with your right leg and cut him with your scythe behind and around your head to the right side of his neck. If he cuts at you from above like this, then go against him again and take away his cut to the outside on your scythe. At the same moment, follow in after with your left leg and cut toward his head. Step back away from him with this.
 
Present yourself like this in this piece: If you are both coming together, stand with your right foot ahead and hold your scythe extended toward the man, with your left hand at the lower grip, your right at the middle one. At that very moment, cut toward his head. If he cuts high to you like this, and you also stand with your right foot toward him, and you hold your scythe extended in front of your face, with your left hand at the lower grip, your right at the middle one, then take it away with the haft of your scythe on your right side. In the same instant step in a triangle with your right leg and cut him with your scythe behind and around your head to the right side of his neck. If he cuts at you from above like this, then go against him again and take away his cut to the outside on your scythe. At the same moment, follow in after with your left leg and cut toward his head. Step back away from him with this.
Line 5,248: Line 5,248:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair scythe 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[10] A High Cut against a Cut to the Groin'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[10] '''A High Cut against a Cut to the Groin'''</p>
  
 
When you both are coming together, then present yourself like so in this piece: Stand with your left foot forward and hold your scythe extended before your body toward the man, with your right hand at the lower grip on your right side, your left at your middle one. At that moment, quickly cut toward the right side of his neck. If he cuts high at you like this, and you are standing with your right foot toward him, and you hold the scythe in a low cut, with your left hand at your lower grip in front of your face, your right at your middle one, then take away his high cut with the haft of your scythe on your right side. In that moment, cut between both his legs to his crotch. If he cuts you from below in this way, then be sure to go down and force his scythe away with the haft of your scythe, thus you take away his shot to your crotch with it. In that instant go up again with your scythe and cut toward the right side of his neck. With this, cut it to the ground.
 
When you both are coming together, then present yourself like so in this piece: Stand with your left foot forward and hold your scythe extended before your body toward the man, with your right hand at the lower grip on your right side, your left at your middle one. At that moment, quickly cut toward the right side of his neck. If he cuts high at you like this, and you are standing with your right foot toward him, and you hold the scythe in a low cut, with your left hand at your lower grip in front of your face, your right at your middle one, then take away his high cut with the haft of your scythe on your right side. In that moment, cut between both his legs to his crotch. If he cuts you from below in this way, then be sure to go down and force his scythe away with the haft of your scythe, thus you take away his shot to your crotch with it. In that instant go up again with your scythe and cut toward the right side of his neck. With this, cut it to the ground.
Line 5,269: Line 5,269:
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Jason Taylor]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Jason Taylor]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 5,279: Line 5,279:
 
| [[file:Mair flail 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair flail 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[1] Two over-strikes with the flail'''
+
[1] '''Two over-strikes with the flail'''
  
 
Item: Do like this: in this play, when you come together, stand with your left foot forward and hold your flail with your left hand at the lower end, and your flail-head and staff next to each other in your right hand. In this play, strike him with your flail-head to the right side of his head. If he strikes you in this way, and you are standing also with your left foot stand against him, and hold your flail with your left hand by the back end, and with your flail-head and staff beside each other in your right hand, displace his strike (lit. “take his strike off”) with your flail-head to your left side. Simultaneously exchange your left hand in place of your right and follow with your right leg in and strike him with the back end against his left arm. If he strikes at you in this way, hang with your staff on your right side; displace his strike with that; simultaneously step in a triangle and strike him with your flail-head to his head. With that, step back from him.
 
Item: Do like this: in this play, when you come together, stand with your left foot forward and hold your flail with your left hand at the lower end, and your flail-head and staff next to each other in your right hand. In this play, strike him with your flail-head to the right side of his head. If he strikes you in this way, and you are standing also with your left foot stand against him, and hold your flail with your left hand by the back end, and with your flail-head and staff beside each other in your right hand, displace his strike (lit. “take his strike off”) with your flail-head to your left side. Simultaneously exchange your left hand in place of your right and follow with your right leg in and strike him with the back end against his left arm. If he strikes at you in this way, hang with your staff on your right side; displace his strike with that; simultaneously step in a triangle and strike him with your flail-head to his head. With that, step back from him.
Line 5,292: Line 5,292:
 
| [[file:Mair flail 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair flail 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[2] An over-strike against a taking away'''
+
[2] '''An over-strike against a taking away'''
  
 
Item: When you come together, do like this: In this play, stand with your left foot forward and hold your flail with your right hand high on your staff, and your left at the back end. Meanwhile, strike him with your flail-head to the head. If he would strike you from above in this way, and you also stand with your left foot against him and hold your flail with your left hand by the back end, and your right hand in the middle of your staff, then step in with your right leg and displace the strike to the right side. With this, follow with your left leg in and strike him with your flail-head to the right side of his body. If he strikes to you in this way, step with your left foot backward and displace him with your flail-head to your right side. Meanwhile, step nimbly in a triangle and strike him with your flail-head to his right side; with that, step back from him.
 
Item: When you come together, do like this: In this play, stand with your left foot forward and hold your flail with your right hand high on your staff, and your left at the back end. Meanwhile, strike him with your flail-head to the head. If he would strike you from above in this way, and you also stand with your left foot against him and hold your flail with your left hand by the back end, and your right hand in the middle of your staff, then step in with your right leg and displace the strike to the right side. With this, follow with your left leg in and strike him with your flail-head to the right side of his body. If he strikes to you in this way, step with your left foot backward and displace him with your flail-head to your right side. Meanwhile, step nimbly in a triangle and strike him with your flail-head to his right side; with that, step back from him.
Line 5,305: Line 5,305:
 
| [[file:Mair flail 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair flail 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[3] Two binds with the flail'''
+
[3] '''Two binds with the flail'''
  
 
Item: Do like this in this play: When you come together, stand with your left foot forward and hold your flail in the bind with your left hand by the back end, and your right hand in the middle of your staff. Meanwhile, strike him with your flail-head to the right side of his head. If strikes you from above in this way, and you stand with your right foot against him and hold your flail also with your right hand in the middle of your staff, your left on the back end, then drive against his strike with your flail and bind him on the staff of his flail. With that, displace his strike away to your left side as you follow with your left leg in and strike him with your flail-head to the right side of his body. If he strikes you in this way to your right side, then displace him with your flail to your left side as you step with your right leg to his left side and strike him with your flail to his head. With that, step back from him.
 
Item: Do like this in this play: When you come together, stand with your left foot forward and hold your flail in the bind with your left hand by the back end, and your right hand in the middle of your staff. Meanwhile, strike him with your flail-head to the right side of his head. If strikes you from above in this way, and you stand with your right foot against him and hold your flail also with your right hand in the middle of your staff, your left on the back end, then drive against his strike with your flail and bind him on the staff of his flail. With that, displace his strike away to your left side as you follow with your left leg in and strike him with your flail-head to the right side of his body. If he strikes you in this way to your right side, then displace him with your flail to your left side as you step with your right leg to his left side and strike him with your flail to his head. With that, step back from him.
Line 5,318: Line 5,318:
 
| [[file:Mair flail 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair flail 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[4] A strike to the head against a taking-off.'''
+
[4] '''A strike to the head against a taking-off.'''
  
 
Item: When you come together, do like this in this play: stand with your right foot forward. Hold the flail with both hands on the rear end of your staff. Meanwhile, strike him to the right side with the flail-head. If he strikes you from above in this way and you stand with your left foot against him and hold your flail with your right hand in the middle of your staff, your left by the back end, and stand truly in the Scales, so step back with your left leg and displace his strike away with the staff of your flail toward your left side. Simultaneously step nimbly with your left leg in again and strike him to the right side of his head. If he strikes at you in this way from above, displace him to the right side; meanwhile, follow in with your left leg and strike him on the right side of his head. If he strikes you in this way, then displace him to your right side. Meanwhile, follow with your left leg behind, and strike him to the left side of his head, and step back from him.
 
Item: When you come together, do like this in this play: stand with your right foot forward. Hold the flail with both hands on the rear end of your staff. Meanwhile, strike him to the right side with the flail-head. If he strikes you from above in this way and you stand with your left foot against him and hold your flail with your right hand in the middle of your staff, your left by the back end, and stand truly in the Scales, so step back with your left leg and displace his strike away with the staff of your flail toward your left side. Simultaneously step nimbly with your left leg in again and strike him to the right side of his head. If he strikes at you in this way from above, displace him to the right side; meanwhile, follow in with your left leg and strike him on the right side of his head. If he strikes you in this way, then displace him to your right side. Meanwhile, follow with your left leg behind, and strike him to the left side of his head, and step back from him.
Line 5,331: Line 5,331:
 
| [[file:Mair flail 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair flail 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[5] An over-strike with the flail'''
+
[5] '''An over-strike with the flail'''
  
 
Item: Do like this: In this play, when you come together, stand with your right foot forward and hold your flail with your right hand in the middle of your staff, your left hand at the back end. Meanwhile, strike him with your flail-head to his extended left leg. If he strikes you below in this way, then withdraw your foot; meanwhile, step nimbly in again with the aforementioned leg upon his flail. So is his strike in vain. Meanwhile, strike him with your flail-head to his head or shoulder on his right side so that you bring the arms crosswise over each other. If he strikes at you in this way from above, and has stepped with his left foot upon your flail, then again seize your staff with your right hand. Meanwhile, step with your right leg back and pull your flail hard to you. So you escape the strike. Meanwhile, step nimbly with your right foot again and strike him with your staff to his arm. With that, withdraw yourself back from him.
 
Item: Do like this: In this play, when you come together, stand with your right foot forward and hold your flail with your right hand in the middle of your staff, your left hand at the back end. Meanwhile, strike him with your flail-head to his extended left leg. If he strikes you below in this way, then withdraw your foot; meanwhile, step nimbly in again with the aforementioned leg upon his flail. So is his strike in vain. Meanwhile, strike him with your flail-head to his head or shoulder on his right side so that you bring the arms crosswise over each other. If he strikes at you in this way from above, and has stepped with his left foot upon your flail, then again seize your staff with your right hand. Meanwhile, step with your right leg back and pull your flail hard to you. So you escape the strike. Meanwhile, step nimbly with your right foot again and strike him with your staff to his arm. With that, withdraw yourself back from him.
Line 5,344: Line 5,344:
 
| [[file:Mair flail 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair flail 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[6] An over-strike against a middle'''
+
[6] '''An over-strike against a middle'''
  
 
Item: When you come together, do like this: In this play stand with your left foot forward and hold your flail with both hands on your staff against the man on the right side. Meanwhile, strike him a middle blow with your flail-head to his body, in and around from his left side to his right. If he strikes you to your body in this way, and you stand with your right foot against him and hold your flail in the high guard against the man with both hands on the staff, then drive under with the staff, and with that displace his staff to your right side. Meanwhile, strike him with your flail-head to his head. If he strikes you also from above in this way, then step with your left leg back and drive over with your flail, and displace his strike out and away to your left side. Meanwhile, step in again with the aforementioned leg and strike with your flail to the left side of his neck; with that , step back from him.
 
Item: When you come together, do like this: In this play stand with your left foot forward and hold your flail with both hands on your staff against the man on the right side. Meanwhile, strike him a middle blow with your flail-head to his body, in and around from his left side to his right. If he strikes you to your body in this way, and you stand with your right foot against him and hold your flail in the high guard against the man with both hands on the staff, then drive under with the staff, and with that displace his staff to your right side. Meanwhile, strike him with your flail-head to his head. If he strikes you also from above in this way, then step with your left leg back and drive over with your flail, and displace his strike out and away to your left side. Meanwhile, step in again with the aforementioned leg and strike with your flail to the left side of his neck; with that , step back from him.
Line 5,357: Line 5,357:
 
| [[file:Mair flail 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair flail 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[7] An over-strike against an under-strike'''
+
[7] '''An over-strike against an under-strike'''
  
 
Item: Do like this: With this play, when you come together, stand against the man with your left foot forward truly in the Scales and hold your flail so that the staff is in both hands on the ground. Meanwhile, strike him with your flail-head to his left extended foot. If he strikes you below in this way, then withdraw your left leg back, step with that out of his strike; instantly step with the aforementioned foot nimbly in again and strike him with your flail-head to his back. If he then stands in the Scales against you, and strikes you in this way from above, then step with your left leg back and displace his strike away with your flail to your right side. Instantly step with your left foot in again and strike him with your flail-head to the right side of his body. If he displaces that, then step in the triangle and strike him with your flail-head to his head. With that, step back from him.
 
Item: Do like this: With this play, when you come together, stand against the man with your left foot forward truly in the Scales and hold your flail so that the staff is in both hands on the ground. Meanwhile, strike him with your flail-head to his left extended foot. If he strikes you below in this way, then withdraw your left leg back, step with that out of his strike; instantly step with the aforementioned foot nimbly in again and strike him with your flail-head to his back. If he then stands in the Scales against you, and strikes you in this way from above, then step with your left leg back and displace his strike away with your flail to your right side. Instantly step with your left foot in again and strike him with your flail-head to the right side of his body. If he displaces that, then step in the triangle and strike him with your flail-head to his head. With that, step back from him.
Line 5,370: Line 5,370:
 
| [[file:Mair flail 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair flail 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[8] Two more over strikes'''
+
[8] '''Two more over strikes'''
  
 
Item: When you come together, so hold yourself like this: With this play stand with your right foot forward and hold your flail with your right hand in the middle of your staff, your left hand by the back end. Meanwhile, strike him with your flail-head to his left arm. If he strikes you in this way from above, and you also stand against him with your right foot and hold your flail with your right hand on the flail-head, your left on the lower end by the chest, then displace him with your staff to your left side and, with that, strike him to his neck on his left side. If he strikes you from above in this way, then displace him with the staff of your flail to the left side, simultaneously step with your left leg twice on the triangle and strike him with your flail-head to the right side of his body. If he sets that aside, then strike him with the lower end (of your staff) to the left side of his head; with that, step back from him.
 
Item: When you come together, so hold yourself like this: With this play stand with your right foot forward and hold your flail with your right hand in the middle of your staff, your left hand by the back end. Meanwhile, strike him with your flail-head to his left arm. If he strikes you in this way from above, and you also stand against him with your right foot and hold your flail with your right hand on the flail-head, your left on the lower end by the chest, then displace him with your staff to your left side and, with that, strike him to his neck on his left side. If he strikes you from above in this way, then displace him with the staff of your flail to the left side, simultaneously step with your left leg twice on the triangle and strike him with your flail-head to the right side of his body. If he sets that aside, then strike him with the lower end (of your staff) to the left side of his head; with that, step back from him.
Line 5,391: Line 5,391:
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Reinier van Noort]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Reinier van Noort]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/>by [[Saskia Roselaar]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/>by [[Saskia Roselaar]]</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
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Line 5,401: Line 5,401:
 
| [[file:Mair peasant staff 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair peasant staff 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[1] Two upper strikes with the peasant staff'''
+
[1] '''Two upper strikes with the peasant staff'''
  
 
Arrange yourself so in this piece when you go together. Stand with your left foot forward, and hold your staff up on your right side next to your head. Then step to with your right leg and strike him to his head on his left side.
 
Arrange yourself so in this piece when you go together. Stand with your left foot forward, and hold your staff up on your right side next to your head. Then step to with your right leg and strike him to his head on his left side.
Line 5,418: Line 5,418:
 
| [[file:Mair peasant staff 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair peasant staff 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[2] A bind with the peasant staff'''
+
[2] '''A bind with the peasant staff'''
  
When you go together, then arrange yourself so in this piece. Stand with your right foot forward and hold your staff with your left hand at your back end, your right in the middle with a stretched arm. If he then also stands with his right foot against you and holds his staff in both hands like you and strikes towards you, then also drive towards his strike with your staff [and] bind him with that. When you have bound him so and you feel that he resists you strongly, then step with your left leg on his right side, and strike him to his right arm.
+
When you go together, then arrange yourself so in this piece. Stand with your right foot forward and hold your staff with your left hand at your back end, your right in the middle with a stretched arm. If he then also stands with his right foot against you and holds his staff in both hands like you and strikes towards you, then also drive towards his strike with your staff [and] '''bind him with that. When you have bound him so and you feel that he resists you strongly, then step with your left leg on his right side, and strike him to his right arm.
  
 
If he strikes at you so, then hang your staff well down on your right side. Thus with that you take his strike from him. Then, follow to with your left leg and strike him to his head on his right side. With that step back from him.
 
If he strikes at you so, then hang your staff well down on your right side. Thus with that you take his strike from him. Then, follow to with your left leg and strike him to his head on his right side. With that step back from him.
Line 5,433: Line 5,433:
 
| [[file:Mair peasant staff 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair peasant staff 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[3] A murder strike with the peasant staff'''
+
[3] '''A murder strike with the peasant staff'''
  
 
When you go together then hold yourself so in this piece. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your staff up on your right side with your left hand at your back end, the right in the middle. Then step in with your right leg and strike him to his head.
 
When you go together then hold yourself so in this piece. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your staff up on your right side with your left hand at your back end, the right in the middle. Then step in with your right leg and strike him to his head.
Line 5,449: Line 5,449:
 
| [[file:Mair peasant staff 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair peasant staff 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[4] A lower strike against a taking off'''
+
[4] '''A lower strike against a taking off'''
  
 
Hold yourself so in this piece. When you go together, stand with your right foot forward and hold your staff in both hands against the man at your back end. Then strike him to his right forward-placed leg.
 
Hold yourself so in this piece. When you go together, stand with your right foot forward and hold your staff in both hands against the man at your back end. Then strike him to his right forward-placed leg.
Line 5,466: Line 5,466:
 
| [[file:Mair peasant staff 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair peasant staff 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[5] Another murder strike with the peasant staff'''
+
[5] '''Another murder strike with the peasant staff'''
  
 
Arrange yourself so in this piece when you go together, stand with your right foot forward and hold your staff up above your head with your left hand at your back end, your right in the middle. Then step in with your left foot, and strike him to his right forward-placed leg.
 
Arrange yourself so in this piece when you go together, stand with your right foot forward and hold your staff up above your head with your left hand at your back end, your right in the middle. Then step in with your left foot, and strike him to his right forward-placed leg.
  
If he strikes at you so to your right foot, and you stand with the same forward, and hold your staff up at your back end with crossed arms on your left side, then wind your staff forward on your right side [and] with that hang well towards the earth. So his strike is put away. Then strike with your staff to his right arm.
+
If he strikes at you so to your right foot, and you stand with the same forward, and hold your staff up at your back end with crossed arms on your left side, then wind your staff forward on your right side [and] '''with that hang well towards the earth. So his strike is put away. Then strike with your staff to his right arm.
  
 
If he strikes at you so, then take it away from him, with your staff up on his left side. If you have thus driven it over you then follow to with your right leg and strike him between both arms to his head. Thus you strike him to the ground.
 
If he strikes at you so, then take it away from him, with your staff up on his left side. If you have thus driven it over you then follow to with your right leg and strike him between both arms to his head. Thus you strike him to the ground.
Line 5,483: Line 5,483:
 
| [[file:Mair peasant staff 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair peasant staff 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[6] Yet another murder strike with the peasant staff'''
+
[6] '''Yet another murder strike with the peasant staff'''
  
 
When you go together, then arrange yourself thus in this piece. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your staff with your lower end on the ground on your right side, both hands at your back end. Then step in with your right leg and let your staff overrun. With that strike him to his right arm.
 
When you go together, then arrange yourself thus in this piece. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your staff with your lower end on the ground on your right side, both hands at your back end. Then step in with your right leg and let your staff overrun. With that strike him to his right arm.
Line 5,500: Line 5,500:
 
| [[file:Mair peasant staff 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair peasant staff 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[7] Two upper strikes with the peasant staff'''
+
[7] '''Two upper strikes with the peasant staff'''
  
 
Hold yourself so in this piece, when you go together. Stand with your right foot forward and hold your staff with both hands at your back end against the man. Then strike him to the left side of his head.
 
Hold yourself so in this piece, when you go together. Stand with your right foot forward and hold your staff with both hands at your back end against the man. Then strike him to the left side of his head.
Line 5,517: Line 5,517:
 
| [[file:Mair peasant staff 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair peasant staff 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[8] Another murder strike with the peasant staff'''
+
[8] '''Another murder strike with the peasant staff'''
  
 
When you go together, then hold yourself so in this piece. Stand with your right foot forward and hold your staff against the man in front of your face with both hands. Then step in with your left leg and strike him strongly to his head.
 
When you go together, then hold yourself so in this piece. Stand with your right foot forward and hold your staff against the man in front of your face with both hands. Then step in with your left leg and strike him strongly to his head.
Line 5,538: Line 5,538:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]] Versions</p>
+
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]]and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]]Versions</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[1] The Javelin against the Sword'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[1] '''The Javelin against the Sword'''</p>
  
 
Present yourself like so in this piece with the javelin: Stand with your left foot ahead and hold it with both hands on your right side, your front end or point toward the man. If he then also stands with his left foot toward you and holds his sword overhead in a high cut against you, and he wishes to cut in at your head, then quickly stab at his body. If he stabs at you like this, then step backwards with your left leg and cut with your sword to the left side of the shaft of his javelin with the Zwerch so that you take his thrust away with it. If he cuts opposing you like this and takes your thrust away from you, then follow in after with your right leg and thrust at him with the front end of your javelin toward the right side of his body. With this, step back from him.
 
Present yourself like so in this piece with the javelin: Stand with your left foot ahead and hold it with both hands on your right side, your front end or point toward the man. If he then also stands with his left foot toward you and holds his sword overhead in a high cut against you, and he wishes to cut in at your head, then quickly stab at his body. If he stabs at you like this, then step backwards with your left leg and cut with your sword to the left side of the shaft of his javelin with the Zwerch so that you take his thrust away with it. If he cuts opposing you like this and takes your thrust away from you, then follow in after with your right leg and thrust at him with the front end of your javelin toward the right side of his body. With this, step back from him.
Line 5,561: Line 5,561:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[2] The Halberd against the Sword'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[2] '''The Halberd against the Sword'''</p>
  
 
When you both are coming together, then present yourself like so in this piece with your halberd: Stand with your left foot forward and hold your halberd extended in front of your face with your right hand on the back end, pointed toward the man, your left at the middle, high on your left side. At that moment quickly cut toward his head. If he cuts from above at you like this and you also stand with left foot toward him, and you hold your sword on your right shoulder, the pommel in your left hand and pointed toward the man, then cut to his halberd with the long edge. Thus you take his cut away with it. At the same moment step in a triangle and cut to the left side of his head with the long edge. If he cuts from above at you like this, then step twice with a chasing and stab him twice from below and above as you step away from him with it.
 
When you both are coming together, then present yourself like so in this piece with your halberd: Stand with your left foot forward and hold your halberd extended in front of your face with your right hand on the back end, pointed toward the man, your left at the middle, high on your left side. At that moment quickly cut toward his head. If he cuts from above at you like this and you also stand with left foot toward him, and you hold your sword on your right shoulder, the pommel in your left hand and pointed toward the man, then cut to his halberd with the long edge. Thus you take his cut away with it. At the same moment step in a triangle and cut to the left side of his head with the long edge. If he cuts from above at you like this, then step twice with a chasing and stab him twice from below and above as you step away from him with it.
Line 5,573: Line 5,573:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[3] The Longspear against the Sword'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[3] '''The Longspear against the Sword'''</p>
  
 
Hold yourself like this with this piece: When you are both closing together, stand with your left foot in front and hold your spear on your right side with your left hand ahead toward the man, your right behind your right leg on your spear. At that moment quickly stab at him toward his face. If he stabs high at you like that, and you stand with your right foot toward him and you hold your sword in the Change on your left side, the point toward the ground, then go up with your sword out of the Change and with that strike to his spear. Thus you take away his thrust on your right side. If he has cut at your spear like this, then pull your spear downwards. In that moment, go up again so that you have your spear well out front in the middle and stab him through the left side of his body. If he has stabbed you through your body, then cut strongly to him with your long edge toward his head, and this strike must be done quickly or else it is wasted.
 
Hold yourself like this with this piece: When you are both closing together, stand with your left foot in front and hold your spear on your right side with your left hand ahead toward the man, your right behind your right leg on your spear. At that moment quickly stab at him toward his face. If he stabs high at you like that, and you stand with your right foot toward him and you hold your sword in the Change on your left side, the point toward the ground, then go up with your sword out of the Change and with that strike to his spear. Thus you take away his thrust on your right side. If he has cut at your spear like this, then pull your spear downwards. In that moment, go up again so that you have your spear well out front in the middle and stab him through the left side of his body. If he has stabbed you through your body, then cut strongly to him with your long edge toward his head, and this strike must be done quickly or else it is wasted.
Line 5,585: Line 5,585:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[4] The Halberd against the Sword'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[4] '''The Halberd against the Sword'''</p>
  
 
If you are both going together, then hold yourself like this in this piece: Stand with your right foot forward and hold your halberd with your right hand on the lower end at your right hip, your left in the middle toward the man, the point up. At that moment, stab him in his face with your forward end. If he stabs you high like this, and you also stand with your left foot toward him, well in the balance, and you hold your sword with both hands on the haft on your left side, the point toward the man, then plant your long edge on his halberd and set him aside with it. In that moment, step in with your right leg and go up over your head with your sword with crossed arms and cut high to his head with your long edge. If he cuts high at you like this, then wind your halberd behind your head and back around and strike him with the blade of your halberd toward his head.
 
If you are both going together, then hold yourself like this in this piece: Stand with your right foot forward and hold your halberd with your right hand on the lower end at your right hip, your left in the middle toward the man, the point up. At that moment, stab him in his face with your forward end. If he stabs you high like this, and you also stand with your left foot toward him, well in the balance, and you hold your sword with both hands on the haft on your left side, the point toward the man, then plant your long edge on his halberd and set him aside with it. In that moment, step in with your right leg and go up over your head with your sword with crossed arms and cut high to his head with your long edge. If he cuts high at you like this, then wind your halberd behind your head and back around and strike him with the blade of your halberd toward his head.
Line 5,597: Line 5,597:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[5] The Dussack against the Sword'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[5] '''The Dussack against the Sword'''</p>
  
 
Conduct yourself like this in this piece: When you are closing with each other, stand with your right foot in front and hold your dussack in your right hand toward the man, your left hand on your left hip. In that moment, quickly cut toward his head. If he cuts high at you like this, and you are standing with your left foot toward him, then oppose his dussack with crossed arms, restraining his cut with yours, away to your right side. At that moment, follow in with your right leg and let your sword quickly overrun and cut toward the left side of his head. If he cuts high at you like this, then take that away with your dussack on your left side. In that moment, leap to his right side with your left foot and cut to his right arm. If he cuts to your right arm like this, then hang well to your right side and parry his cut with your sword. In that moment, step in there with your left leg and cut to his forward leg.
 
Conduct yourself like this in this piece: When you are closing with each other, stand with your right foot in front and hold your dussack in your right hand toward the man, your left hand on your left hip. In that moment, quickly cut toward his head. If he cuts high at you like this, and you are standing with your left foot toward him, then oppose his dussack with crossed arms, restraining his cut with yours, away to your right side. At that moment, follow in with your right leg and let your sword quickly overrun and cut toward the left side of his head. If he cuts high at you like this, then take that away with your dussack on your left side. In that moment, leap to his right side with your left foot and cut to his right arm. If he cuts to your right arm like this, then hang well to your right side and parry his cut with your sword. In that moment, step in there with your left leg and cut to his forward leg.
Line 5,609: Line 5,609:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[6] More of the Dussack against the Sword'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[6] '''More of the Dussack against the Sword'''</p>
  
 
When the two of you are coming together, then present yourself like so in this piece: Stand with your right foot forward and hold your sword on your right side with both hands on your hilt. At that moment, cut to his head with your long edge. If he cuts from above at you like this, and you stand with your left foot toward him, and you hold your dussack on your left arm with your right hand on your grip in the air behind your head, your long edge wound upward, the point toward the man, then take that away on your left side. In that moment, step in there with your right leg and cut to the left side of his head. If he cuts at you from above like this, then hang your sword on your left side so that the long edge is turned upwards and parry his cut with it. In that moment, cut to his left leg with your long edge and step back away from him with it.
 
When the two of you are coming together, then present yourself like so in this piece: Stand with your right foot forward and hold your sword on your right side with both hands on your hilt. At that moment, cut to his head with your long edge. If he cuts from above at you like this, and you stand with your left foot toward him, and you hold your dussack on your left arm with your right hand on your grip in the air behind your head, your long edge wound upward, the point toward the man, then take that away on your left side. In that moment, step in there with your right leg and cut to the left side of his head. If he cuts at you from above like this, then hang your sword on your left side so that the long edge is turned upwards and parry his cut with it. In that moment, cut to his left leg with your long edge and step back away from him with it.
Line 5,621: Line 5,621:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[7] The Dagger against the Sword'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[7] '''The Dagger against the Sword'''</p>
  
 
Conduct yourself like so in this piece: If two of you are coming together, then stand with your left foot forward and hold your sword in front of your face toward the man. In that moment, cut to his head. If he cuts from above at you like this, and you stand with your left foot toward him, then quickly step in there with your right leg and parry his cut with your dagger on your right arm, close to the grip on his blade. In that moment, catch hold of his right arm with your left hand, (going) inside over his handle. Pull him to your left side and stab at his face. If he thrusts high at you like this, then let your left hand loose from the pommel of your sword, take hold of his left and shove it upward. Thus you take away his thrust. At that moment, step back with your left leg, yank your right hand to you, and take hold of your pommel again with your left. In that moment, cut to his head and step back away from him with it.
 
Conduct yourself like so in this piece: If two of you are coming together, then stand with your left foot forward and hold your sword in front of your face toward the man. In that moment, cut to his head. If he cuts from above at you like this, and you stand with your left foot toward him, then quickly step in there with your right leg and parry his cut with your dagger on your right arm, close to the grip on his blade. In that moment, catch hold of his right arm with your left hand, (going) inside over his handle. Pull him to your left side and stab at his face. If he thrusts high at you like this, then let your left hand loose from the pommel of your sword, take hold of his left and shove it upward. Thus you take away his thrust. At that moment, step back with your left leg, yank your right hand to you, and take hold of your pommel again with your left. In that moment, cut to his head and step back away from him with it.
Line 5,633: Line 5,633:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[8] One More Piece with the Dagger against the Sword'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[8] '''One More Piece with the Dagger against the Sword'''</p>
  
 
If you are both coming together, then conduct yourself like so in this piece: Stand with your left foot in front and hold your sword with crossed arms, so your grip is on your right side and the point is toward the man. At that moment, turn your point with a thrust to his chest. If you stand with your right foot toward him, and you hold your dagger in your right hand along the inside of your right arm, your left hand on your left hip, and he thrusts at you like this, then fall upon his sword with your dagger and push it firmly away from you on your right<ref>The illustration suggests that this action should be done to your left side, rather than to your right.</ref> side, thus taking away his thrust. In that same moment, follow in with your left leg and catch his right hand with your left and stab him in the throat. If he stabs high at you like this, then seize his right with your left hand and take it away to your left side. In the same instant, step back away from him and quickly wrench your right hand toward you and cut to his head.  
 
If you are both coming together, then conduct yourself like so in this piece: Stand with your left foot in front and hold your sword with crossed arms, so your grip is on your right side and the point is toward the man. At that moment, turn your point with a thrust to his chest. If you stand with your right foot toward him, and you hold your dagger in your right hand along the inside of your right arm, your left hand on your left hip, and he thrusts at you like this, then fall upon his sword with your dagger and push it firmly away from you on your right<ref>The illustration suggests that this action should be done to your left side, rather than to your right.</ref> side, thus taking away his thrust. In that same moment, follow in with your left leg and catch his right hand with your left and stab him in the throat. If he stabs high at you like this, then seize his right with your left hand and take it away to your left side. In the same instant, step back away from him and quickly wrench your right hand toward you and cut to his head.  
Line 5,645: Line 5,645:
 
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|  
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[9] The Dagger against the Dussack'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[9] '''The Dagger against the Dussack'''</p>
  
 
Present yourself like this in this piece: If you are both coming together, stand with your right foot ahead and hold your dussack in a low cut against the man. In that moment cut from below to his right arm. If he cuts from below like this at you have your right foot toward him as well, then take his cut away with your dagger on the outside of your right arm. In the same moment, grab the outside of his right arm with your left hand and step behind his right with your left leg and stab him in his face or the chest. If he thrusts at you like this, then snatch hold of his right with your left hand and shove it to your left side away from you, thus you take his thrust away. In the same moment, cut to his nearest opening just as soon as you find that opening, and step back away from him.
 
Present yourself like this in this piece: If you are both coming together, stand with your right foot ahead and hold your dussack in a low cut against the man. In that moment cut from below to his right arm. If he cuts from below like this at you have your right foot toward him as well, then take his cut away with your dagger on the outside of your right arm. In the same moment, grab the outside of his right arm with your left hand and step behind his right with your left leg and stab him in his face or the chest. If he thrusts at you like this, then snatch hold of his right with your left hand and shove it to your left side away from you, thus you take his thrust away. In the same moment, cut to his nearest opening just as soon as you find that opening, and step back away from him.
Line 5,657: Line 5,657:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[10] One More with the Dagger against the Dussack'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[10] '''One More with the Dagger against the Dussack'''</p>
  
 
When you both are coming together, then present yourself like so in this piece: Stand with your right foot forward and hold your dussack in the air over your head with your right hand. If he stands with his right foot toward you and holds his dagger on the outside of his right arm to parry, then step in there with your left leg and grab hold of his right arm with your left hand, catching his dagger’s blade and his arm together. At that moment, strongly cut at his head with your dussack. If he cuts at you from above like this, then go inside of his right arm with your left hand and push him strongly to your right side away from you. At that moment, go with your dagger in front of your head as you take his cut away. Now, step in there with your left leg and take hold of his right hand with your left and shove it well upwards and stab him in the face or the chest. Pull yourself back away from him with this.
 
When you both are coming together, then present yourself like so in this piece: Stand with your right foot forward and hold your dussack in the air over your head with your right hand. If he stands with his right foot toward you and holds his dagger on the outside of his right arm to parry, then step in there with your left leg and grab hold of his right arm with your left hand, catching his dagger’s blade and his arm together. At that moment, strongly cut at his head with your dussack. If he cuts at you from above like this, then go inside of his right arm with your left hand and push him strongly to your right side away from you. At that moment, go with your dagger in front of your head as you take his cut away. Now, step in there with your left leg and take hold of his right hand with your left and shove it well upwards and stab him in the face or the chest. Pull yourself back away from him with this.
Line 5,669: Line 5,669:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 11.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 11.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[11] The Boar-spear against the Halberd'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[11] '''The Boar-spear against the Halberd'''</p>
  
 
Conduct yourself like so in this piece: When you are both coming together, stand with your left foot forward and hold your spear toward the man with your right hand on your right side, your left in the middle on the shaft. At that moment, stab toward the left side of his body. If he thrusts at you like this, and you stand with your right foot toward him, and you support your halberd with your right hand by the back end on your right side, your blade toward the man, then take his thrust away with your blade on your left side. In that moment, follow in after with your left leg and stab him in his nuts. If he thrusts low at you like this, then step back with your left leg and take his thrust away on your left side with the forward part of your spear. If he has taken you away like this, then cut to his head with the blade of your halberd. If he cuts high at you like this, then move towards his cut and stab over his left arm through his neck, then you may plant him to the ground.
 
Conduct yourself like so in this piece: When you are both coming together, stand with your left foot forward and hold your spear toward the man with your right hand on your right side, your left in the middle on the shaft. At that moment, stab toward the left side of his body. If he thrusts at you like this, and you stand with your right foot toward him, and you support your halberd with your right hand by the back end on your right side, your blade toward the man, then take his thrust away with your blade on your left side. In that moment, follow in after with your left leg and stab him in his nuts. If he thrusts low at you like this, then step back with your left leg and take his thrust away on your left side with the forward part of your spear. If he has taken you away like this, then cut to his head with the blade of your halberd. If he cuts high at you like this, then move towards his cut and stab over his left arm through his neck, then you may plant him to the ground.
Line 5,681: Line 5,681:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 12.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 12.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[12] More with the Boar-spear against the Halberd'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[12] '''More with the Boar-spear against the Halberd'''</p>
  
 
When you both are coming together, then conduct yourself like so in this piece: Stand with your left foot forward and hold your spear in the air in front of your face with your right hand on the back end, your left at the middle. At that moment, cut to his head. If he cuts from above at you like this, and you also stand with your left foot toward him, and you are supporting your halberd with your right hand at the back end behind your head, your left toward the man on the shaft by the blade, then take away his cut on your right side with your blade. In that moment, stab him in the chest with your front end. If he thrusts at you like this, then take it away on your right side with your spear. In that moment, step in there with your right foot and let your spear fall. Then grab him with your left hand around behind his neck on his right shoulder and your right hand to his left leg. Lift him strongly upwards so that you throw him on his face. Once you have thrown him like this, you may easily take hold of your spear again and proceed with cuts or thrusts as you wish.
 
When you both are coming together, then conduct yourself like so in this piece: Stand with your left foot forward and hold your spear in the air in front of your face with your right hand on the back end, your left at the middle. At that moment, cut to his head. If he cuts from above at you like this, and you also stand with your left foot toward him, and you are supporting your halberd with your right hand at the back end behind your head, your left toward the man on the shaft by the blade, then take away his cut on your right side with your blade. In that moment, stab him in the chest with your front end. If he thrusts at you like this, then take it away on your right side with your spear. In that moment, step in there with your right foot and let your spear fall. Then grab him with your left hand around behind his neck on his right shoulder and your right hand to his left leg. Lift him strongly upwards so that you throw him on his face. Once you have thrown him like this, you may easily take hold of your spear again and proceed with cuts or thrusts as you wish.
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|  
 
|  
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 34.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 34.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[13] A Piece with the Halberd against the Dussack'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[13] '''A Piece with the Halberd against the Dussack'''</p>
  
 
Present yourself like so in this piece from the approach: Step in with your left leg and cut a high cut to his head. If he cuts upon you from above like this, and you have your right foot in front, then step in with your left leg and go up high in front of your head in the Crown with your dussack, thereby parrying his cut. If he has taken away your cut like this, then step in with your right leg and wind your front end to his face or chest from below. If he has wound into you with his point like this, then fall upon his halberd with the Crown and push it far below, thus you take that away. In the same moment, grab the back end of his halberd with your left hand and lift his halberd. Step in with your right leg and cut to his head in the same instant. If he then parries that, stab him in the face or chest. Immediately pull yourself back away from him with a Double Cut.
 
Present yourself like so in this piece from the approach: Step in with your left leg and cut a high cut to his head. If he cuts upon you from above like this, and you have your right foot in front, then step in with your left leg and go up high in front of your head in the Crown with your dussack, thereby parrying his cut. If he has taken away your cut like this, then step in with your right leg and wind your front end to his face or chest from below. If he has wound into you with his point like this, then fall upon his halberd with the Crown and push it far below, thus you take that away. In the same moment, grab the back end of his halberd with your left hand and lift his halberd. Step in with your right leg and cut to his head in the same instant. If he then parries that, stab him in the face or chest. Immediately pull yourself back away from him with a Double Cut.
Line 5,705: Line 5,705:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 35.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 35.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[14] Another Piece on the Halberd against the Dussack'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[14] '''Another Piece on the Halberd against the Dussack'''</p>
  
 
Conduct yourself like so with the approach in in this piece: Step in with your left leg and thrust toward his body with your halberd. If he stabs at you like this, and you stand with your left leg toward him, then go up in the Crown with your dussack, taking his thrust away. In that instant, grab the middle of his halberd with your left hand and put it far down towards the ground on your left side. Now stab him in the face with the point of your dussack. If he thrusts at you like this, then take it away on your halberd between both your hands to your left side. If he has taken you away like this, then cut to his head with the long edge of your dussack and turn yourself away from him with doubled thrusts and cuts.
 
Conduct yourself like so with the approach in in this piece: Step in with your left leg and thrust toward his body with your halberd. If he stabs at you like this, and you stand with your left leg toward him, then go up in the Crown with your dussack, taking his thrust away. In that instant, grab the middle of his halberd with your left hand and put it far down towards the ground on your left side. Now stab him in the face with the point of your dussack. If he thrusts at you like this, then take it away on your halberd between both your hands to your left side. If he has taken you away like this, then cut to his head with the long edge of your dussack and turn yourself away from him with doubled thrusts and cuts.
Line 5,717: Line 5,717:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 36.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 36.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''[15] A Piece on the Rapier against the Boar-spear'''</p>
+
| <p>'''[15] '''A Piece on the Rapier against the Boar-spear'''</p>
  
 
Present yourself like this in this piece with the approach: Step in to him with your left leg and thrust your boar-spear to his face or chest. If he stabs at you like this and you stand with your right foot toward him, then cut against his thrust with your rapier, placing it on the forward end of his spear. In the same instant, push it from you on your left side and grab the forward part of his spear, thus you take away his thrust. If he wants to catch your spear, then quickly pull it toward yourself and stab at his face or chest from his left to his right side. If he thrusts a second time at you like this, then take that away with your rapier on your right side. In the same moment, step in with your left leg and grab the middle of his spear with your left hand, then in that instant, quickly stab to his face. If he parries you, then change through on his spear and leap in a triangle and cut to his head.
 
Present yourself like this in this piece with the approach: Step in to him with your left leg and thrust your boar-spear to his face or chest. If he stabs at you like this and you stand with your right foot toward him, then cut against his thrust with your rapier, placing it on the forward end of his spear. In the same instant, push it from you on your left side and grab the forward part of his spear, thus you take away his thrust. If he wants to catch your spear, then quickly pull it toward yourself and stab at his face or chest from his left to his right side. If he thrusts a second time at you like this, then take that away with your rapier on your right side. In the same moment, step in with your left leg and grab the middle of his spear with your left hand, then in that instant, quickly stab to his face. If he parries you, then change through on his spear and leap in a triangle and cut to his head.
Line 5,737: Line 5,737:
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Reinier van Noort]] and [[Saskia Roselaar]]</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Reinier van Noort]]and [[Saskia Roselaar]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Julia Gräf]] and [[Ingo Petri]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Julia Gräf]]and [[Ingo Petri]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/>by [[Saskia Roselaar]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/>by [[Saskia Roselaar]]</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 5,748: Line 5,748:
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[1] A cut from above with the sickle from both sides'''
+
[1] '''A cut from above with the sickle from both sides'''
  
If you both approach each other, and hold the sickle correctly, if you put your right foot in front and hold the sickle in the right hand  next to the left side of your head, and stretch the opened left hand towards your opponent, and from there follow with the left [foot], you cut his head from his right side. But if the opponent turns at you in the same way, [while you are] standing with the left foot in front, holding the sickle in the right hand, holding [it] next to the head down at the left shoulder, with<ref>Literally: put</ref> the left on the right [hand], then deflect with your sickle your opponent to your right side. Then, if you have grabbed the right [hand] of the opponent with the left hand, you wound his head on the right side. But if the opponent comes at you in the same way from above, if you quickly grab his right [hand], you can in this way turn away his cuts. And from there, you can immediately, if you pull the right [hand], try to cut the left leg of the opponent standing in front. But if he tries the same, then push the right elbow of the opponent more inwards with your left hand, if you then pull back the right hand, you can hit his head with the point of the sickle and pull back again.
+
If you both approach each other, and hold the sickle correctly, if you put your right foot in front and hold the sickle in the right hand  next to the left side of your head, and stretch the opened left hand towards your opponent, and from there follow with the left [foot], you cut his head from his right side. But if the opponent turns at you in the same way, [while you are] '''standing with the left foot in front, holding the sickle in the right hand, holding [it] '''next to the head down at the left shoulder, with<ref>Literally: put</ref> the left on the right [hand], then deflect with your sickle your opponent to your right side. Then, if you have grabbed the right [hand] '''of the opponent with the left hand, you wound his head on the right side. But if the opponent comes at you in the same way from above, if you quickly grab his right [hand], you can in this way turn away his cuts. And from there, you can immediately, if you pull the right [hand], try to cut the left leg of the opponent standing in front. But if he tries the same, then push the right elbow of the opponent more inwards with your left hand, if you then pull back the right hand, you can hit his head with the point of the sickle and pull back again.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|235r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|235r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 182r.png|German|lbl=182r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 182r.png|German|lbl=182r}}
Line 5,761: Line 5,761:
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[2] A low and a high cut'''
+
[2] '''A low and a high cut'''
  
 
In mutual battle, if like an athlete you prepare yourself for the fight, you will put your right foot in front, and opposite the opponent hold the sickle with the right hand, but hide the left arm under the right arm, and if from there you make a pass with the left foot,<ref>Literally: pull back the left foot</ref> you will by cutting from the low position stop the right arm of the opponent. But if in the same way you place your right foot opposite him, and hold the sickle with the right hand in the manner of the high cut, and the left under the right arm, then you will displace his attempt to your left side with your sickle, and meanwhile, after you have with the left hand grabbed the right hand of the opponent, from the left side of your opponent cut his neck with the sickle. But if he comes at you in the same way from above, you will again grab his right hand with your left hand, and if he makes an attempt, displace this to your left side, and hit his left arm with the sickle, and from there again pull backwards. But if the opponent pulls back, you will with two steps press on to threaten the opponent and cut his head.  
 
In mutual battle, if like an athlete you prepare yourself for the fight, you will put your right foot in front, and opposite the opponent hold the sickle with the right hand, but hide the left arm under the right arm, and if from there you make a pass with the left foot,<ref>Literally: pull back the left foot</ref> you will by cutting from the low position stop the right arm of the opponent. But if in the same way you place your right foot opposite him, and hold the sickle with the right hand in the manner of the high cut, and the left under the right arm, then you will displace his attempt to your left side with your sickle, and meanwhile, after you have with the left hand grabbed the right hand of the opponent, from the left side of your opponent cut his neck with the sickle. But if he comes at you in the same way from above, you will again grab his right hand with your left hand, and if he makes an attempt, displace this to your left side, and hit his left arm with the sickle, and from there again pull backwards. But if the opponent pulls back, you will with two steps press on to threaten the opponent and cut his head.  
Line 5,774: Line 5,774:
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[3] A cut against a way of pulling by the opponent'''
+
[3] '''A cut against a way of pulling by the opponent'''
  
In this fight, when you come closer to the opponent, you will stretch your right arm, and with the right hand hold the sickle opposite him, but hold the left [hand] on the left hip, and then, after you have followed with the left foot, you will hit the head of the opponent with the sickle. But if he comes at you in the same manner, [while you are] standing with the right foot in front, and if you hold the sickle against the opponent with the right hand and in the same manner hold the left hip with the left hand, you will displace his attempt to your right side. If from there you connect the sickle with his right arm, you will quickly pull him towards you. But if he wants to pull you towards him in the same way, if then with the left hand you grab his right, and to your right side displace the attempt of the opponent, hit his head immediately on the left side and from there pull back. But if the opponent likewise pulls back again, you will threaten him sharply by following him, and hitting the right hand of the opponent with the sickle.  
+
In this fight, when you come closer to the opponent, you will stretch your right arm, and with the right hand hold the sickle opposite him, but hold the left [hand] '''on the left hip, and then, after you have followed with the left foot, you will hit the head of the opponent with the sickle. But if he comes at you in the same manner, [while you are] '''standing with the right foot in front, and if you hold the sickle against the opponent with the right hand and in the same manner hold the left hip with the left hand, you will displace his attempt to your right side. If from there you connect the sickle with his right arm, you will quickly pull him towards you. But if he wants to pull you towards him in the same way, if then with the left hand you grab his right, and to your right side displace the attempt of the opponent, hit his head immediately on the left side and from there pull back. But if the opponent likewise pulls back again, you will threaten him sharply by following him, and hitting the right hand of the opponent with the sickle.  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|236r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|236r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 183r.png|German|lbl=183r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 183r.png|German|lbl=183r}}
Line 5,787: Line 5,787:
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[4] A cut from above and one from below'''
+
[4] '''A cut from above and one from below'''
  
In this manner, you can adapt to the opponent, when you stand up straight with both legs together, and with the right hand hold the sickle high, with a straight arm, next to the head, but place your left hand in the same way on the left hip, and if from there you step in with the right leg, you will hit the head of the opponent with the sickle. But if he takes the same position against you, [you] standing with the right leg in front, and with the sickle in the right hand next to the leg that stands in front, and the left hand in the same manner on the left hip, you will with a raised sickle displace his strike to your right side. If from there you follow with the left, you will hit the right leg of the opponent standing in front. But if it happens that he, from the low strike hits you in the same manner, you will with your left hand grab his right elbow from the outside, pull it towards you, and if you place the sickle on the right shoulder of he opponent, you will put him down by cutting.  
+
In this manner, you can adapt to the opponent, when you stand up straight with both legs together, and with the right hand hold the sickle high, with a straight arm, next to the head, but place your left hand in the same way on the left hip, and if from there you step in with the right leg, you will hit the head of the opponent with the sickle. But if he takes the same position against you, [you] '''standing with the right leg in front, and with the sickle in the right hand next to the leg that stands in front, and the left hand in the same manner on the left hip, you will with a raised sickle displace his strike to your right side. If from there you follow with the left, you will hit the right leg of the opponent standing in front. But if it happens that he, from the low strike hits you in the same manner, you will with your left hand grab his right elbow from the outside, pull it towards you, and if you place the sickle on the right shoulder of he opponent, you will put him down by cutting.  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|236v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|236v|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 183v.png|German|lbl=183v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 183v.png|German|lbl=183v}}
Line 5,800: Line 5,800:
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[5] Two cuts that hit the arms'''
+
[5] '''Two cuts that hit the arms'''
  
To the aforementioned manner, you can adapt in this way: if you remember to place the right foot in front and to hold the sickle against the opponent with the right hand, if you connect the left [hand] with the left hip, you can then cut his right arm with the sickle. But if he approaches you in the same way, while you hold your right foot in front and against the enemy hold the sickle with the right, then place your left arm onto his right arm from the the front, and displace the cut of the opponent towards the left side: if you grab the aforementioned hand strongly, from there you will wound his right arm with the sickle. But if he uses this, then with the left hand grab the right of the opponent, make a pass inwards with the left foot, and if you lift his right above the<ref>German: his</ref> head, and immediately pull back your right again, you will hit his groin with the sickle. But if the opponent also uses this, bring the left hand up over his own right arm,<ref>German: grab with your left hand from below outside over his right arm</ref> and if you then in that manner pull him hard towards you, you can break the opponent’s arm, and from there cut his neck and pull back again from the opponent.
+
To the aforementioned manner, you can adapt in this way: if you remember to place the right foot in front and to hold the sickle against the opponent with the right hand, if you connect the left [hand] '''with the left hip, you can then cut his right arm with the sickle. But if he approaches you in the same way, while you hold your right foot in front and against the enemy hold the sickle with the right, then place your left arm onto his right arm from the the front, and displace the cut of the opponent towards the left side: if you grab the aforementioned hand strongly, from there you will wound his right arm with the sickle. But if he uses this, then with the left hand grab the right of the opponent, make a pass inwards with the left foot, and if you lift his right above the<ref>German: his</ref> head, and immediately pull back your right again, you will hit his groin with the sickle. But if the opponent also uses this, bring the left hand up over his own right arm,<ref>German: grab with your left hand from below outside over his right arm</ref> and if you then in that manner pull him hard towards you, you can break the opponent’s arm, and from there cut his neck and pull back again from the opponent.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|237r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|237r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 184r.png|German|lbl=184r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 184r.png|German|lbl=184r}}
Line 5,813: Line 5,813:
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[6] The double cut against the double parry'''
+
[6] '''The double cut against the double parry'''
  
In the mutual battle of this fight, when you yourself reach the opponent, then put your left foot in front, and hold the sickle high with the right hand opposite the opponent, and cut his neck from the right side. But if he in the same manner comes at you from above, [while you are] standing with the right [foot] in front, then hold the sickle against the opponent in the manner of the low cut, and block his right arm with the left hand, and after you have lifted this high, you will cut his right arm next to the armpit with the sickle. But if he attempts the same, after with the left hand you have grabbed the opponent’s right and have lifted this, you will displace his cut in this manner. But if you from there immediately retract the right, you will try to cut the right foot of the opponent [which is] placed in front. But if the opponent in the same manner uses this, then grab his right hand with your left, and in this manner displace his attempt, and if you then pull back the right hand immediately, you will wound the neck of the opponent with a cut, and pull back from him again.
+
In the mutual battle of this fight, when you yourself reach the opponent, then put your left foot in front, and hold the sickle high with the right hand opposite the opponent, and cut his neck from the right side. But if he in the same manner comes at you from above, [while you are] '''standing with the right [foot] '''in front, then hold the sickle against the opponent in the manner of the low cut, and block his right arm with the left hand, and after you have lifted this high, you will cut his right arm next to the armpit with the sickle. But if he attempts the same, after with the left hand you have grabbed the opponent’s right and have lifted this, you will displace his cut in this manner. But if you from there immediately retract the right, you will try to cut the right foot of the opponent [which is] '''placed in front. But if the opponent in the same manner uses this, then grab his right hand with your left, and in this manner displace his attempt, and if you then pull back the right hand immediately, you will wound the neck of the opponent with a cut, and pull back from him again.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|237v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|237v|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 184v.png|German|lbl=184v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 184v.png|German|lbl=184v}}
Line 5,826: Line 5,826:
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[7] A high and a low cut and their parry'''
+
[7] '''A high and a low cut and their parry'''
  
If you both approach each other, then put your left leg in front, and hold the sickle high with the right hand against the opponent, and from there cut his head. But if he in turn attempts to injure you from above, then again put your left leg in front, and hold your sickle against the opponent in the cut from below, then you will hinder his right arm from the front with the left hand, and if you then lift this, you can displace the high attack of the opponent. And from there you can injure the knee of the opponent’s left leg, [which is] placed in front. But if the opponent in the same manner hinders you from below, you can hinder his right elbow from the inside with the opposed left hand, and if you then displace him strongly, you will displace his cut, and if you then quickly again pull the right hand towards yourself, and attack the right arm of the opponent by cutting, you will from there pull back from him again.
+
If you both approach each other, then put your left leg in front, and hold the sickle high with the right hand against the opponent, and from there cut his head. But if he in turn attempts to injure you from above, then again put your left leg in front, and hold your sickle against the opponent in the cut from below, then you will hinder his right arm from the front with the left hand, and if you then lift this, you can displace the high attack of the opponent. And from there you can injure the knee of the opponent’s left leg, [which is] '''placed in front. But if the opponent in the same manner hinders you from below, you can hinder his right elbow from the inside with the opposed left hand, and if you then displace him strongly, you will displace his cut, and if you then quickly again pull the right hand towards yourself, and attack the right arm of the opponent by cutting, you will from there pull back from him again.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|238r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|238r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 185r.png|German|lbl=185r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 185r.png|German|lbl=185r}}
Line 5,839: Line 5,839:
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[8] Two cuts against their parry'''
+
[8] '''Two cuts against their parry'''
  
 
In this manner you will behave in a mutual fight: remember to place your left leg in front and to hold the sickle high with the right hand opposite the opponent, and you will hit part of his neck or his left side. But if the opponent in the same manner attempts to cut, you, standing with the right foot in front against him, will then hinder the right hand of the opponent with your left hand, and if you then lift it high, you will in that manner displace the enemy cut. And from there you will not omit to hit the left side of the neck of the opponent with the sickle. But if he will come at you from above, you will with the left hand hinder his right elbow from the inside, and if you pull that back hard towards your left side, and so displace the opponent with force, if you then immediately follow up with right towards the inside, for him towards the left side, and immediately pull your right hand towards you, you will cut the left side of the enemy body with the sickle, and from there make sure that you pull back from the opponent safely.
 
In this manner you will behave in a mutual fight: remember to place your left leg in front and to hold the sickle high with the right hand opposite the opponent, and you will hit part of his neck or his left side. But if the opponent in the same manner attempts to cut, you, standing with the right foot in front against him, will then hinder the right hand of the opponent with your left hand, and if you then lift it high, you will in that manner displace the enemy cut. And from there you will not omit to hit the left side of the neck of the opponent with the sickle. But if he will come at you from above, you will with the left hand hinder his right elbow from the inside, and if you pull that back hard towards your left side, and so displace the opponent with force, if you then immediately follow up with right towards the inside, for him towards the left side, and immediately pull your right hand towards you, you will cut the left side of the enemy body with the sickle, and from there make sure that you pull back from the opponent safely.
Line 5,852: Line 5,852:
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[9] A different manner for the above form'''
+
[9] '''A different manner for the above form'''
  
To the aforementioned manner in a mutual fight you can adapt as follows: put the right foot in front, and hold the sickle with the right hand high from the right side, and connect the left [hand] with the left hip, and follow the placing of your body to the left, then cut with the sickle in the left side of the neck of the opponent. But if the opponent has come at you in the same manner, then place the right foot in front against him, and hold the sickle high with the right hand, and connect the left [hand] with the left hip, then direct the left hand from below upwards and you will block his right arm next to his shoulder, and if from there you pull him towards you as hard as you can, you will displace his cut and in the meantime cut the head of the opponent. But if he in turn tries to hit your head, then grab his right hand with force with the left hand, and if you displace that to the left side, you will deflect the cut of the opponent. And if you have finished this situation, then quickly reach with the sickle to his right leg, [which is] placed in front, and from there pull back.
+
To the aforementioned manner in a mutual fight you can adapt as follows: put the right foot in front, and hold the sickle with the right hand high from the right side, and connect the left [hand] '''with the left hip, and follow the placing of your body to the left, then cut with the sickle in the left side of the neck of the opponent. But if the opponent has come at you in the same manner, then place the right foot in front against him, and hold the sickle high with the right hand, and connect the left [hand] '''with the left hip, then direct the left hand from below upwards and you will block his right arm next to his shoulder, and if from there you pull him towards you as hard as you can, you will displace his cut and in the meantime cut the head of the opponent. But if he in turn tries to hit your head, then grab his right hand with force with the left hand, and if you displace that to the left side, you will deflect the cut of the opponent. And if you have finished this situation, then quickly reach with the sickle to his right leg, [which is] '''placed in front, and from there pull back.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|239r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|239r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 186r.png|German|lbl=186r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 186r.png|German|lbl=186r}}
Line 5,865: Line 5,865:
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[10] A cut from above against a way to parry'''
+
[10] '''A cut from above against a way to parry'''
  
To this technique you will adapt in the following way: put the left foot in front and hold the sickle opposite the opponent with the right hand, and you will cut his neck from the right side. But if he attempts (to hit) you in the same manner, [while you are] standing with he left foot in front, you will again lift the sickle with the right hand, and with the centre of the sickle block his attempt, and immediately after that with the left hand attack his right elbow by pushing against it, and then lifting him strongly upward: and if you then suddenly pull the right [hand] towards you, after you have followed with the right foot, you will cut the neck of the opponent from the right side. But if the opponent attempts the same against you, you will with the left hand grab his right on the inside, and if you lift it, you will deflect the opponent’s idea against you. But if you are deflected in the same way by the opponent, you will immediately attempt to cut his left foot, [which is] placed in front, and when you pull him towards you by pulling, it is possible to injure him by cutting, or to throw him.
+
To this technique you will adapt in the following way: put the left foot in front and hold the sickle opposite the opponent with the right hand, and you will cut his neck from the right side. But if he attempts (to hit) you in the same manner, [while you are] '''standing with he left foot in front, you will again lift the sickle with the right hand, and with the centre of the sickle block his attempt, and immediately after that with the left hand attack his right elbow by pushing against it, and then lifting him strongly upward: and if you then suddenly pull the right [hand] '''towards you, after you have followed with the right foot, you will cut the neck of the opponent from the right side. But if the opponent attempts the same against you, you will with the left hand grab his right on the inside, and if you lift it, you will deflect the opponent’s idea against you. But if you are deflected in the same way by the opponent, you will immediately attempt to cut his left foot, [which is] '''placed in front, and when you pull him towards you by pulling, it is possible to injure him by cutting, or to throw him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|239v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|239v|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 186v.png|German|lbl=186v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 186v.png|German|lbl=186v}}
Line 5,878: Line 5,878:
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 11.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 11.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[11] Two cuts on the outside'''
+
[11] '''Two cuts on the outside'''
  
In the fight you will act in this manner: put your right leg in front, and hold the sickle with the right hand opposite the opponent, but put your left against your left hip, and from this position you cut the enemy’s neck from outside on the right side with the sickle. But if he uses this against you, [while you are] standing with the left foot in front, and are also holding the sickle in the right hand opposite the opponent, then grab the right elbow of the opponent with the left hand from the outside, and if you sharply displace that towards your right side, you will deflect the cut of the opponent, and from there you will make sure that you cut his right elbow from the outside with the sickle. But if the opponent attempts the same against you, you will not neglect to grab the right arm of the opponent with left hand and in that way displace his cut. And from there you will with force attempt to cut the left leg of the opponent, [which is] placed in front, after pulling back the right [hand] towards you. But if he has come at you in the same way, you will displace him with force with the left hand against his right arm. But if the opponent displaces you in the same way, you will suddenly pull back your right, and if from there you injure his head by cutting, pull back from him again.
+
In the fight you will act in this manner: put your right leg in front, and hold the sickle with the right hand opposite the opponent, but put your left against your left hip, and from this position you cut the enemy’s neck from outside on the right side with the sickle. But if he uses this against you, [while you are] '''standing with the left foot in front, and are also holding the sickle in the right hand opposite the opponent, then grab the right elbow of the opponent with the left hand from the outside, and if you sharply displace that towards your right side, you will deflect the cut of the opponent, and from there you will make sure that you cut his right elbow from the outside with the sickle. But if the opponent attempts the same against you, you will not neglect to grab the right arm of the opponent with left hand and in that way displace his cut. And from there you will with force attempt to cut the left leg of the opponent, [which is] '''placed in front, after pulling back the right [hand] '''towards you. But if he has come at you in the same way, you will displace him with force with the left hand against his right arm. But if the opponent displaces you in the same way, you will suddenly pull back your right, and if from there you injure his head by cutting, pull back from him again.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|240r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|240r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 187r.png|German|lbl=187r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 187r.png|German|lbl=187r}}
Line 5,891: Line 5,891:
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 12.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 12.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[12] A cut from above against one that attacks the side'''
+
[12] '''A cut from above against one that attacks the side'''
  
In this fight, when you arrive at the opponent, you will remember to place your right foot in front, and if you hold the sickle high with the right hand against the opponent, you will hit his head. But if the opponent acts against you in the same manner [while you are] standing with the right foot in front, and you in turn are holding the sickle in the right hand in the manner of the middle cut, then with the left hand grab the right arm of the opponent at the front, next to the hand, and if you lift him upwards in that way, you will displace the cut from above. And quickly you will wound the right side of the opponent with the sickle. But if you understand that he attacks you in the same manner, then with the left hand hinder the right elbow of the opponent from the outside, and if you push the opponent strongly away towards your right side, you will deceive his middle cut, and meanwhile follow with the left foot and hit his right leg, [which is] placed in front, and from there again pull back from the opponent.
+
In this fight, when you arrive at the opponent, you will remember to place your right foot in front, and if you hold the sickle high with the right hand against the opponent, you will hit his head. But if the opponent acts against you in the same manner [while you are] '''standing with the right foot in front, and you in turn are holding the sickle in the right hand in the manner of the middle cut, then with the left hand grab the right arm of the opponent at the front, next to the hand, and if you lift him upwards in that way, you will displace the cut from above. And quickly you will wound the right side of the opponent with the sickle. But if you understand that he attacks you in the same manner, then with the left hand hinder the right elbow of the opponent from the outside, and if you push the opponent strongly away towards your right side, you will deceive his middle cut, and meanwhile follow with the left foot and hit his right leg, [which is] '''placed in front, and from there again pull back from the opponent.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|240v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|240v|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 187v.png|German|lbl=187v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 187v.png|German|lbl=187v}}
Line 5,904: Line 5,904:
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 13.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 13.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[13] Two cuts with their applied parry'''
+
[13] '''Two cuts with their applied parry'''
  
You will adapt to the opponent from this fight in this way, that you put your right foot in front and hold the sickle with a stretched arm against the opponent, and you will make sure that you cut his head with force. And if he in his turn attempts to wound you, then you [standing] opposite him with the right leg in front, and the sickle held in the right hand in the manner of the cut from above, cover the right elbow of the opponent with the left hand from the outside, and if you then lift this, you will lift away his cut from above. Meanwhile you will cut the right arm of the opponent from above next to the hand. But if he attempts to injure you in the same manner, you will place your left hand on the chest of the opponent between both his arms, from the right side, and in this manner you will push him away, and from his cut you will safely release yourself. But meanwhile, after you have pulled towards you with your right hand, you will cut the right arm of the opponent, and from there pull back from him again.
+
You will adapt to the opponent from this fight in this way, that you put your right foot in front and hold the sickle with a stretched arm against the opponent, and you will make sure that you cut his head with force. And if he in his turn attempts to wound you, then you [standing] '''opposite him with the right leg in front, and the sickle held in the right hand in the manner of the cut from above, cover the right elbow of the opponent with the left hand from the outside, and if you then lift this, you will lift away his cut from above. Meanwhile you will cut the right arm of the opponent from above next to the hand. But if he attempts to injure you in the same manner, you will place your left hand on the chest of the opponent between both his arms, from the right side, and in this manner you will push him away, and from his cut you will safely release yourself. But meanwhile, after you have pulled towards you with your right hand, you will cut the right arm of the opponent, and from there pull back from him again.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|241r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|241r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 188r.png|German|lbl=188r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 188r.png|German|lbl=188r}}
Line 5,917: Line 5,917:
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 14.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 14.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
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'''[14] Two cuts from below'''
+
[14] '''Two cuts from below'''
  
In this fight, if you stand straight with both legs in the same place, and with the right hand hold the sickle at the right side, but at the same time grab it with you’re the left [hand] and place the right against the right hip, and then place the left foot in front next to the left foot of the opponent, on the outside, and if you cut to his left foot, [which is] placed in front, you will in this manner pull the opponent towards you. But if he uses this against you, you will block the left shoulder of the opponent with the left hand, and if you pull the opponent down towards your left side, you will deflect his cut. But if meanwhile you throw the sickle between his legs in his genitals, and from there you pull him towards you, it will be possible in that manner to throw the opponent over the left leg, [which is] placed in front.
+
In this fight, if you stand straight with both legs in the same place, and with the right hand hold the sickle at the right side, but at the same time grab it with you’re the left [hand] '''and place the right against the right hip, and then place the left foot in front next to the left foot of the opponent, on the outside, and if you cut to his left foot, [which is] '''placed in front, you will in this manner pull the opponent towards you. But if he uses this against you, you will block the left shoulder of the opponent with the left hand, and if you pull the opponent down towards your left side, you will deflect his cut. But if meanwhile you throw the sickle between his legs in his genitals, and from there you pull him towards you, it will be possible in that manner to throw the opponent over the left leg, [which is] '''placed in front.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|241v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|241v|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 188v.png|German|lbl=188v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 188v.png|German|lbl=188v}}
Line 5,930: Line 5,930:
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 15.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 15.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[15] Two middle cuts by which a way is formed to throw the enemy'''
+
[15] '''Two middle cuts by which a way is formed to throw the enemy'''
  
If it will be necessary to adapt to this action in this manner, you will put your right foot in front, and hold the sickle with the right hand, in front of your face opposite the opponent, but also place the left [hand] against the left hip. Meanwhile you will place the left foot outside behind the right of the opponent, and in the manner of a cut from his right side connect the sickle around the loin to hit. But if he attacks you in approximately the same manner, you in your turn will use the learned method [a cut around the loin from the right], and pull the opponent towards you from there. But if he in his turn connects his sickle with your loin, you will with the left hand hinder his elbow on the inside, and displace the attack of the opponent to your left side. Further, if you in turn are displaced by him in the same manner, if you have grabbed his chin with the left hand, you will lift this up. But if the opponent attempts to turn this against you, you will immediately attack with the sickle, and pretend to want to attack the opponent from above to cut, but to deflect you will cut his left arm and in this manner you will free yourself, so that he cannot grab your chin. But if you understand that the opponent wants to do the same against you, then throw the sickle away, and throw your left hand from above against his neck, and put the right on his genital, and if in this manner you will lift up the opponent, you will throw him down on your left side.
+
If it will be necessary to adapt to this action in this manner, you will put your right foot in front, and hold the sickle with the right hand, in front of your face opposite the opponent, but also place the left [hand] '''against the left hip. Meanwhile you will place the left foot outside behind the right of the opponent, and in the manner of a cut from his right side connect the sickle around the loin to hit. But if he attacks you in approximately the same manner, you in your turn will use the learned method [a cut around the loin from the right], and pull the opponent towards you from there. But if he in his turn connects his sickle with your loin, you will with the left hand hinder his elbow on the inside, and displace the attack of the opponent to your left side. Further, if you in turn are displaced by him in the same manner, if you have grabbed his chin with the left hand, you will lift this up. But if the opponent attempts to turn this against you, you will immediately attack with the sickle, and pretend to want to attack the opponent from above to cut, but to deflect you will cut his left arm and in this manner you will free yourself, so that he cannot grab your chin. But if you understand that the opponent wants to do the same against you, then throw the sickle away, and throw your left hand from above against his neck, and put the right on his genital, and if in this manner you will lift up the opponent, you will throw him down on your left side.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|242r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.93|242r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 189r.png|German|lbl=189r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 189r.png|German|lbl=189r}}
Line 5,943: Line 5,943:
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 16.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair sickle 16.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[16] A way to throw the enemy on the ground by lifting him'''
+
[16] '''A way to throw the enemy on the ground by lifting him'''
  
 
If you want to use this action in an athletic manner, you have to place your right foot opposite the opponent, and hold the sickle opposite the opponent with the right hand in the manner of the cut from below, but place the left against the left hip, and if from there you move forward to the inside with left, you will place the sickle against his right arm to cut. But if he in the same manner uses the middle cut against you, you will again place the right foot in front, and with the middle of the sickle deflect his attack to your right side. But if you are in the same manner deflected by the opponent, you will place your left hand against his right elbow from the outside, and from there put him away towards your right side. But if he in his turn puts you away, you will direct your sickle around his loin from his right side in the manner of a cut. Further, if the opponent attempts it in the same manner against you, you will throw away your sickle, and take hold of the side of the opponent’s head with the right hand, with the left hand on the left side, and in this manner you will turn the face of the opponent upwards towards the sun and at the same time you can throw him towards your left side.
 
If you want to use this action in an athletic manner, you have to place your right foot opposite the opponent, and hold the sickle opposite the opponent with the right hand in the manner of the cut from below, but place the left against the left hip, and if from there you move forward to the inside with left, you will place the sickle against his right arm to cut. But if he in the same manner uses the middle cut against you, you will again place the right foot in front, and with the middle of the sickle deflect his attack to your right side. But if you are in the same manner deflected by the opponent, you will place your left hand against his right elbow from the outside, and from there put him away towards your right side. But if he in his turn puts you away, you will direct your sickle around his loin from his right side in the manner of a cut. Further, if the opponent attempts it in the same manner against you, you will throw away your sickle, and take hold of the side of the opponent’s head with the right hand, with the left hand on the left side, and in this manner you will turn the face of the opponent upwards towards the sun and at the same time you can throw him towards your left side.
Line 5,962: Line 5,962:
 
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|-  
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]] Versions</p>
+
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]]and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]]Versions</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|b}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|b}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}</p>
  
 
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Line 5,974: Line 5,974:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 001.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 001.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[1] First engaging into grappling'''
+
[1] '''First engaging into grappling'''
  
 
Do as follows when going towards him in this wrestling device: first of all, pay attention to whether he comes at you with his arms high or low. If he holds his arms high, then you do not need to worry about him, and use whatever techniques you want. If his arms are low, however, then keep the thumbs in your hands closed, your left hand on your left side, your right hand att your right side, and your left foot forward. Then enter the scales position, and you have your advantage over him.
 
Do as follows when going towards him in this wrestling device: first of all, pay attention to whether he comes at you with his arms high or low. If he holds his arms high, then you do not need to worry about him, and use whatever techniques you want. If his arms are low, however, then keep the thumbs in your hands closed, your left hand on your left side, your right hand att your right side, and your left foot forward. Then enter the scales position, and you have your advantage over him.
Line 5,987: Line 5,987:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 002.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 002.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[2] The first wind-off before the hand'''*
+
[2] '''The first wind-off before the hand'''*
  
 
Do as follows in this technique: stand with your left and right arm as described before, so that you may see what your opponent is up to, your left foot forward, and your left hand closed beside your left leg. If your opponent advances on you like this and grabs you by the right shoulder with his left hand, then wind your right closed hand on the outside over his left arm and press down, that way his attempt is countered.
 
Do as follows in this technique: stand with your left and right arm as described before, so that you may see what your opponent is up to, your left foot forward, and your left hand closed beside your left leg. If your opponent advances on you like this and grabs you by the right shoulder with his left hand, then wind your right closed hand on the outside over his left arm and press down, that way his attempt is countered.
Line 6,002: Line 6,002:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 003.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 003.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[3] Closed wrestling'''*
+
[3] '''Closed wrestling'''*
  
 
If your opponent advances upon you as mentioned above, then use this technique: reach over his left arm with your left arm and grab hold of the inside of his left leg just above the knee, and step behind him on his right side with your left foot. Now, do keep in mind that your stepping and grabbing him are done at the same time, and fast. Do that, and you will throw him over. Note also that this technique can be done from both sides.
 
If your opponent advances upon you as mentioned above, then use this technique: reach over his left arm with your left arm and grab hold of the inside of his left leg just above the knee, and step behind him on his right side with your left foot. Now, do keep in mind that your stepping and grabbing him are done at the same time, and fast. Do that, and you will throw him over. Note also that this technique can be done from both sides.
Line 6,017: Line 6,017:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 004.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 004.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[4] The weakening of the wrist'''
+
[4] '''The weakening of the wrist'''
  
 
Do as follows in this device: when he advances on you with his arms close to his chest, and grabs you with his left hand by the right shoulder, then grab with your right hand from outside over his left arm by the wrist and with your left hand grab towards your right. Then, press his left hand with both hands onto your chest, so that he must bend down. Then, turn around from your left side to your right and throw him over your right leg.
 
Do as follows in this device: when he advances on you with his arms close to his chest, and grabs you with his left hand by the right shoulder, then grab with your right hand from outside over his left arm by the wrist and with your left hand grab towards your right. Then, press his left hand with both hands onto your chest, so that he must bend down. Then, turn around from your left side to your right and throw him over your right leg.
Line 6,030: Line 6,030:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 005.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 005.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[5] A throw out of the open tong hold'''
+
[5] '''A throw out of the open tong hold'''
  
 
When you both go together, then observe carefully that you grab your opponent with the tong hold, that is with crossed arms, around the neck with your right hand, behind his shoulder by the leather collar that martial arts masters use to wear. If he then tries to free himself with his left arm, and reaches through under your right arm in order to get free of it above, then quickly step with right leg behind both his feet, and grab with your left hand between his legs in his crotch. Lift up with your left, and push hard to your right with your right hand by his neck, and throw him over your forward leg.
 
When you both go together, then observe carefully that you grab your opponent with the tong hold, that is with crossed arms, around the neck with your right hand, behind his shoulder by the leather collar that martial arts masters use to wear. If he then tries to free himself with his left arm, and reaches through under your right arm in order to get free of it above, then quickly step with right leg behind both his feet, and grab with your left hand between his legs in his crotch. Lift up with your left, and push hard to your right with your right hand by his neck, and throw him over your forward leg.
Line 6,043: Line 6,043:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 006.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 006.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[6] The pull'''
+
[6] '''The pull'''
  
 
When you both come together, then grab with your left hand on his right arm. If he then winds with his right arm over your left arm from the outside, then pull your left hand back quickly, reach through and grab him underneath his right arm over his chest, and hold him tight. Then, pull away your right hand and grab him by his right leg, and lift up. Step with your left leg well outside his left and push away hard with your left hand to your left side, and throw him backwards.
 
When you both come together, then grab with your left hand on his right arm. If he then winds with his right arm over your left arm from the outside, then pull your left hand back quickly, reach through and grab him underneath his right arm over his chest, and hold him tight. Then, pull away your right hand and grab him by his right leg, and lift up. Step with your left leg well outside his left and push away hard with your left hand to your left side, and throw him backwards.
Line 6,056: Line 6,056:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 007.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 007.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[7] A run-through under the arm'''*
+
[7] '''A run-through under the arm'''*
  
 
When you both come together, then grab hold of your opponent's left hand with your right, and pull it up well. Then slip under his left arm with your head and waist, so that you have his left arm on your right shoulder and step with your left foot toward his right, so that your right leg then is in front. Then grab with your left hand well around his waist from behind. By holding him this way you can carry him away.
 
When you both come together, then grab hold of your opponent's left hand with your right, and pull it up well. Then slip under his left arm with your head and waist, so that you have his left arm on your right shoulder and step with your left foot toward his right, so that your right leg then is in front. Then grab with your left hand well around his waist from behind. By holding him this way you can carry him away.
Line 6,071: Line 6,071:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 008.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 008.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[8] A wind-off from both sides'''
+
[8] '''A wind-off from both sides'''
  
 
When you both come together, then put your left foot in front of his right and grab his left arm from the outside. If he grabs your left arm this way from the outside, then grab hold of his chest with your left hand inside his right arm, and with your right hand in front of his chest. If your opponent holds you thus, then wind your right elbow inside his right elbow and reach through with your left hand under both if his arms. Now, if you push upwards, all his work is in vain, and you are free of him.
 
When you both come together, then put your left foot in front of his right and grab his left arm from the outside. If he grabs your left arm this way from the outside, then grab hold of his chest with your left hand inside his right arm, and with your right hand in front of his chest. If your opponent holds you thus, then wind your right elbow inside his right elbow and reach through with your left hand under both if his arms. Now, if you push upwards, all his work is in vain, and you are free of him.
Line 6,084: Line 6,084:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 009.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 009.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[9] A winding above and below'''
+
[9] '''A winding above and below'''
  
 
When you and your opponent both come together, and he grabs you with his left hand inside your right arm, then step with your left leg behind his right. Grab him with your right hand from well behind, in his left arm and twist it upwards. If he does the same to you, then reach through and grab with your right arm underneath his right arm, and turn it to your left side. If he twists you up this way, then pull your left hand back quickly and put it on his right elbow, push it down and push away from you above, then you will throw him over your left leg.
 
When you and your opponent both come together, and he grabs you with his left hand inside your right arm, then step with your left leg behind his right. Grab him with your right hand from well behind, in his left arm and twist it upwards. If he does the same to you, then reach through and grab with your right arm underneath his right arm, and turn it to your left side. If he twists you up this way, then pull your left hand back quickly and put it on his right elbow, push it down and push away from you above, then you will throw him over your left leg.
Line 6,097: Line 6,097:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 010.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 010.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[10] The wheel'''
+
[10] '''The wheel'''
  
 
If you both hold each other by the arms in the elbows, then put your feet together and swing him well out of the wheel to your right side. If he swings you around this way, then lean your head on his right shoulder, and let go of your arms, and grab hold of them above from the inside. If he winds his arms above both of your arms, then step inside his left foot with your right, and swing him out of the wheel in front of you on your left side.
 
If you both hold each other by the arms in the elbows, then put your feet together and swing him well out of the wheel to your right side. If he swings you around this way, then lean your head on his right shoulder, and let go of your arms, and grab hold of them above from the inside. If he winds his arms above both of your arms, then step inside his left foot with your right, and swing him out of the wheel in front of you on your left side.
Line 6,110: Line 6,110:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 011.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 011.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[11] The Wheel in front of your opponent'''
+
[11] '''The Wheel in front of your opponent'''
  
 
Do as follows in this technique: step forward with your left foot so that you have both his legs between both of yours. Now, grab with your right hand on top of his elbow, and with your left hand in his right hand under his armpit, and throw him through the wheel over your left leg. If you want to counter this, then let go of his left shoulder with your right hand and grab hold of his neck with it, and it will be hindered.
 
Do as follows in this technique: step forward with your left foot so that you have both his legs between both of yours. Now, grab with your right hand on top of his elbow, and with your left hand in his right hand under his armpit, and throw him through the wheel over your left leg. If you want to counter this, then let go of his left shoulder with your right hand and grab hold of his neck with it, and it will be hindered.
Line 6,123: Line 6,123:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 012.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 012.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[12] Closed wrestling'''*
+
[12] '''Closed wrestling'''*
  
 
Do as follows in this bolted hold technique: step forward with your left leg between both his legs and in behind his right heel. If he has stepped in this way to you, then grab him with your left hand in front of his right shoulder, and with your right around behind his waist in support of your left hand, press him against you. If he holds you this way, and presses you against him, then grab with your left arm over his left, and with your right underneath behind his knee, and with support of the left hand, lift up, and push away from you with your left shoulder, and you will throw him.
 
Do as follows in this bolted hold technique: step forward with your left leg between both his legs and in behind his right heel. If he has stepped in this way to you, then grab him with your left hand in front of his right shoulder, and with your right around behind his waist in support of your left hand, press him against you. If he holds you this way, and presses you against him, then grab with your left arm over his left, and with your right underneath behind his knee, and with support of the left hand, lift up, and push away from you with your left shoulder, and you will throw him.
Line 6,138: Line 6,138:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 013.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 013.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[13] A stepping in/stepping together with a throw'''
+
[13] '''A stepping in/stepping together with a throw'''
  
 
Execute this technique thus: step in front of both his legs with your left leg, and grab with your right hand on the outside of his left shoulder, and with reach around his waist behind with your left on his right side. If he wants to get free from you, and grips with his left hand in your right shoulder, then push him forcefully in his left armpit with your right elbow, and swing him over your left leg onto his back.
 
Execute this technique thus: step in front of both his legs with your left leg, and grab with your right hand on the outside of his left shoulder, and with reach around his waist behind with your left on his right side. If he wants to get free from you, and grips with his left hand in your right shoulder, then push him forcefully in his left armpit with your right elbow, and swing him over your left leg onto his back.
Line 6,151: Line 6,151:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 014.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 014.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[14] A throw from the upper weak point'''*
+
[14] '''A throw from the upper weak point'''*
  
 
Do as follows in this technique: step with your left leg behind his right and grab the opponent with your left hand under his chin, and with your right hand well above his shoulder. If he then wants to resist your throw, and grabs you with both his arms inside your arms, then just press him down with forcefully with your left hand by his neck, and he will not be able to withstand, then throw him backwards over your left leg.
 
Do as follows in this technique: step with your left leg behind his right and grab the opponent with your left hand under his chin, and with your right hand well above his shoulder. If he then wants to resist your throw, and grabs you with both his arms inside your arms, then just press him down with forcefully with your left hand by his neck, and he will not be able to withstand, then throw him backwards over your left leg.
Line 6,166: Line 6,166:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 015.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 015.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[15] A throw out of the armtwist'''
+
[15] '''A throw out of the armtwist'''
  
 
Do the following technique thus: step in front of his left leg with your right and reach around behind his waist with your right arm to his right side, and with your left hand, grab hold of his right elbow, and pull him towards you on your right side. If he wishes to step into a throw, then grab him with your right hand over his chest on his left shoulder and with your left around his waist onto his left side. Then, step with back with your left leg and swing him over right hip on your right side, and you will throw him away from you.
 
Do the following technique thus: step in front of his left leg with your right and reach around behind his waist with your right arm to his right side, and with your left hand, grab hold of his right elbow, and pull him towards you on your right side. If he wishes to step into a throw, then grab him with your right hand over his chest on his left shoulder and with your left around his waist onto his left side. Then, step with back with your left leg and swing him over right hip on your right side, and you will throw him away from you.
Line 6,179: Line 6,179:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 016.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 016.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[16] A throw out of the scales.'''
+
[16] '''A throw out of the scales.'''
  
 
Do as follows in this scale throw: when you both go together, then step out with your right leg in front of both is legs, and grab him by the right shoulder with your left hand, and reach through with your right hand underneath his left arm around his waist. If he holds you in the same way in order to throw you over, then reach around his waist grab hold of his right arm with your left arm, and use the right arm to support. If he holds you the same way, and is determined to stay standing, then throw him nevertheless over both legs the way you are holding him.
 
Do as follows in this scale throw: when you both go together, then step out with your right leg in front of both is legs, and grab him by the right shoulder with your left hand, and reach through with your right hand underneath his left arm around his waist. If he holds you in the same way in order to throw you over, then reach around his waist grab hold of his right arm with your left arm, and use the right arm to support. If he holds you the same way, and is determined to stay standing, then throw him nevertheless over both legs the way you are holding him.
Line 6,192: Line 6,192:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 017.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 017.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[17] A throw from the swing'''
+
[17] '''A throw from the swing'''
  
 
Do as follows in this technique: step with your right foot inside his right and grab him with your right hand over his chest on his left side, and with your left hand well above in his right leg. If he has taken hold of you this way, then grab him under his left arm with your right in his armpit, and with your left inside of his right arm, and press him down. If he wants to resist your swing this way, then step with your left leg behind his right and swing him to the ground over your left leg.
 
Do as follows in this technique: step with your right foot inside his right and grab him with your right hand over his chest on his left side, and with your left hand well above in his right leg. If he has taken hold of you this way, then grab him under his left arm with your right in his armpit, and with your left inside of his right arm, and press him down. If he wants to resist your swing this way, then step with your left leg behind his right and swing him to the ground over your left leg.
Line 6,205: Line 6,205:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 018.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 018.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[18] A common throw'''
+
[18] '''A common throw'''
  
 
When you both go together, then step with your left leg between his both feet, and grab him with your left hand behind his right leg, and with your right hand below by his crotch, and swing him around on your right side. If he swings you round this way, then strike with your left foot around his left in a leg hook, and he must fall.
 
When you both go together, then step with your left leg between his both feet, and grab him with your left hand behind his right leg, and with your right hand below by his crotch, and swing him around on your right side. If he swings you round this way, then strike with your left foot around his left in a leg hook, and he must fall.
Line 6,218: Line 6,218:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 019.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 019.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[19] A throw out of the scales'''
+
[19] '''A throw out of the scales'''
  
 
Execute this technique thus: when you go together, step in with your left leg and grab him forcefully with your right hand around his waist on his left side, and with left hand above in his right leg. If he on the other side has taken hold of you in this manner, then you too grab hold of him with your left hand around his waist on his right side, and with your right hand reach through under his left arm and grab hold above on his left leg. Now that you both hold each other in the scales, then step with your right leg in front of his left and swing him over it out of the scales.
 
Execute this technique thus: when you go together, step in with your left leg and grab him forcefully with your right hand around his waist on his left side, and with left hand above in his right leg. If he on the other side has taken hold of you in this manner, then you too grab hold of him with your left hand around his waist on his right side, and with your right hand reach through under his left arm and grab hold above on his left leg. Now that you both hold each other in the scales, then step with your right leg in front of his left and swing him over it out of the scales.
Line 6,231: Line 6,231:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 020.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 020.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[20] A throw out of strength'''
+
[20] '''A throw out of strength'''
  
 
Do as follows: when you go together, step with your left leg outside behind his right and take hold of his waist with your right hand on his right side and with your left hand grab him around the belly. If he taken hold of you thus, then take hold around his waist with your right hand as well and with your left hand for support in equal strength. Now, that you have equal hold of each other, then step with your left leg in front of his right and pull him towards you forcefully. Then, put your chin on above on his chest and press down, and you will throw him over your left leg.
 
Do as follows: when you go together, step with your left leg outside behind his right and take hold of his waist with your right hand on his right side and with your left hand grab him around the belly. If he taken hold of you thus, then take hold around his waist with your right hand as well and with your left hand for support in equal strength. Now, that you have equal hold of each other, then step with your left leg in front of his right and pull him towards you forcefully. Then, put your chin on above on his chest and press down, and you will throw him over your left leg.
Line 6,244: Line 6,244:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 021.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 021.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[21] A throw out of the upper weak point'''*
+
[21] '''A throw out of the upper weak point'''*
  
 
Do as follows in this technique: step with your left leg onto his right side behind both his legs, and put your left hand on his throat and with your right hand grab around his waist on his right side. If he resists, and grasps your right elbow with his left hand, and with his right hand around your waist onto your right side, and wants to remove you, then push him above at the weak point, ie the neck, over your left leg, and you will throw him over it onto his back.
 
Do as follows in this technique: step with your left leg onto his right side behind both his legs, and put your left hand on his throat and with your right hand grab around his waist on his right side. If he resists, and grasps your right elbow with his left hand, and with his right hand around your waist onto your right side, and wants to remove you, then push him above at the weak point, ie the neck, over your left leg, and you will throw him over it onto his back.
Line 6,259: Line 6,259:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 022.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 022.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[22] A throw from the middle weak point'''
+
[22] '''A throw from the middle weak point'''
  
 
Do as follows in this device: when you go together, step out well behind his left with your right foot, and lift his right leg high from the inside with your left hand, and with your right hand grab around his waist behind his back and onto his right side. If your opponent is holding you this way and tries to throw you over, then grab hold around his waist, ie the middle weak point, with both arms and press him hard onto you. If he presses you towards himself this way, then just move back a little and lift his right leg high, that way you will throw him on your right side.
 
Do as follows in this device: when you go together, step out well behind his left with your right foot, and lift his right leg high from the inside with your left hand, and with your right hand grab around his waist behind his back and onto his right side. If your opponent is holding you this way and tries to throw you over, then grab hold around his waist, ie the middle weak point, with both arms and press him hard onto you. If he presses you towards himself this way, then just move back a little and lift his right leg high, that way you will throw him on your right side.
Line 6,272: Line 6,272:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 023.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 023.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[23] A common throw'''
+
[23] '''A common throw'''
  
 
When you step together, put your left leg between both his legs, and press with your chin below his neck. If he then bends down and enters the scales, then grab with your left hand between his legs and with your right around his waist hold his right side, and pull him towards you. If he holds you this way and is about to throw you, then take hold around his waist with both your arms, and pull him to you. If he presses himself against you thus, then press him hard away from you with your chin, and lift him up underneath, and he falls backwards.
 
When you step together, put your left leg between both his legs, and press with your chin below his neck. If he then bends down and enters the scales, then grab with your left hand between his legs and with your right around his waist hold his right side, and pull him towards you. If he holds you this way and is about to throw you, then take hold around his waist with both your arms, and pull him to you. If he presses himself against you thus, then press him hard away from you with your chin, and lift him up underneath, and he falls backwards.
Line 6,285: Line 6,285:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 024.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 024.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[24] A hip throw'''
+
[24] '''A hip throw'''
  
 
Do the following technique this way: when you go together then step in front of his right and grab him with your right hand in his left armpit and with your left hand reach around his waist to support your right. If he holds you this way, then reach around his waist and take hold in front of his chest with your left hand and hold him firmly in his right arm above his elbow. Then step with your right foot in front of your right and swing him over your hip, then he must fall.
 
Do the following technique this way: when you go together then step in front of his right and grab him with your right hand in his left armpit and with your left hand reach around his waist to support your right. If he holds you this way, then reach around his waist and take hold in front of his chest with your left hand and hold him firmly in his right arm above his elbow. Then step with your right foot in front of your right and swing him over your hip, then he must fall.
Line 6,298: Line 6,298:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 025.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 025.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[25] A throw from the scales'''
+
[25] '''A throw from the scales'''
  
 
When you both go together, do thus: take a long step with your left leg in front of both of your opponent's legs, and reach around with your right hand around his waist and grab him in front of the chest with your left hand, around his waist as well to support your right hand. If he holds you this way, then you reach around his waist and grab hold over his right arm, and use your right hand as support. Now, lower yourself into the scales, and swing him over your left leg, and he will fall.
 
When you both go together, do thus: take a long step with your left leg in front of both of your opponent's legs, and reach around with your right hand around his waist and grab him in front of the chest with your left hand, around his waist as well to support your right hand. If he holds you this way, then you reach around his waist and grab hold over his right arm, and use your right hand as support. Now, lower yourself into the scales, and swing him over your left leg, and he will fall.
Line 6,311: Line 6,311:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 026.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 026.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[26] A throw with an armbreak'''
+
[26] '''A throw with an armbreak'''
  
 
This technique is performed thus: if your opponent holds you with his right hand on the inside of your left arm and has put his left hand on your neck in order to pull you towards him, then reach over his shoulder with your right arm and with your left grab hold of his right elbow. Now, take a good step forward with your right leg, and in your upper grip press down hard, and you will break his arm, or if you rather, throw him over your hip/front leg.
 
This technique is performed thus: if your opponent holds you with his right hand on the inside of your left arm and has put his left hand on your neck in order to pull you towards him, then reach over his shoulder with your right arm and with your left grab hold of his right elbow. Now, take a good step forward with your right leg, and in your upper grip press down hard, and you will break his arm, or if you rather, throw him over your hip/front leg.
Line 6,324: Line 6,324:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 027.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 027.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[27] An armlock with a throw'''
+
[27] '''An armlock with a throw'''
  
 
Do as follows: when you both go together, then put your left leg on his right from the inside and take hold in front of his waist with both hands. If he holds you this, then reach with both arms over his both and take hold underneath by his elbows, and clasp hard together. Then, lift up and sweep him over your left leg, and he will not be able to stand up and must fall.
 
Do as follows: when you both go together, then put your left leg on his right from the inside and take hold in front of his waist with both hands. If he holds you this, then reach with both arms over his both and take hold underneath by his elbows, and clasp hard together. Then, lift up and sweep him over your left leg, and he will not be able to stand up and must fall.
Line 6,337: Line 6,337:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 028.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 028.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[28] How to get free of a lock'''
+
[28] '''How to get free of a lock'''
  
 
Step with your left foot toward your opponent, and grab him in front of his waist with both hands. If he holds you thus, then reach down with both elbows between his arms, shoot down into the scales, and thrust out. Then, put both hands under his elbows, and push them up high, and hook his left leg with your left, and you will throw him on his back.
 
Step with your left foot toward your opponent, and grab him in front of his waist with both hands. If he holds you thus, then reach down with both elbows between his arms, shoot down into the scales, and thrust out. Then, put both hands under his elbows, and push them up high, and hook his left leg with your left, and you will throw him on his back.
Line 6,350: Line 6,350:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 029.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 029.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[29] A break-in with a throw'''
+
[29] '''A break-in with a throw'''
  
 
When you both go together, do as follows: hold your hands down low, and when he comes at you, then catch both his legs your arms, and pull him towards you. If he pulls you towards you thus, then take hold of him with your arms above around his shoulders. If the opponent on the other hand has you in this grip and is about to throw you with him, then spread your legs well and pull him over your legs, you can throw him however you want.
 
When you both go together, do as follows: hold your hands down low, and when he comes at you, then catch both his legs your arms, and pull him towards you. If he pulls you towards you thus, then take hold of him with your arms above around his shoulders. If the opponent on the other hand has you in this grip and is about to throw you with him, then spread your legs well and pull him over your legs, you can throw him however you want.
Line 6,363: Line 6,363:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 030.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 030.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[30] A throw from the leg hook'''
+
[30] '''A throw from the leg hook'''
  
 
Execute this technique thus: when you both go together, then step with your left leg inside his right, reach around his waist with your hands, grab hold of him and pull him towards you as hard as you can. If your opponent holds you in this grip, then put your right hand on his chin, and push him backwards. Furthermore when you do this, do a leg hook with your right foot behind his left knee, and you will throw him easily. This can be done on both sides.
 
Execute this technique thus: when you both go together, then step with your left leg inside his right, reach around his waist with your hands, grab hold of him and pull him towards you as hard as you can. If your opponent holds you in this grip, then put your right hand on his chin, and push him backwards. Furthermore when you do this, do a leg hook with your right foot behind his left knee, and you will throw him easily. This can be done on both sides.
Line 6,376: Line 6,376:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 031.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 031.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[31] How to get free from a double armlock'''
+
[31] '''How to get free from a double armlock'''
  
 
When you go together, then step forward with your left leg and grab hold in front with your right hand on his left breast, and with your left on his right shoulder. If he holds you this way, and you stand with your right foot forward, then reach over with your left arm outside over his right hand and press it to your chest, so that he then must bend down against you, and with your right hand grab him by the left shoulder and pull him towards you. Then grab with your left hand between hes legs and with your right arm around his neck, and you will throw him out of the tongs.
 
When you go together, then step forward with your left leg and grab hold in front with your right hand on his left breast, and with your left on his right shoulder. If he holds you this way, and you stand with your right foot forward, then reach over with your left arm outside over his right hand and press it to your chest, so that he then must bend down against you, and with your right hand grab him by the left shoulder and pull him towards you. Then grab with your left hand between hes legs and with your right arm around his neck, and you will throw him out of the tongs.
Line 6,389: Line 6,389:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 032.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 032.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[32] An armtwist with a throw'''
+
[32] '''An armtwist with a throw'''
  
 
When you see your opponent coming toward you, then step forward with your right foot, and put your left arm under his right elbow, and pull toward you, so that he bends down, and when he does so, grab his right hand with your left, twist it down, and you will break it. If he holds you this way, and is about to break your arm, then grab his right arm with your left hand and press down, and you will break free of him. Then, quickly put your left hand on his neck and step with your left foot behind his right and throw him over it.
 
When you see your opponent coming toward you, then step forward with your right foot, and put your left arm under his right elbow, and pull toward you, so that he bends down, and when he does so, grab his right hand with your left, twist it down, and you will break it. If he holds you this way, and is about to break your arm, then grab his right arm with your left hand and press down, and you will break free of him. Then, quickly put your left hand on his neck and step with your left foot behind his right and throw him over it.
Line 6,402: Line 6,402:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 033.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 033.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[33] A pull with a throw'''
+
[33] '''A pull with a throw'''
  
 
If your opponent thrusts his head into your chest, then quickly grab him with both hands around his neck onto his collar, and make sure you have entered low into the scales. If he holds you by the heck like this, then reach out with both arms and grab around both his arms. If he does this to you, then step back with the left foot and pull him quickly onto you, that way you will throw him on his face.
 
If your opponent thrusts his head into your chest, then quickly grab him with both hands around his neck onto his collar, and make sure you have entered low into the scales. If he holds you by the heck like this, then reach out with both arms and grab around both his arms. If he does this to you, then step back with the left foot and pull him quickly onto you, that way you will throw him on his face.
Line 6,415: Line 6,415:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 034.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 034.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[34] A run-through under the arm'''
+
[34] '''A run-through under the arm'''
  
 
Do as follows in this technique: when you go together, then take hold of him in his left hand with your right, and lift it up. Then stoop down with your head under his left arm and step with your left leg behind his left, and grab hold with your left hand of his left leg. Straighten yourself up, and lift him up high, and you can throw him or carry him wherever you want.
 
Do as follows in this technique: when you go together, then take hold of him in his left hand with your right, and lift it up. Then stoop down with your head under his left arm and step with your left leg behind his left, and grab hold with your left hand of his left leg. Straighten yourself up, and lift him up high, and you can throw him or carry him wherever you want.
Line 6,428: Line 6,428:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 035.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 035.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[35] A roundturner'''
+
[35] '''A roundturner'''
  
 
Do as follows: when you come up in front of your opponent, and he stands with his right foot forward, and you do as well, then take hold of his left hand with your left and with your right hand grab his left elbow. This way you will turn him around and he is forced to turn his back to you. Now, step forward with your left foot and push away from you in your upper grip, and he will fall face first.
 
Do as follows: when you come up in front of your opponent, and he stands with his right foot forward, and you do as well, then take hold of his left hand with your left and with your right hand grab his left elbow. This way you will turn him around and he is forced to turn his back to you. Now, step forward with your left foot and push away from you in your upper grip, and he will fall face first.
Line 6,441: Line 6,441:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 036.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 036.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[36] A throw from the scales'''
+
[36] '''A throw from the scales'''
  
 
When you both go together do thus: stand with your left foot forward, and bend down into the scales. If he does this, then step with your right foot in a triangle step behind your opponent. Then reach with your right hand behind his both legs and grab his right leg, lift that up, and with your left arm reach around his neck, so that you hold him by the chest with your left hand. Then pull down hard, and lift up high with your right hand, and you will throw him over his chest face first.
 
When you both go together do thus: stand with your left foot forward, and bend down into the scales. If he does this, then step with your right foot in a triangle step behind your opponent. Then reach with your right hand behind his both legs and grab his right leg, lift that up, and with your left arm reach around his neck, so that you hold him by the chest with your left hand. Then pull down hard, and lift up high with your right hand, and you will throw him over his chest face first.
Line 6,454: Line 6,454:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 037.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 037.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[37] An entry with an armlock'''
+
[37] '''An entry with an armlock'''
  
 
Do as follows in this technique: stand with your left foot forward. If he then stands with his right foot forward facing you, and grasps after you, then catch his right thumb with your right hand and grab hold from the outside of his left shoulder. If he has taken hold of you this way, and tries to pull you towards him, then step with your left leg between his feet, take hold of his right elbow with your left hand and push down. This way he must let go of your thumb. Then reach out with your left hand and put it on his neck in front of him, and throw him over your forward leg.
 
Do as follows in this technique: stand with your left foot forward. If he then stands with his right foot forward facing you, and grasps after you, then catch his right thumb with your right hand and grab hold from the outside of his left shoulder. If he has taken hold of you this way, and tries to pull you towards him, then step with your left leg between his feet, take hold of his right elbow with your left hand and push down. This way he must let go of your thumb. Then reach out with your left hand and put it on his neck in front of him, and throw him over your forward leg.
Line 6,467: Line 6,467:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 038.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 038.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[38] A throw from the tongs'''
+
[38] '''A throw from the tongs'''
  
 
Do as follows: when standing in front of your opponent, and he then steps towards you with right leg, then step behind his right foot with your left, and reach out with your left hand under his right hand and over his chest and put it on his throat. Then, take hold of on the upper part of his right foot with your right hand, and lift it up, as well as you in your upper grip(ie the left hand on his throat), pull down, and you will throw him out of the tong grip.
 
Do as follows: when standing in front of your opponent, and he then steps towards you with right leg, then step behind his right foot with your left, and reach out with your left hand under his right hand and over his chest and put it on his throat. Then, take hold of on the upper part of his right foot with your right hand, and lift it up, as well as you in your upper grip(ie the left hand on his throat), pull down, and you will throw him out of the tong grip.
Line 6,480: Line 6,480:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 039.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 039.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[39] A hip throw'''<ref>A variant on the o-goshi in judo.</ref>
+
[39] '''A hip throw'''<ref>A variant on the o-goshi in judo.</ref>
  
 
When you go together, do thus: step forward with your right leg, and if he then stands with his left leg forward, then pay close attention to grab hold of his left hand with your own left, and pull him towards you. Then, reach around his waist behind his back with your right hand and throw him over your right hip.
 
When you go together, do thus: step forward with your right leg, and if he then stands with his left leg forward, then pay close attention to grab hold of his left hand with your own left, and pull him towards you. Then, reach around his waist behind his back with your right hand and throw him over your right hip.
Line 6,493: Line 6,493:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 040.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 040.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[40] A press-down'''*
+
[40] '''A press-down'''*
  
 
Do thus: when you go together, step with your left leg behind his right. If he then stands with his right leg towards you and grabs your upper right leg with his left hand and with his right hand inside between both your arms, then take hold of his throat with your right hand, with your left grab hold in his armpit and push him to the ground.
 
Do thus: when you go together, step with your left leg behind his right. If he then stands with his right leg towards you and grabs your upper right leg with his left hand and with his right hand inside between both your arms, then take hold of his throat with your right hand, with your left grab hold in his armpit and push him to the ground.
Line 6,508: Line 6,508:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 041.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 041.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[41] A short hip/loin throw'''
+
[41] '''A short hip/loin throw'''
  
 
When you step together do as follows: if your opponent steps with his right leg towards you, so that it comes outside your right foot, then reach behind his back around his waist with your left hand, and grab with your right hand onto his left elbow, and pull him to you. If he has taken hold of you thus, then grab with your right hand around his neck and pull him towards you. If he has pulled you towards him thus, kick your right knee into his right knee, and you will throw him over your left hip.
 
When you step together do as follows: if your opponent steps with his right leg towards you, so that it comes outside your right foot, then reach behind his back around his waist with your left hand, and grab with your right hand onto his left elbow, and pull him to you. If he has taken hold of you thus, then grab with your right hand around his neck and pull him towards you. If he has pulled you towards him thus, kick your right knee into his right knee, and you will throw him over your left hip.
Line 6,521: Line 6,521:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 042.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 042.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[42] Another hip throw'''
+
[42] '''Another hip throw'''
  
 
Do thus: when you come together step forth with your left(lat)/right(ger) foot, and if he stands with right foot forward, then take good care to reach over his back with your left hand and grab onto his left shoulder, and with your right hand on his upper right leg, and lift it up. If he has taken hold of you thus and is about to throw you, then grab around his neck with your right hand onto his right shoulder, and with your left hand on his right arm. If he tries to sustain himself this way, then lift up well with your lower grip, and push down in your upper grip and you will throw him over your left hip.
 
Do thus: when you come together step forth with your left(lat)/right(ger) foot, and if he stands with right foot forward, then take good care to reach over his back with your left hand and grab onto his left shoulder, and with your right hand on his upper right leg, and lift it up. If he has taken hold of you thus and is about to throw you, then grab around his neck with your right hand onto his right shoulder, and with your left hand on his right arm. If he tries to sustain himself this way, then lift up well with your lower grip, and push down in your upper grip and you will throw him over your left hip.
Line 6,534: Line 6,534:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 043.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 043.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[43] A left side throw'''
+
[43] '''A left side throw'''
  
 
Do as follows in this technique: step with your left foot forward and reach over his right shoulder and onto his neck with your left arm, and shove him away from you with your left hand. Then grab with your right hand outside onto his right leg, and lift up. If he holds you this way, then reach out and grab him under his left arm around his neck with your right hand and with your left hand below onto his left leg. If he wants hinder you this way and sustain himself, then swing him around on your left side and throw him over your left hip.
 
Do as follows in this technique: step with your left foot forward and reach over his right shoulder and onto his neck with your left arm, and shove him away from you with your left hand. Then grab with your right hand outside onto his right leg, and lift up. If he holds you this way, then reach out and grab him under his left arm around his neck with your right hand and with your left hand below onto his left leg. If he wants hinder you this way and sustain himself, then swing him around on your left side and throw him over your left hip.
Line 6,547: Line 6,547:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 044.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 044.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[44] A pull with a throw'''
+
[44] '''A pull with a throw'''
  
 
Do thus: when you come before your opponent, then step with your left leg forward and take care to grab his right hand with your right and pull it to your chest, and with your left over his right shoulder and push it upwards. If he holds you thus, then step behind his left with your right, and with your left hand take hold of his genitals, and push him away from you with your right elbow, and you will throw him over your right leg.
 
Do thus: when you come before your opponent, then step with your left leg forward and take care to grab his right hand with your right and pull it to your chest, and with your left over his right shoulder and push it upwards. If he holds you thus, then step behind his left with your right, and with your left hand take hold of his genitals, and push him away from you with your right elbow, and you will throw him over your right leg.
Line 6,560: Line 6,560:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 045.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 045.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[45] A lift up with a head first throw'''
+
[45] '''A lift up with a head first throw'''
  
 
When you come together with your opponent, and he has you in a leg hook, then take good care to kick out his right leg with your left. Then grab hold of it with your right hand and lift up. If he holds you thus, then reach around his neck with your right arm and grab hold of his right shoulder, and with your left onto his right arm. If he tries to get away(lat)/counter this, then enter the scales and grab around behind his waist with your left hand. Then straighten yourself and throw him over head first.
 
When you come together with your opponent, and he has you in a leg hook, then take good care to kick out his right leg with your left. Then grab hold of it with your right hand and lift up. If he holds you thus, then reach around his neck with your right arm and grab hold of his right shoulder, and with your left onto his right arm. If he tries to get away(lat)/counter this, then enter the scales and grab around behind his waist with your left hand. Then straighten yourself and throw him over head first.
Line 6,573: Line 6,573:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 046.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 046.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[46] A counter to the previous device'''
+
[46] '''A counter to the previous device'''
  
 
Step forward with your left leg and grab with your right hand in his left arm and with your left hand around his waist. Then enter the scales, and throw him over. If he wants to throw you head first this way, and you stand with your right foot between his both, then put your right hand around his neck into his armpit, and with your left onto his elbow, this way you will put an end to his throwing you. Then make sure to swing him over your right leg.
 
Step forward with your left leg and grab with your right hand in his left arm and with your left hand around his waist. Then enter the scales, and throw him over. If he wants to throw you head first this way, and you stand with your right foot between his both, then put your right hand around his neck into his armpit, and with your left onto his elbow, this way you will put an end to his throwing you. Then make sure to swing him over your right leg.
Line 6,586: Line 6,586:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 047.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 047.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[47] A throw from the leg hook'''
+
[47] '''A throw from the leg hook'''
  
 
Do as follows in this technique: stand with your right foot forward and step with your left foot behind his left heel. Then reach around his waist with your left hand, and grab hold of his armpit, and with your right hand on the outside of his left elbow, and pull him to you. If he has taken hold of you thus way and pulls you towards him, then reach around his neck with your right hand and take hold in his right shoulder, and with your left onto his arm. Then if you strike a leg hook with your right foot around his left, you will swing him round from your right onto your left side.
 
Do as follows in this technique: stand with your right foot forward and step with your left foot behind his left heel. Then reach around his waist with your left hand, and grab hold of his armpit, and with your right hand on the outside of his left elbow, and pull him to you. If he has taken hold of you thus way and pulls you towards him, then reach around his neck with your right hand and take hold in his right shoulder, and with your left onto his arm. Then if you strike a leg hook with your right foot around his left, you will swing him round from your right onto your left side.
Line 6,599: Line 6,599:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 048.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 048.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[48] A counter to the previous leg hook'''
+
[48] '''A counter to the previous leg hook'''
  
 
Do as follows: when you come before your opponent, hook your right leg around his left leg grab hold of his right arm round his neck with your right hand, and with your left inside on his right elbow. If he holds you thus, and is about to throw you over with a leg hook, then put both hands on his neck, that way he must fall backwards, and his leg hook is countered.
 
Do as follows: when you come before your opponent, hook your right leg around his left leg grab hold of his right arm round his neck with your right hand, and with your left inside on his right elbow. If he holds you thus, and is about to throw you over with a leg hook, then put both hands on his neck, that way he must fall backwards, and his leg hook is countered.
Line 6,612: Line 6,612:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 049.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 049.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[49] A throw from the wheel'''
+
[49] '''A throw from the wheel'''
  
 
In this technique you do thus: put your right leg between his both feet, grab with your right arm over his left shoulder. If your opponent has taken hold of you thus, then put your right hand on his neck and pull it down in front. If he tries to avert this with his left hand, then grab hold between his legs with your left hand and turn to your right, that way you will throw him out of the wheel.
 
In this technique you do thus: put your right leg between his both feet, grab with your right arm over his left shoulder. If your opponent has taken hold of you thus, then put your right hand on his neck and pull it down in front. If he tries to avert this with his left hand, then grab hold between his legs with your left hand and turn to your right, that way you will throw him out of the wheel.
Line 6,625: Line 6,625:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 050.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 050.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[50] A throw from the leg hook'''
+
[50] '''A throw from the leg hook'''
  
 
Execute this technique thus: stand with your left leg forward and take hold of his left shoulder with your left hand. If he does so, then put your left arm on his neck, and do as if you were to strike a leg hook with your right leg. Then, thrust your right elbow into his chest, and push him to your right side, as well as hooking his leg, and you will throw him on his back on his right side.
 
Execute this technique thus: stand with your left leg forward and take hold of his left shoulder with your left hand. If he does so, then put your left arm on his neck, and do as if you were to strike a leg hook with your right leg. Then, thrust your right elbow into his chest, and push him to your right side, as well as hooking his leg, and you will throw him on his back on his right side.
Line 6,638: Line 6,638:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 051.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 051.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[51] A throw from the bolt'''
+
[51] '''A throw from the bolt'''
  
 
When you both go together, then do as follows: take a long step with your left leg behind both his legs and grab him with your right hand outside in his left elbow and with your left around his waist. If he holds you thus and pulls you against him, then hook his left leg with your right, and grab around his neck with your right arm and with your left on the inside of his right arm. Then turn around from his right side to your right side, and you will throw him over.
 
When you both go together, then do as follows: take a long step with your left leg behind both his legs and grab him with your right hand outside in his left elbow and with your left around his waist. If he holds you thus and pulls you against him, then hook his left leg with your right, and grab around his neck with your right arm and with your left on the inside of his right arm. Then turn around from his right side to your right side, and you will throw him over.
Line 6,651: Line 6,651:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 052.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 052.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[52] A throw from the scales'''
+
[52] '''A throw from the scales'''
  
 
In this device you do thus: stand with your right foot forward(if you wish to take the first parts). If your opponent stands with his left foot forward and with his right foot in between both your feet, and puts his right arm around your neck in order to wrestle you, then as quickly as possible lower yourself into the scales, and take hold of his left leg with your right hand and with your left reach behind his back around his waist and take hold of his left armpit. Then straighten yourself up our of the scales and throw him backwards over your left leg.
 
In this device you do thus: stand with your right foot forward(if you wish to take the first parts). If your opponent stands with his left foot forward and with his right foot in between both your feet, and puts his right arm around your neck in order to wrestle you, then as quickly as possible lower yourself into the scales, and take hold of his left leg with your right hand and with your left reach behind his back around his waist and take hold of his left armpit. Then straighten yourself up our of the scales and throw him backwards over your left leg.
Line 6,664: Line 6,664:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 053.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 053.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[53] A hip/thigh throw'''
+
[53] '''A hip/thigh throw'''
  
 
When you both go together, do thus: stand with your right foot forward and put your left foot outside his left foot Then, grab hold of his left arm from the outside with your right hand, and with your left around his waist. If your opponent holds you thus, and is about to swing you around, then step back into the scales, and grab with your right hand around his neck and with your left on his right shoulder. If he has taken hold of you thus, and has stepped back into the scales, then let go of your right hand from his left elbow, and put it on his neck and press him down to the ground.
 
When you both go together, do thus: stand with your right foot forward and put your left foot outside his left foot Then, grab hold of his left arm from the outside with your right hand, and with your left around his waist. If your opponent holds you thus, and is about to swing you around, then step back into the scales, and grab with your right hand around his neck and with your left on his right shoulder. If he has taken hold of you thus, and has stepped back into the scales, then let go of your right hand from his left elbow, and put it on his neck and press him down to the ground.
Line 6,677: Line 6,677:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 054.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 054.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[54] A wind in'''*
+
[54] '''A wind in'''*
  
 
Stand with your left left leg forward and grab with your left hand onto his right side. If he grabs you thus, then quickly wind his left hand away with your right hand, so that get around his waist. If he winds your left hand away in this manner, then take hold of his left arm with your right hand. If should do this, then put your left hand from below onto his right arm, pull it close to your chest and swing him from the wheel from your left side to your right, and he will fall.
 
Stand with your left left leg forward and grab with your left hand onto his right side. If he grabs you thus, then quickly wind his left hand away with your right hand, so that get around his waist. If he winds your left hand away in this manner, then take hold of his left arm with your right hand. If should do this, then put your left hand from below onto his right arm, pull it close to your chest and swing him from the wheel from your left side to your right, and he will fall.
Line 6,692: Line 6,692:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 055.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 055.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[55] A throw from the scales'''
+
[55] '''A throw from the scales'''
  
 
Execute this technique in this manner: step forward with your left leg, and grab hold around his neck onto his right shoulder with your right hand, and with your left on the inside of his left arm. If he holds you thus, and is about to throw you over his right leg, then take hold with both hands around his right leg, and enter the scales well below his right arm, so that you push him firmly with your left armpit under his right armpit. Then, put your left leg behind hus right and lift up high, and you will throw him backwards.
 
Execute this technique in this manner: step forward with your left leg, and grab hold around his neck onto his right shoulder with your right hand, and with your left on the inside of his left arm. If he holds you thus, and is about to throw you over his right leg, then take hold with both hands around his right leg, and enter the scales well below his right arm, so that you push him firmly with your left armpit under his right armpit. Then, put your left leg behind hus right and lift up high, and you will throw him backwards.
Line 6,705: Line 6,705:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 056.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 056.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[56] A throw from a neck thrust and a leg hook'''
+
[56] '''A throw from a neck thrust and a leg hook'''
  
 
When you both go together, pay attention to step with your right foot inside his left foot and hook it, so that it faces outwards. Then, put your right arm above on his neck and press down. If he holds you thus and is about press you down, then close your left hand and put it on your left side. Reach through with your left arm under his right, and thrust your elbow hard into his right side. Then grab hold of his genitals below with your right hand, and you will throw him out of the leg hook face forward.
 
When you both go together, pay attention to step with your right foot inside his left foot and hook it, so that it faces outwards. Then, put your right arm above on his neck and press down. If he holds you thus and is about press you down, then close your left hand and put it on your left side. Reach through with your left arm under his right, and thrust your elbow hard into his right side. Then grab hold of his genitals below with your right hand, and you will throw him out of the leg hook face forward.
Line 6,718: Line 6,718:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 057.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 057.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[57] A backwards throw'''
+
[57] '''A backwards throw'''
  
 
Do this throw as described: put your right leg forward and grab hold with your right hand around his neck and onto his right shoulder, and with your left on the inside of his left arm. If he holds you thus, and is about to pull you against him, then quickly bow down into the scales, take hold of his right leg with your right hand, lift it high, and with your left elbow press his chest hard, and you will throw him backwards over your left forward leg.  
 
Do this throw as described: put your right leg forward and grab hold with your right hand around his neck and onto his right shoulder, and with your left on the inside of his left arm. If he holds you thus, and is about to pull you against him, then quickly bow down into the scales, take hold of his right leg with your right hand, lift it high, and with your left elbow press his chest hard, and you will throw him backwards over your left forward leg.  
Line 6,731: Line 6,731:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 058.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 058.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[58] A run-in into a leg hook'''
+
[58] '''A run-in into a leg hook'''
  
 
When you both go together, then do this: stand with your left foot forward and grab hold of him with your left hand over his back and onto his left shoulder, and with your right over his chest to aid your left. Then get down into the scales, and grab and pull him to you. If he pulls you to you thus, then step with your right leg behind his left into a knee hook, grab hold of him with your right hand over his shoulder in his right armpit, and with your left on the outside of his right elbow. Then, swing him face first over your right leg.
 
When you both go together, then do this: stand with your left foot forward and grab hold of him with your left hand over his back and onto his left shoulder, and with your right over his chest to aid your left. Then get down into the scales, and grab and pull him to you. If he pulls you to you thus, then step with your right leg behind his left into a knee hook, grab hold of him with your right hand over his shoulder in his right armpit, and with your left on the outside of his right elbow. Then, swing him face first over your right leg.
Line 6,744: Line 6,744:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 059.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 059.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[59] A close hold wrestling technique'''
+
[59] '''A close hold wrestling technique'''
  
 
Do as described in the following technique: when you both go together, and he stands with his right leg between your feet, then grab with your right hand over his chest and onto his left shoulder, and with your left hand take hold of his left, and pull him to you. Then, put your chin on his right shoulder, press down, and swing him backwards over your left leg.
 
Do as described in the following technique: when you both go together, and he stands with his right leg between your feet, then grab with your right hand over his chest and onto his left shoulder, and with your left hand take hold of his left, and pull him to you. Then, put your chin on his right shoulder, press down, and swing him backwards over your left leg.
Line 6,757: Line 6,757:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 060.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 060.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[60] A leg break'''
+
[60] '''A leg break'''
  
 
In this technique you stand with both feet straight, and grab with both arms from inside onto his chest. If he holds you thus, then wind your arms from outside under his both arms. Then, kick with your right foot as hard as you can on his knee cap, and you will break his leg, or if you rather, then pull him to you and you will throw him over.
 
In this technique you stand with both feet straight, and grab with both arms from inside onto his chest. If he holds you thus, then wind your arms from outside under his both arms. Then, kick with your right foot as hard as you can on his knee cap, and you will break his leg, or if you rather, then pull him to you and you will throw him over.
Line 6,770: Line 6,770:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 061.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 061.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[61] A hand winding with a throw'''
+
[61] '''A hand winding with a throw'''
  
 
when you both go together and you both have taken hold of each others' arms, then strike a leg hook with your right leg around his left and wind your right hand around his neck and take hold of his right shoulder, and with your left hand take hold in his chest. If he has taken hold of you thus and is about to throw you, then hold him behind his waist, that way he mus fall with you. If he falls with you as mentioned, then put your left and on the front his neck and you will unwind yourself from him.
 
when you both go together and you both have taken hold of each others' arms, then strike a leg hook with your right leg around his left and wind your right hand around his neck and take hold of his right shoulder, and with your left hand take hold in his chest. If he has taken hold of you thus and is about to throw you, then hold him behind his waist, that way he mus fall with you. If he falls with you as mentioned, then put your left and on the front his neck and you will unwind yourself from him.
Line 6,783: Line 6,783:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 062.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 062.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[62] A hand break'''
+
[62] '''A hand break'''
  
 
Do as described in this device: when you both go together, remember to stand with your left foot forward, and if he then is standing in front of you with open hands, then take hold with right hand onto his right thumb, and with your left hand behind his right hand, that way you will break it. Then take a good step with your right leg on his left side and with your left hand well around his waist, and you will throw him over your left hip.
 
Do as described in this device: when you both go together, remember to stand with your left foot forward, and if he then is standing in front of you with open hands, then take hold with right hand onto his right thumb, and with your left hand behind his right hand, that way you will break it. Then take a good step with your right leg on his left side and with your left hand well around his waist, and you will throw him over your left hip.
Line 6,796: Line 6,796:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 063.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 063.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[63] A hand winding with an armbreak'''
+
[63] '''A hand winding with an armbreak'''
  
 
When you go together then do thus: take hold of his left shoulder with your with your right hand and with your left on his right armpit. If he holds you thus, then wind out your right arm over his left from the inside behind his left elbow and with your left arm from the outside over his right, and lift up firmly and pull towards you, this way you may break both his arms. If it doesn't succeed, then strike him on the left leg with your right leg and he will fall.
 
When you go together then do thus: take hold of his left shoulder with your with your right hand and with your left on his right armpit. If he holds you thus, then wind out your right arm over his left from the inside behind his left elbow and with your left arm from the outside over his right, and lift up firmly and pull towards you, this way you may break both his arms. If it doesn't succeed, then strike him on the left leg with your right leg and he will fall.
Line 6,809: Line 6,809:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 064.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 064.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[64] A backwards throw with a leg hook'''
+
[64] '''A backwards throw with a leg hook'''
  
 
When you step up in front of your opponent then do as follows: step forward with your left leg and reach with your left hand behind over his back and grab onto his left armpit, and with your right over his chest onto his left arm. If he holds you thus and in order to pull you toward him, then strike a leg hook with your with right leg around his left, and reach with your right arm around his neck and take hold of his right side, and your left hand on the outside of his right elbow. Then swing him over your right hip, and you will throw him forward.
 
When you step up in front of your opponent then do as follows: step forward with your left leg and reach with your left hand behind over his back and grab onto his left armpit, and with your right over his chest onto his left arm. If he holds you thus and in order to pull you toward him, then strike a leg hook with your with right leg around his left, and reach with your right arm around his neck and take hold of his right side, and your left hand on the outside of his right elbow. Then swing him over your right hip, and you will throw him forward.
Line 6,822: Line 6,822:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 065.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 065.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[65] A throw from a waist hold (diagonal)'''
+
[65] '''A throw from a waist hold (diagonal)'''
  
 
Do as follows in this device: step forward with your left foot and stoop down under his right armpit with your head. Then take hold with your left hand in his left armpit and with your right on his left arm. If he holds you thus, then take hold of his right leg with your left hand and lift up high. Then step with your right leg behind his left and reach around his neck with your right arm, and you will throw him out of the said waist hold on your right side.
 
Do as follows in this device: step forward with your left foot and stoop down under his right armpit with your head. Then take hold with your left hand in his left armpit and with your right on his left arm. If he holds you thus, then take hold of his right leg with your left hand and lift up high. Then step with your right leg behind his left and reach around his neck with your right arm, and you will throw him out of the said waist hold on your right side.
Line 6,835: Line 6,835:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 066.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 066.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[66] A way of turning the opponent along with a throw over the left hip'''
+
[66] '''A way of turning the opponent along with a throw over the left hip'''
  
 
When you stand in front of your opponent do as follows: if he steps with his right leg on your left and tries to take hold of your left armpit with his right hand, and with his left on your right hip, then reach over his both arms and grab hold of his left arm with your left hand,  with your right grab him by his left armpit, and pull him onto you. Then, press down hard on your chest and put your left hip on his left, that way you will turn him round and throw him over from your left and to your right side.
 
When you stand in front of your opponent do as follows: if he steps with his right leg on your left and tries to take hold of your left armpit with his right hand, and with his left on your right hip, then reach over his both arms and grab hold of his left arm with your left hand,  with your right grab him by his left armpit, and pull him onto you. Then, press down hard on your chest and put your left hip on his left, that way you will turn him round and throw him over from your left and to your right side.
Line 6,848: Line 6,848:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 067.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 067.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[67] A throw from the scales'''
+
[67] '''A throw from the scales'''
  
 
When you face your opponent do as follows in this device: step with your left leg between his both feet, and bend down into the scales, and grab with your right hand reach between his legs and onto his crotch, and with your left around behind his waist to aid your right, and lift him up. If your opponent lifts you thus and lifts you up, then reach around over his neck with your right arm and take hold of his right shoulder, and with your left on the inside of his right arm. Then lift your right leg up high and kick him with your knee inside of his left knee, and he must fall.
 
When you face your opponent do as follows in this device: step with your left leg between his both feet, and bend down into the scales, and grab with your right hand reach between his legs and onto his crotch, and with your left around behind his waist to aid your right, and lift him up. If your opponent lifts you thus and lifts you up, then reach around over his neck with your right arm and take hold of his right shoulder, and with your left on the inside of his right arm. Then lift your right leg up high and kick him with your knee inside of his left knee, and he must fall.
Line 6,861: Line 6,861:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 068.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 068.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[68] A throw from the upper weak point'''
+
[68] '''A throw from the upper weak point'''
  
 
When you both go together then do this way in this device: take a long step forward with your left leg behind his both feet, and bend down into the scales. Then, grab him with both arms in his right shoulder and pull down. If your opponent on the other hand holds you thus and is pulling you down, then reach with both arms above around his waist, and hold his arm head together under his right armpit. Then strike a leg hook with your right leg around his left and you will throw him down from the upper weak point.
 
When you both go together then do this way in this device: take a long step forward with your left leg behind his both feet, and bend down into the scales. Then, grab him with both arms in his right shoulder and pull down. If your opponent on the other hand holds you thus and is pulling you down, then reach with both arms above around his waist, and hold his arm head together under his right armpit. Then strike a leg hook with your right leg around his left and you will throw him down from the upper weak point.
Line 6,874: Line 6,874:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 069.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 069.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[69] A throw from the short hip'''*
+
[69] '''A throw from the short hip'''*
  
 
Do as follows in this device/lat. If you want to be a strenuous fighter, then do as follows in this device: step forward with your left leg in front of his left leg and enter the scales, stooping with your head under his right armpit. Then, reach with your hand over his waist and take hold inside on his left armpit, and pull him to you. If he holds you this way, and pulls you towards him, then reach around over his neck with your right arm on his right side, and with your left on the outside of his right elbow. Then, swing him from the short hip over your right leg.
 
Do as follows in this device/lat. If you want to be a strenuous fighter, then do as follows in this device: step forward with your left leg in front of his left leg and enter the scales, stooping with your head under his right armpit. Then, reach with your hand over his waist and take hold inside on his left armpit, and pull him to you. If he holds you this way, and pulls you towards him, then reach around over his neck with your right arm on his right side, and with your left on the outside of his right elbow. Then, swing him from the short hip over your right leg.
Line 6,889: Line 6,889:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 070.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 070.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[70] A throw from the high/upper hip'''
+
[70] '''A throw from the high/upper hip'''
  
 
Do as follows in this device: when you enter in front of your opponent, and you wish to strike a leg hook on him, but he stands with his feet too wide apart, then step with both feet further in front of him. If he steps up towards you thus, then reach behind his back and grab him around his waist with your left arm and with your right hand onto his left shoulder. If he holds you thus, and is about to turn you over, then reach with your right arm over his shoulder and into his right armpit and hold him tightly with your left hand on the outside of his right elbow. Then bend down well, and swing him around from the high hip over your right leg before you.
 
Do as follows in this device: when you enter in front of your opponent, and you wish to strike a leg hook on him, but he stands with his feet too wide apart, then step with both feet further in front of him. If he steps up towards you thus, then reach behind his back and grab him around his waist with your left arm and with your right hand onto his left shoulder. If he holds you thus, and is about to turn you over, then reach with your right arm over his shoulder and into his right armpit and hold him tightly with your left hand on the outside of his right elbow. Then bend down well, and swing him around from the high hip over your right leg before you.
Line 6,902: Line 6,902:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 071.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 071.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[71] A throw from the struck out hip'''*
+
[71] '''A throw from the struck out hip'''*
  
 
Do as follows in this device: when you enter in front of your opponent, then take a long step forward with your left foot, and with your right hand grab his left armpit, and with your left reach our behind his back and around his waist to support your right, and pull him to you. If he has you in this grip, and pulls you to him, then grab hold with your left hand in his left leg and lift it up high, and with your right hand reach around his neck and take hold of his right shoulder and pull him onto your right hip. Then, straighten yourself up again, and you may either carry him away or throw him over.
 
Do as follows in this device: when you enter in front of your opponent, then take a long step forward with your left foot, and with your right hand grab his left armpit, and with your left reach our behind his back and around his waist to support your right, and pull him to you. If he has you in this grip, and pulls you to him, then grab hold with your left hand in his left leg and lift it up high, and with your right hand reach around his neck and take hold of his right shoulder and pull him onto your right hip. Then, straighten yourself up again, and you may either carry him away or throw him over.
Line 6,917: Line 6,917:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 072.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 072.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[72] A throw from the upper and lower weak point'''
+
[72] '''A throw from the upper and lower weak point'''
  
 
Do as follows: when you both come together, should he step forward with his left leg, so that you stand with both feet between his, and he is about to grab your left shoulder with his left hand, then put your left hand on top of his left arm, that way his grip will be to no use. Then, put it (ie. your left hand) on his neck and with your right grab hold of his left foot, this way he is weakened both above and below. Then push him down hard with your upper grip, and lift up with your lower grip and you will throw him on your left side.
 
Do as follows: when you both come together, should he step forward with his left leg, so that you stand with both feet between his, and he is about to grab your left shoulder with his left hand, then put your left hand on top of his left arm, that way his grip will be to no use. Then, put it (ie. your left hand) on his neck and with your right grab hold of his left foot, this way he is weakened both above and below. Then push him down hard with your upper grip, and lift up with your lower grip and you will throw him on your left side.
Line 6,930: Line 6,930:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 073.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 073.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[73] An elbow strike to the back along with a throw'''
+
[73] '''An elbow strike to the back along with a throw'''
  
 
When you both go together do as follows in this device: if your opponent tries to grab your right side with his right hand and with his left around your waist, then grab his right elbow your with your left hand and pull it to your chest, that way he will bend down. Then push your right elbow on the upper part of his back, and you will press him down to the ground.
 
When you both go together do as follows in this device: if your opponent tries to grab your right side with his right hand and with his left around your waist, then grab his right elbow your with your left hand and pull it to your chest, that way he will bend down. Then push your right elbow on the upper part of his back, and you will press him down to the ground.
Line 6,943: Line 6,943:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 074.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 074.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[74] A backwards throw'''
+
[74] '''A backwards throw'''
  
 
Execute this device as follows: If he runs his head in under your right arm and holds you with his right hand inside in your left arm and with his left between your legs, then grab with your right hand from behind in his left armpit, and with your left in his right arm. Then lift his left leg with your right leg, and pull him over your right hip and you will throw him over.
 
Execute this device as follows: If he runs his head in under your right arm and holds you with his right hand inside in your left arm and with his left between your legs, then grab with your right hand from behind in his left armpit, and with your left in his right arm. Then lift his left leg with your right leg, and pull him over your right hip and you will throw him over.
Line 6,956: Line 6,956:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 075.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 075.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[75] A throw from the blocked leg hook'''
+
[75] '''A throw from the blocked leg hook'''
  
 
Step forward with your left foot and grab him on the outside of his left elbow with your right hand, and with your left on his upper right arm. If he holds you this way(ger. and is about to pull you to him), then reach with your right hand under his left armpit and grab hold onto his leather collar, and with your left onto his right arm. Then strike a leg hook with your right leg from the inside of his left leg and pull him to you with your right hand, and with your left hand push him away from you, and he will fall on his back.
 
Step forward with your left foot and grab him on the outside of his left elbow with your right hand, and with your left on his upper right arm. If he holds you this way(ger. and is about to pull you to him), then reach with your right hand under his left armpit and grab hold onto his leather collar, and with your left onto his right arm. Then strike a leg hook with your right leg from the inside of his left leg and pull him to you with your right hand, and with your left hand push him away from you, and he will fall on his back.
Line 6,969: Line 6,969:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 076.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 076.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[76] A leg break with a throw'''
+
[76] '''A leg break with a throw'''
  
 
When you both go together then step with your left leg inside his right and grab hold on the outside of his upper left arm, and with reach with your left around his waist.If he holds you thus and is about to pull you in, then grab with your left hand inside his right arm and reach with your right behind his back  around his waist and onto his right side. Then kick his right shin with your right foot as hard as you can and you will break it. Then, pull him to you, and you will throw him over.
 
When you both go together then step with your left leg inside his right and grab hold on the outside of his upper left arm, and with reach with your left around his waist.If he holds you thus and is about to pull you in, then grab with your left hand inside his right arm and reach with your right behind his back  around his waist and onto his right side. Then kick his right shin with your right foot as hard as you can and you will break it. Then, pull him to you, and you will throw him over.
Line 6,982: Line 6,982:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 077.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 077.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[77] A throw from the waist'''
+
[77] '''A throw from the waist'''
  
 
Do as follows: If your opponent stands with both legs together, and has taken hold of your left arm with his right hand, and with his left over your right arm in your right armpit, then take hold with your left hand in his right shoulder and pull him to you. Then reach with your left arm under his left armpit and grab hold of his waist and turn from your left to your right side, and you will throw him over the short hip or the waist.
 
Do as follows: If your opponent stands with both legs together, and has taken hold of your left arm with his right hand, and with his left over your right arm in your right armpit, then take hold with your left hand in his right shoulder and pull him to you. Then reach with your left arm under his left armpit and grab hold of his waist and turn from your left to your right side, and you will throw him over the short hip or the waist.
Line 6,995: Line 6,995:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 078.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 078.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[78] A carry off with a lock hold'''
+
[78] '''A carry off with a lock hold'''
  
 
In this device you do thus: if your opponent stands with his feet together then step forward with your right foot, and bend down into the scales. If he then tries to grab you around your neck with his right had then grab with your right hand onto right leg and with your left take hold of his right arm by your neck, and pull it over your left shoulder and onto your chest. Then reach out with your right hand under his right leg and take hold of his right hand, and stand up, and you have him locked in and can carry him wherever your want.
 
In this device you do thus: if your opponent stands with his feet together then step forward with your right foot, and bend down into the scales. If he then tries to grab you around your neck with his right had then grab with your right hand onto right leg and with your left take hold of his right arm by your neck, and pull it over your left shoulder and onto your chest. Then reach out with your right hand under his right leg and take hold of his right hand, and stand up, and you have him locked in and can carry him wherever your want.
Line 7,008: Line 7,008:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 079.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 079.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[79] A throw from the upper weak point'''
+
[79] '''A throw from the upper weak point'''
  
 
Do this technique as follows: when you both go together, then step with your left leg outside his right and step down into the scales. Then, take hold with your left around his waist with support of your right hand, and put your left armpit under his right. If your opponent holds you thus and is about to throw you, then take hold of his leather collar with your right hand, and with your left in his right armpit. Then strike a knee hook with your right leg around his left and swing him over from your right side to your left over your right leg.
 
Do this technique as follows: when you both go together, then step with your left leg outside his right and step down into the scales. Then, take hold with your left around his waist with support of your right hand, and put your left armpit under his right. If your opponent holds you thus and is about to throw you, then take hold of his leather collar with your right hand, and with your left in his right armpit. Then strike a knee hook with your right leg around his left and swing him over from your right side to your left over your right leg.
Line 7,021: Line 7,021:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 080.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 080.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[80] An armbreak with a throw'''
+
[80] '''An armbreak with a throw'''
  
 
When you go together do as described: step with your left leg on the outside behind his right, and take hold with your left hand from below on his right side. If he should grab you thus, then take quickly take hold with your left hand in his left hand, and pull it onto your chest. After that, you reach over his left arm with your right arm and take hold of his shoulder, and reach under it with your right to support your left. Then press down hard with your armpit and you will break his arm, and furthermore if you then swing him from your right hip over your right leg, he will fall over.
 
When you go together do as described: step with your left leg on the outside behind his right, and take hold with your left hand from below on his right side. If he should grab you thus, then take quickly take hold with your left hand in his left hand, and pull it onto your chest. After that, you reach over his left arm with your right arm and take hold of his shoulder, and reach under it with your right to support your left. Then press down hard with your armpit and you will break his arm, and furthermore if you then swing him from your right hip over your right leg, he will fall over.
Line 7,034: Line 7,034:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 081.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 081.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[81] A throw from the tongs'''
+
[81] '''A throw from the tongs'''
  
 
When you face your opponent in this device, do thus: step with your left leg outside his right. If he then stands with his right foot forward and grabs you by the crotch, then swiftly take hold of his left hand with your right and pull him towards you, and with your left hand grab him by his left elbow. If he holds you this way, and pulls you close, then grab hold with your right hand on his left shoulder and onto his collar. If he holds you thus then let go with your left hand from his left elbow, and put it on his neck, that way you will throw him from the tongs over your left leg.
 
When you face your opponent in this device, do thus: step with your left leg outside his right. If he then stands with his right foot forward and grabs you by the crotch, then swiftly take hold of his left hand with your right and pull him towards you, and with your left hand grab him by his left elbow. If he holds you this way, and pulls you close, then grab hold with your right hand on his left shoulder and onto his collar. If he holds you thus then let go with your left hand from his left elbow, and put it on his neck, that way you will throw him from the tongs over your left leg.
Line 7,047: Line 7,047:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 082.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 082.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[82] A toppling from the tongs'''
+
[82] '''A toppling from the tongs'''
  
 
In this device you do as follows: stoop down into the scales, so that your right leg comes forward, and if he then stands upright, with his right leg forward when you stand in the scales, then reach out and with your left hand over his chest and and grab hold of his left side. If he does this to you, then quickly grab on to his left hand and pull him to you, put your right hand on his head and push down. Further, if he does this to you, then take hold of with your right arm behind both his knees, and push with your upper grip hard, on your left side and with your lower grip lift up high and you will topple him over from the tong hold.
 
In this device you do as follows: stoop down into the scales, so that your right leg comes forward, and if he then stands upright, with his right leg forward when you stand in the scales, then reach out and with your left hand over his chest and and grab hold of his left side. If he does this to you, then quickly grab on to his left hand and pull him to you, put your right hand on his head and push down. Further, if he does this to you, then take hold of with your right arm behind both his knees, and push with your upper grip hard, on your left side and with your lower grip lift up high and you will topple him over from the tong hold.
Line 7,060: Line 7,060:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 083.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 083.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[83] A throw from the open tong hold'''
+
[83] '''A throw from the open tong hold'''
  
 
When you go together, then do as follows: step with your left leg outside behind his right and put your left hand on his right shoulder near by his neck. If he holds you thus, then reach over his left hand with both your arms and pull it to your chest, so that he must bend down. If he is pressing you down so that you enters the scales, then reach through behind his right leg and grab hold of his left kneecap and pull it to you, and at the same time push away from you with the upper grip, then you will throw him backwards away from you.
 
When you go together, then do as follows: step with your left leg outside behind his right and put your left hand on his right shoulder near by his neck. If he holds you thus, then reach over his left hand with both your arms and pull it to your chest, so that he must bend down. If he is pressing you down so that you enters the scales, then reach through behind his right leg and grab hold of his left kneecap and pull it to you, and at the same time push away from you with the upper grip, then you will throw him backwards away from you.
Line 7,073: Line 7,073:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 084.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 084.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[84] A tong hold throw from the scales'''
+
[84] '''A tong hold throw from the scales'''
  
 
When you face your opponent in this device, then do as described here below: enter the scales so that you stand with your left leg behind his right. Then quickly, grab hold of his left leg with your right hand, and put your head on his chest. If he uses this on you, then put both your hands on his head and push down. If he pushes you down this way with both hands on your head, then put your right hand on his face and push it away from you and with your lower hand pull towards you, and you will throw him on his back with the tong hold.
 
When you face your opponent in this device, then do as described here below: enter the scales so that you stand with your left leg behind his right. Then quickly, grab hold of his left leg with your right hand, and put your head on his chest. If he uses this on you, then put both your hands on his head and push down. If he pushes you down this way with both hands on your head, then put your right hand on his face and push it away from you and with your lower hand pull towards you, and you will throw him on his back with the tong hold.
Line 7,086: Line 7,086:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 085.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 085.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[85] An armlock'''
+
[85] '''An armlock'''
  
 
Do thus in this device: step forward with your right foot and grab hold of his genitals with your right hand and with your left onto his chest. If he holds you this way with both hands then take hold with your left hand underneath on his right arm and with your right on the outside of his left and bend them over each other. Then step with your right leg on his right side and swing him over your right side to the ground.
 
Do thus in this device: step forward with your right foot and grab hold of his genitals with your right hand and with your left onto his chest. If he holds you this way with both hands then take hold with your left hand underneath on his right arm and with your right on the outside of his left and bend them over each other. Then step with your right leg on his right side and swing him over your right side to the ground.
Line 7,099: Line 7,099:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 086.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 086.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[86] A throw from the upper tong hold'''
+
[86] '''A throw from the upper tong hold'''
  
 
When you go both go together, then do as follows: step forward with your right leg behind his left. If he then stands with left foot forward and takes hold of your right side with his left hand and with his right behind around your waist, then grab him with your right hand in his right armpit and with your left onto his shoulder by his neck. Then pull him to your right side and throw him by the tong hold over your forward leg.
 
When you go both go together, then do as follows: step forward with your right leg behind his left. If he then stands with left foot forward and takes hold of your right side with his left hand and with his right behind around your waist, then grab him with your right hand in his right armpit and with your left onto his shoulder by his neck. Then pull him to your right side and throw him by the tong hold over your forward leg.
Line 7,112: Line 7,112:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 087.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 087.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[87] A throw over the high hip'''
+
[87] '''A throw over the high hip'''
  
 
Facing your opponent, step forward with your left foot and reach around his waist with your left hand and grab hold of his right armpit. If he holds you thus, then put your right hand on his left shoulder and reach with your left over his chest and and grab onto his right armpit. If he then reaches over your right arm and grabs onto your left shoulder in order to resist your throw, then put your left hip firmly onto his left hip and then swing him onto your right side and you will throw him by the high hip.
 
Facing your opponent, step forward with your left foot and reach around his waist with your left hand and grab hold of his right armpit. If he holds you thus, then put your right hand on his left shoulder and reach with your left over his chest and and grab onto his right armpit. If he then reaches over your right arm and grabs onto your left shoulder in order to resist your throw, then put your left hip firmly onto his left hip and then swing him onto your right side and you will throw him by the high hip.
Line 7,125: Line 7,125:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 088.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 088.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[88] Strengthening the weakness'''
+
[88] '''Strengthening the weakness'''
  
 
In this device you do as follows: put your left leg forward, and put your left hand on his right shoulder, your left hand on his left side. If he holds you thus, then quickly step down into the scales, and take hold of his left arm with your right hand, and push it upwards, and with your left hand inside on the back of his left knee. If he does this to you, then quickly pull back your left leg and put your right hand on his left arm, and push down. If he pushes you down thus, then put your head into his left armpit, and push him away from you, that way he will fall on his back.
 
In this device you do as follows: put your left leg forward, and put your left hand on his right shoulder, your left hand on his left side. If he holds you thus, then quickly step down into the scales, and take hold of his left arm with your right hand, and push it upwards, and with your left hand inside on the back of his left knee. If he does this to you, then quickly pull back your left leg and put your right hand on his left arm, and push down. If he pushes you down thus, then put your head into his left armpit, and push him away from you, that way he will fall on his back.
Line 7,138: Line 7,138:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 089.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 089.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[89] A throw from the upper weak point'''
+
[89] '''A throw from the upper weak point'''
  
 
Facing your opponent do as follows: step with your left leg outside behind his right and take hold of from the outside onto his right shoulder with your left hand and with your right hand onto his left arm. If he holds you thus, then reach behind is back with your left arm and around his waist, and put your right on the right side of his neck. Then, quickly stoop down on your left knee, and he is totally weakened and you will thereby throw him down to the ground.
 
Facing your opponent do as follows: step with your left leg outside behind his right and take hold of from the outside onto his right shoulder with your left hand and with your right hand onto his left arm. If he holds you thus, then reach behind is back with your left arm and around his waist, and put your right on the right side of his neck. Then, quickly stoop down on your left knee, and he is totally weakened and you will thereby throw him down to the ground.
Line 7,151: Line 7,151:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 090.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 090.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[90] A throw from the middle weak point'''
+
[90] '''A throw from the middle weak point'''
  
 
When you go together you and your opponent, should he stand with his right foot forward, and takes hold of your left arm with his left hand, then wind it free again, and reach around his waist with your left hand and grab hold of his right hip, and with your right hand take hold of his left leg. Lift it up high, and you will throw him face first over the hip.
 
When you go together you and your opponent, should he stand with his right foot forward, and takes hold of your left arm with his left hand, then wind it free again, and reach around his waist with your left hand and grab hold of his right hip, and with your right hand take hold of his left leg. Lift it up high, and you will throw him face first over the hip.
Line 7,164: Line 7,164:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 091.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 091.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[91] A throw from the middle and lower weak points'''
+
[91] '''A throw from the middle and lower weak points'''
  
 
Step with left leg between his both feet, and grab with your left hand around his neck and pull him onto you. If he holds you this way and pulls you onto him, then grab hold with your right hand in front around his waist, and with your left hand well below in his left leg. Then, quickly fall down on your left knee, push away with your upper grip, and lift up with your lower grip and he totally weakened and you will throw him backwards over your right leg.
 
Step with left leg between his both feet, and grab with your left hand around his neck and pull him onto you. If he holds you this way and pulls you onto him, then grab hold with your right hand in front around his waist, and with your left hand well below in his left leg. Then, quickly fall down on your left knee, push away with your upper grip, and lift up with your lower grip and he totally weakened and you will throw him backwards over your right leg.
Line 7,177: Line 7,177:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 092.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 092.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[92] A throw from a run-in'''
+
[92] '''A throw from a run-in'''
  
 
When you go together with your opponent do thus: stoop down into the scales before him, and if he then runs in on you so that he stands upright with his feet together, then quickly shoot in and put your head in his crotch. Then, grab hold around his legs with both hands together, lift up and he will fall straight backwards.
 
When you go together with your opponent do thus: stoop down into the scales before him, and if he then runs in on you so that he stands upright with his feet together, then quickly shoot in and put your head in his crotch. Then, grab hold around his legs with both hands together, lift up and he will fall straight backwards.
Line 7,190: Line 7,190:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 093.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 093.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[93] A throw with an arm-twist'''
+
[93] '''A throw with an arm-twist'''
  
 
Do as follows: step with your right foot outside behind your opponent's right, and grab hold with your right hand onto his left leg near his genitals, and with your left in his left arm. If your opponent holds you thus, ie with his right hand on your left leg near your genitals and his left on your left arm, then wind loose your left hand and put it on his neck., then strike a leg hook with your right foot around his right and push away from you with your upper hand, pull back with your leg hook, and lift up with your lower hand on his genitals, and you will throw him over.
 
Do as follows: step with your right foot outside behind your opponent's right, and grab hold with your right hand onto his left leg near his genitals, and with your left in his left arm. If your opponent holds you thus, ie with his right hand on your left leg near your genitals and his left on your left arm, then wind loose your left hand and put it on his neck., then strike a leg hook with your right foot around his right and push away from you with your upper hand, pull back with your leg hook, and lift up with your lower hand on his genitals, and you will throw him over.
Line 7,203: Line 7,203:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 094.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 094.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[94] A press down'''
+
[94] '''A press down'''
  
 
Step with your right foot towards your opponent. If he then stands in the scales, and is about to put his on your chest, then take good care to press together with both arms over his both arms near his chest. Then put your chest on his head and push down, pull your right leg back and pull him forward and he will fall on his face.
 
Step with your right foot towards your opponent. If he then stands in the scales, and is about to put his on your chest, then take good care to press together with both arms over his both arms near his chest. Then put your chest on his head and push down, pull your right leg back and pull him forward and he will fall on his face.
Line 7,216: Line 7,216:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 095.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 095.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[95] A throw from the tong hold with the upper weak point'''
+
[95] '''A throw from the tong hold with the upper weak point'''
  
 
When you go together in this device do thus: step with your right leg inside his left and grab with your right hand around his waist, and with your left onto his right arm. If he holds you thus and is about to throw you, then put your left foot backwards between his both as hard as you can, and grab with your right hand below onto his genitals, and put your left on his neck right under his chin. Then, lift up with your lower grip, and with your upper hand push down onto your left side, and you will throw him backwards over your left leg.
 
When you go together in this device do thus: step with your right leg inside his left and grab with your right hand around his waist, and with your left onto his right arm. If he holds you thus and is about to throw you, then put your left foot backwards between his both as hard as you can, and grab with your right hand below onto his genitals, and put your left on his neck right under his chin. Then, lift up with your lower grip, and with your upper hand push down onto your left side, and you will throw him backwards over your left leg.
Line 7,229: Line 7,229:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 096.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 096.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[96] A drive-down'''*
+
[96] '''A drive-down'''*
  
 
Do as follows in this device: step with your left foot between his both feet, and reach around with both hands around his waist from behind, lift him up and drive him down hard. If he holds you thus and is about to drive you down, then grab around his neck with both arms and pull it over your shoulder. If he tries to do the same, then kick your right knee in the back of his right knee, this way hie will not be able to hold his balance, and you will throw him to the ground.
 
Do as follows in this device: step with your left foot between his both feet, and reach around with both hands around his waist from behind, lift him up and drive him down hard. If he holds you thus and is about to drive you down, then grab around his neck with both arms and pull it over your shoulder. If he tries to do the same, then kick your right knee in the back of his right knee, this way hie will not be able to hold his balance, and you will throw him to the ground.
Line 7,245: Line 7,245:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 097.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 097.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[97] A throw from the lifting of the opponent'''
+
[97] '''A throw from the lifting of the opponent'''
  
 
When you both go together execute this device as follows: step forward with your left leg and take hold with both arms around his waist, and pull him to you. If he holds you the same way, then take hold with both hands around his neck and pull his head over your chest. If he on the other hand has you in the same grip, then let go of your right hand from his waist and put it on his left elbow, and strike a leg hook around his right with your left. Then, push away from you with your upper grip and you will throw him on your left side.
 
When you both go together execute this device as follows: step forward with your left leg and take hold with both arms around his waist, and pull him to you. If he holds you the same way, then take hold with both hands around his neck and pull his head over your chest. If he on the other hand has you in the same grip, then let go of your right hand from his waist and put it on his left elbow, and strike a leg hook around his right with your left. Then, push away from you with your upper grip and you will throw him on your left side.
Line 7,258: Line 7,258:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 098.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 098.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[98] A throw from the strong'''*
+
[98] '''A throw from the strong'''*
  
 
Do as follows in this technique: step with your right foot in front of his right foot and ger. stoop down into the strong/lat. stoop down into the above mentioned technique, where you step forcefully towards your opponent. Put your head on his genitals, and take hold around his left leg with both hands. If he then grabs you with his left hand in your right arm and his right on your genitals in order to defend himself, then thrust with and your head and the rest of your body forcefully into his groin and pull his left leg with both hands against you, and he will fall backwards.
 
Do as follows in this technique: step with your right foot in front of his right foot and ger. stoop down into the strong/lat. stoop down into the above mentioned technique, where you step forcefully towards your opponent. Put your head on his genitals, and take hold around his left leg with both hands. If he then grabs you with his left hand in your right arm and his right on your genitals in order to defend himself, then thrust with and your head and the rest of your body forcefully into his groin and pull his left leg with both hands against you, and he will fall backwards.
Line 7,273: Line 7,273:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 099.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 099.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[99] A carry-off with a throw'''
+
[99] '''A carry-off with a throw'''
  
 
Do as follows in the device described here below: stand with both feet erect facing him and put your left side out against him. Then grab with your left hand around his waist and onto his left armpit. If he holds you thus, then step down into the scales with your body against his waist, and reach around his both legs with your hands. Then, if you straighten up you might throw him or carry him away. If he holds you this way and is about to throw you, then grab hold of is hair with your right hand, that way you will not fall.
 
Do as follows in the device described here below: stand with both feet erect facing him and put your left side out against him. Then grab with your left hand around his waist and onto his left armpit. If he holds you thus, then step down into the scales with your body against his waist, and reach around his both legs with your hands. Then, if you straighten up you might throw him or carry him away. If he holds you this way and is about to throw you, then grab hold of is hair with your right hand, that way you will not fall.
Line 7,286: Line 7,286:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 100.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 100.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[100] A throw over the shoulder'''
+
[100] '''A throw over the shoulder'''
  
 
When you step together, and your opponent grabs you with his left hand in your left side, then swiftly grab hold of his left hand with your right hand, and pull it over your right shoulder. Then, turn around go with your head under his left arm and take hold with your left hand in his right leg. Then lift up, and you may throw him over your right shoulder or carry him away.
 
When you step together, and your opponent grabs you with his left hand in your left side, then swiftly grab hold of his left hand with your right hand, and pull it over your right shoulder. Then, turn around go with your head under his left arm and take hold with your left hand in his right leg. Then lift up, and you may throw him over your right shoulder or carry him away.
Line 7,299: Line 7,299:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 101.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 101.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[101] A throat throw'''
+
[101] '''A throat throw'''
  
 
When you step in front of your opponent, take a good step with your right foot in front of his right foot, put your right hand onto his throat, and your left  on his right side, that way you may throw him over your forward leg. If your opponent is about to throw you this way, then take hold of his left wrist with your right hand and with put your left on his chest. Then, step with your left foot onto the back of his left knee, and you will weaken him thereby, and throw him over your right leg.
 
When you step in front of your opponent, take a good step with your right foot in front of his right foot, put your right hand onto his throat, and your left  on his right side, that way you may throw him over your forward leg. If your opponent is about to throw you this way, then take hold of his left wrist with your right hand and with put your left on his chest. Then, step with your left foot onto the back of his left knee, and you will weaken him thereby, and throw him over your right leg.
Line 7,312: Line 7,312:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 102.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 102.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[102] A go-behind'''*
+
[102] '''A go-behind'''*
  
 
When you face your opponent, stand with your right foot forward and take hold of his right hand with your own right hand. Then deceitfully step with your left foot behind him so that your back is against his back, take hold in his right armpit with your left hand. If he on the other hand steps so slyly behind you and has taken hold of you thus, then quickly stoop down and put your head in his waist. Then, grab with your left hand onto his right leg and lift up, and push your body hard onto his back, straighten yourself up, and you may throw him or carry him away.
 
When you face your opponent, stand with your right foot forward and take hold of his right hand with your own right hand. Then deceitfully step with your left foot behind him so that your back is against his back, take hold in his right armpit with your left hand. If he on the other hand steps so slyly behind you and has taken hold of you thus, then quickly stoop down and put your head in his waist. Then, grab with your left hand onto his right leg and lift up, and push your body hard onto his back, straighten yourself up, and you may throw him or carry him away.
Line 7,327: Line 7,327:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 103.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 103.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[103] A head first topple'''<ref>A technique for putting the opponent down head first with his feet in the air.</ref>
+
[103] '''A head first topple'''<ref>A technique for putting the opponent down head first with his feet in the air.</ref>
  
 
When you come before the opponent then make sure to grab hold with your left hand in the back of his neck in his collar or in the jacket he is wearing. Then stoop down stretch the arm away from you so that he cannot take hold around you, and when he then tries to get away from you, then push him with above mentioned arm as if you were to throw him on his face. When he then extends his arms towards the ground in order to take the fall, do not let go of his collar but hold him firmly. Then reach through between his both legs with your right hand and take hold of his right hand and swing him over one foot, and you will topple him over head first.
 
When you come before the opponent then make sure to grab hold with your left hand in the back of his neck in his collar or in the jacket he is wearing. Then stoop down stretch the arm away from you so that he cannot take hold around you, and when he then tries to get away from you, then push him with above mentioned arm as if you were to throw him on his face. When he then extends his arms towards the ground in order to take the fall, do not let go of his collar but hold him firmly. Then reach through between his both legs with your right hand and take hold of his right hand and swing him over one foot, and you will topple him over head first.
Line 7,340: Line 7,340:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 104.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 104.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
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'''[104] A carry-off'''
+
[104] '''A carry-off'''
  
 
Do as follows in this technique: if your opponent stands with his right foot forward and grabs you with his right hand in your right side, then, if you want to win this fight, quickly grab hold with your left hand onto his right and lift it up high. Then bend down into the scales, so that his back gets on your left shoulder, and with your right hand grab hold of his lower left leg. Straighten yourself up, and you may either carry him away or throw him away from you.
 
Do as follows in this technique: if your opponent stands with his right foot forward and grabs you with his right hand in your right side, then, if you want to win this fight, quickly grab hold with your left hand onto his right and lift it up high. Then bend down into the scales, so that his back gets on your left shoulder, and with your right hand grab hold of his lower left leg. Straighten yourself up, and you may either carry him away or throw him away from you.
Line 7,353: Line 7,353:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 105.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 105.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[105] How to hold a thrown opponent down'''
+
[105] '''How to hold a thrown opponent down'''
  
 
If your opponent is brought to a fall and you fall with him, then take care to put your left hand on his left shoulder and press down, and with your right hand grab him by the hair. Then put your right knee behind on his back and your left foot over his both legs and press them together firmly. Then pull him up hard by the hair, and he will not be able to get up.
 
If your opponent is brought to a fall and you fall with him, then take care to put your left hand on his left shoulder and press down, and with your right hand grab him by the hair. Then put your right knee behind on his back and your left foot over his both legs and press them together firmly. Then pull him up hard by the hair, and he will not be able to get up.
Line 7,366: Line 7,366:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 106.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 106.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[106] How to pin down a fallen opponent, so that he cannot get up again'''
+
[106] '''How to pin down a fallen opponent, so that he cannot get up again'''
  
 
when you both have fallen down, do thus: grab with your left hand in on the inside of his right elbow, and push it up, and with your right hand forward on his left arm, and stretch them out from each other. If he has taken hold of you this way, and lies chest to chest with you and with both legs between both of yours, then strike out with right foot over his back and with your left over his right, that way he is just as pinned down as you are. However, if you want to get free from him, then knee him in the groin, and he will have to let you go and has no more strength.
 
when you both have fallen down, do thus: grab with your left hand in on the inside of his right elbow, and push it up, and with your right hand forward on his left arm, and stretch them out from each other. If he has taken hold of you this way, and lies chest to chest with you and with both legs between both of yours, then strike out with right foot over his back and with your left over his right, that way he is just as pinned down as you are. However, if you want to get free from him, then knee him in the groin, and he will have to let you go and has no more strength.
Line 7,379: Line 7,379:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 107.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 107.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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'''[107] A Grip From Which A Throw Follows'''
+
[107] '''A Grip From Which A Throw Follows'''
  
 
When you come together to fight then stand with your left foot forward and grab hold of his right arm with your right hand. If your opponent has taken hold of you this way, then step inside with your right foot in front of his left and follow quickly with your left foot and grab hold of the bend of his knee and lift up high, then you will be able to throw him.
 
When you come together to fight then stand with your left foot forward and grab hold of his right arm with your right hand. If your opponent has taken hold of you this way, then step inside with your right foot in front of his left and follow quickly with your left foot and grab hold of the bend of his knee and lift up high, then you will be able to throw him.
Line 7,392: Line 7,392:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 108.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 108.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[108] A Wrestling Device From The Scales'''
+
[108] '''A Wrestling Device From The Scales'''
  
 
Do as follows in this device step forward in side of him with your feet well joined together between both his feet and grab hold with your right arm under his left arm around his waist and with with your left arm above around his neck on the right side. Now pull him up firmly and stoop down into the scales and you will throw him to the ground.
 
Do as follows in this device step forward in side of him with your feet well joined together between both his feet and grab hold with your right arm under his left arm around his waist and with with your left arm above around his neck on the right side. Now pull him up firmly and stoop down into the scales and you will throw him to the ground.
Line 7,405: Line 7,405:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 109.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 109.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[109] A Carry-Off'''
+
[109] '''A Carry-Off'''
  
 
Do as follows in this device: if he stands upright in front of you then step with your right foot towards him and take firm hold of him with your left hand in his right hand, and go through underneath him. And at the same time swing his right arm over your left shoulder and direct your right arm back well below on his waist. Heave him up, and you may carry him wherever you want.
 
Do as follows in this device: if he stands upright in front of you then step with your right foot towards him and take firm hold of him with your left hand in his right hand, and go through underneath him. And at the same time swing his right arm over your left shoulder and direct your right arm back well below on his waist. Heave him up, and you may carry him wherever you want.
Line 7,418: Line 7,418:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 110.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 110.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[110] An Upper And Lower Hold'''
+
[110] '''An Upper And Lower Hold'''
  
 
In this device, do as follows: step with your right foot outside behind his left foot and quickly grab hold with your right hand outside the back of his knee and pull firmly towards you, and reach with your left hand at his right shoulder and push away from you with your upper grip and you may throw him. If he has taken hold of you thus, then step with your right foot in front of his left, that way you will have equal advantage as him.
 
In this device, do as follows: step with your right foot outside behind his left foot and quickly grab hold with your right hand outside the back of his knee and pull firmly towards you, and reach with your left hand at his right shoulder and push away from you with your upper grip and you may throw him. If he has taken hold of you thus, then step with your right foot in front of his left, that way you will have equal advantage as him.
Line 7,431: Line 7,431:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 111.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 111.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[111] A Hold With A Kick To The Groin'''
+
[111] '''A Hold With A Kick To The Groin'''
  
 
Do thus in this device: step forward with both feet toward him and take hold on his arms with both hands above and below. If he has taken hold of you thus, then tread quickly with your right foot in his groin and take hold over his arms with both hands, and enter the scales, that way you will throw him up high.
 
Do thus in this device: step forward with both feet toward him and take hold on his arms with both hands above and below. If he has taken hold of you thus, then tread quickly with your right foot in his groin and take hold over his arms with both hands, and enter the scales, that way you will throw him up high.
Line 7,444: Line 7,444:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 112.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 112.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[112] A Grip With Closed Arms'''
+
[112] '''A Grip With Closed Arms'''
  
 
Behave thus in this engagement: step forward with your left foot inside his left and reach with your right arm in front of him around his waist and with your left arm towards his right side, push the hands firmly together, and pull him towards you. If he has taken hold of you thus, then step with your left foot inside in front of his left foot, put both hands on his upper weak-point and push hard away from you and at the same time wrap your left leg around his left leg and pull hard towards you, and you will throw him over.
 
Behave thus in this engagement: step forward with your left foot inside his left and reach with your right arm in front of him around his waist and with your left arm towards his right side, push the hands firmly together, and pull him towards you. If he has taken hold of you thus, then step with your left foot inside in front of his left foot, put both hands on his upper weak-point and push hard away from you and at the same time wrap your left leg around his left leg and pull hard towards you, and you will throw him over.
Line 7,457: Line 7,457:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 113.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 113.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[113] A Hold In Front And In The Back'''
+
[113] '''A Hold In Front And In The Back'''
  
 
Do as follows in this device: step forward with your right foot on the inside in front of his right leg and grab hold with your right hand up front in the opponent's left hand and push upwards well. If your opponent has taken hold of you thus then at the same time quickly step with your right foot on the inside in front of his right and reach out with your right hand in front of his chest and grab hold of his left hand and pull as hard as you can towards you and step with your left foot behind his right foot and you will throw him over.
 
Do as follows in this device: step forward with your right foot on the inside in front of his right leg and grab hold with your right hand up front in the opponent's left hand and push upwards well. If your opponent has taken hold of you thus then at the same time quickly step with your right foot on the inside in front of his right and reach out with your right hand in front of his chest and grab hold of his left hand and pull as hard as you can towards you and step with your left foot behind his right foot and you will throw him over.
Line 7,470: Line 7,470:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 114.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 114.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[114] A Carry-Off'''
+
[114] '''A Carry-Off'''
  
 
Do as follows in this device: stand with both feet together in front of him and enter the upper scales, ie. Stand straight. If your opponent stands thus in front of you, then stoop down well in to the scales with the foremost part of your body and run your head in between his legs and grab hold of the back of his knees, and then quickly rush in with all your body and and lift up, and you will carry him away.
 
Do as follows in this device: stand with both feet together in front of him and enter the upper scales, ie. Stand straight. If your opponent stands thus in front of you, then stoop down well in to the scales with the foremost part of your body and run your head in between his legs and grab hold of the back of his knees, and then quickly rush in with all your body and and lift up, and you will carry him away.
Line 7,483: Line 7,483:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 115.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 115.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[115] An Armbreak With A Throw'''
+
[115] '''An Armbreak With A Throw'''
  
 
Do thus in this device: step with your right foot behind his right foot and grab with your right hand in front and with your left behind around his waist. If he has taken hold of you thus, then step with your right foot behind his right and quickly take hold with your right hand below behind his elbow and with your left in front of his right hand, and you will break his arm or throw him over.
 
Do thus in this device: step with your right foot behind his right foot and grab with your right hand in front and with your left behind around his waist. If he has taken hold of you thus, then step with your right foot behind his right and quickly take hold with your right hand below behind his elbow and with your left in front of his right hand, and you will break his arm or throw him over.
Line 7,496: Line 7,496:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 116.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 116.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[116] A Kick Against A Swift Grab'''
+
[116] '''A Kick Against A Swift Grab'''
  
 
Do as follows in this device: step up towards the opponent and kick him with your left foot in the groin. If your opponent comes at you thus, then quickly take hold of his left foot with with your right hand and push up with all your might, and then take hold with your left hand in his left elbow, push upwards and you will throw him over.
 
Do as follows in this device: step up towards the opponent and kick him with your left foot in the groin. If your opponent comes at you thus, then quickly take hold of his left foot with with your right hand and push up with all your might, and then take hold with your left hand in his left elbow, push upwards and you will throw him over.
Line 7,509: Line 7,509:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 117.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 117.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[117] A Press-Down Against The Scales'''
+
[117] '''A Press-Down Against The Scales'''
  
 
Go towards your opponent thus: enter down into the scales and step with your left foot behind his right and grab hold with your right in front on his groin below, and with your left above in the back of his neck, and then lift him up with all your might. If he holds you thus, then grab firmly with both hands onto his neck and press him down, and step with left foot between his legs, and you will be free of his throw.
 
Go towards your opponent thus: enter down into the scales and step with your left foot behind his right and grab hold with your right in front on his groin below, and with your left above in the back of his neck, and then lift him up with all your might. If he holds you thus, then grab firmly with both hands onto his neck and press him down, and step with left foot between his legs, and you will be free of his throw.
Line 7,522: Line 7,522:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 118.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 118.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[118] A Running In From Both Sides'''
+
[118] '''A Running In From Both Sides'''
  
 
Do thus: step with your left foot inside in front of his right foot and grab with your right in front in his shoulder and with your left behind his right elbow, and push him up and away from you, and then wrap your left foot around his right leg in his knee joint, and pull at the same time towards you. If your opponent has taken hold of you in this manner, then step with your left foot behind his left and grab hold with both hands as shown in the picture, that way you may throw him as well as he you.
 
Do thus: step with your left foot inside in front of his right foot and grab with your right in front in his shoulder and with your left behind his right elbow, and push him up and away from you, and then wrap your left foot around his right leg in his knee joint, and pull at the same time towards you. If your opponent has taken hold of you in this manner, then step with your left foot behind his left and grab hold with both hands as shown in the picture, that way you may throw him as well as he you.
Line 7,535: Line 7,535:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 119.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 119.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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|  
'''[119] A Skip Against A Closed Hold'''
+
[119] '''A Skip Against A Closed Hold'''
  
 
Do as follows in this engagement: step with your right outside behind his left foot and grab with your right hand behind in his left armpit or shoulder. If he comes at you thus, then take hold with your left hand in his right elbow, and lift up firmly, and then quickly take hold with your right hand in the back of his knee and pull him up, that way you will easily throw him.
 
Do as follows in this engagement: step with your right outside behind his left foot and grab with your right hand behind in his left armpit or shoulder. If he comes at you thus, then take hold with your left hand in his right elbow, and lift up firmly, and then quickly take hold with your right hand in the back of his knee and pull him up, that way you will easily throw him.
Line 7,548: Line 7,548:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 120.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 120.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[120] A Free Entering'''
+
[120] '''A Free Entering'''
  
 
Do as follows in this engagement: step forwards with your left foot and raise your right hand high against your opponent. Meanwhile step with your right in front of his left foot and close your right hand over his left elbow and with your left hand grab hold in front of his chest. If your opponent has taken hold of you thus, then put your left foot towards him and take hold with your right hand in his right shoulder or armpit, step with your right before his left and take hold with your left hand under his right shoulder, and lift up well, that way you will throw him over.
 
Do as follows in this engagement: step forwards with your left foot and raise your right hand high against your opponent. Meanwhile step with your right in front of his left foot and close your right hand over his left elbow and with your left hand grab hold in front of his chest. If your opponent has taken hold of you thus, then put your left foot towards him and take hold with your right hand in his right shoulder or armpit, step with your right before his left and take hold with your left hand under his right shoulder, and lift up well, that way you will throw him over.
Line 7,561: Line 7,561:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 121.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 121.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[121] A Throw From The Bar Guard'''(sic)
+
[121] '''A Throw From The Bar Guard'''(sic)
  
 
Do as follows in this device: step with your left foot on the inside in front of your opponent's right foot and grab hold with your right and left hand around his waist, and pull him firmly onto you. If your opponent holds you fast in this manner, then stand with your right foot behind his left and take hold with your right arm over his right arm and grab with your left hand in his right elbow. Then, pull firmly onto you and you will throw him over your right foot.
 
Do as follows in this device: step with your left foot on the inside in front of your opponent's right foot and grab hold with your right and left hand around his waist, and pull him firmly onto you. If your opponent holds you fast in this manner, then stand with your right foot behind his left and take hold with your right arm over his right arm and grab with your left hand in his right elbow. Then, pull firmly onto you and you will throw him over your right foot.
Line 7,574: Line 7,574:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 122.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 122.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[122] A Turned Around Throw/A Throw From The Roundturner'''
+
[122] '''A Turned Around Throw/A Throw From The Roundturner'''
  
 
Do as follows in this device: if he stands in this manner before you and puts the left foot forward and stands upright before you, and takes hold with his left hand in front of your chest, and gets down into the weak point, then quickly step with your right foot on the inside in front of his left and take hold with your left hand in his left hand, pull towards you as hard as you can and then grab hold behind his (left) elbow. That way you will break his left arm and throw him over your right foot.
 
Do as follows in this device: if he stands in this manner before you and puts the left foot forward and stands upright before you, and takes hold with his left hand in front of your chest, and gets down into the weak point, then quickly step with your right foot on the inside in front of his left and take hold with your left hand in his left hand, pull towards you as hard as you can and then grab hold behind his (left) elbow. That way you will break his left arm and throw him over your right foot.
Line 7,587: Line 7,587:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 123.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 123.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[123] A Grip With A Roundturner'''
+
[123] '''A Grip With A Roundturner'''
  
 
Do as follows: step forward with your left foot on the inside in front of his left, and swiftly grab hold with your left hand in the back of his left knee and lift up high. If he has taken hold of you thus, then reach through with your left arm under his left and grab him in his right hand. Pull firmly towards you, and reach with your right hand in front around his neck, that way you will break free of the throw.
 
Do as follows: step forward with your left foot on the inside in front of his left, and swiftly grab hold with your left hand in the back of his left knee and lift up high. If he has taken hold of you thus, then reach through with your left arm under his left and grab him in his right hand. Pull firmly towards you, and reach with your right hand in front around his neck, that way you will break free of the throw.
Line 7,600: Line 7,600:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 124.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 124.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[124] A Throw From The Scales'''
+
[124] '''A Throw From The Scales'''
  
 
Do as follows in this device: step with your right foot inside if his right and grab hold with your right arm behind his neck on his left side and put the hand behind his elbow and push down with the whole arm. If he has taken hold of you thus, then stand with your right foot forward and press down as well. Then quickly grab him with your right hand below in the back of his right knee, and at the same time push him up firmly, and grab with your left hand onto his right arm and thrust your head in his back and both of you will fall.
 
Do as follows in this device: step with your right foot inside if his right and grab hold with your right arm behind his neck on his left side and put the hand behind his elbow and push down with the whole arm. If he has taken hold of you thus, then stand with your right foot forward and press down as well. Then quickly grab him with your right hand below in the back of his right knee, and at the same time push him up firmly, and grab with your left hand onto his right arm and thrust your head in his back and both of you will fall.
Line 7,613: Line 7,613:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 125.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 125.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[125] A Swift Grab from Plunging of the Opponent'''
+
[125] '''A Swift Grab from Plunging of the Opponent'''
  
 
Do as follows in this device: stand with both feet together and fall towards him with all of your body with both arms around his neck on both sides and presh down at the same time. If your opponent holds you from above thus, then grab hold with your right hand around his neck and step towards him with your right foot. If he runs towards you thus, then step back and push him down by his head.
 
Do as follows in this device: stand with both feet together and fall towards him with all of your body with both arms around his neck on both sides and presh down at the same time. If your opponent holds you from above thus, then grab hold with your right hand around his neck and step towards him with your right foot. If he runs towards you thus, then step back and push him down by his head.
Line 7,626: Line 7,626:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 126.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 126.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[126] An Embrace'''
+
[126] '''An Embrace'''
  
 
Execute the following device in this manner: step forward with your right foot on the inside in front of his left and grab with your right hand below under his left hip and with your left hand take hold of his right hip, and then pull him firmly towards you. If your opponent holds you thus, then step with your right foot on the inside in front of his left, take hold with your left hand on the back of his right knee and reach around with your right hand around his neck. If your opponent holds you thus, then let go with your right hand from his shoulder and put it under his knee, that way you will be able to throw him.
 
Execute the following device in this manner: step forward with your right foot on the inside in front of his left and grab with your right hand below under his left hip and with your left hand take hold of his right hip, and then pull him firmly towards you. If your opponent holds you thus, then step with your right foot on the inside in front of his left, take hold with your left hand on the back of his right knee and reach around with your right hand around his neck. If your opponent holds you thus, then let go with your right hand from his shoulder and put it under his knee, that way you will be able to throw him.
Line 7,639: Line 7,639:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 127.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 127.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[127] A Grip On Both Weak-points'''
+
[127] '''A Grip On Both Weak-points'''
  
 
Execute this device as follows: stand with your left foot forward and grab him swiftly below by the groin, and above by the neck. If he holds you thus, then stand with your right foot forward, and reach with both hands down and around his right arm and close them well together. Then lift up firmly, and step back, and thus you will be free of both weak-points.
 
Execute this device as follows: stand with your left foot forward and grab him swiftly below by the groin, and above by the neck. If he holds you thus, then stand with your right foot forward, and reach with both hands down and around his right arm and close them well together. Then lift up firmly, and step back, and thus you will be free of both weak-points.
Line 7,652: Line 7,652:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 128.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 128.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[128] A Throw With A Turning, Or A Turned Throw'''
+
[128] '''A Throw With A Turning, Or A Turned Throw'''
  
 
Do thus in this device: when your opponent is about to take hold of you then quickly turn around with your back to his chest and take hold with both hands from behind around his head. Pull him in the meantime forcefully towards you and push below away from you. If your opponent has taken hold of you from behind as described, then take hold of his middle weak point with both hands and step with left foot behind his right and bow down your head, that way you will force him down under you.
 
Do thus in this device: when your opponent is about to take hold of you then quickly turn around with your back to his chest and take hold with both hands from behind around his head. Pull him in the meantime forcefully towards you and push below away from you. If your opponent has taken hold of you from behind as described, then take hold of his middle weak point with both hands and step with left foot behind his right and bow down your head, that way you will force him down under you.
Line 7,665: Line 7,665:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 129.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 129.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[129] A Turning With An Armbreak'''
+
[129] '''A Turning With An Armbreak'''
  
 
Do as follows in this technique: stand with your left behind his right foot and reach with your left hand in front of him and take hold of his neck. Then pull him as hard as you can toward you, that way you can throw him over. If your opponent has taken hold of you thus, then put your right hand on his left elbow and push it away from of you. Step with your left foot in front of his right, and reach out with your left hand in front of his neck, thus you will be able to throw him.
 
Do as follows in this technique: stand with your left behind his right foot and reach with your left hand in front of him and take hold of his neck. Then pull him as hard as you can toward you, that way you can throw him over. If your opponent has taken hold of you thus, then put your right hand on his left elbow and push it away from of you. Step with your left foot in front of his right, and reach out with your left hand in front of his neck, thus you will be able to throw him.
Line 7,678: Line 7,678:
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 130.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair grappling 130.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[130] A Free Wrestling Hold'''
+
[130] '''A Free Wrestling Hold'''
  
 
Execute this device as follows: stand with your left foot forward and cross your left arm over your right, fist clenched with the thumb inside. Then, swiftly step with your right foot in front of his left, enter the scales, and grab him with your right hand in the back of his left knee and with your left take hold of right hand. Pull the left leg to you and push away from you above, and you will throw him over. If he holds you thus below and above, then enter the scales and you will be able to counter him both above and below.
 
Execute this device as follows: stand with your left foot forward and cross your left arm over your right, fist clenched with the thumb inside. Then, swiftly step with your right foot in front of his left, enter the scales, and grab him with your right hand in the back of his left knee and with your left take hold of right hand. Pull the left leg to you and push away from you above, and you will throw him over. If he holds you thus below and above, then enter the scales and you will be able to counter him both above and below.
Line 7,694: Line 7,694:
 
! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 8,343: Line 8,343:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]], [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]], and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]] Versions</p>
+
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]], [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]], and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]]Versions</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Kendra Brown]], [[Rebecca Garber]], [[Mark Millman]],<br/>[[Jon Reynolds]], and [[Amy West]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Kendra Brown]], [[Rebecca Garber]], [[Mark Millman]],<br/>[[Jon Reynolds]], and [[Amy West]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 8,355: Line 8,355:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[1] The first binding-on at the dagger'''
+
[1] '''The first binding-on at the dagger'''
  
Item, conduct yourself thus in the onset with the daggers. Wind yourself with stabs and with thrusts to him [so] that your right foot stands forward.
+
Item, conduct yourself thus in the onset with the daggers. Wind yourself with stabs and with thrusts to him [so] '''that your right foot stands forward.
  
If he thus thrusts to you at your right side and you stand also with your right foot forward against him, so take him out away from there with an outside binding [so] that your thumb stands above on your pommel. Immediately pull your dagger nimbly to yourself and thrust to him therewith at his right side.
+
If he thus thrusts to you at your right side and you stand also with your right foot forward against him, so take him out away from there with an outside binding [so] '''that your thumb stands above on your pommel. Immediately pull your dagger nimbly to yourself and thrust to him therewith at his right side.
  
If he should thus then thrust at you, so take that [his] away from below so that your thumb stands on your pommel and the blade lies outward on the arm.<ref>Note: Change of grip required, or the illustration does not match.</ref> Immediately step with your left leg behind his right and grab with your left hand on his right elbow. Shove him therewith from you and, simultaneous with the shove, stab at his face.
+
If he should thus then thrust at you, so take that [his] '''away from below so that your thumb stands on your pommel and the blade lies outward on the arm.<ref>Note: Change of grip required, or the illustration does not match.</ref> Immediately step with your left leg behind his right and grab with your left hand on his right elbow. Shove him therewith from you and, simultaneous with the shove, stab at his face.
  
 
If he has thus seized you and stabs at your face, so take him away nimbly inwardly with your left hand.  Immediately set your right leg back on your right side so you wind yourself from him.
 
If he has thus seized you and stabs at your face, so take him away nimbly inwardly with your left hand.  Immediately set your right leg back on your right side so you wind yourself from him.
Line 8,375: Line 8,375:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[2] A stab against the taking away'''
+
[2] '''A stab against the taking away'''
  
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device with the onset. Wind yourself with stabs and with thrusts doubly in at him [so] that your left leg comes in forward and [you] stab him at his right side [so] that the thumb stands by your rondel.
+
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device with the onset. Wind yourself with stabs and with thrusts doubly in at him [so] '''that your left leg comes in forward and [you] '''stab him at his right side [so] '''that the thumb stands by your rondel.
  
If he thus stabs at your right side and you stand with your right foot forward, so take that away from the binding behind his rondel [so] that your thumb is [shall be] above on your pommel. Immediately step with your left foot behind his right* and set your left hand behind his right elbow; shove him therewith from you and stab him at his neck.
+
If he thus stabs at your right side and you stand with your right foot forward, so take that away from the binding behind his rondel [so] '''that your thumb is [shall be] '''above on your pommel. Immediately step with your left foot behind his right* and set your left hand behind his right elbow; shove him therewith from you and stab him at his neck.
  
 
BREAK
 
BREAK
Line 8,396: Line 8,396:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[3] Two inward takings away from the right side'''
+
[3] '''Two inward takings away from the right side'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this taking away. Set your right foot forward and go to him with your dagger at his right arm. If he stands also thus against you with his right foot forward and is simultaneously working with you, so grab with your left hand in front on his right, shove him therewith under himself and stab at his right side.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this taking away. Set your right foot forward and go to him with your dagger at his right arm. If he stands also thus against you with his right foot forward and is simultaneously working with you, so grab with your left hand in front on his right, shove him therewith under himself and stab at his right side.
Line 8,413: Line 8,413:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[4] Two other inward takings away which lead to an arm break'''
+
[4] '''Two other inward takings away which lead to an arm break'''
  
Item: conduct yourself thus with this device. Stand with your right foot forward. If he then also stands against you with his right foot set forward with you in equal effort<ref>''Arbait'' - technical term: work, force, struggle</ref> and [you] have thus bound one another inwardly with your daggers, thus pull [it] immediately nimbly and change it through from below and stab him outwardly at his right arm.
+
Item: conduct yourself thus with this device. Stand with your right foot forward. If he then also stands against you with his right foot set forward with you in equal effort<ref>''Arbait'' - technical term: work, force, struggle</ref> and [you] '''have thus bound one another inwardly with your daggers, thus pull [it] '''immediately nimbly and change it through from below and stab him outwardly at his right arm.
  
 
If he should stab thus at you, so take it away with your dagger on your arm, immediately stab nimbly from above at his face.
 
If he should stab thus at you, so take it away with your dagger on your arm, immediately stab nimbly from above at his face.
Line 8,434: Line 8,434:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[5] A face thrust against a lower taking away'''
+
[5] '''A face thrust against a lower taking away'''
  
 
Item: Conduct yourself thus. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger in your left hand upright against his face. If he should then stand also against you with his right foot forward and holds his dagger up, the thumb on the pommel, the point against the man, so follow with your right leg in after and thrust him at his face.
 
Item: Conduct yourself thus. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger in your left hand upright against his face. If he should then stand also against you with his right foot forward and holds his dagger up, the thumb on the pommel, the point against the man, so follow with your right leg in after and thrust him at his face.
Line 8,440: Line 8,440:
 
If he thus thrusts above at you, so wind your blade on your arm, immediately go well up in front of your face and take away his stab on your right side. Immediately step in with your left leg and thrust him doubly at his face or the breast.
 
If he thus thrusts above at you, so wind your blade on your arm, immediately go well up in front of your face and take away his stab on your right side. Immediately step in with your left leg and thrust him doubly at his face or the breast.
  
If he takes away your [thrust], so spring with your right foot in [the] triangle and thrust him therewith at his right side.
+
If he takes away your [thrust], so spring with your right foot in [the] '''triangle and thrust him therewith at his right side.
  
If he thus thrusts at you, so set his [thrust] aside, immediately tear after him and seek his next [nearest?] opening
+
If he thus thrusts at you, so set his [thrust] '''aside, immediately tear after him and seek his next [nearest?] '''opening
  
 
If he has set himself forward, so change through nimbly and thrust at his genitals.
 
If he has set himself forward, so change through nimbly and thrust at his genitals.
Line 8,457: Line 8,457:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[6] A low taking away against a high face thrust'''
+
[6] '''A low taking away against a high face thrust'''
  
 
Item: Conduct yourself thus in the taking away. Stand with your right foot forward and hold your dagger in front of your right knee. If he then stands also with his right foot against you, his dagger in the High against your face, the thumb on his pommel, so follow with your left leg in after and go from below up with the Shears and thrust at his face.
 
Item: Conduct yourself thus in the taking away. Stand with your right foot forward and hold your dagger in front of your right knee. If he then stands also with his right foot against you, his dagger in the High against your face, the thumb on his pommel, so follow with your left leg in after and go from below up with the Shears and thrust at his face.
  
If he thus thrusts at your face, so take notice even as [he thrusts] and grab with your left hand inwardly on his right arm and set away his thrust therewith, immediately stab doubly at his face.  
+
If he thus thrusts at your face, so take notice even as [he thrusts] '''and grab with your left hand inwardly on his right arm and set away his thrust therewith, immediately stab doubly at his face.  
 
If he thus stabs doubly at you, so take that away with your dagger; immediately set your left hand under his right elbow and shove him from you on your right side.
 
If he thus stabs doubly at you, so take that away with your dagger; immediately set your left hand under his right elbow and shove him from you on your right side.
  
Line 8,475: Line 8,475:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[7] A free thrust against a low rising'''
+
[7] '''A free thrust against a low rising'''
  
Item: conduct yourself thus with this device. Stand with [your] feet equally together, your right arm with the dagger well above your head. Immediately step in with your right leg and stab at his face.
+
Item: conduct yourself thus with this device. Stand with [your] '''feet equally together, your right arm with the dagger well above your head. Immediately step in with your right leg and stab at his face.
  
If he thrusts thus at you and you stand with your left foot forward in the Scales, the left hand by your left knee, the dagger well behind by your right leg, so step in toward [him] with your right foot. Immediately go up and take his thrust away with your left hand out of the half-Shears. Immediately thrust him in his face or the breast. If he thus takes away the thrust, so wind nimbly through again from his left on his right side into his face.
+
If he thrusts thus at you and you stand with your left foot forward in the Scales, the left hand by your left knee, the dagger well behind by your right leg, so step in toward [him] '''with your right foot. Immediately go up and take his thrust away with your left hand out of the half-Shears. Immediately thrust him in his face or the breast. If he thus takes away the thrust, so wind nimbly through again from his left on his right side into his face.
  
 
If he thus thrusts doubly at you, so set your right leg back and set it off from inside out so that the dagger lies on your right arm. Immediately step in with your right leg again and with the left spring out on his right side so you have a complete thrust at him. Immediately change yourself doubly back from him.
 
If he thus thrusts doubly at you, so set your right leg back and set it off from inside out so that the dagger lies on your right arm. Immediately step in with your right leg again and with the left spring out on his right side so you have a complete thrust at him. Immediately change yourself doubly back from him.
Line 8,492: Line 8,492:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[8] A setting aside out of the Shears against a left face thrust'''
+
[8] '''A setting aside out of the Shears against a left face thrust'''
  
 
Item, conduct yourself thus in the Shears. Stand with your left foot forward, your dagger in front by your left knee, the thumb by the rondel, the left arm crosswise on your right. If he then stands thus against you with his left foot forward, the dagger in his left hand, in the High and desires to thrust at your face, so step in with your right leg and go up out of the Shears. Immediately set aside the thrust with your left arm and with the right arm thrust him over his left arm at his face. If he then takes away your thrust with his dagger on his left arm, so change through immediately nimbly from his left onto his right side.
 
Item, conduct yourself thus in the Shears. Stand with your left foot forward, your dagger in front by your left knee, the thumb by the rondel, the left arm crosswise on your right. If he then stands thus against you with his left foot forward, the dagger in his left hand, in the High and desires to thrust at your face, so step in with your right leg and go up out of the Shears. Immediately set aside the thrust with your left arm and with the right arm thrust him over his left arm at his face. If he then takes away your thrust with his dagger on his left arm, so change through immediately nimbly from his left onto his right side.
Line 8,509: Line 8,509:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[9] A Face Thrust with a Throw'''
+
[9] '''A Face Thrust with a Throw'''
  
 
Item: When you go to him from the onset, so stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger well in the High over your head against his face.
 
Item: When you go to him from the onset, so stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger well in the High over your head against his face.
Line 8,515: Line 8,515:
 
If you then stand thus against him with your left foot well forward in the Scales and he desires to thrust to your face, so go with your dagger up against his breast and do as if you want to complete the thrust. Immediately snatch with your left hand his left leg and tug with it over itself so you may throw him. Simultaneously lay your dagger outwardly on your right arm, therewith you can take his thrust away.  
 
If you then stand thus against him with your left foot well forward in the Scales and he desires to thrust to your face, so go with your dagger up against his breast and do as if you want to complete the thrust. Immediately snatch with your left hand his left leg and tug with it over itself so you may throw him. Simultaneously lay your dagger outwardly on your right arm, therewith you can take his thrust away.  
  
If he has thus seized you and desires to throw you, so follow with your body powerfully in towards [him] as if you want to fall on him. Immediately grab with your left hand on his left elbow inwardly and shove him therewith from you, so he must release you. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand behind around his body and with the right between both his legs and throw him in front of yourself, out and away.
+
If he has thus seized you and desires to throw you, so follow with your body powerfully in towards [him] '''as if you want to fall on him. Immediately grab with your left hand on his left elbow inwardly and shove him therewith from you, so he must release you. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand behind around his body and with the right between both his legs and throw him in front of yourself, out and away.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|007r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|007r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 215r.jpg|German|lbl=215r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 215r.jpg|German|lbl=215r}}
Line 8,526: Line 8,526:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[10] The Shears against the setting aside with a winding'''
+
[10] '''The Shears against the setting aside with a winding'''
  
 
Item: hold yourself thus with the Shears. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger against the man. Immediately step in with your right leg and go well up with the Shears in the High to his face with a thrust.
 
Item: hold yourself thus with the Shears. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger against the man. Immediately step in with your right leg and go well up with the Shears in the High to his face with a thrust.
Line 8,533: Line 8,533:
 
If he becomes aware of the thrust and takes yours away with his left hand, so tug above and thrust to him below at his genitals.
 
If he becomes aware of the thrust and takes yours away with his left hand, so tug above and thrust to him below at his genitals.
  
If he thus thrusts below at you, so set your right leg back and take away his thrust with the left hand; and with the right stab at his breast. Immediately nimbly step doubly back in [toward him] so that you have your thumb out on the rondel. Immediately snatch<ref>Latin: snatch up.</ref> his right arm and thrust at his throat, pull back [withdraw] therewith in a good stance.
+
If he thus thrusts below at you, so set your right leg back and take away his thrust with the left hand; and with the right stab at his breast. Immediately nimbly step doubly back in [toward him] '''so that you have your thumb out on the rondel. Immediately snatch<ref>Latin: snatch up.</ref> his right arm and thrust at his throat, pull back [withdraw] '''therewith in a good stance.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|007v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|007v|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 215v.jpg|German|lbl=215v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 215v.jpg|German|lbl=215v}}
Line 8,544: Line 8,544:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 11.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 11.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[11] An outward arm break from which a throw goes'''
+
[11] '''An outward arm break from which a throw goes'''
  
 
Item: when with the onset you come to the man, so stand with your left foot forward and stab at his right leg.
 
Item: when with the onset you come to the man, so stand with your left foot forward and stab at his right leg.
Line 8,563: Line 8,563:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 12.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 12.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[12] A setting-off out of the Strong against a face thrust'''
+
[12] '''A setting-off out of the Strong against a face thrust'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this setting off out of the Strong. Stand with your left foot forward and hold the dagger in both hands. If he then stands also against you with his right foot forward and goes against you with a face thrust, so go well over yourself against him with your dagger and catch the stab between both hands on your blade. Immediately grab with your left hand behind his pommel and press the point of his dagger into his face.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this setting off out of the Strong. Stand with your left foot forward and hold the dagger in both hands. If he then stands also against you with his right foot forward and goes against you with a face thrust, so go well over yourself against him with your dagger and catch the stab between both hands on your blade. Immediately grab with your left hand behind his pommel and press the point of his dagger into his face.
Line 8,580: Line 8,580:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 13.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 13.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[13] A throw with a turner'''
+
[13] '''A throw with a turner'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus with this onset.  Stand with your right foot forward and hold your dagger against him, the thumb by your rondel.<ref>Note: the illustration shows ice-pick grip.</ref> If he then stands also thus against you with a stab, his right foot set in front, so follow with your left leg behind and travel to him with your dagger, the right hand under around his leg. Heave therewith over him and with the left hand shove him above by his right arm from you, so you turn him and can also throw.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus with this onset.  Stand with your right foot forward and hold your dagger against him, the thumb by your rondel.<ref>Note: the illustration shows ice-pick grip.</ref> If he then stands also thus against you with a stab, his right foot set in front, so follow with your left leg behind and travel to him with your dagger, the right hand under around his leg. Heave therewith over him and with the left hand shove him above by his right arm from you, so you turn him and can also throw.
Line 8,595: Line 8,595:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 14.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 14.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[14] An inwinding from which an arm break goes'''
+
[14] '''An inwinding from which an arm break goes'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device/play/bit/encounter. Wind yourself with stabbing and thrusting toward him so that your left foot stands forward, your thumb under by your rondel.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device/play/bit/encounter. Wind yourself with stabbing and thrusting toward him so that your left foot stands forward, your thumb under by your rondel.
Line 8,614: Line 8,614:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 15.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 15.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[15] A genital thrust against a face thrust'''
+
[15] '''A genital thrust against a face thrust'''
  
 
Item: Hold yourself thus with this bit: Set your right foot in front and hold your thumb above on your pommel. If he then stands also thus against you with his right foot forward thus stab him in his genitals.
 
Item: Hold yourself thus with this bit: Set your right foot in front and hold your thumb above on your pommel. If he then stands also thus against you with his right foot forward thus stab him in his genitals.
Line 8,634: Line 8,634:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 16.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 16.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[16] An entry with a throw'''
+
[16] '''An entry with a throw'''
  
Item: conduct yourself thus in this approach: stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb by your rondel.<ref>Note illustration shows ice-pick grip.</ref> If he then stands also thus against you with this right foot forward and thrusts at your face, thus grip [grab] with your left hand well in front on his right [hand?], thus his stab is set aside. Immediately travel with your right hand with the dagger round his right leg well into the hollow of his knee and tug [pull] therewith around well toward yourself. Pull with [the dagger] below well toward yourself and shove above from yourself thus you throw him back.
+
Item: conduct yourself thus in this approach: stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb by your rondel.<ref>Note illustration shows ice-pick grip.</ref> If he then stands also thus against you with this right foot forward and thrusts at your face, thus grip [grab] '''with your left hand well in front on his right [hand?], thus his stab is set aside. Immediately travel with your right hand with the dagger round his right leg well into the hollow of his knee and tug [pull] '''therewith around well toward yourself. Pull with [the dagger] '''below well toward yourself and shove above from yourself thus you throw him back.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|010v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|010v|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 218v.jpg|German|lbl=218v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 218v.jpg|German|lbl=218v}}
Line 8,647: Line 8,647:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 17.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 17.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[17] A breast thrust with a genital thrust'''
+
[17] '''A breast thrust with a genital thrust'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus with this approach: Stand with your left foot forward your thumb on your pommel and thrust at his breast.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus with this approach: Stand with your left foot forward your thumb on your pommel and thrust at his breast.
Line 8,653: Line 8,653:
 
If he should thus thrust at you, so take it away from him with the blade of your dagger and thrust at his genitals.
 
If he should thus thrust at you, so take it away from him with the blade of your dagger and thrust at his genitals.
  
If you become aware of the thrust at the genitals, so fall to him with your left hand on his right; turn his dagger [marginalia] therewith from you, thus you stab him in his genitals.
+
If you become aware of the thrust at the genitals, so fall to him with your left hand on his right; turn his dagger [marginalia] '''therewith from you, thus you stab him in his genitals.
  
 
If he should thus shove your dagger at you, thus set your right leg nimbly back so you will avoid his stabs. Immediately step with your right foot nimbly again towards him and go to him with your dagger to his face.
 
If he should thus shove your dagger at you, thus set your right leg nimbly back so you will avoid his stabs. Immediately step with your right foot nimbly again towards him and go to him with your dagger to his face.
Line 8,670: Line 8,670:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 18.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 18.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[18] An entry from which an arm break goes'''
+
[18] '''An entry from which an arm break goes'''
  
Item: conduct yourself thus: set your left [marginalia] foot forward and go from below up to his face. If he then also stands against you with his right foot forward, so seize your dagger, the thumb by your rondel, and thrust to him from above at his face.
+
Item: conduct yourself thus: set your left [marginalia] '''foot forward and go from below up to his face. If he then also stands against you with his right foot forward, so seize your dagger, the thumb by your rondel, and thrust to him from above at his face.
  
 
If he thus thrusts above at you so bind equally with him. Immediately grip with your left hand above over his right arm and seize the dagger and the arm together. Immediately wind with your dagger on your right so you break his arm.
 
If he thus thrusts above at you so bind equally with him. Immediately grip with your left hand above over his right arm and seize the dagger and the arm together. Immediately wind with your dagger on your right so you break his arm.
Line 8,689: Line 8,689:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 19.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 19.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[19] A genital thrust with a throw'''
+
[19] '''A genital thrust with a throw'''
  
 
Item: when you both in the onset come together so, stand with your right foot forward and stab at his genitals.
 
Item: when you both in the onset come together so, stand with your right foot forward and stab at his genitals.
Line 8,708: Line 8,708:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 20.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 20.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[20] An arm break with a face thrust'''
+
[20] '''An arm break with a face thrust'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus: stand with your right foot forward and stab equally<ref>This seems to imply both parallel action and simultaneity.</ref> in with him. Immediately let your dagger fall and grip with your right hand well behind his right elbow and with the left well forward by his right hand. Immediately twist<ref>''Reib'' - strong twisting, bending, rotating motion.</ref> therewith from yourself so you will break his arm.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus: stand with your right foot forward and stab equally<ref>This seems to imply both parallel action and simultaneity.</ref> in with him. Immediately let your dagger fall and grip with your right hand well behind his right elbow and with the left well forward by his right hand. Immediately twist<ref>''Reib'' - strong twisting, bending, rotating motion.</ref> therewith from yourself so you will break his arm.
Line 8,723: Line 8,723:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 21.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 21.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[21] An attack [onfall, onslaught] with a throw'''
+
[21] '''An attack [onfall, onslaught] '''with a throw'''
  
 
Item: if you both come together in the onset so, stand with your left foot forward and hold the thumb by your rondel. Immediately step with your right leg into him and stab him from below at his face.
 
Item: if you both come together in the onset so, stand with your left foot forward and hold the thumb by your rondel. Immediately step with your right leg into him and stab him from below at his face.
  
If you then stand with your left foot against him and he thus stabs at you, so go to him with a thrust from above in against [him] in front over his right hand. Immediately grip with your right<ref>Image shows left.</ref> hand on his dagger and turn therewith the point over itself.
+
If you then stand with your left foot against him and he thus stabs at you, so go to him with a thrust from above in against [him] '''in front over his right hand. Immediately grip with your right<ref>Image shows left.</ref> hand on his dagger and turn therewith the point over itself.
  
 
If he has thus seized your dagger, so step with your left leg inwindingly<ref>From the inner side.</ref> behind his left and seize with your left hand by his left shoulder. Immediately tug above strongly and strike your foot to him below so you may throw him.
 
If he has thus seized your dagger, so step with your left leg inwindingly<ref>From the inner side.</ref> behind his left and seize with your left hand by his left shoulder. Immediately tug above strongly and strike your foot to him below so you may throw him.
Line 8,742: Line 8,742:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 22.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 22.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[22] A breast thrust against a setting aside'''
+
[22] '''A breast thrust against a setting aside'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus with this device in the onset. Wind yourself with stabs and with thrusts into him so that your right leg comes forward. Immediately wind your thrust behind your head to his breast.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus with this device in the onset. Wind yourself with stabs and with thrusts into him so that your right leg comes forward. Immediately wind your thrust behind your head to his breast.
Line 8,761: Line 8,761:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 23.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 23.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[23] A turner [change over]'''
+
[23] '''A turner [change over]'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this onset. Stand with your left foot forward and stab him at his left side.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this onset. Stand with your left foot forward and stab him at his left side.
Line 8,784: Line 8,784:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 24.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 24.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[24] A dagger taking'''
+
[24] '''A dagger taking'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in the dagger taking. Stand with your left foot forward and stab at his face.  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in the dagger taking. Stand with your left foot forward and stab at his face.  
Line 8,804: Line 8,804:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 25.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 25.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[25] A crossed dagger-taking'''
+
[25] '''A crossed dagger-taking'''
  
 
Item: When you both come together with the onset your right leg set before you and equally<ref>Could also mean immediately</ref> stab in with each other, so grip with your left hand nimbly over your right arm at his point.
 
Item: When you both come together with the onset your right leg set before you and equally<ref>Could also mean immediately</ref> stab in with each other, so grip with your left hand nimbly over your right arm at his point.
Line 8,810: Line 8,810:
 
If he has thus seized your dagger so grip also with your left hand on his dagger. So you are with each other in equal struggle [work]. Immediately wind his dagger over your right arm on your left side and push your dagger with strength also over his right arm so he must release both daggers to you.
 
If he has thus seized your dagger so grip also with your left hand on his dagger. So you are with each other in equal struggle [work]. Immediately wind his dagger over your right arm on your left side and push your dagger with strength also over his right arm so he must release both daggers to you.
  
If he has then all two [both] of the daggers so grip nimbly both his arms and heave [lift] them strongly and press therewith under him.
+
If he has then all two [both] '''of the daggers so grip nimbly both his arms and heave [lift] '''them strongly and press therewith under him.
  
If he then presses thus under himself so wind with both your arms [in] over his arm.
+
If he then presses thus under himself so wind with both your arms [in] '''over his arm.
  
If he has thus wound over you, so grip with your left hand in front on his left and with the right on his dagger by his grip, so he must then release the dagger to you. Immediately tear him [it] away and stab him doubly at his face. Tug [zucken] [Latin – to withdraw] therewith back with a good stance.
+
If he has thus wound over you, so grip with your left hand in front on his left and with the right on his dagger by his grip, so he must then release the dagger to you. Immediately tear him [it] '''away and stab him doubly at his face. Tug [zucken] '''[Latin – to withdraw] '''therewith back with a good stance.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|015r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|015r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 223r.jpg|German|lbl=223r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 223r.jpg|German|lbl=223r}}
Line 8,825: Line 8,825:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 26.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 26.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[26] A hand pushing from which a throw goes'''
+
[26] '''A hand pushing from which a throw goes'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. With the onset wind yourself with stabs and with thrusts [so take two steps towards]<ref>Only in the Latin.</ref> doubly to him so that your left leg comes forward. Immediately step with the same feet together and stab him above at this face.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. With the onset wind yourself with stabs and with thrusts [so take two steps towards]<ref>Only in the Latin.</ref> doubly to him so that your left leg comes forward. Immediately step with the same feet together and stab him above at this face.
  
If he stabs thus at your face and you stand with your right foot forward against him, the thumb on your pommel, so step with your left leg inward [towards him] and set this of his aside with your dagger on your arm. Immediately wind through from his left to his right side and stab him at his face.
+
If he stabs thus at your face and you stand with your right foot forward against him, the thumb on your pommel, so step with your left leg inward [towards him] '''and set this of his aside with your dagger on your arm. Immediately wind through from his left to his right side and stab him at his face.
  
 
If he thus stabs in [at you]so take that of his away with your dagger and grip with your left hand at his right and stab him therewith at his breast.
 
If he thus stabs in [at you]so take that of his away with your dagger and grip with your left hand at his right and stab him therewith at his breast.
  
If he stabs thus at [you] so grip with your left hand inwardly on his right arm; so is his thrust taken away.
+
If he stabs thus at [you] '''so grip with your left hand inwardly on his right arm; so is his thrust taken away.
  
 
If you have thus both grabbed each other let your dagger fall and press both his hands together. Immediately turn yourself with your left shoulder under both his arms so you may throw him or break the arm.
 
If you have thus both grabbed each other let your dagger fall and press both his hands together. Immediately turn yourself with your left shoulder under both his arms so you may throw him or break the arm.
Line 8,846: Line 8,846:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 27.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 27.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[27] An arm break with a throw from the heels'''
+
[27] '''An arm break with a throw from the heels'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus: with the onset when you come before the man stand with your right foot in front and stab him from above at his face or the breast.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus: with the onset when you come before the man stand with your right foot in front and stab him from above at his face or the breast.
  
If you stand then also thus against him with the same feet together [equally] so step with your right foot outwardly in front of his right and go against [towards] his thrust. Immediately stab him in his right side.
+
If you stand then also thus against him with the same feet together [equally] '''so step with your right foot outwardly in front of his right and go against [towards] '''his thrust. Immediately stab him in his right side.
  
If he stabs you thus at your right, so attack from above his right arm with your dagger and press his arm under your right armpit. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand on his right shoulder and with the right under his right elbow. Immediately strike him in the heels [haacken] on the right leg. So you can break his arm or throw him.
+
If he stabs you thus at your right, so attack from above his right arm with your dagger and press his arm under your right armpit. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand on his right shoulder and with the right under his right elbow. Immediately strike him in the heels [haacken] '''on the right leg. So you can break his arm or throw him.
  
 
If you want to break that, so attack with your left hand his chin in front shove therewith strongly behind him so he must let you go or you throw him.
 
If you want to break that, so attack with your left hand his chin in front shove therewith strongly behind him so he must let you go or you throw him.
Line 8,865: Line 8,865:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 28.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 28.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[28] A face stab against the shears'''
+
[28] '''A face stab against the shears'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb by your rondel, the point against the man. Immediately go out and step with your right leg towards him and stab at him from above with strength at his face.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb by your rondel, the point against the man. Immediately go out and step with your right leg towards him and stab at him from above with strength at his face.
Line 8,871: Line 8,871:
 
If he then thus stabs at you and you, with your left leg forward, stand against him so step with your right outwardly behind his right. Immediately go from below well up with the shears and take his stab away.
 
If he then thus stabs at you and you, with your left leg forward, stand against him so step with your right outwardly behind his right. Immediately go from below well up with the shears and take his stab away.
  
If he has thus taken away your stab, grip with your left hand in front on his right and wind his hand so that the point is turned [twisted] over him.
+
If he has thus taken away your stab, grip with your left hand in front on his right and wind his hand so that the point is turned [twisted] '''over him.
  
 
So if you both have thus set on one another, so let your dagger fall and grip with your right hand at his right leg and with your left under his left armpit with crossed arms so you may throw him from the shears.
 
So if you both have thus set on one another, so let your dagger fall and grip with your right hand at his right leg and with your left under his left armpit with crossed arms so you may throw him from the shears.
Line 8,884: Line 8,884:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 29.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 29.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[29] An entry with an arm break from the outside'''
+
[29] '''An entry with an arm break from the outside'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this onset. Stand with your right foot forward. If he then also stands against you with his right foot forward so stab him from above at his face.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this onset. Stand with your right foot forward. If he then also stands against you with his right foot forward so stab him from above at his face.
Line 8,892: Line 8,892:
 
If he thus sets aside your stab so attack him from above with your right hand with the dagger forward over his right arm and with the left hand set in behind his right elbow. Wind over him so that his right arm is under him, so you will break it.
 
If he thus sets aside your stab so attack him from above with your right hand with the dagger forward over his right arm and with the left hand set in behind his right elbow. Wind over him so that his right arm is under him, so you will break it.
  
If he thus desires to break your arm, so set your right leg inwardly in front of his right. Immediately grip with your left hand well behind his right elbow, shove him therewith over himself so you will be free of [his] grip. Immediately step doubly at him and stab at his face.
+
If he thus desires to break your arm, so set your right leg inwardly in front of his right. Immediately grip with your left hand well behind his right elbow, shove him therewith over himself so you will be free of [his] '''grip. Immediately step doubly at him and stab at his face.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|017r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|017r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 225r.jpg|German|lbl=225r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 225r.jpg|German|lbl=225r}}
Line 8,903: Line 8,903:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 30.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 30.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[30] A Taking away against a Genital thrust'''
+
[30] '''A Taking away against a Genital thrust'''
  
 
Item: comport yourself thus with this onset. When you come before the man, stand with your right foot forward. If he stands then thus against you with his right foot forward, so stab him at his face.
 
Item: comport yourself thus with this onset. When you come before the man, stand with your right foot forward. If he stands then thus against you with his right foot forward, so stab him at his face.
Line 8,922: Line 8,922:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 31.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 31.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[31] Double face thrust'''
+
[31] '''Double face thrust'''
  
 
Item: when you-all come together with the onset and both step in with right legs so stab him in his face.
 
Item: when you-all come together with the onset and both step in with right legs so stab him in his face.
Line 8,943: Line 8,943:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 32.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 32.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[32] A turner with a throw'''
+
[32] '''A turner with a throw'''
  
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. Wind yourself with stabs and with thrusts at him [so] that your right leg in this onset comes forward. Immediately stab at his face.
+
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. Wind yourself with stabs and with thrusts at him [so] '''that your right leg in this onset comes forward. Immediately stab at his face.
  
If you then also stand thus against him, with your right foot forward, and he thrusts at your face so stab against him outwardly over his right arm, thus his stab is taken away. Immediately wind therewith over his right arm [so] that your dagger stands over his at his back.
+
If you then also stand thus against him, with your right foot forward, and he thrusts at your face so stab against him outwardly over his right arm, thus his stab is taken away. Immediately wind therewith over his right arm [so] '''that your dagger stands over his at his back.
  
 
Immediately grip in with your left hand between his legs so you can turn him and you can also throw him therewith.
 
Immediately grip in with your left hand between his legs so you can turn him and you can also throw him therewith.
Line 8,960: Line 8,960:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 33.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 33.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[33] A throw from the Hook with a high setting aside'''
+
[33] '''A throw from the Hook with a high setting aside'''
  
 
Item: when you come with the onset in front of the man so stand with your left foot forward. If he stands then also against you with his right foot forward, so stab him at his breast such that the thumb stands by your rondel.
 
Item: when you come with the onset in front of the man so stand with your left foot forward. If he stands then also against you with his right foot forward, so stab him at his breast such that the thumb stands by your rondel.
Line 8,966: Line 8,966:
 
If he stabs at you thus so set that aside with your left hand. Immediately, travel with your dagger around his neck and strike him below at the heels, so you may throw him.
 
If he stabs at you thus so set that aside with your left hand. Immediately, travel with your dagger around his neck and strike him below at the heels, so you may throw him.
  
If you want to break that, so grip with your left hand in front on his left, free your dagger therewith [so] that you<ref>''Inn'' - unclear whether directional or locational.</ref> come in over both his hands and set to him behind his right elbow. Shove him therewith on his right side so you break all his work. Immediately spring with your left foot well on his right side and stab him therewith behind at his neck. Immediately pull yourself back into the Change away from him.
+
If you want to break that, so grip with your left hand in front on his left, free your dagger therewith [so] '''that you<ref>''Inn'' - unclear whether directional or locational.</ref> come in over both his hands and set to him behind his right elbow. Shove him therewith on his right side so you break all his work. Immediately spring with your left foot well on his right side and stab him therewith behind at his neck. Immediately pull yourself back into the Change away from him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|019r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|019r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 227r.jpg|German|lbl=227r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 227r.jpg|German|lbl=227r}}
Line 8,977: Line 8,977:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 34.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 34.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[34] A throw from the Hook out of which an arm break goes'''
+
[34] '''A throw from the Hook out of which an arm break goes'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus with this device. In the onset set your left foot in front and hold your dagger with the thumb at your pommel. Immediately stab him at his right side.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus with this device. In the onset set your left foot in front and hold your dagger with the thumb at your pommel. Immediately stab him at his right side.
Line 8,994: Line 8,994:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 35.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 35.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[35] A dagger taking with an arm break'''
+
[35] '''A dagger taking with an arm break'''
  
Item: hold yourself thus with [scribal typo] this device. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb at your pommel. Immediately stab him at his face or the breast.
+
Item: hold yourself thus with [scribal typo] '''this device. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb at your pommel. Immediately stab him at his face or the breast.
  
 
If you then also thus stand against him with your left foot forward and he thus stabs at you from above, so stab also outwardly at him over his right arm at his face. And in the binding-on seize the two daggers together.
 
If you then also thus stand against him with your left foot forward and he thus stabs at you from above, so stab also outwardly at him over his right arm at his face. And in the binding-on seize the two daggers together.
Line 9,014: Line 9,014:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 36.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 36.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[36] The Shears with two seizures'''
+
[36] '''The Shears with two seizures'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus with the onset. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb by your rondel. Immediately stab him at his left side.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus with the onset. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb by your rondel. Immediately stab him at his left side.
Line 9,035: Line 9,035:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 37.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 37.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[37] A face thrust with an arm break'''
+
[37] '''A face thrust with an arm break'''
  
Item: hold yourself thus with this device in the onset. When you come before the man set your right foot forward and stab him at his left side [so] that you have your thumb by your rondel.
+
Item: hold yourself thus with this device in the onset. When you come before the man set your right foot forward and stab him at his left side [so] '''that you have your thumb by your rondel.
  
 
If he should thus stab at you, and you stand with your right foot against him, so fall nimbly with your left hand on his dagger and wind it out of his hand, simultaneously stab him with your dagger in your right hand at his face.
 
If he should thus stab at you, and you stand with your right foot against him, so fall nimbly with your left hand on his dagger and wind it out of his hand, simultaneously stab him with your dagger in your right hand at his face.
  
If he has thus taken your dagger and stabs at your face, so set your right foot between both his legs and grip with your left hand in front on his right and with the right hand under his right arm pit through there to his right arm. Immediately turn your shoulder well under his arm so you will break off the arm on [over] your shoulder.
+
If he has thus taken your dagger and stabs at your face, so set your right foot between both his legs and grip with your left hand in front on his right and with the right hand under his right arm pit through there to his right arm. Immediately turn your shoulder well under his arm so you will break off the arm on [over] '''your shoulder.
  
If he has thus seized you and desires to break your arm, so stab him with the dagger in your left hand - which you have taken from him - strongly to his face so he must release you. Immediately let your dagger<ref>The one in the left hand?</ref> fall and set your left foot behind his right and grip him with your left hand around his neck so you will throw him over that same leg. And [so] all his work is countered.
+
If he has thus seized you and desires to break your arm, so stab him with the dagger in your left hand - which you have taken from him - strongly to his face so he must release you. Immediately let your dagger<ref>The one in the left hand?</ref> fall and set your left foot behind his right and grip him with your left hand around his neck so you will throw him over that same leg. And [so] '''all his work is countered.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|021r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|021r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 229r.jpg|German|lbl=229r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 229r.jpg|German|lbl=229r}}
Line 9,054: Line 9,054:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 38.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 38.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[38] A throw against a face thrust'''
+
[38] '''A throw against a face thrust'''
  
 
Item: wind yourself in with stabs and thrusts in the onset against the man.
 
Item: wind yourself in with stabs and thrusts in the onset against the man.
Line 9,075: Line 9,075:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 39.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 39.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[39] A turner with a throw'''
+
[39] '''A turner with a throw'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. Stand with your right foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb by the rondel, and stab him at his right side.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. Stand with your right foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb by the rondel, and stab him at his right side.
  
If he then thus stands against you with his left foot forward, the dagger on [above] his left knee, the point against the man, so go out with your dagger and take that away from him on your right side.
+
If he then thus stands against you with his left foot forward, the dagger on [above] '''his left knee, the point against the man, so go out with your dagger and take that away from him on your right side.
  
 
If he takes that away from you, so step with your left leg between both his legs. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand his right arm and with the right at his left turn him therewith away from you. Immediately grab with your right hand nimbly below at his right arm, the left around his neck, thus you break his arm or you throw him over your left leg.
 
If he takes that away from you, so step with your left leg between both his legs. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand his right arm and with the right at his left turn him therewith away from you. Immediately grab with your right hand nimbly below at his right arm, the left around his neck, thus you break his arm or you throw him over your left leg.
Line 9,092: Line 9,092:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 40.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 40.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[40] A throw'''
+
[40] '''A throw'''
  
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device to [about] the throw. Stand with your left foot forward and set yourself low in the Scales. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab him with both hands around his left leg in the hollow of the knee. Immediately follow in with your right foot and heave him well over himself.
+
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device to [about] '''the throw. Stand with your left foot forward and set yourself low in the Scales. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab him with both hands around his left leg in the hollow of the knee. Immediately follow in with your right foot and heave him well over himself.
  
 
If he has thus seized you and desires to throw you, so let your dagger nimbly fall and grab him with both arms on his chest in under the armpits. Immediately press his head under himself with your chest and set yourself well low in the Scales so you will throw him over his head out and away.
 
If he has thus seized you and desires to throw you, so let your dagger nimbly fall and grab him with both arms on his chest in under the armpits. Immediately press his head under himself with your chest and set yourself well low in the Scales so you will throw him over his head out and away.
Line 9,107: Line 9,107:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 41.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 41.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[41] An entry with an arm break'''
+
[41] '''An entry with an arm break'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in the onset. Stand with your left foot forward. If he then stands against you with his right foot forward, the dagger in the High against your face, the thumb on his pommel, and thrusts at you at your breast; so stab him simultaneously from outside against his right arm. Immediately wind your dagger over his arm and grab with your left hand in front on your point. Wind therewith the point over itself so you break his arm.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in the onset. Stand with your left foot forward. If he then stands against you with his right foot forward, the dagger in the High against your face, the thumb on his pommel, and thrusts at you at your breast; so stab him simultaneously from outside against his right arm. Immediately wind your dagger over his arm and grab with your left hand in front on your point. Wind therewith the point over itself so you break his arm.
Line 9,122: Line 9,122:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 42.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 42.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[42] A throw against a face thrust'''
+
[42] '''A throw against a face thrust'''
  
 
Item: hold yourself thus with this device. In the onset set your left foot forward and hold your dagger in your left hand.
 
Item: hold yourself thus with this device. In the onset set your left foot forward and hold your dagger in your left hand.
Line 9,137: Line 9,137:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 43.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 43.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[43] A throw out of the Shears'''
+
[43] '''A throw out of the Shears'''
  
Item: [first person starting in shears]<ref>Only in the Latin.</ref> Conduct yourself thus in the onset. Stand with your right foot forward and step well in to him in the bind. If he then also thus stands against you, with his right foot forward, and [he] binds simultaneously with you on the dagger, so step with your left leg in behind him and grab with your left hand at his right elbow. Turn him therewith away from you and with the right hand over his shoulder on his breast.
+
Item: [first person starting in shears]<ref>Only in the Latin.</ref> Conduct yourself thus in the onset. Stand with your right foot forward and step well in to him in the bind. If he then also thus stands against you, with his right foot forward, and [he] '''binds simultaneously with you on the dagger, so step with your left leg in behind him and grab with your left hand at his right elbow. Turn him therewith away from you and with the right hand over his shoulder on his breast.
  
 
If he has thus seized you for a throw, so stab between both your legs though at his genitals.
 
If he has thus seized you for a throw, so stab between both your legs though at his genitals.
Line 9,154: Line 9,154:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 44.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 44.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[44] How one should hold a thrown [man]'''
+
[44] '''How one should hold a thrown [man]'''
  
 
Item: when you come together with the onset and simultaneously with one another have bound on and have come to a throw so conduct yourself thus.
 
Item: when you come together with the onset and simultaneously with one another have bound on and have come to a throw so conduct yourself thus.
  
When you both have fallen so that his head comes between both your legs, immediately grab with your left hand between his genitals and with your right [hand] under his right armpit over his right arm so that his dagger lies over your arm, and kneel on his breast well by his neck so that you also trap his left hand with your leg. And if he strikes his right foot around the neck, so press him with your left hand at his genitals well under himself, so you hold him captive and he can do you no harm.
+
When you both have fallen so that his head comes between both your legs, immediately grab with your left hand between his genitals and with your right [hand] '''under his right armpit over his right arm so that his dagger lies over your arm, and kneel on his breast well by his neck so that you also trap his left hand with your leg. And if he strikes his right foot around the neck, so press him with your left hand at his genitals well under himself, so you hold him captive and he can do you no harm.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|024v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|024v|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 232v.jpg|German|lbl=232v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 232v.jpg|German|lbl=232v}}
Line 9,169: Line 9,169:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 45.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 45.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[45] A seizure from which a throw goes at the dagger'''
+
[45] '''A seizure from which a throw goes at the dagger'''
  
Item: Hold yourself thus in the approach. Stand with your right foot forward and hold the dagger in your right […] the point against the man. And step therewith with your left foot in with an over-stab so you have thrust at him in the face or the breast.
+
Item: Hold yourself thus in the approach. Stand with your right foot forward and hold the dagger in your right […] '''the point against the man. And step therewith with your left foot in with an over-stab so you have thrust at him in the face or the breast.
  
If he wishes thus to stab at you and you stand in the Scales [with your] right foot forward with crossed arms and hold the dagger outward [on] your arm. So step out of the Shears with you left foot into him and in the […] handily in under his left foot set [the] leg inward [to] bend the knee joint in at […] the point stands outwardly over itself and step in so that your left foot well on his right knee joint and you stand with your body well between his two feet. Immediately […] so heave him there with his foot over itself. And with your left hand grab him nimbly therewith at his throat and shove therewith well above from yourself and under by the foot heave well over itself [so] you throw him back.
+
If he wishes thus to stab at you and you stand in the Scales [with your] '''right foot forward with crossed arms and hold the dagger outward [on] '''your arm. So step out of the Shears with you left foot into him and in the […] '''handily in under his left foot set [the] '''leg inward [to] '''bend the knee joint in at […] '''the point stands outwardly over itself and step in so that your left foot well on his right knee joint and you stand with your body well between his two feet. Immediately […] '''so heave him there with his foot over itself. And with your left hand grab him nimbly therewith at his throat and shove therewith well above from yourself and under by the foot heave well over itself [so] '''you throw him back.
  
If he he thus seized you above and below, so grab with your left [hand] and inwardly on his arm and thrust therewith strongly under itself, and with the high stab [thrust] strongly at the face or the breast so you make yourself free from the throw.
+
If he he thus seized you above and below, so grab with your left [hand] '''and inwardly on his arm and thrust therewith strongly under itself, and with the high stab [thrust] '''strongly at the face or the breast so you make yourself free from the throw.
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 233r.jpg|German|lbl=233r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 233r.jpg|German|lbl=233r}}
Line 9,186: Line 9,186:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 46.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 46.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[46] Another throw at the dagger'''
+
[46] '''Another throw at the dagger'''
  
 
Item [stind?]: If you both come together in the onset so that your left foot stands forward and you stand in the lower Scales and you have your dagger in the right hand, so lay the dagger’s blade outside on your arm and hold thus your hand with the dagger next to your right leg in the guard [posture, stance].
 
Item [stind?]: If you both come together in the onset so that your left foot stands forward and you stand in the lower Scales and you have your dagger in the right hand, so lay the dagger’s blade outside on your arm and hold thus your hand with the dagger next to your right leg in the guard [posture, stance].
  
If he thus steps in front of you in the Scales and he stands with his [??lower??] [ge..nen] [ge..ch?] [tibia in Latin] leg upright in the high thrust the point turned against the man, so step with your left leg inwardly in front of his left and stab him therewith above at this face.
+
If he thus steps in front of you in the Scales and he stands with his [??lower??] '''[ge..nen] '''[ge..ch?] '''[tibia in Latin] '''leg upright in the high thrust the point turned against the man, so step with your left leg inwardly in front of his left and stab him therewith above at this face.
  
If he thus thrusts also at your face, so grab with your left hand on his right arm and immediately stab him inwardly under his left leg in through and heave therewith his leg well over itself and shove above with the left his right well over itself, so you bring him into disorder [schwerhe] [weakness, hardship, trouble, difficulty, vulnerability, out of balance] and to the throw.
+
If he thus thrusts also at your face, so grab with your left hand on his right arm and immediately stab him inwardly under his left leg in through and heave therewith his leg well over itself and shove above with the left his right well over itself, so you bring him into disorder [schwerhe] '''[weakness, hardship, trouble, difficulty, vulnerability, out of balance] '''and to the throw.
  
 
If he has thus seized you below and above and brought you into disorder, so fall nimbly with your left upper hand on his left shoulder in around his neck and tug therewith strongly to yourself so he must fall to the ground with you.
 
If he has thus seized you below and above and brought you into disorder, so fall nimbly with your left upper hand on his left shoulder in around his neck and tug therewith strongly to yourself so he must fall to the ground with you.
Line 9,207: Line 9,207:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 47.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 47.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[47] The lock with the dagger behind the throat at the neck'''
+
[47] '''The lock with the dagger behind the throat at the neck'''
  
Item: if you both stand with your left legs forward, upright before one another and you hold the dagger in your right hand, the thumb behind over the pommel, the man in the High [stance or guard] to a high stab, the point turned [against]<ref>Possible abbreviation of gegen – geg.</ref> the [man], so stab him from above at his face, and step therewith with your right leg into him so the [???] stab goes in powerfully.
+
Item: if you both stand with your left legs forward, upright before one another and you hold the dagger in your right hand, the thumb behind over the pommel, the man in the High [stance or guard] '''to a high stab, the point turned [against]<ref>Possible abbreviation of gegen – geg.</ref> the [man], so stab him from above at his face, and step therewith with your right leg into him so the [???] '''stab goes in powerfully.
  
If he stabs thus at you and you stand with your left leg forward upright with the body and hold your dagger by the grip in the right hand so grab with the left hand well forward on your blade. Wind that in and go with upright arms in against his stab and take it away on your blade between both your hands and step therewith with your right leg into him and in that same [action] so fall with your dagger and both hands over his head and hold the dagger by the point and grip strongly in both your hands and tug him therewith, bend his neck under itself to him so you may throw him.  
+
If he stabs thus at you and you stand with your left leg forward upright with the body and hold your dagger by the grip in the right hand so grab with the left hand well forward on your blade. Wind that in and go with upright arms in against his stab and take it away on your blade between both your hands and step therewith with your right leg into him and in that same [action] '''so fall with your dagger and both hands over his head and hold the dagger by the point and grip strongly in both your hands and tug him therewith, bend his neck under itself to him so you may throw him.  
  
If he has seized you above and pulled you thus under yourself in front of yourself so twist your right arm and stab from above behind [immediately or in forward] on his left arm and grab therewith with your left inward well in front on the arm by his hand and shove therewith strongly on the side from you and in that so wind yourself with your body from your left side on your right well under through so you wind yourself thus [away] from him.
+
If he has seized you above and pulled you thus under yourself in front of yourself so twist your right arm and stab from above behind [immediately or in forward] '''on his left arm and grab therewith with your left inward well in front on the arm by his hand and shove therewith strongly on the side from you and in that so wind yourself with your body from your left side on your right well under through so you wind yourself thus [away] '''from him.
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 234r.jpg|German|lbl=234r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 234r.jpg|German|lbl=234r}}
Line 9,224: Line 9,224:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 48.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 48.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[48] A Throw at the Dagger'''
+
[48] '''A Throw at the Dagger'''
  
 
Item: If you stand with your right foot forward, and have placed yourself with the body under itself in the Scales, and lay your left arm over your right arm crosswise in front of your breast; hold the dagger in the Shears, in the right hand by the grip, the point turned over itself.
 
Item: If you stand with your right foot forward, and have placed yourself with the body under itself in the Scales, and lay your left arm over your right arm crosswise in front of your breast; hold the dagger in the Shears, in the right hand by the grip, the point turned over itself.
Line 9,241: Line 9,241:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 49.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 49.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[49] A forcing-in from both to set aside'''
+
[49] '''A forcing-in from both to set aside'''
  
Item: If one meets you thus in the onset, and you stand with your left foot forward, and he stabs you thus at the body, so step with your left foot against him and grab in nimbly with your left hand at his right arm, and push therewith strongly under itself, so you take away his stab. If he then thus takes away your stab, so spring with your right behind his left foot and stab him [in that] nimbly at his face; so that you all can also work at one another.
+
Item: If one meets you thus in the onset, and you stand with your left foot forward, and he stabs you thus at the body, so step with your left foot against him and grab in nimbly with your left hand at his right arm, and push therewith strongly under itself, so you take away his stab. If he then thus takes away your stab, so spring with your right behind his left foot and stab him [in that] '''nimbly at his face; so that you all can also work at one another.
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 235r.jpg|German|lbl=235r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 235r.jpg|German|lbl=235r}}
Line 9,254: Line 9,254:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 50.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 50.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[50] An action with an arm break'''
+
[50] '''An action with an arm break'''
  
Item: if you all encounter each other thus in the onset, so step with your left behind his right foot and let your dagger fall and grab nimbly with your left hand on his right shoulder, and with your right hand by [at] the dagger push strongly upward from yourself and tug down to yourself so you may break his arm or throw.
+
Item: if you all encounter each other thus in the onset, so step with your left behind his right foot and let your dagger fall and grab nimbly with your left hand on his right shoulder, and with your right hand by [at] '''the dagger push strongly upward from yourself and tug down to yourself so you may break his arm or throw.
  
 
If he has thus seized you, so spring immediately nimbly with your left behind his right foot and grab with your left hand nimbly at his neck. So you will be free of the arm break and you work yourself away from him.
 
If he has thus seized you, so spring immediately nimbly with your left behind his right foot and grab with your left hand nimbly at his neck. So you will be free of the arm break and you work yourself away from him.
Line 9,269: Line 9,269:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 51.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 51.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[51] A setting aside with crossed arms'''
+
[51] '''A setting aside with crossed arms'''
  
Item: If you all meet each other thus in the onset, so step with your left foot forward, hold your left hand on top of your left leg with crossed [crosswise/aslant/bent] arms, your dagger well over your head in the High. Tear therewith well under itself.
+
Item: If you all meet each other thus in the onset, so step with your left foot forward, hold your left hand on top of your left leg with crossed [crosswise/aslant/bent] '''arms, your dagger well over your head in the High. Tear therewith well under itself.
  
 
If he encounters you thus, so step with your right foot forward and grab nimbly with your left at his right arm and step in with your foot and stab with your dagger in the High at his face.
 
If he encounters you thus, so step with your right foot forward and grab nimbly with your left at his right arm and step in with your foot and stab with your dagger in the High at his face.
Line 9,286: Line 9,286:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 52.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 52.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[52] A fast attack with both left arms'''
+
[52] '''A fast attack with both left arms'''
  
 
Item: If you encounter one another thus in the onset, spring with your right foot inwardly in front of his left and hold your dagger on the right side and with your left hand on his left shoulder so tug strongly therewith to you and stab him nimbly at his body.
 
Item: If you encounter one another thus in the onset, spring with your right foot inwardly in front of his left and hold your dagger on the right side and with your left hand on his left shoulder so tug strongly therewith to you and stab him nimbly at his body.
  
[If he belabors you thusly][If he works thus toward you] If he thus sets you up, so step immediately swiftly with your right in front of his left foot. And travel with your left arm well above itself at stab at him. [?] you to him [?] can. so you can become free of him.
+
[If he belabors you thusly][If he works thus toward you] '''If he thus sets you up, so step immediately swiftly with your right in front of his left foot. And travel with your left arm well above itself at stab at him. [?] '''you to him [?] '''can. so you can become free of him.
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 236v.jpg|German|lbl=236v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 236v.jpg|German|lbl=236v}}
Line 9,301: Line 9,301:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 53.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 53.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[53] A Throw'''
+
[53] '''A Throw'''
  
Item: If you encounter each other thus in the onset, so stand with your left foot forward and give yourself under itself well in the Scales and stab thus against him and travel with your left arm in front over his breast and pull him strongly to you and shove him [in] with right knee below [down] well in front of itself so that you torque [swing] him under yourself.
+
Item: If you encounter each other thus in the onset, so stand with your left foot forward and give yourself under itself well in the Scales and stab thus against him and travel with your left arm in front over his breast and pull him strongly to you and shove him [in] '''with right knee below [down] '''well in front of itself so that you torque [swing] '''him under yourself.
  
If he has you thus, so grab with your left [hand] inwardly at his right hand next to the dagger and press from above with your right his left arm well under itself so you save [defend] yourself from his stab.
+
If he has you thus, so grab with your left [hand] '''inwardly at his right hand next to the dagger and press from above with your right his left arm well under itself so you save [defend] '''yourself from his stab.
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 237r.jpg|German|lbl=237r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 237r.jpg|German|lbl=237r}}
Line 9,316: Line 9,316:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 54.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 54.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[54] A twisting in'''
+
[54] '''A twisting in'''
  
 
Item: if you all encounter each other in the onset, so stand with your left foot forward, let the dagger fall, and grab quickly with your right at his left hand and set your left hand on his right foot.
 
Item: if you all encounter each other in the onset, so stand with your left foot forward, let the dagger fall, and grab quickly with your right at his left hand and set your left hand on his right foot.
  
If he has then thus grabbed you by your arm, so twist [cross] your dagger in front on his right hand and spring with your right foot behind his left and twist the dagger thus strongly under itself so you can break the arm.
+
If he has then thus grabbed you by your arm, so twist [cross] '''your dagger in front on his right hand and spring with your right foot behind his left and twist the dagger thus strongly under itself so you can break the arm.
  
 
If he has thus caught you with the dagger, so step with your right in front of his right foot and travel with your left at the dagger pommel and twist yourself over it so you free yourself from the arm break.
 
If he has thus caught you with the dagger, so step with your right in front of his right foot and travel with your left at the dagger pommel and twist yourself over it so you free yourself from the arm break.
Line 9,333: Line 9,333:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 55.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 55.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[55] Two fierce stabs'''
+
[55] '''Two fierce stabs'''
  
 
Item: If you encounter each other thus in the device, so step with your right behind his right foot and stab with your right hand from below upwards at his throat and seize him with your left hand behind around his neck at the left shoulder.
 
Item: If you encounter each other thus in the device, so step with your right behind his right foot and stab with your right hand from below upwards at his throat and seize him with your left hand behind around his neck at the left shoulder.
  
If he has then thus set out [attacked], so step with your right outwardly behind his right foot and grab quickly with your left at his right hand at the dagger and push therewith under itself [down] and grab with your right arm under through his right [arm] and stab the dagger in his throat.
+
If he has then thus set out [attacked], so step with your right outwardly behind his right foot and grab quickly with your left at his right hand at the dagger and push therewith under itself [down] '''and grab with your right arm under through his right [arm] '''and stab the dagger in his throat.
  
 
If he thus stabs at you, so spring with your left behind his right foot and pull him by the left shoulder strongly to you so he has to give up from his stab and you move him under yourself.
 
If he thus stabs at you, so spring with your left behind his right foot and pull him by the left shoulder strongly to you so he has to give up from his stab and you move him under yourself.
Line 9,350: Line 9,350:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 56.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 56.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[56] An attack with a throw'''
+
[56] '''An attack with a throw'''
  
 
Item: If you encounter one another thus in the fighting so spring with your left inwardly between his two feet, let the dagger fall and grab nimbly with your right hand at his right elbow, and travel with your left hand forward around his neck and grasp him on his left shoulder and pull above strongly toward yourself so you throw him in front of the leg.
 
Item: If you encounter one another thus in the fighting so spring with your left inwardly between his two feet, let the dagger fall and grab nimbly with your right hand at his right elbow, and travel with your left hand forward around his neck and grasp him on his left shoulder and pull above strongly toward yourself so you throw him in front of the leg.
Line 9,365: Line 9,365:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 57.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 57.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[57] A winding in from both participants'''
+
[57] '''A winding in from both participants'''
  
 
Item: If you encounter one another thus in the onset, so step with your left behind the right foot and stab him upward from below between his two crossed arms with the dagger and grab quickly with your left hand in front on the point of the dagger and push strongly toward yourself below and away from yourself above.  
 
Item: If you encounter one another thus in the onset, so step with your left behind the right foot and stab him upward from below between his two crossed arms with the dagger and grab quickly with your left hand in front on the point of the dagger and push strongly toward yourself below and away from yourself above.  
  
If he has thus immobilized [gespert] you, so travel with your right hand and dagger in front over [across] the breast and around the neck up [to] his right side and grab with your left hand at the point of the dagger and pull therewith strongly towards you.
+
If he has thus immobilized [gespert] '''you, so travel with your right hand and dagger in front over [across] '''the breast and around the neck up [to] '''his right side and grab with your left hand at the point of the dagger and pull therewith strongly towards you.
  
If he has thus seized you, so spring with your right foot into [the] triangle and give [set] yourself with your entire body under itself into the Scales so you all come free of each other.
+
If he has thus seized you, so spring with your right foot into [the] '''triangle and give [set] '''yourself with your entire body under itself into the Scales so you all come free of each other.
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 239r.jpg|German|lbl=239r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 239r.jpg|German|lbl=239r}}
Line 9,382: Line 9,382:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 58.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 58.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[58] An inverted binding-on'''
+
[58] '''An inverted binding-on'''
  
 
Item: if you encounter one another thus in the onset, so stand with your left foot forward and set the dagger below at his right hand and your left hand behind his right elbow. Force above and below from you.  
 
Item: if you encounter one another thus in the onset, so stand with your left foot forward and set the dagger below at his right hand and your left hand behind his right elbow. Force above and below from you.  
If he has thus attacked you, so step with your left foot back into the triangle so both of you can come again to free working [free running, free action] [unobstructed action].
+
If he has thus attacked you, so step with your left foot back into the triangle so both of you can come again to free working [free running, free action] '''[unobstructed action].
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 239v.jpg|German|lbl=239v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 239v.jpg|German|lbl=239v}}
Line 9,396: Line 9,396:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 59.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 59.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[59] A forcing-in with both hands'''
+
[59] '''A forcing-in with both hands'''
  
 
Item: Conduct yourself thus in this onset; stand with your left foot forward, take the dagger in both hands and stab from above at him strongly at the face.
 
Item: Conduct yourself thus in this onset; stand with your left foot forward, take the dagger in both hands and stab from above at him strongly at the face.
Line 9,411: Line 9,411:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 60.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 60.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[60] A stab against a falling-in'''
+
[60] '''A stab against a falling-in'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. Stand with your right foot forward, travel from below up with both arms and let the dagger sink on the right arm and set off his stab with strength. Immediately travel to him quickly with your right hand behind his neck on the right side and grab through with your left hand under between his two arms and clutch the point of the dagger; tug therewith strongly under him.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. Stand with your right foot forward, travel from below up with both arms and let the dagger sink on the right arm and set off his stab with strength. Immediately travel to him quickly with your right hand behind his neck on the right side and grab through with your left hand under between his two arms and clutch the point of the dagger; tug therewith strongly under him.
  
If he has thus seized you, so step with your right foot inwardly [inside of] his right foot and fall to him with both hands on his two arms; push him strongly on the side so you throw him under yourself.
+
If he has thus seized you, so step with your right foot inwardly [inside of] '''his right foot and fall to him with both hands on his two arms; push him strongly on the side so you throw him under yourself.
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 240v.jpg|German|lbl=240v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 240v.jpg|German|lbl=240v}}
Line 9,426: Line 9,426:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 61.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 61.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[61] An attack on both elbows'''
+
[61] '''An attack on both elbows'''
  
Item: Conduct yourself thus in this onset. Step with your left foot inwardly infront of his left foot and let the dagger fall, and grab with your right [sic] right hand at his left elbow and with the left hand at his right elbow; shove him therewith well in front of himself so you will become free of the grip with the dagger.
+
Item: Conduct yourself thus in this onset. Step with your left foot inwardly infront of his left foot and let the dagger fall, and grab with your right [sic] '''right hand at his left elbow and with the left hand at his right elbow; shove him therewith well in front of himself so you will become free of the grip with the dagger.
  
 
If he thus wants to make himself, free so stab him from above at the face, and travel fully in, stab him with the dagger at his right side around the neck, and travel with your left hand in front under through and seize the point of the dagger, spring with your right behind with his right foot and tug therewith strongly from above down to you, so you throw him in front of your right foot.
 
If he thus wants to make himself, free so stab him from above at the face, and travel fully in, stab him with the dagger at his right side around the neck, and travel with your left hand in front under through and seize the point of the dagger, spring with your right behind with his right foot and tug therewith strongly from above down to you, so you throw him in front of your right foot.
Line 9,441: Line 9,441:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 62.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 62.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[62] Against a stab a tearing-down'''
+
[62] '''Against a stab a tearing-down'''
  
 
Item: Conduct yourself thus in this device. Step with your left foot forward and stab with your right hand at his body.
 
Item: Conduct yourself thus in this device. Step with your left foot forward and stab with your right hand at his body.
Line 9,456: Line 9,456:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 63.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 63.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[63] A free position'''
+
[63] '''A free position'''
  
 
Item: Conduct yourself thus in this device. Stand with your left foot forward and put your dagger with your right hand on your left knee under itself and with your left arm through under the right in front of your chest. Step with your right inwardly in front of his right foot and spring therewith in triangle and stab him at the face.
 
Item: Conduct yourself thus in this device. Stand with your left foot forward and put your dagger with your right hand on your left knee under itself and with your left arm through under the right in front of your chest. Step with your right inwardly in front of his right foot and spring therewith in triangle and stab him at the face.
Line 9,471: Line 9,471:
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 64.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair dagger 64.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[64] An upright position of both sides'''
+
[64] '''An upright position of both sides'''
  
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. Stand upright with equal feet and go with your right arm in the High and angle the dagger below itself. Immediately, step with your right foot forward and thrust at his face and grab with your left at this right hand.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. Stand upright with equal feet and go with your right arm in the High and angle the dagger below itself. Immediately, step with your right foot forward and thrust at his face and grab with your left at this right hand.
Line 9,489: Line 9,489:
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Version]]</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 9,499: Line 9,499:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 16.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 16.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[65] How One Shall Hold Down a Thrown Opponent'''
+
[65] '''How One Shall Hold Down a Thrown Opponent'''
  
 
When you go to the man upright in the wrestling with arms crossed in the scissors, then step in to him with your left leg and, out of the scissors, grab over and around his body with your left hand, and inside and around his left leg with your inverted right hand. Lift high upwards with your right while pushing away from you above toward your left side. Thus, you throw him over your left hip. If you have thrown him like this, then fall with your right leg between both of his by his crotch. With your left knee, kneel upon the muscle of his right arm, and grasp the muscle of his left arm with your right hand. Thus you are able to hold him down so that he cannot get away or free himself from you. As you do this, you may be able to stab him in the eyes or face with a dagger in your left hand. Or you may be able to throw dirt or sand in his face and deal with him as you wish.
 
When you go to the man upright in the wrestling with arms crossed in the scissors, then step in to him with your left leg and, out of the scissors, grab over and around his body with your left hand, and inside and around his left leg with your inverted right hand. Lift high upwards with your right while pushing away from you above toward your left side. Thus, you throw him over your left hip. If you have thrown him like this, then fall with your right leg between both of his by his crotch. With your left knee, kneel upon the muscle of his right arm, and grasp the muscle of his left arm with your right hand. Thus you are able to hold him down so that he cannot get away or free himself from you. As you do this, you may be able to stab him in the eyes or face with a dagger in your left hand. Or you may be able to throw dirt or sand in his face and deal with him as you wish.
Line 9,512: Line 9,512:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 27.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 27.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[66] A Catch against a Thrust'''
+
[66] '''A Catch against a Thrust'''
  
 
If your adversary is going in toward you, and he brings a high thrust with his dagger against you, then step in with your right leg and take his thrust away with the cross of your dagger on your left side. Now quickly let your dagger fall and take hold of him with your left hand inside on his right arm close to his hand and your right hand on the front left side of his neck. Next, quickly hit him in the ankle with your left foot around his right, pulling that strongly towards you; push him strongly away from you above. Thus, you throw him backwards.
 
If your adversary is going in toward you, and he brings a high thrust with his dagger against you, then step in with your right leg and take his thrust away with the cross of your dagger on your left side. Now quickly let your dagger fall and take hold of him with your left hand inside on his right arm close to his hand and your right hand on the front left side of his neck. Next, quickly hit him in the ankle with your left foot around his right, pulling that strongly towards you; push him strongly away from you above. Thus, you throw him backwards.
Line 9,525: Line 9,525:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 28.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 28.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[67] Stripping a Dagger, Which Comes from a Grapple'''
+
[67] '''Stripping a Dagger, Which Comes from a Grapple'''
  
 
Follow this piece like so: Step in with your left leg and stab toward his face or chest from above with your dagger. If he goes to you like this with a thrust, and you are standing with your left leg toward him, then follow in after with your right leg and go to his dagger with your dagger’s cross, taking away his thrust on your left side. If he has taken away your thrust like this, then reach your left hand under and through your right arm and catch his dagger by the point. Pull strongly downwards so that he must give the dagger to you. If he has stripped your dagger like this and wishes to skewer you, then fall upon the inside of his right arm with your left hand and push that down hard so that you take away his thrust. In the same instant fall to his throat with your right hand. If he wants to pounce upon you like this, then grab him under his right elbow with your left hand and lift upwards so that you take away his strike. Now hit him in the ankle with your right foot around his left and pull strongly with it towards you; push strongly away from you above so that you throw him backwards.
 
Follow this piece like so: Step in with your left leg and stab toward his face or chest from above with your dagger. If he goes to you like this with a thrust, and you are standing with your left leg toward him, then follow in after with your right leg and go to his dagger with your dagger’s cross, taking away his thrust on your left side. If he has taken away your thrust like this, then reach your left hand under and through your right arm and catch his dagger by the point. Pull strongly downwards so that he must give the dagger to you. If he has stripped your dagger like this and wishes to skewer you, then fall upon the inside of his right arm with your left hand and push that down hard so that you take away his thrust. In the same instant fall to his throat with your right hand. If he wants to pounce upon you like this, then grab him under his right elbow with your left hand and lift upwards so that you take away his strike. Now hit him in the ankle with your right foot around his left and pull strongly with it towards you; push strongly away from you above so that you throw him backwards.
Line 9,538: Line 9,538:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 29.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 29.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[68] A Grapple that Proceeds Out of a Reverse'''
+
[68] '''A Grapple that Proceeds Out of a Reverse'''
  
 
Since you both have gone against one another with high thrusts and have mutually wrenched each other’s daggers away, conduct yourself like so: Step with in toward him with your right leg and grab his right hand with your left. Twist his arm around as you turn yourself around so that you bring his right arm upon your left shoulder. In the same instant, grab him with your right hand all the way through between both of his thighs. Lift him forcefully upward and pull forward on his right arm. Thus, you carry him wherever you wish him to go, and you are also able to break his arm.
 
Since you both have gone against one another with high thrusts and have mutually wrenched each other’s daggers away, conduct yourself like so: Step with in toward him with your right leg and grab his right hand with your left. Twist his arm around as you turn yourself around so that you bring his right arm upon your left shoulder. In the same instant, grab him with your right hand all the way through between both of his thighs. Lift him forcefully upward and pull forward on his right arm. Thus, you carry him wherever you wish him to go, and you are also able to break his arm.
Line 9,551: Line 9,551:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 30.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 30.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[69] Another Grapple out of the Dagger'''
+
[69] '''Another Grapple out of the Dagger'''
  
 
Hold yourself like so in this piece in the approach: Step in with your left leg and stab him with a high thrust toward his face. If he stabs at you like this, then take it away with the cross of your dagger of your left side. At the same moment, grab the point of his dagger from below, with your left hand over your right arm, and turn it downwards so that he must give it to you. If he has wrenched away your dagger like this, then grab his right hand with your left hand inside and close by his hand while you duck your head down low so that you bring his right arm solidly upon your left shoulder. In the same moment, go inside between both of his legs by his nuts with your right hand. Lift strongly upwards while you pull his arm downwards toward you, thus you are able to throw him or carry him wherever you wish.
 
Hold yourself like so in this piece in the approach: Step in with your left leg and stab him with a high thrust toward his face. If he stabs at you like this, then take it away with the cross of your dagger of your left side. At the same moment, grab the point of his dagger from below, with your left hand over your right arm, and turn it downwards so that he must give it to you. If he has wrenched away your dagger like this, then grab his right hand with your left hand inside and close by his hand while you duck your head down low so that you bring his right arm solidly upon your left shoulder. In the same moment, go inside between both of his legs by his nuts with your right hand. Lift strongly upwards while you pull his arm downwards toward you, thus you are able to throw him or carry him wherever you wish.
Line 9,564: Line 9,564:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 31.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 31.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[70] A Reverse with a Throw'''
+
[70] '''A Reverse with a Throw'''
  
 
Present yourself with the approach like so in this piece: Step in with your right leg and stab at his face or chest with a high thrust. If he stabs from above at you like this, then put the cross of your dagger upon his dagger and take away his thrust. Now, wind out from below on top of his dagger. Once you have wound his dagger away, then grab him by the left arm, going inside with your inverted left hand close by his hand. Next, turn yourself so that you bring his left arm firmly upon your right shoulder and stab back into his privates with your dagger in your right hand. If he stabs at you like this, then fall upon his right arm with your right hand close by his hand. Pull that strongly to you and with your left arm which he has taken hold of you, push strongly away from you on your left side. Thus you throw him backwards over your left leg.
 
Present yourself with the approach like so in this piece: Step in with your right leg and stab at his face or chest with a high thrust. If he stabs from above at you like this, then put the cross of your dagger upon his dagger and take away his thrust. Now, wind out from below on top of his dagger. Once you have wound his dagger away, then grab him by the left arm, going inside with your inverted left hand close by his hand. Next, turn yourself so that you bring his left arm firmly upon your right shoulder and stab back into his privates with your dagger in your right hand. If he stabs at you like this, then fall upon his right arm with your right hand close by his hand. Pull that strongly to you and with your left arm which he has taken hold of you, push strongly away from you on your left side. Thus you throw him backwards over your left leg.
Line 9,577: Line 9,577:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 32.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 32.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[71] One More Throw'''
+
[71] '''One More Throw'''
  
 
Present yourself like this in this piece from the approach: Step in there with your right leg and stab him with a high thrust to his face or chest. If he thrusts from above at you like this, and you are also standing in a high thrust against him, then take the thrust away to your left side with the cross of your dagger. In the same moment, grab his right arm from below with your left hand close by his hand. If he then wants to grab you with his left hand upon your right, then allow your dagger to fall and seize his left hand with your right. In that moment, settle yourself very low in the scales with your body and kick him in the stomach with your left leg as you lower yourself to fall over backwards. As you fall, come to the help of your left leg with your right. Thus, you fling him over yourself using both your legs.
 
Present yourself like this in this piece from the approach: Step in there with your right leg and stab him with a high thrust to his face or chest. If he thrusts from above at you like this, and you are also standing in a high thrust against him, then take the thrust away to your left side with the cross of your dagger. In the same moment, grab his right arm from below with your left hand close by his hand. If he then wants to grab you with his left hand upon your right, then allow your dagger to fall and seize his left hand with your right. In that moment, settle yourself very low in the scales with your body and kick him in the stomach with your left leg as you lower yourself to fall over backwards. As you fall, come to the help of your left leg with your right. Thus, you fling him over yourself using both your legs.
Line 9,598: Line 9,598:
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 9,608: Line 9,608:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[1] A High Thrust against a Low Thrust with the Rappier'''
+
[1] '''A High Thrust against a Low Thrust with the Rappier'''
  
 
It happens like this in this technique: hold your Rappier in your right hand in front of your forward leg in a low thrust position directed towards his groin. He then stands with his left foot opposite you and thrusts towards your face at the upper opening (as in illustration). Then drive up with your Rappier out of the low thrust position, fall over his Rappier and with that take away his thrust to your left side with your short edge. Then immediately step with your left leg in the triangle on your right side and strike to his forward leg.
 
It happens like this in this technique: hold your Rappier in your right hand in front of your forward leg in a low thrust position directed towards his groin. He then stands with his left foot opposite you and thrusts towards your face at the upper opening (as in illustration). Then drive up with your Rappier out of the low thrust position, fall over his Rappier and with that take away his thrust to your left side with your short edge. Then immediately step with your left leg in the triangle on your right side and strike to his forward leg.
Line 9,623: Line 9,623:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[2] An Understich against an Oberhaw'''
+
[2] '''An Understich against an Oberhaw'''
  
 
Hold yourself like this with this technique: stand with your left foot forward and hold your Rappier in an Understich (low thrust position) opposite the opponent on your right side with the blade along your left thigh. He then stands with his right foot opposite you and strikes from above to your head. Then drive up with your Rappier out of the low thrust position and with that fall over his Rappier to take away his strike to your left side with your short edge. Then immediately follow outward with your right leg and do an extended strike from above to his head.
 
Hold yourself like this with this technique: stand with your left foot forward and hold your Rappier in an Understich (low thrust position) opposite the opponent on your right side with the blade along your left thigh. He then stands with his right foot opposite you and strikes from above to your head. Then drive up with your Rappier out of the low thrust position and with that fall over his Rappier to take away his strike to your left side with your short edge. Then immediately follow outward with your right leg and do an extended strike from above to his head.
Line 9,638: Line 9,638:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[3] An Understich against a Zornhaw (wrath strike)'''
+
[3] '''An Understich against a Zornhaw (wrath strike)'''
  
 
It happens like this with this technique at the closing: he stands with his right foot forward and holds his Rappier with his right hand outside of his right leg. You then stand opposite him with both feet together and hold your Rappier up high in the Zornhaw over your head (as in illustration). He thinks you will then strike him wrathfully from above, but step in with your right leg and wind with a Verborgnen Stich (concealed thrust) behind your head and forward from your right side to your left into his face with a Nachtruck (after-press).
 
It happens like this with this technique at the closing: he stands with his right foot forward and holds his Rappier with his right hand outside of his right leg. You then stand opposite him with both feet together and hold your Rappier up high in the Zornhaw over your head (as in illustration). He thinks you will then strike him wrathfully from above, but step in with your right leg and wind with a Verborgnen Stich (concealed thrust) behind your head and forward from your right side to your left into his face with a Nachtruck (after-press).
Line 9,653: Line 9,653:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[4] An Underhaw against a High Thrust'''  
+
[4] '''An Underhaw against a High Thrust'''  
  
 
Hold yourself like this with this technique at the closing: stand with your left foot forward and hold your Rappier in an Underhaw outside next to your left thigh. He then stands with his right foot opposite you and fires a high thrust towards your face or chest (as in illustration). Then go up with your Rappier out of the Underhaw and take his thrust away with your long edge and at the same time follow outward with your right leg and strike to his head. Then immediately step with your right leg behind your left in the triangle and wind a thrust towards him from your left to his right side.
 
Hold yourself like this with this technique at the closing: stand with your left foot forward and hold your Rappier in an Underhaw outside next to your left thigh. He then stands with his right foot opposite you and fires a high thrust towards your face or chest (as in illustration). Then go up with your Rappier out of the Underhaw and take his thrust away with your long edge and at the same time follow outward with your right leg and strike to his head. Then immediately step with your right leg behind your left in the triangle and wind a thrust towards him from your left to his right side.
Line 9,668: Line 9,668:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[5] The Winding Thrust with a Concealed Point against an Abnemen'''
+
[5] '''The Winding Thrust with a Concealed Point against an Abnemen'''
  
 
It happens like this with this technique at the closing: step in with your left leg and thrust with an extended arm behind your head forward to his face. (Verborgnen Stich/Ort:  Concealed Thrust/Point)
 
It happens like this with this technique at the closing: step in with your left leg and thrust with an extended arm behind your head forward to his face. (Verborgnen Stich/Ort:  Concealed Thrust/Point)
Line 9,687: Line 9,687:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[6] One High Thrust against Another'''
+
[6] '''One High Thrust against Another'''
  
 
Hold yourself like this with this technique at the closing: stand with your right foot forward and hold your Rappier high in your right hand extended over your head with the point directed at his face.
 
Hold yourself like this with this technique at the closing: stand with your right foot forward and hold your Rappier high in your right hand extended over your head with the point directed at his face.
Line 9,706: Line 9,706:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[7] Falling Over with a Krumb against a Thrust'''
+
[7] '''Falling Over with a Krumb against a Thrust'''
  
 
It happens like this with this technique at the closing: stand with your right foot forward and fire a long winding thrust from below to his throat.
 
It happens like this with this technique at the closing: stand with your right foot forward and fire a long winding thrust from below to his throat.
Line 9,723: Line 9,723:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[8] The Concealed Thrust against a Winding Thrust from Below'''
+
[8] '''The Concealed Thrust against a Winding Thrust from Below'''
  
 
Hold yourself like this with this technique at the closing: stand with your right foot forward and fire a long winding thrust from below to his body.
 
Hold yourself like this with this technique at the closing: stand with your right foot forward and fire a long winding thrust from below to his body.
Line 9,746: Line 9,746:
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 9,756: Line 9,756:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[1] A Strike from above against a Parry with Rappier and Dagger'''  
+
[1] '''A Strike from above against a Parry with Rappier and Dagger'''  
  
 
It happens like this with this technique at the closing: stand with your left foot opposite him and hold your Dagger in your left hand on your left hip with the point towards the opponent. Then immediately strike towards his head with the long edge of your Rappier.
 
It happens like this with this technique at the closing: stand with your left foot opposite him and hold your Dagger in your left hand on your left hip with the point towards the opponent. Then immediately strike towards his head with the long edge of your Rappier.
Line 9,773: Line 9,773:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[2] A Powerful Thrust from Above and Below'''
+
[2] '''A Powerful Thrust from Above and Below'''
  
 
Hold yourself like this at the closing with this technique: step in with your right leg and do a powerful low thrust to his groin with your Rappier.   
 
Hold yourself like this at the closing with this technique: step in with your right leg and do a powerful low thrust to his groin with your Rappier.   
Line 9,794: Line 9,794:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 11.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 11.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[3] A Low Thrust against an Oberhaw'''
+
[3] '''A Low Thrust against an Oberhaw'''
  
 
It happens like this at the closing with this technique: he stands opposite you with his right foot and fires an Oberhaw at you. So step in with your left leg opposite him and set this aside with your Dagger and Rappier blades crosswise in the Scheer (scissors) (as in illustration). Then immediately yank your Rappier up away from his Rappier’s blade and thrust low to his body.
 
It happens like this at the closing with this technique: he stands opposite you with his right foot and fires an Oberhaw at you. So step in with your left leg opposite him and set this aside with your Dagger and Rappier blades crosswise in the Scheer (scissors) (as in illustration). Then immediately yank your Rappier up away from his Rappier’s blade and thrust low to his body.
Line 9,811: Line 9,811:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 12.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 12.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[4] Two other Techniques with Free Dagger and Rappier'''
+
[4] '''Two other Techniques with Free Dagger and Rappier'''
  
 
Hold yourself like this with this technique: grasp your Dagger in the left hand and your Rappier in the right and step in with your left leg to immediately strike with your strong to his head and with your Dagger thrust over his right arm to his body.
 
Hold yourself like this with this technique: grasp your Dagger in the left hand and your Rappier in the right and step in with your left leg to immediately strike with your strong to his head and with your Dagger thrust over his right arm to his body.
Line 9,828: Line 9,828:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 13.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 13.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[5] A Thrust from Below against One from Above'''
+
[5] '''A Thrust from Below against One from Above'''
  
 
It happens like this at the closing with this technique: step in opposite him with your left leg and wind a Rappier thrust from below with strength to his body.
 
It happens like this at the closing with this technique: step in opposite him with your left leg and wind a Rappier thrust from below with strength to his body.
Line 9,849: Line 9,849:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 14.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 14.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[6] A Thrust from Below against an Oberhaw'''
+
[6] '''A Thrust from Below against an Oberhaw'''
  
 
Hold yourself like this with this technique at the closing: step in opposite him with your right leg and fire a low thrust with your Rappier to his body.
 
Hold yourself like this with this technique at the closing: step in opposite him with your right leg and fire a low thrust with your Rappier to his body.
Line 9,867: Line 9,867:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 15.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 15.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[7] A  High Thrust with the Dagger and Rappier Abnemen (parry)'''  
+
[7] '''A  High Thrust with the Dagger and Rappier Abnemen (parry)'''  
  
 
It happens like this with this technique at the closing:  step in opposite him with your right leg and hold your Dagger in your left hand behind your body and at the same time wind the Concealed Point from your right side to your left behind your head forward to his face or chest.
 
It happens like this with this technique at the closing:  step in opposite him with your right leg and hold your Dagger in your left hand behind your body and at the same time wind the Concealed Point from your right side to your left behind your head forward to his face or chest.
Line 9,884: Line 9,884:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 16.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 16.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[8] The Mordwurff (Fatal Throw) against a Thrust'''
+
[8] '''The Mordwurff (Fatal Throw) against a Thrust'''
  
 
Hold yourself like this with this technique: stand with your right foot opposite him and hold your Dagger with your left hand behind your body. He then also stands with his right foot opposite you and fires a high thrust out of the Bogen towards your face or chest. So drive up with your Rappier onto his Rappier’s blade, and with that take his high thrust away to your left side. Then immediately you will strike him similarly from above so that he must parry high with his Dagger. You then thrust to the opening on his body. Then yank your Dagger forward with your left hand such that the pommel stands on the ball (of the thumb) and the fingers directly on the hilt. Then immediately throw your Dagger with strength at his body (as in illustration). Thus you throw him to the ground.
 
Hold yourself like this with this technique: stand with your right foot opposite him and hold your Dagger with your left hand behind your body. He then also stands with his right foot opposite you and fires a high thrust out of the Bogen towards your face or chest. So drive up with your Rappier onto his Rappier’s blade, and with that take his high thrust away to your left side. Then immediately you will strike him similarly from above so that he must parry high with his Dagger. You then thrust to the opening on his body. Then yank your Dagger forward with your left hand such that the pommel stands on the ball (of the thumb) and the fingers directly on the hilt. Then immediately throw your Dagger with strength at his body (as in illustration). Thus you throw him to the ground.
Line 9,900: Line 9,900:
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Version]]</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/> by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/> by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 9,910: Line 9,910:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 23.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 23.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[9] A High Thrust against a High Cut Taken Away with the Dagger'''
+
[9] '''A High Thrust against a High Cut Taken Away with the Dagger'''
  
 
Present yourself like so in this approach: Step in toward the man with your right leg and cut to his head with a high cut using the long edge. If he cuts at you like this, and you stand with your left leg toward him, then go up with your dagger in the parrying and parry his cut on your left side. In the same moment, step in with your right leg and stab him from above to his face with your rapier. If he thrusts at you from above like this, then go to his rapier blade with your dagger from inside and wind with your cross to your left side. Thus you block him and take his thrust away. In the same moment quickly pull your rapier and stab him in the face or in the chest.
 
Present yourself like so in this approach: Step in toward the man with your right leg and cut to his head with a high cut using the long edge. If he cuts at you like this, and you stand with your left leg toward him, then go up with your dagger in the parrying and parry his cut on your left side. In the same moment, step in with your right leg and stab him from above to his face with your rapier. If he thrusts at you from above like this, then go to his rapier blade with your dagger from inside and wind with your cross to your left side. Thus you block him and take his thrust away. In the same moment quickly pull your rapier and stab him in the face or in the chest.
Line 9,923: Line 9,923:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 24.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 24.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[10] Thrusts with Rapier and Dagger'''
+
[10] '''Thrusts with Rapier and Dagger'''
  
 
Follow like so with this piece in the approach: If you stand with your left foot toward him and he thrusts at you with his rapier to your chest, then take that away with your rapier from your left side on his right side. In the same moment, step in with your right leg and stab him in his nuts with your dagger. If he is thrusting low at you like this, then fall upon his dagger with the cross of your dagger and push it down away from you on your right side and take it away. In the same moment, pull your rapier above to you and quickly stab him in the face. If he thrusts at you like this, then wind your rapier over his on your right side, taking his thrust away. In the same moment, jump to his right side in a triangle and stab him with your rapier to his face or chest.
 
Follow like so with this piece in the approach: If you stand with your left foot toward him and he thrusts at you with his rapier to your chest, then take that away with your rapier from your left side on his right side. In the same moment, step in with your right leg and stab him in his nuts with your dagger. If he is thrusting low at you like this, then fall upon his dagger with the cross of your dagger and push it down away from you on your right side and take it away. In the same moment, pull your rapier above to you and quickly stab him in the face. If he thrusts at you like this, then wind your rapier over his on your right side, taking his thrust away. In the same moment, jump to his right side in a triangle and stab him with your rapier to his face or chest.
Line 9,936: Line 9,936:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 25.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 25.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[11] A High and a Low Thrust'''
+
[11] '''A High and a Low Thrust'''
  
 
Conduct yourself like so in this piece with the approach: Step in toward him with your left leg and thrust toward his face or chest with your dagger. If he thrusts at you like this, and you are coming with your left leg forward in the approach, then go up with your rondel in your left hand and take away his dagger thrust on your left side. In that moment, step in there with your right leg and thrust from above to his face or chest with your rapier. If he thrusts at you like this, then go up from below with your rapier to his rapier blade and take it away to your left side. In that moment, turn your rapier to his face over his rondel. If he winds at you like this, then take it away to your left side with your rondel. In that moment, pull your rapier above you and stab down to his nuts. If he thrusts low at you like this, then set him aside with your dagger and quickly cut at his head in the same moment and pull yourself back away from him.
 
Conduct yourself like so in this piece with the approach: Step in toward him with your left leg and thrust toward his face or chest with your dagger. If he thrusts at you like this, and you are coming with your left leg forward in the approach, then go up with your rondel in your left hand and take away his dagger thrust on your left side. In that moment, step in there with your right leg and thrust from above to his face or chest with your rapier. If he thrusts at you like this, then go up from below with your rapier to his rapier blade and take it away to your left side. In that moment, turn your rapier to his face over his rondel. If he winds at you like this, then take it away to your left side with your rondel. In that moment, pull your rapier above you and stab down to his nuts. If he thrusts low at you like this, then set him aside with your dagger and quickly cut at his head in the same moment and pull yourself back away from him.
Line 9,949: Line 9,949:
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 26.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair mixed 26.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[12] A Piece When One Has Been Overtaken'''
+
[12] '''A Piece When One Has Been Overtaken'''
  
 
If you have been overtaken, however it may have happened, and your adversary is working against you with cuts or thrusts and you are wearing your cloak, then conduct yourself like so: Take your cloak in your left hand behind the nape of your neck by your hood and quickly swing it around your left arm and catch his thrust with it, taking it away on your left side. In this moment, swing the cloak in front of his face so that you blind him and stab him in the torso. If he has blinded you and stabbed at you like this, then step back away from him with your right leg and force his rapier down with the long edge of your rapier, thus you take away his thrust. In that moment quickly step back in again with your right foot and cut at his head with your long edge.
 
If you have been overtaken, however it may have happened, and your adversary is working against you with cuts or thrusts and you are wearing your cloak, then conduct yourself like so: Take your cloak in your left hand behind the nape of your neck by your hood and quickly swing it around your left arm and catch his thrust with it, taking it away on your left side. In this moment, swing the cloak in front of his face so that you blind him and stab him in the torso. If he has blinded you and stabbed at you like this, then step back away from him with your right leg and force his rapier down with the long edge of your rapier, thus you take away his thrust. In that moment quickly step back in again with your right foot and cut at his head with your long edge.
Line 9,968: Line 9,968:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]] Versions</p>
+
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]]and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]]Versions</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|start}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|start}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 9,980: Line 9,980:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 17.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 17.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[1] The Two Upper Bindings from the Right Side'''
+
[1] '''The Two Upper Bindings from the Right Side'''
  
 
It happens like this with these fencings in the Sword: stand with your right foot forward and strike him to his right side. Then immediately spring in with your left foot and thrust to his right thigh.
 
It happens like this with these fencings in the Sword: stand with your right foot forward and strike him to his right side. Then immediately spring in with your left foot and thrust to his right thigh.
Line 9,999: Line 9,999:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 18.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 18.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[2] Two Bindings from the Left Side'''
+
[2] '''Two Bindings from the Left Side'''
  
 
Hold yourself like this with these techniques in the Sword: stand with your left foot forward, your left arm outstretched with your Buckler so that your Sword stands at your right chest with your cross under the point opposite the opponent with your blade on your left arm (shown in illustration). Thus you can thrust to his left side. Then immediately spring in with your right foot and strike to his right arm. If he parries this with his Buckler, then thrust quickly to his groin.
 
Hold yourself like this with these techniques in the Sword: stand with your left foot forward, your left arm outstretched with your Buckler so that your Sword stands at your right chest with your cross under the point opposite the opponent with your blade on your left arm (shown in illustration). Thus you can thrust to his left side. Then immediately spring in with your right foot and strike to his right arm. If he parries this with his Buckler, then thrust quickly to his groin.
Line 10,016: Line 10,016:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 19.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 19.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[3] An Upper Abnemen (Take Away/Defense) with the Buckler'''
+
[3] '''An Upper Abnemen (Take Away/Defense) with the Buckler'''
  
 
It happens like this with these techniques in the Sword: stand with your right foot forward, your blade on your left shoulder, the Buckler in your left hand (as in illustration). Then immediately spring in with your left foot and strike him from below inward to his right arm. If he parries this, then thrust him with your Sword behind your head in towards his face.
 
It happens like this with these techniques in the Sword: stand with your right foot forward, your blade on your left shoulder, the Buckler in your left hand (as in illustration). Then immediately spring in with your left foot and strike him from below inward to his right arm. If he parries this, then thrust him with your Sword behind your head in towards his face.
Line 10,031: Line 10,031:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 20.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 20.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[4] A Throw in the Sword'''
+
[4] '''A Throw in the Sword'''
  
 
It happens like this in this technique: spring in with both feet and thrust to his face or chest. If he parries this with his Buckler, then set your left leg to the rear and strike to his left arm. Then immediately spring in with your left foot and thrust to his right side. If he sets this aside with his Buckler, then strike inward from below to his left arm. Then immediately follow outward with your right leg and wind the thrust to his face or chest.
 
It happens like this in this technique: spring in with both feet and thrust to his face or chest. If he parries this with his Buckler, then set your left leg to the rear and strike to his left arm. Then immediately spring in with your left foot and thrust to his right side. If he sets this aside with his Buckler, then strike inward from below to his left arm. Then immediately follow outward with your right leg and wind the thrust to his face or chest.
Line 10,046: Line 10,046:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 21.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 21.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[5] A Thrust with an Abnemen'''
+
[5] '''A Thrust with an Abnemen'''
  
 
When you go together hold yourself like this in this technique:  step in with your left leg and thrust under and through with your Sword to his left shoulder, with your Buckler under your right arm (as in illustration).
 
When you go together hold yourself like this in this technique:  step in with your left leg and thrust under and through with your Sword to his left shoulder, with your Buckler under your right arm (as in illustration).
Line 10,067: Line 10,067:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 22.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 22.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[6] An Abnemen from Both Sides'''
+
[6] '''An Abnemen from Both Sides'''
  
 
Hold yourself like this when you come together in this technique: step in with your left leg and thrust with your Sword to his face.
 
Hold yourself like this when you come together in this technique: step in with your left leg and thrust with your Sword to his face.
Line 10,086: Line 10,086:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 23.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 23.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[7] A Chest Thrust with an Abnemen'''
+
[7] '''A Chest Thrust with an Abnemen'''
  
 
It happens like this when you come for the opponent in this technique: stand with your right foot forward and do an extended thrust to his chest.
 
It happens like this when you come for the opponent in this technique: stand with your right foot forward and do an extended thrust to his chest.
Line 10,105: Line 10,105:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 24.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 24.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[8] To Take the Sword'''
+
[8] '''To Take the Sword'''
  
 
Note this technique when you go together and the opponent has you in the bind: stand with your left foot forward and he stands opposite you with his right. Hold your Sword to your Buckler in your left hand and catch his sword blade well forward near the point with your right. With that snatch it out of his hand (as in illustration.
 
Note this technique when you go together and the opponent has you in the bind: stand with your left foot forward and he stands opposite you with his right. Hold your Sword to your Buckler in your left hand and catch his sword blade well forward near the point with your right. With that snatch it out of his hand (as in illustration.
Line 10,120: Line 10,120:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 25.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 25.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[9] A Throw out of the Bind'''
+
[9] '''A Throw out of the Bind'''
  
 
It happens like this when you go together: stand with your left leg forward and bind on his blade such that your long edge is turned upward near the point and opposite his chest.   
 
It happens like this when you go together: stand with your left leg forward and bind on his blade such that your long edge is turned upward near the point and opposite his chest.   
Line 10,137: Line 10,137:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 26.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 26.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[10] An Upper and a Lower Ansezen (Set Upon/Attack)'''
+
[10] '''An Upper and a Lower Ansezen (Set Upon/Attack)'''
  
 
It happens like this with this technique when you go together: step in with your left leg and strike low to his left leg such that you have your Buckler in your left hand crosswise over your right.
 
It happens like this with this technique when you go together: step in with your left leg and strike low to his left leg such that you have your Buckler in your left hand crosswise over your right.
Line 10,156: Line 10,156:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 27.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 27.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[11] A Chest Thrust with a Grab'''
+
[11] '''A Chest Thrust with a Grab'''
  
 
It happens like this when you go together in this technique: stand with your right foot forward and thrust from your left side to his right chest with a winding thrust.
 
It happens like this when you go together in this technique: stand with your right foot forward and thrust from your left side to his right chest with a winding thrust.
Line 10,175: Line 10,175:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 28.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 28.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[12] A Bind with a Grab'''
+
[12] '''A Bind with a Grab'''
  
 
Hold yourself like this when you go together with this technique: step in with your right leg and hold the Buckler extended over your Sword with the point opposite the opponent.  
 
Hold yourself like this when you go together with this technique: step in with your right leg and hold the Buckler extended over your Sword with the point opposite the opponent.  
Line 10,194: Line 10,194:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 29.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 29.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[13] A Groin Thrust with a Grabbing Over'''
+
[13] '''A Groin Thrust with a Grabbing Over'''
  
 
Hold yourself like this when you go together: step in with your left leg and do a low extended thrust to his groin such that you have your Buckler in your left hand near your hilt.
 
Hold yourself like this when you go together: step in with your left leg and do a low extended thrust to his groin such that you have your Buckler in your left hand near your hilt.
Line 10,211: Line 10,211:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 30.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 30.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[14] Two Grabs'''
+
[14] '''Two Grabs'''
  
 
It happens like this with this technique: step in with your left leg and bind on his sword blade. He then likewise stands with his left foot opposite you and binds similarly on your blade. Then hold your Sword together with your Buckler in your left hand and immediately drop your right hand onto his beard.
 
It happens like this with this technique: step in with your left leg and bind on his sword blade. He then likewise stands with his left foot opposite you and binds similarly on your blade. Then hold your Sword together with your Buckler in your left hand and immediately drop your right hand onto his beard.
Line 10,228: Line 10,228:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 31.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 31.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[15] A High Absezen with a Low Stab'''
+
[15] '''A High Absezen with a Low Stab'''
  
 
It happens like this when you go together with this technique: step in with your right leg and do an extended thrust high to his face.
 
It happens like this when you go together with this technique: step in with your right leg and do an extended thrust high to his face.
Line 10,249: Line 10,249:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 32.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 32.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[16] A Thrust against an Absezen'''
+
[16] '''A Thrust against an Absezen'''
  
 
When you go together hold yourself like this in this technique: step in with your right leg and thrust from below to his chest.
 
When you go together hold yourself like this in this technique: step in with your right leg and thrust from below to his chest.
Line 10,270: Line 10,270:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 33.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 33.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[17] The Cut from Both Sides'''
+
[17] '''The Cut from Both Sides'''
  
 
It happens like this when you go together with this technique: step in with your right leg and cut to the right side of his neck.
 
It happens like this when you go together with this technique: step in with your right leg and cut to the right side of his neck.
Line 10,289: Line 10,289:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 34.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 34.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[18] An Abnemen against a Low Thrust'''
+
[18] '''An Abnemen against a Low Thrust'''
  
 
It happens like this with this technique when you go together: step in with your right leg and thrust low to his left leg.
 
It happens like this with this technique when you go together: step in with your right leg and thrust low to his left leg.
Line 10,308: Line 10,308:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 35.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 35.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[19] A Groin Thrust against an Absezen'''
+
[19] '''A Groin Thrust against an Absezen'''
  
 
When you go together with this technique hold yourself like this: step in with your left leg and thrust to his groin.
 
When you go together with this technique hold yourself like this: step in with your left leg and thrust to his groin.
Line 10,325: Line 10,325:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 36.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 36.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[20] A Bind from which a Throw Proceeds'''
+
[20] '''A Bind from which a Throw Proceeds'''
  
 
Hold yourself like this when you go together in this technique: step in with your left leg and strike him with an Oberhaw to his head. If he displaces this, then wind the short edge on his long and with that thrust to his face.
 
Hold yourself like this when you go together in this technique: step in with your left leg and strike him with an Oberhaw to his head. If he displaces this, then wind the short edge on his long and with that thrust to his face.
Line 10,342: Line 10,342:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 37.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 37.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[21] An Absezen with the Right Foot from which a Throw Proceeds'''
+
[21] '''An Absezen with the Right Foot from which a Throw Proceeds'''
  
 
It happens like this when you come to the opponent with this technique: step in with your right leg and strike with a doubled Creizhaw to his right arm. If he sets this aside with his Sword, then step in with your left leg and set your Buckler at his blade. With that press away from you to your left side and then immediately thrust from below to his body.
 
It happens like this when you come to the opponent with this technique: step in with your right leg and strike with a doubled Creizhaw to his right arm. If he sets this aside with his Sword, then step in with your left leg and set your Buckler at his blade. With that press away from you to your left side and then immediately thrust from below to his body.
Line 10,361: Line 10,361:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 38.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 38.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[22] A Face Thrust against an Absezen'''
+
[22] '''A Face Thrust against an Absezen'''
  
 
It happens like this when you come together with this technique: step in with your right leg and thrust to his face.
 
It happens like this when you come together with this technique: step in with your right leg and thrust to his face.
Line 10,380: Line 10,380:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 39.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 39.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[23] A Groin Thrust with a Face Thrust with the Buckler'''
+
[23] '''A Groin Thrust with a Face Thrust with the Buckler'''
  
 
When you go together in this technique hold yourself like this: step in with your right leg and thrust with your Sword to his groin.
 
When you go together in this technique hold yourself like this: step in with your right leg and thrust with your Sword to his groin.
Line 10,397: Line 10,397:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 40.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 40.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[24] An Absezen with the Buckler against an Oberhaw'''
+
[24] '''An Absezen with the Buckler against an Oberhaw'''
 
When you go together with this technique then hold yourself like this: step in with your left leg and thrust from behind your Buckler forward to his face.
 
When you go together with this technique then hold yourself like this: step in with your left leg and thrust from behind your Buckler forward to his face.
  
Line 10,415: Line 10,415:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 41.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 41.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[25] An Arm-Break out of a Bind'''
+
[25] '''An Arm-Break out of a Bind'''
  
 
It happens like this when you go together with this technique: step in with your (right) leg and bind upon his Sword.
 
It happens like this when you go together with this technique: step in with your (right) leg and bind upon his Sword.
Line 10,438: Line 10,438:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 42.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 42.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[26] A Chest Thrust with the Buckler against an Abnemen'''
+
[26] '''A Chest Thrust with the Buckler against an Abnemen'''
  
 
It happens like this with this technique when you go together: step in with your left leg and stab with your Buckler to his chest.
 
It happens like this with this technique when you go together: step in with your left leg and stab with your Buckler to his chest.
Line 10,455: Line 10,455:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 43.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 43.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[27] An Abnemen against a Face Thrust'''
+
[27] '''An Abnemen against a Face Thrust'''
  
 
When you go together with this technique hold yourself like this: step in with your right leg and thrust with an extended Sword to his face.
 
When you go together with this technique hold yourself like this: step in with your right leg and thrust with an extended Sword to his face.
Line 10,472: Line 10,472:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 44.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 44.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[28] A Low Stab against an Absetzen'''
+
[28] '''A Low Stab against an Absetzen'''
  
 
Hold yourself like this when you go together in this technique: step in with your left leg and keep your right well near in the Wag (balanced position) such that you have your Buckler against the ground and your sword between your left arm and your chest. Then immediately thrust to his forward set left leg.
 
Hold yourself like this when you go together in this technique: step in with your left leg and keep your right well near in the Wag (balanced position) such that you have your Buckler against the ground and your sword between your left arm and your chest. Then immediately thrust to his forward set left leg.
Line 10,489: Line 10,489:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 45.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 45.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[29] A Low and a High Ansezen'''
+
[29] '''A Low and a High Ansezen'''
  
 
It happens like this with this technique when you go together: step in with your right leg and do an extended thrust to his forward set right leg.
 
It happens like this with this technique when you go together: step in with your right leg and do an extended thrust to his forward set right leg.
Line 10,510: Line 10,510:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 46.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 46.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[30] An Oberhaw against a Cut'''
+
[30] '''An Oberhaw against a Cut'''
  
 
Hold yourself like this with this technique when you go together: step in with your left leg and hold your Buckler extended in his face. At the same time yank your sword up high and strike strongly to his head.
 
Hold yourself like this with this technique when you go together: step in with your left leg and hold your Buckler extended in his face. At the same time yank your sword up high and strike strongly to his head.
Line 10,529: Line 10,529:
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 47.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Mair side sword 47.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[31] A High thrust against a low one '''
+
[31] '''A High thrust against a low one '''
  
 
Step forward with your left leg, and hold your buckler in your left hand facing straight towards your opponent, and the rapier in your right hand held high above your head with the long edge facing upwards. Then thrust from above towards his face or chest. Then turn your hand so that the long edge faces upwards and do a double thrust to his chest. If your opponent should thrust at your face from above, and you are standing with your left foot forward, with your buckler in your left hand and your rapier in your right, then move your buckler toward his thrust and parry it to your left. If he do a double thrust, then parry his thrust with the short edge, step forward with your right foot and thrust at his chest with turned hand so that the long edge faces up. Should your opponent do this, then step back with your left foot and with a double cut from below, and thus you have countered your opponent's attack.  
 
Step forward with your left leg, and hold your buckler in your left hand facing straight towards your opponent, and the rapier in your right hand held high above your head with the long edge facing upwards. Then thrust from above towards his face or chest. Then turn your hand so that the long edge faces upwards and do a double thrust to his chest. If your opponent should thrust at your face from above, and you are standing with your left foot forward, with your buckler in your left hand and your rapier in your right, then move your buckler toward his thrust and parry it to your left. If he do a double thrust, then parry his thrust with the short edge, step forward with your right foot and thrust at his chest with turned hand so that the long edge faces up. Should your opponent do this, then step back with your left foot and with a double cut from below, and thus you have countered your opponent's attack.  
Line 10,540: Line 10,540:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 53r.jpg|250x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 53r.jpg|250x300px|center]]
| [[file:Mair side sword 48.jpg|300x300px|center]]  
+
| [[file:Mair side sword 48.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[32] '''
+
[32] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 144v.png|German|lbl=144v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 144v.png|German|lbl=144v}}
Line 10,551: Line 10,551:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 53v.jpg|250x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 53v.jpg|250x300px|center]]
| [[file:Mair side sword 49.jpg|300x300px|center]]  
+
| [[file:Mair side sword 49.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[33] '''
+
[33] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 145r.png|German|lbl=145r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 145r.png|German|lbl=145r}}
Line 10,562: Line 10,562:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 54r.jpg|250x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 54r.jpg|250x300px|center]]
| [[file:Mair side sword 50.jpg|300x300px|center]]  
+
| [[file:Mair side sword 50.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[34] '''
+
[34] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 145v.png|German|lbl=145v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 145v.png|German|lbl=145v}}
Line 10,573: Line 10,573:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 54v.jpg|250x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 54v.jpg|250x300px|center]]
| [[file:Mair side sword 51.jpg|300x300px|center]]  
+
| [[file:Mair side sword 51.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[35] '''
+
[35] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 146r.png|German|lbl=146r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 146r.png|German|lbl=146r}}
Line 10,584: Line 10,584:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 55r.jpg|250x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 55r.jpg|250x300px|center]]
| [[file:Mair side sword 52.jpg|300x300px|center]]  
+
| [[file:Mair side sword 52.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[36] '''
+
[36] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 146v.png|German|lbl=146v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 146v.png|German|lbl=146v}}
Line 10,595: Line 10,595:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 55v.jpg|250x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 55v.jpg|250x300px|center]]
| [[file:Mair side sword 53.jpg|300x300px|center]]  
+
| [[file:Mair side sword 53.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[37] '''
+
[37] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 147r.png|German|lbl=147r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 147r.png|German|lbl=147r}}
Line 10,606: Line 10,606:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 56r.jpg|250x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 56r.jpg|250x300px|center]]
| [[file:Mair side sword 54.jpg|300x300px|center]]  
+
| [[file:Mair side sword 54.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[38] '''
+
[38] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 147v.png|German|lbl=147v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 147v.png|German|lbl=147v}}
Line 10,617: Line 10,617:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 56v.jpg|250x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 56v.jpg|250x300px|center]]
| [[file:Mair side sword 55.jpg|300x300px|center]]  
+
| [[file:Mair side sword 55.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[39] '''
+
[39] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 148r.png|German|lbl=148r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 148r.png|German|lbl=148r}}
Line 10,628: Line 10,628:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 57r.jpg|250x300px|center]]
 
| [[file:Cgm 1507 57r.jpg|250x300px|center]]
| [[file:Mair side sword 56.jpg|300x300px|center]]  
+
| [[file:Mair side sword 56.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[40] '''
+
[40] ''''''
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 148v.png|German|lbl=148v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 148v.png|German|lbl=148v}}
Line 10,649: Line 10,649:
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Version]]</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][German] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]][Latin] '''(1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]](1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 10,659: Line 10,659:
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 01.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[1]'''  
+
[1]'''  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|164r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|164r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 149r.png|German|lbl=149r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 149r.png|German|lbl=149r}}
Line 10,670: Line 10,670:
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 02.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[2]'''  
+
[2]'''  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|164v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|164v|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 149v.png|German|lbl=149v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 149v.png|German|lbl=149v}}
Line 10,681: Line 10,681:
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 03.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[3]'''  
+
[3]'''  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|165r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|165r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 150r.png|German|lbl=150r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 150r.png|German|lbl=150r}}
Line 10,692: Line 10,692:
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 04.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[4]'''  
+
[4]'''  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|165v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|165v|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 150v.png|German|lbl=150v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 150v.png|German|lbl=150v}}
Line 10,703: Line 10,703:
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 05.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[5]'''  
+
[5]'''  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|166r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|166r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 151ar.png|German|lbl=151r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 151ar.png|German|lbl=151r}}
Line 10,714: Line 10,714:
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 06.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[6]'''  
+
[6]'''  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|166v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|166v|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 151av.png|German|lbl=151v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 151av.png|German|lbl=151v}}
Line 10,725: Line 10,725:
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 07.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[7]'''  
+
[7]'''  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|167r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|167r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 151br.png|German|lbl=151r*}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 151br.png|German|lbl=151r*}}
Line 10,736: Line 10,736:
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 08.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[8]'''  
+
[8]'''  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|167v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|167v|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 151bv.png|German|lbl=151v*}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 151bv.png|German|lbl=151v*}}
Line 10,747: Line 10,747:
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 09.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[9]'''  
+
[9]'''  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|168r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|168r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 152r.png|German|lbl=152r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 152r.png|German|lbl=152r}}
Line 10,758: Line 10,758:
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 10.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[10]'''  
+
[10]'''  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|168v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|168v|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 152v.png|German|lbl=152v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 152v.png|German|lbl=152v}}
Line 10,769: Line 10,769:
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 11.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 11.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[11]'''  
+
[11]'''  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|169r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|169r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 153r.png|German|lbl=153r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 153r.png|German|lbl=153r}}
Line 10,780: Line 10,780:
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 12.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 12.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[12]'''  
+
[12]'''  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|169v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|169v|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 153v.png|German|lbl=153v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 153v.png|German|lbl=153v}}
Line 10,791: Line 10,791:
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 13.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 13.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[13]'''  
+
[13]'''  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|170r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|170r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 154r.png|German|lbl=154r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 154r.png|German|lbl=154r}}
Line 10,802: Line 10,802:
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 14.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 14.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[14]'''  
+
[14]'''  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|170v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|170v|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 154v.png|German|lbl=154v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 154v.png|German|lbl=154v}}
Line 10,813: Line 10,813:
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 15.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 15.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[15]'''  
+
[15]'''  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|171r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|171r|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 155r.png|German|lbl=155r}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 155r.png|German|lbl=155r}}
Line 10,824: Line 10,824:
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 16.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair poleaxe 16.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
'''[16]'''  
+
[16]'''  
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|171v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|171v|png}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 155v.png|German|lbl=155v}}
 
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 155v.png|German|lbl=155v}}
Line 10,838: Line 10,838:
 
  | width = 224em
 
  | width = 224em
 
}}
 
}}
{{:Paulus Hector Mair/Longshield}}
+
{| class="wikitable floated master"
 +
|-
 +
! <p><includeonly><span style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;{{edit|Paulus Hector Mair/Longshield|edit}}&#93;</span> &nbsp; </includeonly>Source Images</p>
 +
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Version]]</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 +
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Jan Gosewinkel]], [[Oliver Janseps]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
 +
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
 +
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}<br> by [[User:Robinverhoef| Robin Verhoef]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}</p>
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.2 097r.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 +
| [[File:Mair longshield 1.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 +
| [1]
 +
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|179r|png}}
 +
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 211r.png|German|lbl=211r}}
 +
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 211r.png|Latin|lbl=211r}}
 +
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|235r|jpg}}
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.2 096v.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 +
| [[File:Mair longshield 2.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 +
| [2]
 +
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|179v|png}}
 +
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 211v.png|German|lbl=211v}}
 +
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 211v.png|Latin|lbl=211v}}
 +
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|235v|jpg}}
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.2 097v.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 +
| [[File:Mair longshield 3.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 +
| [3]
 +
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|180r|png}}
 +
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 212r.png|German|lbl=212r}}
 +
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 212r.png|Latin|lbl=212r}}
 +
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|236r|jpg}}
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.2 098r.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 +
| [[File:Mair longshield 4.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 +
| [4]
 +
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|180v|png}}
 +
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 212v.png|German|lbl=212v}}
 +
| {{section|page:Cod.10826 212v.png|Latin|lbl=212v}}
 +
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|236v|jpg}}
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.2 098v.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 +
| [[File:Mair longshield 5.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 +
| [5]
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| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|181r|png}}
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| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.2 096r.jpg|300x300px|center]]
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| [[File:Mair longshield 6.jpg|300x300px|center]]
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| [6]
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| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|181v|png}}
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  | authors    = [[Per Magnus Haaland]], [[Saskia Roselaar]]
 
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  | authors    = [[Dieter Bachmann]], [[Kendra Brown]], [[Rebecca Garber]], [[Julia Gräf]], [[Anton Kohutovič]], [[Keith Myers]], [[Ingo Petri]], [[Amy West]]
 
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Revision as of 01:49, 3 February 2017

Paulus Hector Mair

"Mair", Cod.icon. 312b f 64r
Born 1517
Augsburg, Germany
Died 10 Dec 1579 (age 62)
Augsburg, Germany
Occupation
  • Civil servant
  • Historian
Movement
Influences
Genres
Language
Manuscript(s)
First printed
english edition
Knight and Hunt, 2008
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations Traduction française
Signature Paulus Hector Mair Sig.png

Paulus Hector Mair (Paulsen Hektor Mair, Paulus Hector Meyer; 1517 – 1579) was a 16th century German aristocrat, civil servant, and fencer. He was born in 1517 to a wealthy and influential Augsburg patrician family. In his youth, he likely received training in fencing and grappling from the masters of Augsburg fencing guild, and early on developed a deep fascination with fencing treatises. He began his civil service as a secretary to the Augsburg City Council; by 1541, Mair was the City Treasurer, and in 1545 he also took on the office of Master of Rations.

Mair's martial background is unknown, but as a citizen of a free city he would have had military obligations whenever the city went to war, and as a member of a patrician family he likely served in the cavalry. He was also an avid collector of fencing treatises and other literature on military history. Like his contemporary Joachim Meÿer, Mair believed that the Medieval martial arts were being forgotten, and he saw this as a tragedy, idealizing the arts of fencing as a civilizing and character-building influence on men. Where Meÿer sought to update the traditional fencing systems and apply them to contemporary weapons of war and defense, Mair was more interested in preserving historical teachings intact. Thus, some time in the latter part of the 1540s he commissioned what would become the most extensive compendium of German fencing treatises ever made, a massive two-volume manuscript compiling virtually every fencing treatise he could access. He retained famed artist Jörg Breu the Younger to create the illustrations for the text,[1] and hired two Augsburg fencers to pose for the illustrations.[2] This project was extraordinarily expensive and took at least four years to complete. Ultimately, three copies of this compendium were produced, each more extensive than the last; the first (MSS Dresden C.93/C.94) was written in Early New High German, the second and most artistically ambitious (Cod.icon. 393) in New Latin, and the third and final version (Cod. 10825/10826) incorporated both languages.

Beginning in the 1540s, Mair began purchasing older fencing manuscripts, some from fellow collector Lienhart Sollinger (a Freifechter who lived in Augsburg for many years) and others from auctions. Perhaps most significant of all of his acquisitions was the partially-completed treatise of Antonius Rast, a Master of the Long Sword and three-time captain of the Marxbrüder fencing guild. The venerable master left in incomplete when he died in 1549, and Mair ultimately produced a complete fencing manual (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82) based on his notes. Ultimately, he owned over a dozen fencing manuscripts over the course of his life, including the following:

He also used several printed books as source material for his compendia, and presumably owned copies, including Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (compiled by Christian Egenolff), Opera Nova by Achille Marozzo, and Ringer Kunst by Fabian von Auerswald.

Mair not only spent incredible sums of money on his fencing interests, but generally lead a lavish lifestyle and maintained his political influence with expensive parties and other entertainments for the burghers and patricians of Augsburg. This habit of living far beyond his means for decades exhausted his family's wealth, eventually leading him to sell the Latin version of his fencing manuscript (netting the princely sum of 800 florins) and finally to begin embezzling money from the Augsburg city coffers. This embezzlement was not discovered for many years (or perhaps was overlooked due to the favor his parties garnered), until finally in 1579 a disgruntled assistant reported him to the Augsburg City Council and provoked an audit of his books. Mair was arrested, tried, and hanged as a thief at the age of 62. After Mair's death, his effects (including his library) were sold at auction to recoup some of the funds he had embezzled.

Whether viewed as an unwise scholar who paid the ultimate price for his art or an ignoble thief who violated his city's trust, Mair remains one of the most influential figures in the history of Kunst des Fechtens. By completing the fencing manual of Antonius Rast, Mair gave us valuable insight into the Nuremberg fencing tradition; his own works are impressive on both an artistic and practical level, and his extensive commentary on the uncaptioned treatises in his collection serves to make potentially useful training aids out of what would otherwise be mere curiosities. Finally, in purchasing so many important fencing treatises he succeeded in preserving them for future generations; they were purchased by the fabulously wealthy Fugger family after his death and ultimately passed to the Augsburg University Library, where they remain to this day.

Treatise

Much of Mair's content represents his revision and expansion of the older treatises listed above, including adding descriptive content to uncaptioned images. Where available, these images are displayed in the left-most column, labeled "Source Images", for comparison purposes. Mair's own illustrations appear in the second image column.

Additional Resources

  • Hunt, Brian. "Paulus Hector Mair: Peasant Staff and Flail." Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts. Ed. Jeffrey Hull. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3
  • Knight, David James, and Hunt, Brian. The Polearms of Paulus Hector Mair. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-644-7

References

  1. Breu is not listed in the Augsburg tax records in 1542-3; given Mair's youth, he most likely hired Breu between his return in 1544 and his death in 1547.
  2. Hils 1985, pp 197-201.
  3. Further, incidentally.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Chronicon Abbatis Urspergensis, the Chronicle of Burchard of Ursberg (13th century), printed in Augsburg 1515.
  5. The amphitheatre of Fidenae (the modern Borgata Fidena, a suburb of Rome), endowed by a freed slave named Atilius, collapsed in 27 BC under the weight of a large crowd of spectators, apparently due to faults in construction. According to the (likely exaggerated) account by Tacitus (Annales, 4.63), a total of 50,000 people died in the collapse.
  6. wohl Gaius Sallustius Crispus Passienus (starb 47 n. Chr.)
  7. The preceding three paragraphs are missing in the Dresden version.
  8. Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus (ca. 71 – ca. 135), author of De vita Caesarum (ca. AD 120).
  9. Dresden version: four hundred.
  10. Marcus Antonius Gordianus Pius (225 – 244), Marcus Iulius Philippus (ca. 204 - 249)
  11. Claudius Galenus of Pergamum (AD 131 – 201)
  12. This may be in reference to 2 Timothy 2:4, rendered by Luther (1522) as: Niemant streyttet vnnd flicht sich ynn der narung geschefft, auff das er gefalle dem, der yhn zum streytter auffgenomen hat "None who would fight does meddle in the business of sustenance, so that he may please him who employed him as a fighter". Now Luthers narung "sustenance, nutrition, food" offers itself to an interpretation of "gluttony; carnal pleasure", but it translates pragmateiai biou, meaning "the pragmatics of life", i.e. "everyday business". c.f. Tyndale (1526), who has "No man that warreth, entangleth himself with worldly business, and that because he would please him that hath chosen him to be a soldier"; Dresden has "temporal" (zeitlich) rather than "transient" (zergenglich).
  13. This is a reference to Pliny, Nat. Hist. 30.32: "When a freedman of Nero was giving a gladiatorial show at Antium, the public porticoes were covered with paintings, so we are told, containing life-like portraits of all the gladiators and assistants. This portraiture of gladiators has been the highest interest in art for many centuries now, but it was Gaius Terentius who began the practice of having pictures made of gladiatorial shows and exhibited in public; in honour of his grandfather who had adopted him he provided thirty pairs of Gladiators in the Forum for three consecutive days, and exhibited a picture of the matches in the Grove of Diana."
  14. Anacharsis the Scythian, according to Herodotus (4.46, 76 f.) brother of the Scythian king Saulinos; attributed to him are inventions such as the anchor, bellows and pottery wheel. He was slain by his brother after he returned from a journey to Greece and began to advocate Greek culture to his countrymen. He is sometimes counted as one of the Seven Sages of Athens. Among a number of letters attributed to him is one addressed to the Lydian king Croesus.
  15. Johannes Aventinus (Johann Georg Turmair von Abensberg, 1477–1534), historiographer at the Bavarian court.
  16. Gampar is the seventh king in the (fictional) genealogy of the kings of the ancient Germans going back to the Great Flood in Aventinus' Annales (1522). Aventinus gives Gampar's regnal years as 1711–1667 BC.
  17. Eusebius of Caesarea (ca. 275 – 339)
  18. Pittakos of Mitylene (Lesbos), 7th c. BC, one of the Seven Sages. He led the Mitylenians against the Athenians and arranged a duel with Phrynon, an Olympic champion in pankration, by which to settle the war. He defeated Phrynon by trapping him in a net. The greater Ajay met Hector in place of Achilles (Iliad 7.181), the fight lasted the entire day and Hector was lightly wounded, and the heroes then parted with mutual respect. Porus, "king of India" was defeated by Alexander in the battle of Hydaspes in 326 BC. I have so far failed to identify Pyrechmen and Degmemnus.
  19. Mair gives more detail on this judicial duel of 1409 in the second volume. According to this account, the combatants were Wilhelm Marschalk von Dornsberg and Theodor Haschenacker, and the shields of the combatants were preserved in St. Leonard's church outside of the city until the tower of this church was demolished on 3 November 1542.
  20. Regum et imperatorum apophthegmata ("Sayings of kings and emperors") in Plutarch's Moralia.
  21. Vienna: mit schaden "with damage", Dresden: mit schanden "with dishonour/ignominy".
  22. Tacitus' Germania was unknown during the medieval period; rediscovered in 1455, the text was popularized in German humanism only from c. 1500; it is summarized by Aventinus, who is Mair's source, in his Annales ducum Boiariae (1522), the German-language edition of which (Bairische Chronik 1533) was just about ten years old when Mair wrote his text.
  23. pafese read for gafese (i.e. pavese, the infantry shields comparable to the Roman rectangular shields of the early imperial period)
  24. Tuisto is the primeval god of the Germanic peoples according to Tacitus. Aventinus euhemerizes him as the grandson of Noah and first king of the Germans (r. 2214–2038 BC). Herman here is not the historical Arminius, but the fifth king in Aventinus' list (r. 1820–1757 BC), founder of the Herminones or continental Germans.
  25. Mair's source is the Turnierbuch of Georg Rüxner (c. 1490), edited in Augsburg by Marx Würsung (1518). Rüxner describes a series of 36 "imperial tournaments" (Reichs-Turniere) between 938 and 1487, beginning with a legendary tournament held in Magdeburg during what Rüxner makes out as the reign of Henry I the Fowler.
  26. the successive Habsburg emperors Frederick III, Maximilian I and Charles V, spanning the period since the supposed disestablishment of the knightly tournament and the establishment of the Brotherhood of St. Mark or Marxbrüder. The Freifechter denounced by Mair seem to represent an early form of the guild later known as Federfechter (unless the term still has a generic meaning, frei as in "unincorporated").
  27. Schlaraffenland is the German adaptation of Coquaigne (Cucania), first encountered in the 15th century (as schlauraff, schluderaffe) and popularised by Hans Sachs (1558). The name seems to originate as an (unattested) medieval slur meaning "lazy idler", schlu(de)r-affe, lit. "drooping ape".
  28. Ligatura non sequitur.
  29. Non sequitur.
  30. Ninus: the legendary founder of Nineveh according to Ctesias (Persica, ca. 400 BC); Ctesias' Sardanapolus corresponds to Ashurbanipal (669 - 627 BC); Ctesias is a rather unreliable source by comparison with Herodotus and the Ptolemaic king list; but in any case knowledge on the Assyrian empire was very limited before the decipherment of cuneiform in the 1850s.
  31. Gideon: Judges 7:4-7; David: Psalm 144:1: "Blessed be the LORD my strength, which teacheth my hands to war, and my fingers to fight" (KJV).
  32. Mair writes “Kunstfechtbuch”; “art of fencing” would be “Fechtkunst”. It is not clear whether this is just a question of usage or a deliberate difference.
  33. Welsch” refers to neighbouring peoples speaking a romance language, so it could mean French, Italian, Spanish or Romansh. The Cod. icon. 393 text translates to “Fencing on foot, in which we use round shields and Spanish swords, in the fashion of the Italians, is 56 plays”).
  34. Mair here uses “die Wag” (pl. “Wagen”), which I am assuming refers to “balance scale” (die Waage, pl. Waagen), and by extension the structure providing for the balance. It could also be derived from “wagen” (to dare), but the derivation is not convincing. A derivation from “der Wagen” (cart, carriage) is linguistically not supported. The other two MS do not contain this passage, so a comparison is not possible.
  35. 'Long edge' is not listed in ty.
  36. sic : beide
  37. Marginalie unleserlich
  38. ”streck dein leyb und deine armen wol”
  39. sic : seinem ?
  40. The words are marked with numbers above. Probably it is to keep track of word order.
  41. sic : hinndersich
  42. sic : widerumb
  43. sic : seinem
  44. sic : schniten
  45. sic : seinnen ?
  46. 21r
  47. 47.0 47.1 Choosing to read this as equivalent to modern German einengen. “Trapped” as a translation for eineinden follows from this choice. Buyer beware.
  48. Corrections indicate it should be zu Im hinein
  49. The illustration suggests that this action should be done to your left side, rather than to your right.
  50. "Not the lower point". Why the awkward construction here? Why not say superiorem mucronem (or proper Latin equivalent)?
  51. Literally: put
  52. Literally: pull back the left foot
  53. German: his
  54. German: grab with your left hand from below outside over his right arm
  55. rechten
  56. Barred, or bolted.
  57. Pliers, or fire-tongs.
  58. Wrestlers wear a leather collar? Hmmm...
  59. Comb, carder?
  60. A variant on the o-goshi in judo.
  61. sic : Im mit
  62. »sst« oberhalb der Zeile korrigiert aus »fft«
  63. A technique for putting the opponent down head first with his feet in the air.
  64. Dagger pommel?! I have actually no idea what he is thinking here. My only guess is that it was late on Friday afternoon, and must have mistaken ”kopff” with ”knopff”.
  65. Which is what?
  66. Note: Change of grip required, or the illustration does not match.
  67. Dagger transfer necessary at this point.
  68. Note: person on left side starts with the dagger in the left hand according to the illustration.
  69. Note: push down, not out
  70. Arbait - technical term: work, force, struggle
  71. Vienna and Munich MS Latin: right.
  72. read: locitur
  73. Latin: snatch up.
  74. Note: the illustration shows ice-pick grip.
  75. "You will lick it!" Not pleasant if the dagger is lying on it. Especially in cold weather.
  76. May not represent the changing though described.
  77. Note illustration shows ice-pick grip.
  78. Note: left is corrected from a right. Left is correct.
  79. This seems to imply both parallel action and simultaneity.
  80. Reib - strong twisting, bending, rotating motion.
  81. Image shows left.
  82. From the inner side.
  83. From the Latin text
  84. Correct from underich.
  85. Could also mean immediately
  86. Only in the Latin.
  87. Inn - unclear whether directional or locational.
  88. The one in the left hand?
  89. Only in the Latin.
  90. Possible abbreviation of gegen – geg.
  91. Odd squiggle in the middle—f from previous line?
  92. Scribal error for pungito?
  93. Strange squiggle above the c.
  94. Squiggle – looks like the Munich MS symbol for us?
  95. Error for interim?
  96. Written as “in Clinando”
  97. NB, likely scribal error for “laevam”
  98. Second u has three dots almost like ǜ.
  99. Error for dextrum?
  100. sic : verborgnen