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Difference between revisions of "Johannes Liechtenauer"
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| caption = | | caption = | ||
<!----------Information----------> | <!----------Information----------> | ||
− | | full title = A Recital on the Chivalric | + | | full title = A Recital on the Chivalric Art of Fencing |
| also known as = | | also known as = | ||
| author(s) = | | author(s) = | ||
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| audience = | | audience = | ||
| language = [[language::Early New High German]] | | language = [[language::Early New High German]] | ||
− | | date = | + | | date = Fourteenth century (?) |
| state of existence = | | state of existence = | ||
<!----------Manuscript Information----------> | <!----------Manuscript Information----------> | ||
Line 40: | Line 40: | ||
| [[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Reichsstadt Nr. 82]] (1553) | | [[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Reichsstadt Nr. 82]] (1553) | ||
| [[Lienhart Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cgm 3712)|Cgm 3712]] (1556) | | [[Lienhart Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cgm 3712)|Cgm 3712]] (1556) | ||
− | | [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS | + | | [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Var.82]] (1563-71) |
| [[Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)|Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º]] (1588) | | [[Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)|Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º]] (1588) | ||
}} | }} | ||
| principal manuscript(s)= {{collapsible list | | principal manuscript(s)= {{collapsible list | ||
− | | [[Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|MS 3227<sup>a</sup>]] (ca. | + | | [[Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|MS 3227<sup>a</sup>]] (ca. 1390) |
| [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|MS Chart.A.558]] (1448) | | [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|MS Chart.A.558]] (1448) | ||
| [[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Cod.44.A.8]] (1452) | | [[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Cod.44.A.8]] (1452) | ||
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| below = | | below = | ||
}} | }} | ||
− | '''Johannes Liechtenauer''' (Hans Lichtenauer, Lichtnawer) was a [[century:: | + | '''Johannes Liechtenauer''' (Hans Lichtenauer, Lichtnawer) was a late-[[century::14th century]] [[nationality::German]] [[fencing master]]. The only account of his life was written by the anonymous author of the [[Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|Pol Hausbuch]], arguably the earliest text in the tradition, and he may have been alive at that time.<ref>When German writers were aware that a person was dead, they would add a formulaic blessing after their name (i.e., "God have mercy on him"); this manuscript doesn't, but 15th century manuscripts do.</ref> The text reads: |
− | Liechtenauer was described by many later masters as the "high master" or "grand master" of the art, and a long poem called the ''Zettel'' ("Recital") | + | {{quote|''First and foremost, you should notice and remember that there's only one art of the sword, and it was discovered and developed hundreds of years ago, and it's the foundation and core of all fencing arts. Master Liechtenauer understood and practiced this art completely and correctly; he did not discover or invent it himself (as has been written previously), but rather traveled through many lands and searched for the true and correct art for the sake of experiencing and knowing it.''<ref>See [[Page:MS 3227a 13v.jpg|folio 13v]], trans. by [[Michael Chidester]].</ref>}} |
+ | |||
+ | Liechtenauer was described by many later masters as the "high master" or "grand master" of the art, and authored a long poem called the ''Zettel'' ("Recital"). Later masters in the tradition often wrote extensive [[gloss]]es (commentaries) on this poem, using it to structure their own martial teachings. Liechtenauer's influence on the German fencing tradition as we currently understand it is almost impossible to overstate. The masters on [[Paulus Kal]]'s roll of the [[Fellowship of Liechtenauer]] were responsible for most of the most significant fencing manuals of the 15th century, and Liechtenauer and his teachings were also the focus of the German fencing guilds that arose in the 15th and 16th centuries, including the [[Marxbrüder]] and the [[Veiterfechter]]. | ||
Additional facts have sometimes been presumed about Liechtenauer based on often-problematic premises. The Pol Hausbuch, often erroneously dated to 1389 and presumed to be written by a direct student of Liechtenauer's, has been treated as evidence placing Liechtenauer's career in the mid-1300s.<ref>[[Christian Henry Tobler]]. "Chicken and Eggs: Which Master Came First?" ''In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval German Fighting Arts''. Wheaton, IL: [[Freelance Academy Press]], 2010. p6</ref> However, given that the Pol Hausbuch may date as late as 1494 and the earliest records of the identifiable members of his tradition appear in the mid 1400s, it seems more probable that Liechtenauer's career occurred toward the beginning of the 15th century. Ignoring the Pol Hausbuch as being of indeterminate date, the oldest version of the Recital that is attributed to Liechtenauer was recorded by [[Hans Talhoffer]] in the [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|MS Chart.A.558]] (ca. 1448), which further supports this timeline.<ref>There is one version of the Recital that predates Talhoffer's, recorded in [[Modus Dimicandi (MS G.B.f.18a)|MS G.B.f.18a]] (ca. 1418-28) and attributed to an [[H. Beringer]]; this also conforms to a 15th century timeline and suggests the possibility that Liechtenauer was himself an inheritor of the teachings contained in the Zettel rather than its original composer (presentations of the Recital that are entirely unattributed exist in other 15th and 16th century manuscripts). Alternatively, the Beringer verse, which includes only portions of the Recital on the Long Sword, may represent just one of the teachings that Liechtenauer received and compiled over the course of the journeys described in the Pol Hausbuch.</ref> | Additional facts have sometimes been presumed about Liechtenauer based on often-problematic premises. The Pol Hausbuch, often erroneously dated to 1389 and presumed to be written by a direct student of Liechtenauer's, has been treated as evidence placing Liechtenauer's career in the mid-1300s.<ref>[[Christian Henry Tobler]]. "Chicken and Eggs: Which Master Came First?" ''In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval German Fighting Arts''. Wheaton, IL: [[Freelance Academy Press]], 2010. p6</ref> However, given that the Pol Hausbuch may date as late as 1494 and the earliest records of the identifiable members of his tradition appear in the mid 1400s, it seems more probable that Liechtenauer's career occurred toward the beginning of the 15th century. Ignoring the Pol Hausbuch as being of indeterminate date, the oldest version of the Recital that is attributed to Liechtenauer was recorded by [[Hans Talhoffer]] in the [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|MS Chart.A.558]] (ca. 1448), which further supports this timeline.<ref>There is one version of the Recital that predates Talhoffer's, recorded in [[Modus Dimicandi (MS G.B.f.18a)|MS G.B.f.18a]] (ca. 1418-28) and attributed to an [[H. Beringer]]; this also conforms to a 15th century timeline and suggests the possibility that Liechtenauer was himself an inheritor of the teachings contained in the Zettel rather than its original composer (presentations of the Recital that are entirely unattributed exist in other 15th and 16th century manuscripts). Alternatively, the Beringer verse, which includes only portions of the Recital on the Long Sword, may represent just one of the teachings that Liechtenauer received and compiled over the course of the journeys described in the Pol Hausbuch.</ref> | ||
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|} | |} | ||
{{master end}} | {{master end}} | ||
+ | |||
{{master begin | {{master begin | ||
− | | title = | + | | title = Figures |
− | | width = | + | | width = 240em |
}} | }} | ||
{| class="master" | {| class="master" | ||
|- | |- | ||
+ | ! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]]</p> | ||
! <p>{{rating|A|Featured Translation (from the Rome)}}<br/>by [[Christian Tobler]]</p> | ! <p>{{rating|A|Featured Translation (from the Rome)}}<br/>by [[Christian Tobler]]</p> | ||
− | ! <p>[[Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|Nuremberg Version]] ( | + | ! <p>[[Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|Nuremberg Version]] (ca. 1400)<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> |
! <p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|Gotha Version]] (1448){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ! <p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|Gotha Version]] (1448){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ||
! <p>[[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]] (1452){{edit index|Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ! <p>[[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]] (1452){{edit index|Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ||
− | ! <p>[[ | + | ! <p>[[Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)|Glasgow Version]] (1508){{edit index|Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> |
− | |||
! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Version]] (1535-40){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p> | ! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Version]] (1535-40){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p> | ||
− | |||
! <p>[[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsburg Ⅱ Version]] (1553){{edit index|Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Werner Ueberschär]]</p> | ! <p>[[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsburg Ⅱ Version]] (1553){{edit index|Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Werner Ueberschär]]</p> | ||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | class="noline" rowspan="29" | {{double page|Cod.44.A.8 7v.jpg|Cod.44.A.8 8r.jpg|x288px|x288px}} |
− | | {{ | + | |
− | + | {{double page|MS Chart.A.558 022v.jpg|MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|200px|200px}} | |
− | + | | <p>'''Figures of the Fight on Horseback'''</p> | |
− | | | + | | |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
− | | {{section|Page: | + | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|1|lbl=165v.1}} |
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
+ | | <p>{{red|Direct your spear etc, If it falls etc, Strike in, don't pull, etc.}}<br/><br/></p> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <p>Gloss: Pull to his left, grasp in his right, so you catch him there without fencing.</p> | ||
| | | | ||
− | {| | + | | |
− | | | + | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007v.jpg|14|lbl=07v.1}} |
− | | | + | | |
− | | | + | | |
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|16|lbl=18r.14}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | < | + | | <p>The 1st Figure: {{red|Charge from the breast to his right hand.}}</p> |
− | | | + | | |
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022v.jpg|1|lbl=22v.1}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007v.jpg|1|lbl=07v.2}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|1|lbl=74r}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|2|lbl=165v.2}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|3|lbl=18r.1}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | <p>{{red|The 2nd Figure:}} Turn around with the horse, pull his right hand with your left.</p> |
− | | | + | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 53r.jpg|10|lbl=53r.10}} |
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022v.jpg|2|lbl=22v.2}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007v.jpg|2|lbl=07v.3}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|3|lbl=165v.23}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|4|lbl=18r.2}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | <p>The 3rd Figure: {{red|Upon the encounter, take the stirrup-strap or the weapon.}}</p> |
− | | | + | | |
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022v.jpg|3|lbl=22v.3}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007v.jpg|3|lbl=07v.4}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|3|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|4|lbl=165v.4}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|5|lbl=18r.3}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | <p>{{red|The 4th Figure:}} Plant upon him high, swing, go through or break the sword.</p> |
− | | | + | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 53r.jpg|8|lbl=53r.8}} |
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022v.jpg|4|lbl=22v.4}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007v.jpg|4|lbl=07v.5}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|4|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|5|lbl=165v.5}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|6|lbl=18r.4}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | <p>The 5th Figure: {{red|The defense precedes all meetings, striking, or thrusting.}}</p> |
− | | | + | | |
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022v.jpg|5|lbl=22v.5}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007v.jpg|5|lbl=07v.6}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|5|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|6|lbl=165v.6}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|7|lbl=18r.5}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | <p>{{red|The 6th Figure:}} Take the strong with both hands.</p> |
− | | | + | | |
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022v.jpg|6|lbl=22v.6}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007v.jpg|6|lbl=07v.7}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|6|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|7|lbl=165v.7}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|8|lbl=18r.6}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | < | + | | <p>The 7th Figure: {{red|Now begin to seek the opponent with the Slapping Stroke.}}</p> |
− | | | + | | |
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022v.jpg|9|lbl=22v.9}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007v.jpg|7|lbl=07v.8}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|7|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|8|lbl=165v.8}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|9|lbl=18r.7}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | <p>{{red|The 8th Figure:}} Turn his right hand, set the point to his eyes.</p> |
− | | | + | | |
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022v.jpg|7|lbl=22v.7}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007v.jpg|8|lbl=07v.9}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|8|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|9|lbl=165v.9}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|10|lbl=18r.8}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | <p>The 9th Figure: {{red|Who defends against the thrust, grasp his right hand in your left.}}</p> |
− | | | + | | |
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022v.jpg|8|lbl=22v.8}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007v.jpg|9|lbl=07v.10}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|9|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|10|lbl=165v.10}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|11|lbl=18r.9}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | <p>{{red|The 10th Figure:}} Seek the openings: arms, leather, gauntlets, under the eyes.</p> |
− | | | + | | |
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022v.jpg|11|lbl=22v.11}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007v.jpg|10|lbl=07v.11}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|11|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|11|lbl=165v.11}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|12|lbl=18r.10}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | <p>The 11th Figure: {{red|Press hard, push from the reins and seek his messer.}}</p> |
− | | | + | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 55r.jpg|13|lbl=55r.13}} |
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022v.jpg|10|lbl=22v.10}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007v.jpg|11|lbl=07v.12}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|10|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|12|lbl=165v.12}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|13|lbl=18r.11}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | < | + | | <p>{{red|The 12th Figure:}} With the empty hand learn two strokes against all weapons.</p> |
− | | | + | | |
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022v.jpg|12|lbl=22v.12}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007v.jpg|12|lbl=07v.13}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|12|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|13|lbl=165v.13}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|14|lbl=18r.12}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | < | + | | <p>The 13th Figure: {{red|The Sheep Grip defends against all wrestling grips under the eyes.}}</p> |
− | | | + | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 55r.jpg|3|lbl=55r.3}} |
+ | |||
+ | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 57v.jpg|2|lbl=57v.2}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022v.jpg|13|lbl=22v.13}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007v.jpg|13|lbl=07v.14}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074v.jpg|1|lbl=74v}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|14|lbl=165v.14}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|15|lbl=18r.13}} | ||
− | | | + | |- |
− | + | | <p>{{red|The 14th Figure:}} Turn around again to where the horses hasten.</p> | |
− | |||
− | | {{ | ||
− | |||
| | | | ||
− | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 | + | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|1|lbl=23r.1}} |
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008r.jpg|1|lbl=08r.1}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074v.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|15|lbl=165v.15}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|1|lbl=18v.1}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>The 15th Figure: {{red|Up close, catch the hand, turn over his face to where the nape is.}}</p> | ||
| | | | ||
− | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 | + | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|2|lbl=23r.2}} |
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008r.jpg|2|lbl=08r.2}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074v.jpg|3|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 166r.jpg|1|lbl=166r.1}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|2|lbl=18r.2}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>{{red|The 16th Figure:}} Catch the weapon from afar while you ride against him.</p> | ||
| | | | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|3|lbl=23r.3}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008r.jpg|3|lbl=08r.3}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074v.jpg|4|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 166r.jpg|2|lbl=166r.2}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|3|lbl=18r.3}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
+ | | <p>The 17th Figure: {{red|If you charge to the left, then fall to the sword pommel, jab under the eyes.}}</p> | ||
| | | | ||
− | | {{ | + | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|7|lbl=23r.7}} |
− | | | + | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008r.jpg|4|lbl=08r.4}} |
− | | | + | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074v.jpg|6|lbl=-}} |
− | | | + | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 166r.jpg|3|lbl=166r.3}} |
− | | | + | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|4|lbl=18r.4}} |
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>{{red|The 18th Figure:}} Charge to the right side with its skill.</p> | ||
| | | | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|6|lbl=23r.6}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008r.jpg|5|lbl=08r.5}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074v.jpg|5|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 166r.jpg|4|lbl=166r.4}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|5|lbl=18r.5}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>The 19th Figure: {{red|Plant the point upon him to the face.}}</p> | ||
| | | | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|4|lbl=23r.4}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008r.jpg|6|lbl=08r.6}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074v.jpg|7|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 166r.jpg|5|lbl=166r.5}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|6|lbl=18r.6}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>{{red|The 20th Figure:}} Shatter against all hits that ever happen.</p> | ||
| | | | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|5|lbl=23r.5}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008r.jpg|7|lbl=08r.7}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074v.jpg|8|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 166r.jpg|6|lbl=166r.6}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|7|lbl=18r.7}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>The 21st Figure: {{red|The strong in the beginning position yourself therein correctly.}}</p> | ||
| | | | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|10|lbl=23r.10}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008r.jpg|8|lbl=08r.8}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074v.jpg|9|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 166r.jpg|7|lbl=166r.7}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|8|lbl=18r.8}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
+ | | <p>{{red|The 22nd Figure:}} He who rushes the spear to the other is met beneath the eyes.</p> | ||
| | | | ||
− | {| | + | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|11|lbl=23r.11}} |
− | |- | + | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008r.jpg|9|lbl=08r.9}} |
− | | | + | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074v.jpg|10|lbl=-}} |
− | | | + | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 166r.jpg|8|lbl=166r.8}} |
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|9|lbl=18r.9}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | < | + | | <p>The 23rd Figure: {{red|The Unnamed Grip takes the weapon or fells him.}}</p> |
− | | | + | | |
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|8|lbl=23r.8}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008r.jpg|10|lbl=08r.10}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074v.jpg|11|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 166r.jpg|9|lbl=166r.9}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|10|lbl=18r.10}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | < | + | | <p>{{red|The 24th Figure:}} If an opponent charges you to both sides, turn around left and thus he rightly comes.</p> |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
| | | | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|9|lbl=23r.9}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008r.jpg|11|lbl=08r.11}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074v.jpg|12|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 166r.jpg|10|lbl=166r.10}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|11|lbl=18r.11}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
+ | | <p>The 25th Figure: {{red|Be mindful to take and hold the messer.}}</p> | ||
| | | | ||
− | {| | + | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|12|lbl=23r.12}} |
− | | | + | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008r.jpg|12|lbl=08r.12}} |
− | | | + | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 075r.jpg|1|lbl=75r}} |
− | | | + | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 166r.jpg|11|lbl=166r.11}} |
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|12|lbl=18r.12}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | < | + | | <p>{{red|The 26th Figure:}} Grasp over an opponent who falls upon you or ride against him.</p> |
− | | | + | | |
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|13|lbl=23r.13}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008r.jpg|13|lbl=08r.13}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 075r.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 166r.jpg|12|lbl=166r.12}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|13|lbl=18r.13}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | < | + | | class="noline" | <p>{{red|If you want to grasp, you should not fail to ride beside him. Execute the Sun Pointer to the left sleeve if you want to bend.}}</p> |
− | | | ||
− | + | <p>Who attacks you with that, grasp over against him and he will be shamed. Press the arm to the head. This grip often robs the saddle.</p> | |
− | + | | class="noline" | | |
− | | | + | | class="noline" | |
+ | | class="noline" | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008r.jpg|14|lbl=08r.14}} | ||
+ | | class="noline" | | ||
+ | | class="noline" | | ||
+ | | class="noline" | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|14|lbl=18r.14}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |} | ||
+ | {{master end}} | ||
+ | {{master begin | ||
+ | | title = Mounted Fencing | ||
+ | | width = 300em | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {| class="master" | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | < | + | ! <p>{{rating|A|Featured Translation (from the Rome)}}<br/>by [[Christian Tobler]]</p> |
− | | | + | ! <p>[[Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|Nuremberg Version]] (1400s){{edit index|Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> |
+ | ! <p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|Gotha Version]] (1448){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ||
+ | ! <p>[[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]] (1452){{edit index|Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ||
+ | ! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] (1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ||
+ | ! <p>[[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Version]] (1491){{edit index|Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ||
+ | ! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Version]] (1535-40){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p> | ||
+ | ! <p>[[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] (1512){{edit index|Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ||
+ | ! <p>[[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsburg Ⅱ Version]] (1553){{edit index|Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Werner Ueberschär]]</p> | ||
+ | ! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Version]] (1570-71){{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | {{red|b=1|This is Master Johannes Liechtenauer’s Fighting on Horseback}} |
− | | | + | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 53r.jpg|1|lbl=53r.1}} |
− | + | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|1|lbl=21Av}} | |
− | + | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|5|lbl=06r}} | |
− | + | | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|17|lbl=105r}} | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |} | ||
− | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a | ||
− | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg| | ||
− | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 | ||
− | | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 | ||
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− | |||
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− | |||
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+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017r.jpg|4|lbl=17r}} | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | {| class="zettel" |
− | | | + | |- |
− | | | + | | <small>1</small> |
− | | | + | | Direct your spear<br/> Riding against destroys |
− | | | + | |- |
+ | | <small>2</small> | ||
+ | | If it drops<br/> The end undoes him | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <small>3</small> | ||
+ | | Strike in, don’t pull<br/> From the scabbard, left to him jerk | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <small>4</small> | ||
+ | | Grasp to his right<br/> Thus you catch him without weapons work | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <small>5</small> | ||
+ | | The fighting of lance-thrusting<br/> Learn to counter calmly without haste | ||
+ | |} | ||
| | | | ||
+ | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 53r.jpg|2|lbl=53r.2|p=1}}<br/> | ||
+ | <br/> | ||
+ | <br/> | ||
+ | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 53r.jpg|5|lbl=53r.5|p=1}}<br/> | ||
+ | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 53r.jpg|9|lbl=53r.9|p=1}}<br/> | ||
+ | <br/> | ||
+ | <br/> | ||
+ | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 53r.jpg|12|lbl=53r.12|p=1}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006v.jpg|1|lbl=06v}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|1|lbl=105v}} | ||
| | | | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 163r.jpg|1|lbl=163r}} | ||
| | | | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017r.jpg|5|lbl=-}} | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
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− | | {{ | + | | {{paget|Page:MS 3227a|53v|jpg}} |
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| | | | ||
Line 1,348: | Line 1,502: | ||
{| class="zettel" | {| class="zettel" | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>6</small> |
− | | | + | | If it changes<br/> So that the sword is used against the sword |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>7</small> |
− | | | + | | Truly seize the strong<br/> You seek the Slapping Stroke |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>8</small> |
− | | | + | | And remember: learn well to strongly defend<br/> In all meetings, press him without danger |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
|} | |} | ||
− | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a | + | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 55r.jpg|1|lbl=55r}} |
− | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg| | + | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|3|lbl=-}} |
− | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006v.jpg| | + | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006v.jpg|2|lbl=-}} |
− | | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg| | + | | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|2|lbl=-}} |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
− | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 | + | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 163r.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 163v.jpg|1|lbl=163v|p=1}} |
| | | | ||
− | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017v.jpg| | + | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017v.jpg|1|lbl=17v}} |
| | | | ||
Line 1,383: | Line 1,529: | ||
{| class="zettel" | {| class="zettel" | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>9</small> |
− | | | + | | Plant upon without danger<br/> Who grazes, hang to him to the hair |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>10</small> |
− | | | + | | If you want to calmly<br/> Charge long, this troubles greatly |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>11</small> |
− | | | + | | Whoever now defends that<br/> Then wind that hurts also |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>12</small> |
− | | | + | | If he defends against this further<br/> Grasp the bridle and do not let it go |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>13</small> |
− | | | + | | Be mindful of the openings<br/> Search for the Messer, do not tend to the pommel |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | |
− | | | + | | <br/> |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>14</small> |
− | | | + | | Learn two strokes<br/> With the empty hand against the weapon |
|} | |} | ||
− | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a | + | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 55r.jpg|2|lbl=-}} |
− | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg| | + | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|4|lbl=-}} |
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006v.jpg|3|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|3|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 163v.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017v.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 55r.jpg|7|lbl=55r.7|p=1}}<br/> | ||
+ | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 55r.jpg|9|lbl=55r.9|p=1}}<br/> | ||
+ | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 55r.jpg|14|lbl=55r.14|p=1}} | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
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Line 1,426: | Line 1,585: | ||
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{| class="zettel" | {| class="zettel" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <small>15</small> | ||
+ | | The Sheep Grip fends off<br/> Him who turns to you with wrestling. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>16</small> |
− | | | + | | While under the eyes<br/> Grasp him truly with flying |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>17</small> |
− | | | + | | Who attacks you<br/> While riding towards you will be felled |
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <small>18</small> | ||
+ | | Hanging to the ground<br/> Grasp over against him truly with conduct | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <small>19</small> | ||
+ | | To both sides<br/> You should learn to ride against him | ||
|} | |} | ||
− | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a | + | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 57v.jpg|1|lbl=57v}} |
− | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg| | + | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|5|lbl=-}} |
− | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 | + | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006v.jpg|4|lbl=-}} |
− | | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg| | + | | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|4|lbl=-}} |
+ | | | ||
| | | | ||
− | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 | + | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 163v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 164r.jpg|1|lbl=164r|p=1}} |
| | | | ||
− | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017v.jpg| | + | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017v.jpg|3|lbl=-}} |
| | | | ||
Line 1,450: | Line 1,621: | ||
{| class="zettel" | {| class="zettel" | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>20</small> |
− | | | + | | If you want to ride<br/> The horse run to the other side |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>21</small> |
− | | | + | | Defend strongly<br/> Plant upon him threaten him with this |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>22</small> |
− | | | + | | Who defends against that<br/> Grasp his sword from afar, get to the handle |
− | | | + | |- |
− | + | | <small>23</small> | |
− | + | | Or turn around<br/> To calmly charge for the weapon | |
− | |||
− | | | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | + | | <small>24</small> | |
− | + | | With all skill<br/> He who charges acts to his advantage | |
− | |||
− | | <small> | ||
− | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>25</small> |
− | | | + | | If you have charged past him<br/> And unintentionally charge to the left |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>26</small> |
− | | | + | | Follow his sword upwards<br/> And wrestle, push also hard |
+ | |||
+ | |} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 58r.jpg|1|lbl=58r}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|6|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006v.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007r.jpg|1|lbl=07r|p=1}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|5|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 164r.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 164v.jpg|1|lbl=164v|p=1}} | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017v.jpg|4|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | |
− | | | + | {| class="zettel" |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>27</small> |
− | | | + | | If one charges on the right<br/> Stop; turn around; tend to the fight |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>28</small> |
− | | | + | | With the arm catch<br/> Thus he cannot manage to harm you |
|} | |} | ||
− | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a | + | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 58v.jpg|1|lbl=58v}} |
− | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 | + | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|7|lbl=-}} |
− | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007r.jpg| | + | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007r.jpg|2|lbl=-}} |
− | | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg| | + | | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|6|lbl=-}} |
| | | | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 164v.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
| | | | ||
− | + | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017v.jpg|5|lbl=-}} | |
− | |||
− | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | + | | | |
{| class="zettel" | {| class="zettel" | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>29</small> |
− | | | + | | The messer take<br/> Hold, learn to shame him |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>30</small> |
− | | | + | | The Unnamed<br/> Against the strong to turn |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>31</small> |
− | | | + | | Their strike, their thrust<br/> Is being defeated without any fencing |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
|} | |} | ||
− | {{ | + | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 58v.jpg|2|lbl=-}} |
+ | | | ||
+ | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|8|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022r.jpg|1|lbl=22r|p=1}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007r.jpg|3|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|7|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 164v.jpg|3|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017v.jpg|6|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | + | | | |
− | + | {| class="zettel" | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | | <small>32</small> | |
− | + | | If you want to grasp<br/> You should not fail to ride beside him | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | < | + | | <small>33</small> |
+ | | The Sun Pointer<br/> Take the left sleeve if you want to bend | ||
− | < | + | |- |
+ | | <small>34</small> | ||
+ | | Touch the forehead<br/> Against the nape of the neck press very hard | ||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>35</small> |
− | | | + | | So that he sways<br/> And rarely makes it up again. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>36</small> |
− | | | + | | Who attacks you with that<br/> Grasp over against him and he will be shamed |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>37</small> |
− | | | + | | Press the arm to the head<br/> This grip often robs the saddle |
+ | |||
+ | |} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 59r.jpg|1|lbl=59r}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022r.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007r.jpg|4|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|8|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 164v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165r.jpg|1|lbl=165r|p=1}} | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|1|lbl=18r}} | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | class="noline" | |
− | | | + | {| class="zettel" |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>38</small> |
− | | If you want to | + | | If you want to retain yourself<br/> From seizing |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>39</small> |
− | | | + | | Then take him into custody without wrestling<br/> Without any rope |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>40</small> |
− | | | + | | The Before Grip remember<br/> This indeed breaks his strength |
|} | |} | ||
− | | | + | | class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 59r.jpg|2|lbl=-}} |
+ | | class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022r.jpg|3|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | class="noline" | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007r.jpg|5|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|9|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | class="noline" | | ||
+ | | class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165r.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | class="noline" | | ||
+ | | class="noline" | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | class="noline" | | ||
− | + | |} | |
+ | {{master end}} | ||
− | {{ | + | {{master begin |
− | | {{ | + | | title = Short Sword |
− | | {{ | + | | width = 300em |
− | | {{ | + | }} |
− | | | + | {| class="master" |
− | + | |- | |
− | {{ | + | ! <p>{{rating|A|Featured Translation (from the Rome)}}<br/>by [[Christian Tobler]]</p> |
− | | | + | ! <p>[[Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|Nuremberg Version]] (1400s){{edit index|Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> |
− | + | ! <p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|Gotha Version]] (1448){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | |
− | {{ | + | ! <p>[[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]] (1452){{edit index|Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> |
− | + | ! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] (1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | |
+ | ! <p>[[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Version]] (1491){{edit index|Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ||
+ | ! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Version]] (1535-40){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Michael Chidester]]</p> | ||
+ | ! <p>[[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] (1512){{edit index|Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ||
+ | ! <p>[[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsburg Ⅱ Version]] (1553){{edit index|Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Werner Ueberschär]]</p> | ||
+ | ! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Version]] (1570-71){{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | <p>{{red|b=1| | + | | <p>{{red|b=1|Here begins the Art with the Short Sword in Dueling, of Master Johannes Liechtenauer, God have mercy on him,}}</p> |
+ | |||
+ | <p><br/></p> | ||
{| class="zettel" | {| class="zettel" | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>1</small> |
− | | | + | | Who dismounts<br/> Fighting on foot begins |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>2</small> |
− | | | + | | This do with the spear<br/> Two positions to begin truly |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <small>3</small> | ||
+ | | Spear and point<br/> Thrust the initial thrust without fear | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <small>4</small> | ||
+ | | Spring, wind set truly upon<br/> If he defends pull, that will defeat him | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <small>5</small> | ||
+ | | If you want to thrust before<br/> With pulling learn to break his defense | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <small>6</small> | ||
+ | | Note if he wants to pull back<br/> From harm and flee | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>7</small> |
− | | | + | | Then approach him<br/> To surely attend to grasp |
|} | |} | ||
− | | | + | | <p><br/><br/></p> |
− | + | ||
+ | <p><br/></p> | ||
− | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 048v.jpg| | + | {{paget|Page:MS 3227a|60r|jpg|p=1}} |
− | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008v.jpg| | + | | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 048v.jpg|1|lbl=48v}} |
− | | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg| | + | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008v.jpg|1|lbl=08v}} |
− | | | + | | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|10|lbl=105v}} |
− | | | + | | |
− | {{ | + | | |
− | | {{section|Page: | + | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|199r|jpg|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 199v.jpg|1|lbl=199v|p=1}} |
− | + | | | |
− | | | + | | |
+ | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|15|lbl=18v|p=1}} {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 019r.jpg|1|lbl=19r|p=1}} | ||
+ | | | ||
− | + | |- | |
+ | | <p>{{red|b=1|This is the wrestling in dueling}}</p> | ||
− | |||
− | |||
{| class="zettel" | {| class="zettel" | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small> | + | | <small>8</small> |
− | | If | + | | If you want to wrestle<br/> learn to spring correctly behind the leg |
|- | |- | ||
− | | <small>12</small> | + | | <small>9</small> |
− | | Then behold the thrusts.<br/> Spring, catch, hasten to him to wrestle | + | | A bar shoot forth<br/> That skillfully locks the leg |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <small>10</small> | ||
+ | | From both sides<br/> If you want to skillfully end | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | | {{paget|Page:MS 3227a|61v|jpg}} | ||
+ | | <p><br/></p> | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 048v.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008v.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|11|lbl=105v}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 129r.jpg|1|lbl=129r}} | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 199v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 200r.jpg|1|lbl=200r|p=1}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS 26-232 100v.png|4|lbl=100v}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 019r.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | <p><br/></p> | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 074v.png|5|lbl=74v|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 075r.png|1|lbl=75r|p=1}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | {| class="zettel" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <small>11</small> | ||
+ | | If it happens that<br/> The sword against the spear is drawn | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <small>12</small> | ||
+ | | Then behold the thrusts.<br/> Spring, catch, hasten to him to wrestle | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <small>13</small> | | <small>13</small> | ||
Line 1,714: | Line 1,952: | ||
{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 129v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 130r.jpg|1|lbl=130r|p=1}} | {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 129v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 130r.jpg|1|lbl=130r|p=1}} | ||
| class="noline" | | | class="noline" | | ||
− | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 200v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{ | + | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 200v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|201r|jpg|p=1}} |
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS 26-232 100v.png|6|lbl=-}} | | class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS 26-232 100v.png|6|lbl=-}} | ||
| class="noline" | | | class="noline" | | ||
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| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 075r.png|3|lbl=-}} | | class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 075r.png|3|lbl=-}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 13:38, 16 May 2025
Die Zettel | |
---|---|
The Recital | |
![]() | |
Full Title | A Recital on the Chivalric Art of Fencing |
Ascribed to | Johannes Liechtenauer |
Illustrated by | Unknown |
Date | Fourteenth century (?) |
Genre | |
Language | Early New High German |
Archetype(s) | Hypothetical |
Principal Manuscript(s) |
|
Manuscript(s) |
|
First Printed English Edition |
Tobler, 2010 |
Concordance by | Michael Chidester |
Translations |
Johannes Liechtenauer (Hans Lichtenauer, Lichtnawer) was a late-14th century German fencing master. The only account of his life was written by the anonymous author of the Pol Hausbuch, arguably the earliest text in the tradition, and he may have been alive at that time.[1] The text reads:
First and foremost, you should notice and remember that there's only one art of the sword, and it was discovered and developed hundreds of years ago, and it's the foundation and core of all fencing arts. Master Liechtenauer understood and practiced this art completely and correctly; he did not discover or invent it himself (as has been written previously), but rather traveled through many lands and searched for the true and correct art for the sake of experiencing and knowing it.[2]
Liechtenauer was described by many later masters as the "high master" or "grand master" of the art, and authored a long poem called the Zettel ("Recital"). Later masters in the tradition often wrote extensive glosses (commentaries) on this poem, using it to structure their own martial teachings. Liechtenauer's influence on the German fencing tradition as we currently understand it is almost impossible to overstate. The masters on Paulus Kal's roll of the Fellowship of Liechtenauer were responsible for most of the most significant fencing manuals of the 15th century, and Liechtenauer and his teachings were also the focus of the German fencing guilds that arose in the 15th and 16th centuries, including the Marxbrüder and the Veiterfechter.
Additional facts have sometimes been presumed about Liechtenauer based on often-problematic premises. The Pol Hausbuch, often erroneously dated to 1389 and presumed to be written by a direct student of Liechtenauer's, has been treated as evidence placing Liechtenauer's career in the mid-1300s.[3] However, given that the Pol Hausbuch may date as late as 1494 and the earliest records of the identifiable members of his tradition appear in the mid 1400s, it seems more probable that Liechtenauer's career occurred toward the beginning of the 15th century. Ignoring the Pol Hausbuch as being of indeterminate date, the oldest version of the Recital that is attributed to Liechtenauer was recorded by Hans Talhoffer in the MS Chart.A.558 (ca. 1448), which further supports this timeline.[4]
Contents
Treatise
Liechtenauer's teachings are preserved in a long poem of rhyming couplets called the Zettel ("Recital"), covering fencing with the "long" or extended sword (i.e. with both hands at one end of the sword), the "short" or withdrawn sword (i.e. with one hand at either end), and on horseback. These "obscure and cryptic words" were designed to prevent the uninitiated from learning the techniques they represented; they also seem to have offered a system of mnemonic devices to those who understood their significance. The Recital was treated as the core of the Art by his students, and masters such as Sigmund ain Ringeck, Peter von Danzig zum Ingolstadt, and Lew wrote extensive glosses that sought to clarify and expand upon these teachings.
In addition to the verses on mounted fencing, several treatises in the Liechtenauer tradition include a group of twenty-six "figures" (figuren)—phrases that are shorter than Liechtenauer's couplets and often arranged into the format of a Medieval tree diagram. These figures seem to encode the same teachings as the verses of the mounted fencing, and both are quoted in the mounted glosses. However, figures follow a very different structure than the Zettel does, and seem to present an alternative sequence for studying Liechtenauer's techniques. It is not known why the mounted fencing is the only section of the Recital to receive figures in addition to verse.
Seventeen manuscripts contain a presentation of at least one section of the Recital as a distinct (unglossed) section; there are dozens more presentations of the verse as part of one of the several glosses. The longest version of the Recital by far is actually found in one of these glosses, that of Pseudo-Hans Döbringer, which contains almost twice as many verses as any other; however, given that the additional verses tend to either be repetitions from elsewhere in the Recital or use a very different style from Liechtenauer's work, they are generally treated as additions by the anonymous author or his instructor rather than being part of the original Recital. The other surviving versions of the Recital from all periods show a high degree of consistency in both content and organization, excepting only the much shorter version attributed to H. Beringer (which is also included in the writings of Hans Folz).
The following concordance tables include only those texts that quote Liechtenauer's Recital in an unglossed form.[5] Most manuscripts present the Recital as prose, and those have had the text separated out into the original verses to offer a consistent view. For ease of use, this page breaks the general Wiktenauer rule that column format remain consistent across all tables on a page; the sheer number of Liechtenauer sources made this convention entirely unworkable, with more columns empty than filled, so instead the long sword table uses one layout, the mounted and short sword tables use another, and the figures use a third.
Note: This article includes a prior (2010) version of Christian Tobler's translation. A revised version of the translation was published in 2021 by Freelance Academy Press as part of The Peter von Danzig Fight Book; it can be purchased in hardcover.
Long Sword
Figures
Mounted Fencing
Short Sword
Copyright and License Summary
Additional Resources
The following is a list of publications containing scans, transcriptions, and translations relevant to this article, as well as published peer-reviewed research.
- Alte Armature und Ringkunst: The Royal Danish Library Ms. Thott 290 2º (2020). Trans. by Rebecca L. R. Garber. Ed. by Michael Chidester; Dieter Bachmann. Somerville: HEMA Bookshelf. ISBN 978-1-953683-04-5.
- Kunst und Zettel im Messer: Bavarian State Library Cgm 582 (2021). Ed. by Michael Chidester. Somerville: HEMA Bookshelf. ISBN 978-1-953683-16-8.
- Acutt, Jay (2019). Swords, Science, and Society: German Martial Arts in the Middle Ages. Glasgow: Fallen Rook Publishing. ISBN 978-0-9934216-9-3.
- Ain ringeck, Sigmund (2003). Sigmund Ringeck's Knightly Art of the Longsword. Trans. by David Lindholm. Boulder: Paladin Press. ISBN 978-1-58160-410-8.
- Ain ringeck, Sigmund (2006). Sigmund Ringeck's Knightly Arts of Combat. Trans. by David Lindholm. Boulder: Paladin Press. ISBN 978-1-58160-499-3.
- Alderson, Keith (2010). "On the Art of Reading: An Introduction to Using the Medieval German 'Fightbooks'." In the Service of Mars: Proceedings from the Western Martial Arts Workshop, 1999-2009: 251-286. Wheaton: Freelance Academy Press. ISBN 978-0-9825911-5-4.
- Alderson, Keith (2014). "Arts and Crafts of War: die Kunst des Schwerts in its Manuscript Context." Can These Bones Come to Life? Insights from Reconstruction, Reenactment, and Re-creation 1: 24-29. Wheaton: Freelance Academy Press. ISBN 978-1-937439-13-2.
- Bauer, Matthias Johannes (2014). "Ein Zedel Fechter ich mich ruem/Im Schwert un Messer ungestuem. Fechtmeister als protagonisten und als (fach)literarisches Motiv in den deutschsprachigen Fechtlehren des ittelalters und der frühen Neuzeit." Das Mittelalter 19(2): 302-325. Ed. by Christian Jaser; Uwe Israel. doi:10.1515/mial-2014-0018.
- Bauer, Matthias Johannes (2014). "Fechten lehren 'mitt verborgen vnd verdeckten worten'. Fachsprache, Dialekt, Verballhornung und Geheimsprache in frühneuhochdeutschen Zweikampftraktaten." Das Schwert – Symbol und Waffe: 163-172. Ed. by Lisa Deutscher; Mirjam Kaiser; Sixt Wetzler. Rahden: Verlag Marie Leidorf GmbH. ISBN 978-3-89646-795-9.
- Bauer, Matthias Johannes (2016). 'Der Alten Fechter gründtliche Kunst' – Das Frankfurter oder Egenolffsche Fechtbuch. Untersuchung und Edition. München: Herbert Utz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8316-4559-6.
- Bergner, Ute; Johannes Gießauf (2006). Würgegriff und Mordschlag. Die Fecht- und Ringlehre des Hans Czynner (1538). Graz: Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt. ISBN 978-3-201-01855-5.
- Burkart, Eric (2016). "The Autograph of an Erudite Martial Artist: A Close Reading of Nuremberg, Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Hs. 3227a." Late Medieval and Early Modern Fight Books. Transmission and Tradition of Martial Arts in Europe: 451-480. Ed. by Daniel Jaquet; Karin Verelst; Timothy Dawson. Leiden and Boston: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004324725_017. ISBN 978-90-04-31241-8.
- Burkart, Eric (2020). "Informationsverarbeitung durch autographe Notizen: Die ältesten Aufzeichnungen zur Kampfkunst des Johannes Liechtenauer als Spuren einer Aneignung praktischen Wissens." Mittelalter. Interdisziplinäre Forschung und Rezeptionsgeschichte S2: 117-158. doi:10.26012/mittelalter-25866.
- Cheney, Stephen (2020). Ringeck • Danzig • Lew Longsword. Self-published. ISBN 979-8649845441.
- Chidester, Michael (2021). The Long Sword Gloss of GNM Manuscript 3227a. Somerville: HEMA Bookshelf. ISBN 978-1-953683-13-7.
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References
- ↑ When German writers were aware that a person was dead, they would add a formulaic blessing after their name (i.e., "God have mercy on him"); this manuscript doesn't, but 15th century manuscripts do.
- ↑ See folio 13v, trans. by Michael Chidester.
- ↑ Christian Henry Tobler. "Chicken and Eggs: Which Master Came First?" In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval German Fighting Arts. Wheaton, IL: Freelance Academy Press, 2010. p6
- ↑ There is one version of the Recital that predates Talhoffer's, recorded in MS G.B.f.18a (ca. 1418-28) and attributed to an H. Beringer; this also conforms to a 15th century timeline and suggests the possibility that Liechtenauer was himself an inheritor of the teachings contained in the Zettel rather than its original composer (presentations of the Recital that are entirely unattributed exist in other 15th and 16th century manuscripts). Alternatively, the Beringer verse, which includes only portions of the Recital on the Long Sword, may represent just one of the teachings that Liechtenauer received and compiled over the course of the journeys described in the Pol Hausbuch.
- ↑ The figures are often given as a preamble for the gloss of Lew, and a fragment of the short sword to the teachings of Martin Huntsfeld, but those instances will not be included below and instead treated as part of those treatises.
- ↑ Text adds an additional couplet: "kunt er chunst / er mocht wol eren erwerben".
- ↑ The text diverges here, omitting Liechtenauer's couplet and inserting this quatrain instead: "Dagge swert stãge lãse schon / Messer bockler has vñ rõken / Taegñ darde vnd schilt / Miden allen zu ringe~ uff du wilt".
- ↑ Text adds an additional couplet: "kündt er kunst er möcht ere erwerben".
- ↑ First letter almost illegible.
- ↑ First letter illegible.
- ↑ Talhoffer adds the following couplet: "Nun merck aber furbaß / und verstand ouch gar rechte daz".
- ↑ Text terminates at this point. The leaves with the rest of the text are gone, probably lost.
- ↑ l corrected from t.
- ↑ kam
- ↑ deinen
- ↑ faler
- ↑ Talhoffer breaks up the Haupstucke differently, and inserts the following additional couplet: "überlouffen bind wol an / nit stand luog waß er kan".
- ↑ Gotha inserts the title Das ist der krieck in this position, but no other version separates it in that way.
- ↑ Text adds an additional couplet: "hastu es vernomen zu kain / schlag mag er komen".
- ↑ Text adds an additional couplet: "hast dus vernomen / zu kaim schlag mag er komen".
- ↑ Text adds an additional couplet: "hastu es vernomen / zu kainen schlag mag er komen."
- ↑ Talhoffer expands upon Liechtenauer's couplet and adds two additional lines: "und erschrick ab kainem man / stand und sich in ernstlich an".
- ↑ Text adds an additional line: "das son ich vernomen".
- ↑ Text adds an additional line: "ha das han ich vernomen".
- ↑ There is no space between "Dupliere" and "doniden", the "D" was possibly added later.
- ↑ Text adds an additional line: "dz haw ich vermunen??".
- ↑ Corrected from »Im«.
- ↑ The text doubles the title of this section.
- ↑ Jump up to: 29.0 29.1 Corrected from »Twir«.
- ↑ haust
- ↑ Talhoffer adds an additional couplet: [4r] "So machst du in wol betöwben / Die faller in kunst berowben"
- ↑ Hier hat der Schreiber offensichtlich ein Häkchen vergessen.
- ↑ should be "dreffen"
- ↑ This section is followed by one titled "Von durchlauffen ab seczen", which repeat the verse on Absetzen.
- ↑ Talhoffer adds four additional verses: "und gang nach an den man / stoss mit dem ghiltz schon / wiltu denn nit schallen / so hastu zway eynfallen".
- ↑ Text adds an additional couplet: "Das schwertt bind / zu der fleche truck in die hend".
- ↑ Text adds an additional couplet: "Das schwert binden / zu der flech trukh in die hand"
- ↑ Talhoffer begins this section with two additional verses: "wer dir zestarck welle sin / heng fall im oben eyn".
- ↑ Text adds an additional couplet: "thutt er sich gegen dir greisen / schlagen das er seisse".
- ↑ Text adds an additional couplet: "thutt er sich gegen dir greifen / schlagen das er Seise".
- ↑ Text adds an additional couplet: "thuet er sich gegen dir raisen / schlagen dz er seisse."
- ↑ A guide letter “w” is visible under the “U” (apparently ignored by the rubricator), making the intended word “Wer”.
- ↑ Hier ist anscheinend dem Schreiber das Leerzeichen verrutscht.