Wiktenauer logo.png

Difference between revisions of "Andre Paurenfeyndt"

From Wiktenauer
Jump to navigation Jump to search
 
Line 478: Line 478:
  
 
<p>Step and strike through to the opponent's ear from above with the long edge. The second step and strike down from above to the right ear with the short edge. The third, strike from behind with the long edge.</p>
 
<p>Step and strike through to the opponent's ear from above with the long edge. The second step and strike down from above to the right ear with the short edge. The third, strike from behind with the long edge.</p>
| <p>'''Cross or direct strike'''</p>
+
| <p>'''With cross or direct strike'''</p>
  
 
<p>Step and strike from above with your long edge through his left ear. Secondly, step and strike with the short edge from above down to his right ear. Thirdly, shoot back behind with the long edge.</p>
 
<p>Step and strike from above with your long edge through his left ear. Secondly, step and strike with the short edge from above down to his right ear. Thirdly, shoot back behind with the long edge.</p>
Line 608: Line 608:
  
 
<p>You can also undertake shooting through from the high point. Cut down from above and with the short edge and inverted hand, down through the roses and into the opponent's face. Let it briefly run off and follow up with the long edge.</p>
 
<p>You can also undertake shooting through from the high point. Cut down from above and with the short edge and inverted hand, down through the roses and into the opponent's face. Let it briefly run off and follow up with the long edge.</p>
| <p>'''Pass below<ref>This is likely a typo as "passer dessoubz" is only used once. "Passer oultre" (translated as "pass over") is used more frequently.</ref>'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Pass below<ref>"Passer dessoubz" is only used once. "Passer oultre" (translated as "pass beyond") is used more frequently.</ref>'''</p>
  
<p>Pass over can also take off from the high point. Take it from high to low through the roses with crossed hands and the short edge in his face, and let it run downwards briefly to the long edge, and step after.</p>
+
<p>Pass beyond can also take off from the high point. Take it from high to low through the roses with crossed hands and the short edge in his face, and let it run downwards briefly to the long edge, and step after.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/15|5|lbl=8.5}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/15|5|lbl=8.5}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/16|4|lbl=6r.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/16|4|lbl=6r.4}}
Line 622: Line 622:
 
| <p>'''Break'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Break'''</p>
  
<p>When someone passes above<ref>This is likely another synonym for "passer oultre" (translated as "pass over").</ref> you and wants to put the short edge to you so that you otherwise cannot work, take the edge of your sword and strike the cross on his head.</p>
+
<p>When someone passes above<ref>This is likely another synonym for "passer oultre" (translated as "pass beyond").</ref> you and wants to put the short edge on you so that you otherwise cannot work, take the edge of your sword and strike the cross on his head.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/15|6|lbl=8.6}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/15|6|lbl=8.6}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/16|5|lbl=6r.5}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/16|5|lbl=6r.5}}
Line 691: Line 691:
 
| <p>'''Break'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Break'''</p>
  
<p>Drive him out from above when he is in the iron lock, and he moves for nothing and opens himself.</p>
+
<p>Chase him from above when he is in the iron lock, and he moves for nothing and opens himself.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/17|3|lbl=10.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/17|3|lbl=10.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/20|3|lbl=8r.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/20|3|lbl=8r.3}}
Line 703: Line 703:
 
| <p>'''Shoot over'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Shoot over'''</p>
  
<p>Lower yourself as before with the hands crossed and step with the short edge. Shoot over to his left ear, and turn your hands away and strike with the long edge towards him.</p>
+
<p>Lower yourself as before with the hands crossed and step with the short edge shoot over on his left ear, and turn your hands away and strike with the long edge after him.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/17|4|lbl=10.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/17|4|lbl=10.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/20|4|lbl=8r.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/20|4|lbl=8r.4}}
Line 819: Line 819:
 
| <p>'''Break'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Break'''</p>
  
<p>Chase from the right hand and the right foot forward. If he lies coy in the hanging point, put the short edge to his left ear, and he will [not] pull back, because if he pulls back he opens himself.</p>
+
<p>Chase from the right hand the right foot forward. If he lies coy in the hanging point, put the short edge to his left ear, and he will [not] pull back, because if he pulls back he opens himself.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/19|4|lbl=12.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/19|4|lbl=12.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/19|3|lbl=7v.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/19|3|lbl=7v.3}}
Line 879: Line 879:
 
| <p>'''Grip'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Grip'''</p>
  
<p>The grip can also be taken out from the high point. Take your right hand high on your cross so that the blade must lie flat, and if someone strikes towards you, strike against him with such force that you pressure his sword, and pull back with your flat to his right ear, and raise your cut high.</p>
+
<p>The grip can also be taken out from the high point. Take your right hand high on your cross so that the blade must lie flat, and if someone strikes after you, strike against him with such force that you pressure his sword, and pull back with your flat to his right ear, and raise your cut high.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/21|2|lbl=14.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/21|2|lbl=14.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/17|2|lbl=6v.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/17|2|lbl=6v.2}}
Line 891: Line 891:
 
| <p>'''Break'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Break'''</p>
  
<p>When someone grips against you, offer him the blade and pull the cut short to long towards you or break with the flying over or with the by-right strike.</p>
+
<p>When someone grips against you, offer him the blade and pull the cut short to long towards you or break with the flying over or by direct strike.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/21|3|lbl=14.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/21|3|lbl=14.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/17|3|lbl=6v.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/17|3|lbl=6v.3}}
Line 1,443: Line 1,443:
 
| <p>'''For a hold at the bottom'''</p>
 
| <p>'''For a hold at the bottom'''</p>
  
<p>If you throw him on his belly and are sitting on him, pass over his arms and break them</p>
+
<p>If you throw him on his belly and are sitting on him, pass beyond his arms and break them</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/33|7|lbl=26.7}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/33|7|lbl=26.7}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/28|8|lbl=12r.8}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/28|8|lbl=12r.8}}
Line 1,525: Line 1,525:
 
| <p>'''For a hold at the bottom.'''</p>
 
| <p>'''For a hold at the bottom.'''</p>
  
<p>If you throw him on his belly and if you fall on his back with your right knee, with your left hand pass over his hair on his head and in pulling it up and turning his neck, he will drop again on his belly if he wants to get up.</p>
+
<p>If you throw him on his belly and if you fall on his back with your right knee, with your left hand pass beyond his hair on his head and in pulling it up and turning his neck, he will drop again on his belly if he wants to get up.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/35|6|lbl=28.6}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/35|6|lbl=28.6}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/28|7|lbl=12r.7}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/28|7|lbl=12r.7}}
Line 1,670: Line 1,670:
 
| <p>'''Fight to move into him.'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Fight to move into him.'''</p>
  
<p>When you fight with someone and approach him and if you come in the cross and drive him out, calmly turning from one side to the other, let your tip remain in front of you so that you can make the defense. And note this next: strengthen after with the long edge and from that perform all of the aforementioned cases or pieces. You can also defend with the point and break him by striking and disengaging, seeking defense with the tip.</p>
+
<p>When you fight with someone and approach him and if you come in the cross and chase him, coyly turning from one side to the other, let your tip remain in front of you so that you can make the defense. And note this next: strengthen after with the long edge and from that perform all of the aforementioned cases or pieces. You can also defend with the point and break him by striking and disengaging, seeking defense with the tip.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/39|4|lbl=32.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/39|4|lbl=32.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/30|4|lbl=13r.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/30|4|lbl=13r.4}}
Line 1,794: Line 1,794:
 
| <p>'''Battle piece.'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Battle piece.'''</p>
  
<p>Thrust inwards at him towards his face and pass over, and also thrust him outwards to his face. If he defends that, advance with your left foot between both of his legs and pass with the pommel over his left leg to bend his knee. And raise him up with this pommel, pushing him with your shoulder above. Thus he will fall.</p>
+
<p>Thrust him inwards after his face and pass beyond, and also thrust him outwards to his face. If he defends that, advance with your left foot between both of his legs and pass with the pommel over his left leg to bend his knee. And raise him up with this pommel, pushing him with your shoulder above. Thus he will fall.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/45|1|lbl=38.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/45|1|lbl=38.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/30|5|lbl=13r.5}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/30|5|lbl=13r.5}}
Line 1,819: Line 1,819:
 
| <p>'''Battle piece.'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Battle piece.'''</p>
  
<p>Thrust inwards at him towards his face and touch him with the sword. If he defends himself, pull back and thrust him to the other side. If he too defends this and launches descending to your ear, advance with your pommel over his shoulders around his neck, jumping with your right foot behind his left, and make him fall over.</p>
+
<p>Thrust him inwards after his face and touch him with the sword. If he defends himself, pull back and thrust him to the other side. If he too defends this and launches descending to your ear, advance with your pommel over his shoulders around his neck, jumping with your right foot behind his left, and make him fall over.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/45|3|lbl=38.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/45|3|lbl=38.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/31|2|lbl=13v.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/31|2|lbl=13v.2}}
Line 1,934: Line 1,934:
 
| <p>'''The second instruction'''</p>
 
| <p>'''The second instruction'''</p>
  
<p>If you are high on your right side, if you have the sword on the right hand and the tip on the left, and if he thrusts against you from below, then you can pass over. Then if you want, you can place your tip downwards and snap his sword up to your pommel and pull him in. Or when you have put your tip downwards, strike with your pommel towards his knee or move his blade into his neck and pull him down in front of you. And if you have struck with the sword on the left hand and the tip on the right and if he thrusts towards you from below, run the pommel down and take his sword to yours and move the tip in his neck and step backwards.</p>
+
<p>If you are high on your right side, if you have the sword on the right hand and the tip on the left, and if he thrusts against you from below, then you can pass beyond. Then if you want, you can place your tip downwards and snap his sword up to your pommel and pull him in. Or when you have put your tip downwards, strike with your pommel towards his knee or move his blade into his neck and pull him down in front of you. And if you have struck with the sword on the left hand and the tip on the right and if he thrusts towards you from below, run the pommel down and take his sword to yours and move the tip in his neck and step backwards.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/51|1|lbl=44.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/51|1|lbl=44.1}}
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,965: Line 1,965:
 
| <p>'''The fourth instruction'''</p>
 
| <p>'''The fourth instruction'''</p>
  
<p>If you are then at your left side and if he thrusts from above towards you and you have your sword on your right hand and the tip on the left hand, defend with the half sword such that the tip comes high in the defense and turn inside with your pommel in his left arm to the tip outside his right arm. If he lets go, move your pommel in between his legs and press high. This can oftentimes be done when you turn in, but always step backwards in turning. Then if you take your sword on the left hand and the tip on the right and if he thrusts then turn with the tip in his right arm to the pommel outside to his right arm and pull him forward. In the aforementioned pieces you turn your point high, thus you can turn and pass over from low and from high. And if someone strikes towards you, be ready to stretch and turn in.</p>
+
<p>If you are then at your left side and if he thrusts from above towards you and you have your sword on your right hand and the tip on the left hand, defend with the half sword such that the tip comes high in the defense and turn inside with your pommel in his left arm to the tip outside his right arm. If he lets go, move your pommel in between his legs and press high. This can oftentimes be done when you turn in, but always step backwards in turning. Then if you take your sword on the left hand and the tip on the right and if he thrusts then turn with the tip in his right arm to the pommel outside to his right arm and pull him forward. In the aforementioned pieces you turn your point high, thus you can turn and pass beyond from low and from high. And if someone strikes after you, be ready to stretch and turn in.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/53|1|lbl=46.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/53|1|lbl=46.1}}
 
|  
 
|  
Line 2,104: Line 2,104:
 
| <p>'''Mutilation cut'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Mutilation cut'''</p>
  
<p>If someone moves to you in long point like so, and if someone strikes towards you, thrust him with your sword from low to high into his arm. Thus he will mutilate himself.</p>
+
<p>If someone moves to you in long point like so, and if someone strikes after you, thrust him with your sword from low to high into his arm. Thus he will mutilate himself.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/57|4|lbl=50.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/57|4|lbl=50.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/37|3|lbl=18v.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/37|3|lbl=18v.3}}
Line 2,153: Line 2,153:
 
| <p>'''Flying over'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Flying over'''</p>
  
<p>Take from high point the flying over cut, the left foot forward of your sword with arms extended high, and strike with a step to his left ear, letting your sword pass over. Step again and launch at his right ear with the high defense.</p>
+
<p>Take from high point the flying over cut, the left foot forward, your sword with arms extended high, and strike with a step to his left ear, letting your sword pass beyond. Step again and launch at his right ear with the high defense.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/59|3|lbl=52.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/59|3|lbl=52.3}}
 
|  
 
|  
Line 2,197: Line 2,197:
 
| <p>'''Piece'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Piece'''</p>
  
<p>Put the left foot forward such that your sword is somewhere with the point in front of your foot, and if someone strikes towards you, then take the launching cut from above with the back of your sword, or thrust him with the point high to his face, or pull around to his neck with the launching peasants cut.</p>
+
<p>Put the left foot forward such that your sword is somewhere with the point in front of your foot, and if someone strikes after you, then take the launching cut from above with the back of your sword, or thrust him with the point high to his face, or pull around to his neck with the launching peasants cut.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/61|1|lbl=54.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/61|1|lbl=54.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/38|4|lbl=19r.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/38|4|lbl=19r.4}}
Line 2,233: Line 2,233:
 
| <p>'''Break'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Break'''</p>
  
<p>If someone is against you as such and you hew straight in against him, letting the first cut launch well short, pass over, then step and strike the long edge from above to his face.</p>
+
<p>If someone is as such directly against you, so direct hew in against him, letting the first cut launching pass beyond well short, then step and strike the long edge from above to his face.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/61|4|lbl=54.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/61|4|lbl=54.4}}
 
|  
 
|  

Latest revision as of 08:39, 31 December 2024

Andre Paurenfeyndt
Born 15th century
Died 16th century
Occupation
Nationality German
Patron Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg
Movement Liechtenauer Tradition
Influences Johannes Liechtenauer
Influenced
Genres
Language Early New High German
Notable work(s) Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der
Fechterey
(1516)
Manuscript(s)
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations Deutsch-Übersetzung

Andre Paurenfeyndt (Paurñfeyndt, Paurñfeindt) was a 16th century German Freifechter. He was born in Ernsbrunn in Lower Austria, and he enrolled in the Universität Wien on 13 October 1512.[1] He mentions in his introduction that he served as a bodyguard to Cardinal Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg (1468-1540).[2] In 1516, he wrote and published a fencing manual entitled Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey ("Founding of the Chivalric Art of Swordplay"), which seems to have been the first illustrated fencing treatise ever published.[3] Little else is known about the life of this master, but he describes himself as a Freifechter and the contents of his book make it clear that he was associated with the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer. His treatise diverges significantly from the earlier teachings of the Liechtenauer tradition, which may be due to his stated purpose of writing for beginning fencers.

Treatise

Please note that only the first edition (1516) has the complete set of illustrations, and all later versions are disorganized and incomplete; this article follows the order of plays and illustrations laid out in the original, and the variant sequences can be viewed on the transcription pages. Egenolff's illustrations are rather different from Paurenfeyndt's, and smaller thumbnails are included where applicable. Furthermore, the illustrations on pages 57 and 59 of the 1516 don't seem to relate to the plays described on 58 and 60, since they show pairs of fencers with dussacks while the text indicates that one of them should be unarmed. They are included here for reference, but the Egenolff illustrations (which are original and not based on Paurenfeyndt) are the ones that seem to depict something similar to the plays as described. While the Twelve Rules for the Beginning Fencer are unillustrated in Paurenfeyndt's work, this presentation includes the illustrations for six of the twelve found in the MS B.200 (1524).

Rather than presenting the treatise transcriptions chronologically, this concordance groups the three complete German texts together (including Lienhart Sollinger's 1564 copy), followed by the 1538 French translation. There are three shorter manuscript fragments of the German text, and these have been added in additional columns on the far end of the table in only the sections where they appear.

Additional Resources

The following is a list of publications containing scans, transcriptions, and translations relevant to this article, as well as published peer-reviewed research.

References

  1. Bauer 2016, p. 99.
  2. Ott, Michael. "Matthew Lang." The Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol. 8. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910.
  3. Anglo, Sydney. The Martial Arts of Renaissance Europe. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2000. p. 46.
  4. lit: foot, but can and often mean the leg
  5. alt: flesh wounds, tag hits.
  6. The word used is "coup", which could be translated as "attack", "cut", or "blow". In this context it is referring to the edge. Henceforth I will be translating it as "edge" instead.
  7. Likely an error. Crombe is a northern Middle French word for “hunched” (e.g. a person) or “crooked”.
  8. literally: cut through agains their strike. The separable durch-hauen means to strike through something to create an opening. See: https://www.woerterbuchnetz.de/DWB2/2DURCHHAUEN
  9. Text cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: er nit kumeñ
  10. "Passer dessoubz" is only used once. "Passer oultre" (translated as "pass beyond") is used more frequently.
  11. This is likely another synonym for "passer oultre" (translated as "pass beyond").
  12. Text cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: Wan dir ainer die kurcz schneid vberscheust so wendt den straich ab, so kumpt dir straich wider straich, vnd gleiche arbait
  13. alt: points, ends
  14. Text cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: so entplest er sich
  15. Text cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: zuck vnd haw mit langer schneid nach
  16. Bottom cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: schwert mit dem knopf vnter dein recht uxñ
  17. Bottom cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: schon, die stich trucke mit schnitten sy ab czucke
  18. This is the zwerch.
  19. This is the sprechfenster.
  20. This seems to be a print error in which the typesetter jumped from one instance of mit der langen schneid to the next, skipping the text in between.
  21. Lit. “Pass in change.”
  22. Possibly a mistranslation of “verkerker” as “imprisoner” or "deffendeur" is the French jargon for "verkeren".
  23. Lit. turned as in “soured” or “embittered”.
  24. Zornhau.
  25. Top cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: yglichs in dreu wunder
  26. Corrected from »lanngem«
  27. Possibly referring to the dussack.
  28. Text cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: vmbsunst vrsach halben er mag kain folling straich auff dich habñ
  29. Erreur d'impression?
  30. Transcription says cut.
  31. Bottom cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: dar uber
  32. Bottom cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: arm
  33. Rephrasing of Ovid's "Cunctis qui placeat non credo quomodo vivat".
  34. Rephrasing of the proverb from Pliny, "ne supra crepidam sutor iudicaret".
  35. Hieronymous Büttner