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{| class="master sortable"
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<table class="master">
|-
+
<tr>
! <p>{{rating|A|Featured Translation (from the Rome)}}<br/>by [[Christian Tobler]]</p>
+
  <th id="LSTobler0"><p>{{rating|A|Featured Translation (from the Rome)}}<br/>by [[Christian Tobler]]</p></th>
! <p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|Gotha Version]] (1448){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
  <th id="LSGotha0"><p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|Gotha Version]] (1448){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p></th>
! <p>[[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]] (1452){{edit index|Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
  <th id="LSRome0"><p>[[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]] (1452){{edit index|Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p></th>
! <p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Thott.290.2º)|Copenhagen Version]] (1459){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Thott.290.2º)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
  <th id="LSCopenhagen0"><p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Thott.290.2º)|Copenhagen Version]] (1459){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Thott.290.2º)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p></th>
! <p>[[Wolfenbüttel Picture Book (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º)|Wolfenbüttel Ⅰ Version]] (ca. 1465-80){{edit index|Wolfenbüttel Picture Book (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
  <th id="LSWolfenbüttela0"><p>[[Wolfenbüttel Picture Book (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º)|Wolfenbüttel Ⅰ Version]] (ca. 1465-80){{edit index|Wolfenbüttel Picture Book (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p></th>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (ca. 1470){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
  <th id="LSMunicha0"><p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (ca. 1470){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p></th>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Version]] (1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
  <th id="LS0Viennaa"><p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Version]] (1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p></th>
! <p>[[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|Dresden Version]] A (ca. 1504-19){{edit index|Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
  <th id="LS0Dresdena"><p>[[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|Dresden Version]] A (ca. 1504-19){{edit index|Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p></th>
! <p>[[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|Dresden Version]] B (ca. 1504-19){{edit index|Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
  <th id="LS0Dresdenb"><p>[[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|Dresden Version]] B (ca. 1504-19){{edit index|Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p></th>
! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Version]] (1535-40){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Grzegorz Żabiński]]</p>
+
  <th id="LS0Krakow"><p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Version]] (1535-40){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Grzegorz Żabiński]]</p></th>
! <p>[[Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cgm 3711)|Munich Ⅱ Version]] (1523){{edit index|Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cgm 3711)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Filip Lampart]] and [[Martin Fabian]]</p>
+
  <th id="LS0Munichb"><p>[[Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cgm 3711)|Munich Ⅱ Version]] (1523){{edit index|Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cgm 3711)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Filip Lampart]] and [[Martin Fabian]]</p></th>
! <p>[[Wilhalm/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)|Augsburg Ⅰ Version]] (1523){{edit index|Wilhalm/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
  <th id="LS0Augsburga"><p>[[Wilhalm/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)|Augsburg Ⅰ Version]] (1523){{edit index|Wilhalm/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p></th>
! <p>[[Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)|Glasgow Version]] (1533){{edit index|Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)}}<br/></p>
+
  <th id="LS0Glasgowa"><p>[[Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)|Glasgow Version]] (1533){{edit index|Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)}}<br/></p></th>
! <p>[[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsburg Ⅱ Version]] (1553){{edit index|Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Werner Ueberschär]]</p>
+
  <th id="LS0Augsburgb"><p>[[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsburg Ⅱ Version]] (1553){{edit index|Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Werner Ueberschär]]</p></th>
! <p>[[Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)|Munich Ⅲ Version]] (1556){{edit index|Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)}}<br/></p><br/>
+
  <th id="LS0Munichc"><p>[[Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)|Munich Ⅲ Version]] (1556){{edit index|Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)}}<br/></p><br/></th>
! <p>[[Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)|Wolfenbüttel Ⅱ Version]] (ca. 1588){{edit index|Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
+
  <th id="LS0Wolfenbüttelb"><p>[[Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)|Wolfenbüttel Ⅱ Version]] (ca. 1588){{edit index|Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p></th>
 
+
</tr>
|-
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|1
| <p>{{red|b=1|Here begins the epitome on the knightly art of combat that was composed and created by Johannes Liechtenauer, who was a great master in the art, God have mercy on him;}}<br/><br/></p>
 
 
 
<p>first with the long sword, then with the lance and sword on horseback, and then with the short sword in armoured combat. Because the art belongs to princes and lords, knights and squires, and they should know and learn this art, he has written of this art in hidden and secret words, so that not everyone will grasp and understand it, as you will find described below. And he has done this on account of frivolous fight masters who mistake the art as trivial, so that such masters will not make his art common or open with people who do not hold the art in respect as is its due.</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018r.jpg|1|lbl=18r.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018r.jpg|1|lbl=18r.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 003r.jpg|1|lbl=03r.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 003r.jpg|1|lbl=03r.1}}
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|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|2
| <p>{{red|b=1|This is the Prologue}}</p>
 
 
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-
 
| <small>1</small>
 
| Young knight, learn<br/>&emsp;to love god and revere women;
 
|-
 
| <small>2</small>
 
| thus your honor will grow.<br/>&emsp;Practice knighthood and learn
 
|-
 
| <small>3</small>
 
| the Art that dignifies you,<br/>&emsp;and brings you honor in wars.
 
|-
 
| <small>4</small>
 
| Be a good grappler in wrestling;<br/>&emsp;lance, spear, sword, and messer
 
|-
 
| <small>5</small>
 
| handle manfully,<br/>&emsp;and foil them in your opponent's hands.
 
|-
 
| <small>6</small>
 
| Strike in and hasten forth;<br/>&emsp;rush to, let it hit, or go by.
 
|-
 
| <small>7</small>
 
| Thus those with wisdom, the ones who<br/>&emsp;are revered, will envy him.
 
|-
 
| <small>8</small>
 
| This you should grasp:<br/>&emsp;All arts have length and measure.
 
|}
 
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
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|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|3
| <p>{{red|b=1|This is a general teaching of the long sword}}<br/><br/></p>
 
 
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-
 
| <small>9</small>
 
| If you want to behold the art,<br/>&emsp;See that you go on the left and strike with the right.
 
|-
 
| <small>10</small>
 
| And left to right,<br/>&emsp;is how you strongly want to fight.
 
|-
 
| <small>11</small>
 
| He who follows the strokes,<br/>&emsp;should rejoice little in his art.
 
|-
 
| <small>12</small>
 
| Strike close whatever you will,<br/>&emsp;no Changer will come into your shield.
 
|-
 
| <small>13</small>
 
| To the head, to the body<br/>&emsp;do not shun the Tag-Hits.
 
|-
 
| <small>14</small>
 
| Fight with the entire body,<br/>&emsp;What you powerfully want to do.
 
|-
 
| <small>15</small>
 
| Listen to what is wrong,<br/>&emsp;do not fight above on the left if you are righthanded;
 
|-
 
| <small>16</small>
 
| and if you are lefthanded,<br/>&emsp;on the right you limp as well.
 
|-
 
| <small>17</small>
 
| Before and After, these two things,<br/>&emsp;are to all skill a well-spring.
 
|-
 
| <small>18</small>
 
| Weak and Strong,<br/>&emsp;Always remember the word Instantly.
 
|-
 
| <small>19</small>
 
| So you may learn<br/>&emsp;To work and defend with skill.
 
|-
 
| <small>20</small>
 
| If you are easily intimidated,<br/>&emsp;no fencing should you learn.
 
|-
 
| <small>21</small>
 
| Learn five strokes<br/>&emsp;from the right side against the opposition.
 
|-
 
| <small>22</small>
 
| Then we promise<br/>&emsp;that your arts will be rewarded.
 
|}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018r.jpg|3|lbl=18r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|1|lbl=18v.1|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018r.jpg|3|lbl=18r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|1|lbl=18v.1|p=1}}
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|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|1|lbl=48r.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|1|lbl=48r.1}}
<section begin="Hauptstücke"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|This is the text:}}<br/><br/></p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|4
|-
 
| <small>23</small>
 
| Wrath Stroke, Crooked, Thwart,<br/>&emsp;Squinter and Scalper,
 
|-
 
| <small>24</small>
 
| Fool parries<br/>&emsp;chasing, overrunning gives strokes,
 
|-
 
| <small>25</small>
 
| change through, pull,<br/>&emsp;run through, slice off, press the hands,
 
|-
 
| <small>26</small>
 
| hang, wind with the openings;<br/>&emsp;strike, catch, slash, thrust with jabs.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|2|lbl=18v.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|2|lbl=18v.2}}
 
|  
 
|  
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|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|2|lbl=48r.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|2|lbl=48r.2}}
<section end="Hauptstücke"/><section begin="Zornhaw"/><section begin="Krieg"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|The Wrath Stroke}}</p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|5
|-
 
| <small>27</small>
 
| Who strikes at you above,<br/>&emsp;the Wrath stroke threatens him with the point.
 
|-
 
| <small>28</small>
 
| If he becomes aware of it,<br/>&emsp;take it away above without fear.
 
|-
 
| <small>29</small>
 
| Be strong against it;<br/>&emsp;wind, thrust. If he sees that, take it down.
 
|-
 
| <small>30</small>
 
| Note this:<br/>&emsp;strike, thrust, posture, soft or hard,
 
|-
 
| <small>31</small>
 
| Instantly, and Before and After.<br/>&emsp;Your War should not be in haste.
 
|-
 
| <small>32</small>
 
| Who to the War tends above,<br/>&emsp;gets ashamed below.
 
|-
 
| <small>33</small>
 
| In all winding<br/>&emsp;learn to find stroke, thrust, and slice.
 
|-
 
| <small>34</small>
 
| Also you should<br/>&emsp;Apply stroke, thrust, or slice,
 
|-
 
| <small>35</small>
 
| In all encounters,<br/>&emsp;if you want to fool the masters.
 
|}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|3|lbl=18v.3|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|3|lbl=18v.3|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}
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|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|3|lbl=48r.3|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|3|lbl=48r.3|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}
<section end="Zornhaw"/><section begin="Blossen"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|The Four Openings}}</p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|6
|-
 
| <small>36</small>
 
| Four openings know,<br/>&emsp;aim: so you hit certainly,
 
|-
 
| <small>37</small>
 
| Without any danger<br/>&emsp;without regard for how he acts;
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|1|lbl=19r.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|1|lbl=19r.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004r.jpg|4|lbl=04r.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004r.jpg|4|lbl=04r.3}}
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|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|5|lbl=48r.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|5|lbl=48r.4}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|7
| <p>{{red|b=1|To Counter the Four Openings}}</p>
 
 
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-
 
| <small>38</small>
 
| If you want to avenge yourself,<br/>&emsp;break the four openings with skill:
 
|-
 
| <small>39</small>
 
| Double above,<br/>&emsp;transmute below correctly.
 
|-
 
| <small>40</small>
 
| I say to you truthfully:<br/>&emsp;no one can defend himself without danger;
 
|-
 
| <small>41</small>
 
| If you have correctly learned,<br/>&emsp;he will scarcely manage to strike.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|2|lbl=19r.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|2|lbl=19r.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004r.jpg|5|lbl=04r.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004r.jpg|5|lbl=04r.4}}
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|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|6|lbl=48r.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|1|lbl=48v.1|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|6|lbl=48r.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|1|lbl=48v.1|p=1}}
<section end="Blossen"/><section begin="Krumphaw"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|The Crooked Stroke}}</p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|8
|-
 
| <small>42</small>
 
| Crooked on him with nimbleness,<br/>&emsp;throw the point on the hands.
 
|-
 
| <small>43</small>
 
| Who performs the crooked well,<br/>&emsp;with stepping he hinders many a stroke.
 
|-
 
| <small>44</small>
 
| Strike crooked to the flats<br/>&emsp;of the Masters if you want to weaken them.
 
|-
 
| <small>45</small>
 
| When it clashes above,<br/>&emsp;Then move away, that I will praise.
 
|-
 
| <small>46</small>
 
| Don't do the Crooked, strike short,<br/>&emsp;Changing through show with this.
 
|-
 
| <small>47</small>
 
| Strike crooked to who irritates you,<br/>&emsp;the Noble War will confuse him,
 
|-
 
| <small>48</small>
 
| That he will not know truthfully<br/>&emsp;where he can be without danger.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
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|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
<section end="Krumphaw"/><section begin="Twerhaw"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|The Thwart Stroke}}<br/><br/></p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|9
|-
 
| <small>49</small>
 
| The Thwart Stroke takes<br/>&emsp;whatever comes from the roof.
 
|-
 
| <small>50</small>
 
| Thwart with the strong,<br/>&emsp;note your work with this.
 
|-
 
| <small>51</small>
 
| Thwart to the Plow;<br/>&emsp;to the Ox hard together.
 
|-
 
| <small>52</small>
 
| He who thwarts well<br/>&emsp;with springing he endangers the head.
 
|-
 
| <small>53</small>
 
| Whoever conducts the Failer<br/>&emsp;from below he hits at his will.
 
|-
 
| <small>54</small>
 
| The Reverser enforces the<br/>&emsp;running through and also brings wrestling.
 
|-
 
| <small>55</small>
 
| The elbow take certainly,<br/>&emsp;spring into his balance.
 
|-
 
| <small>56</small>
 
| Double the Failer,<br/>&emsp;if you hit, also make the slice.
 
|-
 
| <small>57</small>
 
| Twice further on,<br/>&emsp;step to the left and do not be slow.
 
|}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}}
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|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}
<section end="Twerhaw"/><section begin="Schilhaw"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|The Squinting Stroke}}</p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|10
|-
 
| <small>58</small>
 
| The Squinter breaks into<br/>&emsp;whatever a buffalo strikes or thrusts.
 
|-
 
| <small>59</small>
 
| Who threatens to change through,<br/>&emsp;the Squinter robs him of it.
 
|-
 
| <small>60</small>
 
| Squint when he is short against you,<br/>&emsp;changing through defeats him.
 
|-
 
| <small>61</small>
 
| Squint to the point,<br/>&emsp;and take the throat without fear.
 
|-
 
| <small>62</small>
 
| Squint to the head above<br/>&emsp;if you want to damage the hands.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|1|lbl=19v}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|1|lbl=19v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
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|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
<section end="Schilhaw"/><section begin="Scheitelhaw"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|The Scalp Cut}}</p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|11
|-
 
| <small>63</small>
 
| The Scalper<br/>&emsp;is a danger to the face,
 
|-
 
| <small>64</small>
 
| with its turn,<br/>&emsp;very dangerous to the breast.
 
|-
 
| <small>65</small>
 
| Whatever comes from him,<br/>&emsp;the Crown will take it.
 
|-
 
| <small>66</small>
 
| Slice through the Crown,<br/>&emsp;thus you will break it hard through.
 
|-
 
| <small>67</small>
 
| Press the strokes,<br/>&emsp;with slices pull them away.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
Line 631: Line 397:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
<section end="Scheitelhaw"/><section begin="Leger"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|The Four Guards}}</p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|12
|-
 
| <small>68</small>
 
| Four guards alone hold;<br/>&emsp;And disdain the common.
 
|-
 
| <small>69</small>
 
| Ox, Plow, Fool,<br/>&emsp;From the Roof should not be unknown to you.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
Line 664: Line 421:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
<section end="Leger"/><section begin="Vorsetzen"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|The Four Oppositions}}</p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|13
|-
 
| <small>70</small>
 
| Four are the oppositions<br/>&emsp;that hurt the four guards very much.
 
|-
 
| <small>71</small>
 
| Beware of parrying.<br/>&emsp;If it happens to you, it troubles you greatly.
 
|-
 
| <small>72</small>
 
| If you are parried<br/>&emsp;and when that has happened,
 
|-
 
| <small>73</small>
 
| Hear what I advise to you:<br/>&emsp;Tear away and strike quickly with surprise.
 
|-
 
| <small>74</small>
 
| Set upon the four ends.<br/>&emsp;Stay upon them, learn if you want to bring it to an end.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
Line 707: Line 446:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049r.jpg|1|lbl=49r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049r.jpg|1|lbl=49r}}
<section end="Vorsetzen"/><section begin="Nachreisen"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|Chasing}}</p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|14
|-
 
| <small>75</small>
 
| Learn the chasing<br/>&emsp;twice, or slice into the weapon.
 
|-
 
| <small>76</small>
 
| Two outer intentions.<br/>&emsp;The work after that begins.
 
|-
 
| <small>77</small>
 
| And test the attacks<br/>&emsp;if they are soft or hard.
 
|-
 
| <small>78</small>
 
| Learn the feeling.<br/>&emsp;The word Instantly slices sharply.
 
|-
 
| <small>79</small>
 
| Chase twice,<br/>&emsp;if you hit, do the Ancient Slice as well.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
Line 750: Line 471:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
<section end="Nachreisen"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|Overrunning}}</p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|15
|-
 
| <small>80</small>
 
| Who wants to strike below,<br/>&emsp;overrun him, and he will be shamed.
 
|-
 
| <small>81</small>
 
| When it clashes above,<br/>&emsp;then strengthen: this I truly do praise.
 
|-
 
| <small>82</small>
 
| Do your work,<br/>&emsp;or press hard twice.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|1|lbl=20r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|1|lbl=20r}}
 
|  
 
|  
Line 787: Line 496:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
<section begin="Absetzen"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|Setting Aside}}</p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|16
|-
 
| <small>83</small>
 
| Learn to set aside,<br/>&emsp;To skillfully hinder stroke and thrust.
 
|-
 
| <small>84</small>
 
| Who thrusts at you,<br/>&emsp;your point hits and counters his.
 
|-
 
| <small>85</small>
 
| From both sides<br/>&emsp;hit every time if you want to step.
 
|}
 
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 823: Line 520:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
<section end="Absetzen"/><section begin="Durchwechseln"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|Changing Through}}</p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|17
|-
 
| <small>86</small>
 
| Learn the changing through<br/>&emsp;from both sides, thrust with intent.
 
|-
 
| <small>87</small>
 
| Whoever binds to you,<br/>&emsp;changing through will find him indeed.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
Line 856: Line 544:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
<section end="Durchwechseln"/><section begin="Zucken"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|Pulling}}</p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|18
|-
 
| <small>88</small>
 
| Step close in binding.<br/>&emsp;The pulling provides good finds.
 
|-
 
| <small>89</small>
 
| Pull—if he meets, pull more.<br/>&emsp;Find the work that will hurt him.
 
|-
 
| <small>90</small>
 
| Pull in all encounters<br/>&emsp;against the Masters, if you want to fool them.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
Line 891: Line 567:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
<section end="Zucken"/><section begin="Durchlaufen"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|Running Through}}</p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|19
|-
 
| <small>91</small>
 
| Run through, let hang<br/>&emsp;with the pommel. Grasp if you want to wrestle.
 
|-
 
| <small>92</small>
 
| Who comes strongly at you,<br/>&emsp;the running through then remember.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
Line 926: Line 593:
  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049v.jpg|1|lbl=49v}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049v.jpg|1|lbl=49v}}
<section end="Durchlaufen"/><section begin="Abschneiden"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|Slicing Off}}</p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|20
|-
 
| <small>93</small>
 
| Slice off the hard ones,<br/>&emsp;from below in both attacks.
 
|-
 
| <small>94</small>
 
| Four are the slices:<br/>&emsp;two below and two above.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
Line 961: Line 619:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
<section end="Abschneiden"/><section begin="Hande Trucken"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|Pressing Hands}}</p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|21
|-
 
| <small>95</small>
 
| Turn your edge,<br/>&emsp;press the hands to the flats.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
Line 991: Line 643:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
<section end="Hande Trucken"/>
+
}}
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|Two Hangings}}</p>
 
  
{| class="zettel"
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|22
|-
 
| <small>96</small>
 
| There are two hangings<br/>&emsp;from one side from the ground.
 
|-
 
| <small>97</small>
 
| In all attacks<br/>&emsp;strike, thrust, posture—soft or hard.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
Line 1,020: Line 663:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|23
| <p>{{red|b=1|The Speaking Window}}</p>
 
 
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-
 
| <small>98</small>
 
| Do the Speaking Window,<br/>&emsp;stand blithely and look at his actions.
 
|-
 
| <small>99</small>
 
| Strike him until he is defeated.<br/>&emsp;When he withdraws from you,
 
|-
 
| <small>100</small>
 
| I say to you truthfully:<br/>&emsp;no one protects himself without danger.
 
|-
 
| <small>101</small>
 
| If you have learned this,<br/>&emsp;he can scarcely manage to strike.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020v.jpg|1|lbl=20v}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020v.jpg|1|lbl=20v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
Line 1,060: Line 688:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS|24
| <p>{{red|b=1|This is the Conclusion of the Epitome}}<br/><br/></p>
 
 
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-
 
| <small>102</small>
 
| Who conducts well and breaks properly<br/>&emsp;and finally makes it all right
 
|-
 
| <small>103</small>
 
| And splits particularly<br/>&emsp;everything into three wounders
 
|-
 
| <small>104</small>
 
| Who properly well hangs<br/>&emsp;and also executes the windings,
 
|-
 
| <small>105</small>
 
| And the eight windings<br/>&emsp;views in a righteous way,
 
|-
 
| <small>106</small>
 
| And each one of<br/>&emsp;those same winds I consider to be triple
 
|-
 
| <small>107</small>
 
| So they are<br/>&emsp;twenty-four.
 
|-
 
| <small>108</small>
 
| And count them only, from both sides.<br/>&emsp;Eight windings learn with stepping.
 
|-
 
| <small>109</small>
 
| And test the bind<br/>&emsp;no more than soft or hard.
 
|}
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
Line 1,109: Line 710:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Liechtenauer row LS noline|25
| class="noline" | Thus ends Master Liechtenauer's Art of the Long Sword
+
|  
| class="noline" |  
+
|  
| class="noline" |  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 005v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 005v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º IIIv.png|18|lbl=-}}
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º IIIv.png|18|lbl=-}}
+
|  
| class="noline" |  
+
|  
| class="noline" |  
+
|  
| class="noline" |  
+
|  
| class="noline" |  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 007r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 007r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 45r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 45r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.2 44r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.2 44r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
|  
| class="noline" |  
+
|  
| class="noline" |  
+
|  
| class="noline" |  
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049v.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049v.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
+
}}
 
+
</table>
|}
 
 
{{master end}}
 
{{master end}}
  

Revision as of 03:45, 12 June 2025

Die Zettel
The Recital
Johannes Liechtenauer.png
Full Title A Recital on the Chivalric Art of Fencing
Ascribed to Johannes Liechtenauer
Illustrated by Unknown
Date Fourteenth century (?)
Genre
Language Early New High German
Archetype(s) Hypothetical
Principal
Manuscript(s)
Manuscript(s)
First Printed
English Edition
Tobler, 2010
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations

Johannes Liechtenauer (Hans Lichtenauer, Lichtnawer) was a late-14th century German fencing master. The only account of his life was written by the anonymous author of the Pol Hausbuch, arguably the earliest text in the tradition, and he may have been alive at that time.[1] The text reads:

First and foremost, you should notice and remember that there's only one art of the sword, and it was discovered and developed hundreds of years ago, and it's the foundation and core of all fencing arts. Master Liechtenauer understood and practiced this art completely and correctly; he did not discover or invent it himself (as has been written previously), but rather traveled through many lands and searched for the true and correct art for the sake of experiencing and knowing it.[2]

Liechtenauer was described by many later masters as the "high master" or "grand master" of the art, and authored a long poem called the Zettel ("Recital"). Later masters in the tradition often wrote extensive glosses (commentaries) on this poem, using it to structure their own martial teachings. Liechtenauer's influence on the German fencing tradition as we currently understand it is almost impossible to overstate. The masters on Paulus Kal's roll of the Fellowship of Liechtenauer were responsible for most of the most significant fencing manuals of the 15th century, and Liechtenauer and his teachings were also the focus of the German fencing guilds that arose in the 15th and 16th centuries, including the Marxbrüder and the Veiterfechter.

Additional facts have sometimes been presumed about Liechtenauer based on often-problematic premises. The Pol Hausbuch, often erroneously dated to 1389 and presumed to be written by a direct student of Liechtenauer's, has been treated as evidence placing Liechtenauer's career in the mid-1300s.[3] However, given that the Pol Hausbuch may date as late as 1494 and the earliest records of the identifiable members of his tradition appear in the mid 1400s, it seems more probable that Liechtenauer's career occurred toward the beginning of the 15th century. Ignoring the Pol Hausbuch as being of indeterminate date, the oldest version of the Recital that is attributed to Liechtenauer was recorded by Hans Talhoffer in the MS Chart.A.558 (ca. 1448), which further supports this timeline.[4]

Treatise

Liechtenauer's teachings are preserved in a long poem of rhyming couplets called the Zettel ("Recital"), covering fencing with the "long" or extended sword (i.e. with both hands at one end of the sword), the "short" or withdrawn sword (i.e. with one hand at either end), and on horseback. These "obscure and cryptic words" were designed to prevent the uninitiated from learning the techniques they represented; they also seem to have offered a system of mnemonic devices to those who understood their significance. The Recital was treated as the core of the Art by his students, and masters such as Sigmund ain Ringeck, Peter von Danzig zum Ingolstadt, and Lew wrote extensive glosses that sought to clarify and expand upon these teachings.

In addition to the verses on mounted fencing, several treatises in the Liechtenauer tradition include a group of twenty-six "figures" (figuren)—phrases that are shorter than Liechtenauer's couplets and often arranged into the format of a Medieval tree diagram. These figures seem to encode the same teachings as the verses of the mounted fencing, and both are quoted in the mounted glosses. However, figures follow a very different structure than the Zettel does, and seem to present an alternative sequence for studying Liechtenauer's techniques. It is not known why the mounted fencing is the only section of the Recital to receive figures in addition to verse.

Seventeen manuscripts contain a presentation of at least one section of the Recital as a distinct (unglossed) section; there are dozens more presentations of the verse as part of one of the several glosses. The longest version of the Recital by far is actually found in one of these glosses, that of Pseudo-Hans Döbringer, which contains almost twice as many verses as any other; however, given that the additional verses tend to either be repetitions from elsewhere in the Recital or use a very different style from Liechtenauer's work, they are generally treated as additions by the anonymous author or his instructor rather than being part of the original Recital. The other surviving versions of the Recital from all periods show a high degree of consistency in both content and organization, excepting only the much shorter version attributed to H. Beringer (which is also included in the writings of Hans Folz).

The following concordance tables include only those texts that quote Liechtenauer's Recital in an unglossed form.[5] Most manuscripts present the Recital as prose, and those have had the text separated out into the original verses to offer a consistent view. For ease of use, this page breaks the general Wiktenauer rule that column format remain consistent across all tables on a page; the sheer number of Liechtenauer sources made this convention entirely unworkable, with more columns empty than filled, so instead the long sword table uses one layout, the mounted and short sword tables use another, and the figures use a third.

Note: This article includes a prior (2010) version of Christian Tobler's translation. A revised version of the translation was published in 2021 by Freelance Academy Press as part of The Peter von Danzig Fight Book; it can be purchased in hardcover.

Additional Resources

The following is a list of publications containing scans, transcriptions, and translations relevant to this article, as well as published peer-reviewed research.

References

  1. When German writers were aware that a person was dead, they would add a formulaic blessing after their name (i.e., "God have mercy on him"); this manuscript doesn't, but 15th century manuscripts do.
  2. See folio 13v, trans. by Michael Chidester.
  3. Christian Henry Tobler. "Chicken and Eggs: Which Master Came First?" In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval German Fighting Arts. Wheaton, IL: Freelance Academy Press, 2010. p6
  4. There is one version of the Recital that predates Talhoffer's, recorded in MS G.B.f.18a (ca. 1418-28) and attributed to an H. Beringer; this also conforms to a 15th century timeline and suggests the possibility that Liechtenauer was himself an inheritor of the teachings contained in the Zettel rather than its original composer (presentations of the Recital that are entirely unattributed exist in other 15th and 16th century manuscripts). Alternatively, the Beringer verse, which includes only portions of the Recital on the Long Sword, may represent just one of the teachings that Liechtenauer received and compiled over the course of the journeys described in the Pol Hausbuch.
  5. The figures are often given as a preamble for the gloss of Lew, and a fragment of the short sword to the teachings of Martin Huntsfeld, but those instances will not be included below and instead treated as part of those treatises.
  6. This couplet might instead have been intended to be combined with the previous one as two very long lines of a single couplet: "ettlich biderman in anden hanten veder ben / kunt er chunst er mocht wol eren erwerb".
  7. Text adds an additional couplet: "kündt er kunst er möcht ere erwerben".
  8. First letter almost illegible.
  9. First letter illegible.
  10. With full extension
  11. This couplet seems to replace the first line of couplet 15, leaving the second line of 15 as an orphan.
  12. Text terminates at this point. The leaves with the rest of the text are missing.
  13. l corrected from t.
  14. kam
  15. deinen
  16. faler
  17. Or “crush”
  18. Or “twirl”
  19. Or “This is the about the Wrath cut, which slices apart.”
  20. Or “wind more broadly”
  21. I.e. to the action described next
  22. Jump up to: 22.0 22.1 remen => räumen, meaning “to make space, clear away, evacuate”.
  23. Text adds an additional couplet: "hastu es vernomen zu kain / schlag mag er komen".
  24. Text adds an additional couplet: "hast dus vernomen / zu kaim schlag mag er komen".
  25. There is no space between "Dupliere" and "doniden", the "D" was possibly added later.
  26. Text adds an additional couplet: "hastu es vernomen / zu kainen schlag mag er komen."
  27. Text adds an additional line: "das son ich vernomen".
  28. Text adds an additional line: "ha das han ich vernomen".
  29. Text adds an additional line: "dz haw ich vermunen??".
  30. Or “to the right”
  31. Or “slow”
  32. Corrected from »Im«.
  33. The text doubles the title of this section.
  34. This line might instead have been intended to be combined with the previous ones as two lines of a single couplet: "den elenbog nym in der waug / und mach den fäler nit träg".
  35. Jump up to: 35.0 35.1 Corrected from »Twir«.
  36. haust
  37. Fehler is the opposite of a Treffer, which is something that hits or succeeds. The Fehler is the losing throw in dice, the missed shot in archery and shooting. It is, however, an action that might hit, but it is assumed that it will miss.
  38. Talhoffer adds an additional couplet: [4r] 
    So machst du in wol betöwben
    Die fallerin kunst berowben
  39. Or “destroy”
  40. Or “skill”
  41. Whatever comes from the Skull cut.
  42. Or “flee”
  43. This line might instead have been intended to be combined with the previous ones as two long lines of a single couplet: "nun lerne in daß / den alten schnit mit macht".
  44. Hier hat der Schreiber offensichtlich ein Häkchen vergessen.
  45. Or “counters”
  46. Or “him”
  47. should be "dreffen"
  48. This section is followed by one titled "Von durchlauffen ab seczen", which repeat the verse on Absetzen.
  49. Text adds an additional couplet: "Das schwertt bind / zu der flöche truckh in die hend".
  50. Text adds an additional couplet: "Das schwertt bind / zu der fleche truck in die hend".
  51. Text adds an additional couplet: "Das schwert binden / zu der flech trukh in die hand"
  52. Or “crushing”
  53. Or “yell”
  54. Text adds an additional couplet: "thutt er sich gegen dir greisen / schlagen das er seisse".
  55. Text adds an additional couplet: "thutt er sich gegen dir greifen / schlagen das er Seise".
  56. Text adds an additional couplet: "thuet er sich gegen dir raisen / schlagen dz er seisse."
  57. Or “spraying”, or possibly “speaking”
  58. Illegible word. Could be read as either ‘zo’ or ‘w’. In the glosses on 37r it says ‘zw’.
  59. A guide letter “w” is visible under the “U” (apparently ignored by the rubricator), making the intended word “Wer”.
  60. Covering a deletion.
  61. Hier ist anscheinend dem Schreiber das Leerzeichen verrutscht.