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{| class="master"
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<table class="master sortable">
|-
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<tr>
! <p>Illustrations</p>
+
  <th id="AFIllustrations0"></th>
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the Rome)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
+
  <th id="AFRasmusson0">{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the Rome)}} (2004){{edit2|Andre Lignitzer/Mike Rasmusson AF 2004}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</th>
! <p>[[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]] (1452){{edit index|Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
  <th id="AFRome0">[[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]] (1452){{edit index|Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</th>
! <p>[[Codex Lew (Cod.I.6.4º.3)|Augsburg Version]] (1460s){{edit index|Codex Lew (Cod.I.6.4º.3)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
  <th id="AFAugsburg0">[[Codex Lew (Cod.I.6.4º.3)|Augsburg Version]] (1460s){{edit index|Codex Lew (Cod.I.6.4º.3)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</th>
! <p>[[Ortenburg Fechtbuch|Ortenburg Version]] (1400s){{edit index|Ortenburg Fechtbuch}}<br/></p>
+
  <th id="AFOrtenburg0">[[Ortenburg Fechtbuch|Ortenburg Version]] (1400s){{edit index|Ortenburg Fechtbuch}}<br/></th>
! <p>[[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Version]] (1491){{edit index|Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
  <th id="AFSalzburg0">[[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Version]] (1491){{edit index|Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</th>
! <p>[[Pirckheimer's Fechtbuch (Pirckh.Papp.353)|Nuremberg Version]] (1500s){{edit index|Pirckheimer's Fechtbuch (Pirckh.Papp.353)}}<br/></p>
+
  <th id="AFNuremberg0">[[Pirckheimer's Fechtbuch (Pirckh.Papp.353)|Nuremberg Version]] (1500s){{edit index|Pirckheimer's Fechtbuch (Pirckh.Papp.353)}}<br/></th>
! <p>[[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|Vienna Version Ⅱ]] (1505){{edit index|Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
  <th id="AFVienna0">[[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|Vienna Version Ⅱ]] (1505){{edit index|Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</th>
! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Version]] (1535-40){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Bartłomiej Walczak]]</p>
+
  <th id="AFKrakow0">[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Version]] (1535-40){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Bartłomiej Walczak]]</th>
! <p>[[Über die Fechtkunst und den Ringkampf (MS 963)|Graz Version]] (1539){{edit index|Über die Fechtkunst und den Ringkampf (MS 963)}}<br/></p>
+
  <th id="AFGraz0">[[Über die Fechtkunst und den Ringkampf (MS 963)|Graz Version]] (1539){{edit index|Über die Fechtkunst und den Ringkampf (MS 963)}}<br/></th>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden (Mair) Ⅱ Version]] (1542){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Bartłomiej Walczak]]</p>
+
  <th id="AFDresdenM0">[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden (Mair) Ⅱ Version]] (1542){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Bartłomiej Walczak]]</th>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna (Mair) Ⅱ German Version]] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
  <th id="AFViennaMG0">[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna (Mair) Ⅱ German Version]] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/></th>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna (Mair) Ⅱ Latin Version]] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
  <th id="AFMunichM0">[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna (Mair) Ⅱ Latin Version]] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/></th>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich (Mair) Ⅰ Version]] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
  <th id="AFViennaML0">[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich (Mair) Ⅰ Version]] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/></th>
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Version]] (1570){{edit index| Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
  <th id="AFRostock0">[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Version]] (1570){{edit index| Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</th>
 +
</tr>
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF|1
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>{{red|b=1|Here you rise to the art of Master Andres, known as the Lignitzer and well respected, in the shortened sword in the ready hand as an effective knightly weapon.}}</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 073r.jpg|1|lbl=73r.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 073r.jpg|1|lbl=73r.1}}
 
|  
 
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|  
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 067r.png|3|lbl=67r.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 067r.png|3|lbl=67r.3}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF|2
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[1] Note: take the sword with the right hand on the grip, and with the left grasp the middle of the blade, and go strongly to the man, so he must stab or strike. Indeed come before to quickly engage forcefully and stay close.</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 073r.jpg|2|lbl=73r.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 073r.jpg|2|lbl=73r.2}}
 
|  
 
|  
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|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 067r.png|4|lbl=67r.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 067r.png|4|lbl=67r.1}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF rsa|3
| rowspan="2" | [[file:MS Germ.Quart.2020 253v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
+
| rowspan=2
| <p>[2] {{red|b=1|The First Play}}</p>
+
| [[file:MS Germ.Quart.2020 253v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
 
<p>Note: stab him inward to his face, when he wards you, then drive through and attack him outward to his face. If he wards you again, and so strikes your point off, then twist with your pommel around over his right shoulder, and spring with your right leg behind his left, and throw him back over.</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 073r.jpg|3|lbl=73r.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 073r.jpg|3|lbl=73r.3}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
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{{section|Page:MS Var.82 067r.png|5|lbl=67r.2}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 067r.png|5|lbl=67r.2}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF rsb|4
| <p>[3] {{red|b=1|The counter against}}</p>
 
 
 
<p>Note: as one does this to you and has thrust the pommel onto your neck, then from below drive up with the left hand between both his arms, and grab him by his right arm, and force yourself from him on your right side, and throw him over the hip.</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 073r.jpg|4|lbl=73r.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 073r.jpg|4|lbl=73r.4}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
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{{section|Page:MS Var.82 067r.png|6|lbl=67r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 067v.png|1|lbl=67v.1|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 067r.png|6|lbl=67r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 067v.png|1|lbl=67v.1|p=1}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF|5
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[4] {{red|b=1|Yet a counter to the first play}}</p>
 
 
<p>Note: when he would thrust his pommel around your neck, then grasp forward with the left hand, and grab behind his right hand onto the grip and take the pommel, and shove it below, and attack him where you wish with your sword.</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 073r.jpg|5|lbl=73r.5}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 073r.jpg|5|lbl=73r.5}}
  
Line 216: Line 211:
  
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 067v.png|2|lbl=67v.2}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 067v.png|2|lbl=67v.2}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF|6
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[5] {{red|b=1|A counter against the counter}}</p>
 
 
<p>Note: when he has grabbed your pommel, then twist with your pommel up and outward from below around his left hand, and stride ahead with your right leg, and thrust your blade to his left arm.</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 073v.jpg|2|lbl=73v.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 073v.jpg|2|lbl=73v.2}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
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{{section|Page:MS Var.82 067v.png|3|lbl=67v.3}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 067v.png|3|lbl=67v.3}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF|7
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[6] {{red|b=1|The second play}}</p>
 
 
<p>Note: stab him just like the first stab<ref>play</ref> to his face, and go to the second one as if you would stab inward to his face. Just then drive through, and attack him outward to his face when he wards it. Then stride behind his left leg with your right, and thrust him with the hilt in his left armpit, and thrust a little upward so he falls.</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 073v.jpg|3|lbl=73v.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 073v.jpg|3|lbl=73v.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 071v.jpg|2|lbl=71v.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 071v.jpg|2|lbl=71v.2}}
Line 264: Line 255:
  
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 067v.png|4|lbl=67v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 068r.png|1|lbl=68r.1|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 067v.png|4|lbl=67v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 068r.png|1|lbl=68r.1|p=1}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF|8
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[7] {{red|b=1|The counter against}}</p>
 
 
<p>Note: if one does this to you, then stride with your left leg behind you, and block the thrust on the blade between both your hands, and twist with the pommel from below up between both his arms, and twist your pommel up from below over his left hand, and spring with your left leg behind his right, and thrust the whole sword over his neck, thus you have won his back.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 073v.jpg|4|lbl=73v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 074r.jpg|1|lbl=74r.1|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 073v.jpg|4|lbl=73v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 074r.jpg|1|lbl=74r.1|p=1}}
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|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 068r.png|2|lbl=68r.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 068r.png|2|lbl=68r.2}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF|9
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[8] {{red|b=1|A further counter against this}}</p>
 
 
<p>Note: as one would thrust the whole sword over your neck, then openly stand with your right leg still, and let go of your sword's grip, and with your right arm grasp around his back, and pull him by the middle, thus you throw him.</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 074r.jpg|2|lbl=74r.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 074r.jpg|2|lbl=74r.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 072r.jpg|2|lbl=72r.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 072r.jpg|2|lbl=72r.2}}
Line 308: Line 295:
  
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 068r.png|3|lbl=68r.3}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 068r.png|3|lbl=68r.3}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF rsa|10
| rowspan="2" | [[file:MS Germ.Quart.2020 256r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
+
| rowspan=2
| <p>[9] {{red|b=1|The third play}}</p>
+
| [[file:MS Germ.Quart.2020 256r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
 
<p>Note: stab him inward to his face, and just then drive through the other's stab, and stab him outward to the face, but if he wards this, then stride with the left leg between both of his, and with your pommel reach outside over his left leg to his knee joint, and stand yourself with the left shoulder up hard onto him, and lift yourself up strongly, and push to his left side.</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 074r.jpg|3|lbl=74r.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 074r.jpg|3|lbl=74r.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 072v.jpg|1|lbl=72v.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 072v.jpg|1|lbl=72v.1}}
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|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 068r.png|4|lbl=68r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 068v.png|1|lbl=68v.1|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 068r.png|4|lbl=68r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 068v.png|1|lbl=68v.1|p=1}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF rsb|11
| <p>[10] {{red|b=1|The counter against}}</p>
 
 
 
<p>Note: if he will drive the pommel to your knee joint then grasp with your left hand to his arm behind his left hand, and grasp with your right hand from below up around his elbow, so that your fingers stand above, and throw him on his face.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 074r.jpg|4|lbl=74r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 074v.jpg|1|lbl=74v.1|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 074r.jpg|4|lbl=74r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 074v.jpg|1|lbl=74v.1|p=1}}
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{{section|Page:MS Var.82 068v.png|2|lbl=68v.2}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 068v.png|2|lbl=68v.2}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF|12
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[11] {{red|b=1|The fourth play}}</p>
 
 
<p>Note: when you stab him inward to the face, and he also to you, then strike flat against his sword, and grab his sword in your hand by the blade and set your point in him under his left shoulder, if he wards this, and also grabs your sword like you have his, then work from a wrench which stands described (below) as you wish.</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 074v.jpg|2|lbl=74v.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 074v.jpg|2|lbl=74v.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 073r.jpg|2|lbl=73r.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 073r.jpg|2|lbl=73r.2}}
Line 375: Line 357:
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 068v.png|3|lbl=68v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 069r.png|1|lbl=69r.1|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 068v.png|3|lbl=68v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 069r.png|1|lbl=69r.1|p=1}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF|13
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[12] {{red|b=1|The first wrench}}</p>
 
 
<p>Note: stab him inward to the face, if he wards this, and sets your stab aside, then twist your pommel up from below on your left side, and up over his sword's blade between both his hands, and wrench strongly to you. Thus you wrench his left hand from his blade, then stab him to the torso, if he is too strong and you can't wrench his hand from the sword, then twist the pommel still up from below on your right side over his left hand, and thrust the blade from you to his left side.</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 074v.jpg|3|lbl=74v.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 074v.jpg|3|lbl=74v.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 073v.jpg|1|lbl=73v.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 073v.jpg|1|lbl=73v.1}}
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|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 069r.png|2|lbl=69r.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 069r.png|2|lbl=69r.2}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF|14
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[13] {{red|b=1|The second wrench}}</p>
 
 
<p>Note: stab him inward to his face, but twist with the pommel from your left side up from below over his blade between his hands and wrench strongly to you, and then stab him to the torso, if he wards this and fights your sword, and does so that both swords are caught, then thrust your sword's pommel around his right side, and spring with your right leg behind his left, and take the back, and lift across him with fingers high above the ground, and hit with your right foot outward to his right ankle, and throw him onto his right side.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 074v.jpg|4|lbl=74v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 075r.jpg|1|lbl=75r.1|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 074v.jpg|4|lbl=74v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 075r.jpg|1|lbl=75r.1|p=1}}
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|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 069r.png|3|lbl=69r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 069v.png|1|lbl=69v.1|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 069r.png|3|lbl=69r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 069v.png|1|lbl=69v.1|p=1}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF|15
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[14] {{red|b=1|The third wrench}}</p>
 
 
<p>Note: do to him just like as described above, and if both swords become caught, then thrust around over the head on his right side, and spring with the right leg behind his left, and with your right hand grab him by his left rear fauld, and with the left hand grab up from below to his bevor, and pull below to you, and thrust up from you, so he falls on his back.</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 075r.jpg|2|lbl=75r.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 075r.jpg|2|lbl=75r.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 074v.jpg|1|lbl=74v.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 074v.jpg|1|lbl=74v.1}}
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|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 069v.png|2|lbl=69v.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 069v.png|2|lbl=69v.2}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF|16
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[15] {{red|b=1|The counter against}}</p>
 
 
<p>Note: if one drives with the left hand under your bevor, and has you by the left rear fauld with his right hand, and would throw you over backward, then grasp with your left hand up around his left, and grab him by the fingers, and break his hand away to the left side, and drive with your right hand on his left elbow, and take his weight.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 075r.jpg|3|lbl=75r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 075v.jpg|1|lbl=75v.1|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 075r.jpg|3|lbl=75r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 075v.jpg|1|lbl=75v.1|p=1}}
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|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 069v.png|3|lbl=69v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 070r.png|1|lbl=70r.1|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 069v.png|3|lbl=69v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 070r.png|1|lbl=70r.1|p=1}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF|17
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[16] {{red|b=1|The fourth wrench}}</p>
 
 
<p>Note: this is if both swords are caught, then thrust your pommel up around his right side, and spring with your right leg behind his left, and grab him with your left hand behind his left hand on his arm, and with your right hand grab him by the elbow and take the weight.</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 075v.jpg|2|lbl=75v.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 075v.jpg|2|lbl=75v.2}}
 
|  
 
|  
Line 476: Line 448:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 070r.png|2|lbl=70r.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 070r.png|2|lbl=70r.2}}
 +
}}
  
|-
+
{{Lignitzer row AF|18
 
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| <p>[17] {{red|b=1|The fifth wrench}}</p>
 
 
<p>Note: when he has caught your sword, and you his, then go through both swords on his left side, then twist outward around his sword so that he must let yours go, if he holds his sword and lets yours go, then do as if you would stab him to the torso, if he wards this, and grabs at the sword with his left hand, then stab below through his sword on his right side around over his right arm onto his chest, thus you break his sword around out of his hand, then thrust his sword with the point toward him, and attack with your sword in the high guard.</p>
 
 
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{{Lignitzer row AF|19
 
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| <p>[18] {{red|b=1|The counter against}}</p>
 
 
<p>Note: if one does this to you, and will stride through both swords to you, then thrust both swords over his neck, and make them shears.</p>
 
 
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{{Lignitzer row AF|20
 
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| <p>[19] {{red|b=1|A counter against the counter}}</p>
 
 
<p>Note, when he has made shears, then in the bind grab up from below with your right hand behind his right so that your fingernails are above and thrust your sword hard from you on your left side, and turn yourself against him also on your left side and twist your pommel out over his right hand, and hit him where you will with the pommel and the hilt.</p>
 
 
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Revision as of 21:44, 18 April 2025

Andre Lignitzer
Born date of birth unknown
Legnica, Poland
Died before 1452
Relative(s) Jacob Lignitzer (brother)
Occupation Fencing master
Movement Fellowship of Liechtenauer
Genres
Language Early New High German
Manuscript(s)
First printed
english edition
Tobler, 2010
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations

Andre Lignitzer (Andres Liegniczer) was a late 14th or early 15th century German fencing master. His name might signify that he came from Legnica, Poland (German: Lignitz). While Lignitzer's precise lifetime is uncertain, he seems to have died some time before the creation of the Starhemberg Fechtbuch in 1452.[1] He had a brother named Jacob Lignitzer who was also a fencing master,[2] but there is no record of any treatise Jacob may have authored. The only other fact that can be determined about Lignitzer's life is that his renown as a master was sufficient for Paulus Kal to include him, along with his brother, in his list of members of the Fellowship of Liechtenauer in 1470.[2]

An Andres Juden (Andres the Jew) is mentioned as a master associated with Liechtenauer in Pol Hausbuch,[3] and Codex Speyer contains a guide to converting between sword and Messer techniques written by a "Magister Andreas",[4] but it is not currently known whether either of these masters is Lignitzer.

Andre Lignitzer is best known for his teachings on sword and buckler, and some variation on this brief treatise is included in many compilation texts in the Liechtenauer tradition. He also authored treatises on fencing with the short sword, dagger, and grappling, though these appear less frequently. Lignitzer's sword and buckler teachings are sometimes attributed to Sigmund ain Ringeck due to their unattributed inclusion in the MS Dresden C.487, but this is clearly incorrect.

Treatises

Note that the Augsburg, Salzburg, Nuremberg, Graz, and Rostock versions of Lignitzer's treatise on short sword fencing are erroneously credited to Martin Huntsfeld, while Huntsfeld's own treatise on the subject is credited to Lew.[5]

The text of the Krakow version of Lignitzer periodically refers to intended illustrations that were never added to the manuscript. The appropriate blank pages are included in the illustration column as placeholders. It's possible (though not likely, given what we know about its origins) that this manuscript was replicating another one with a complete set of illustrations; if this ever surfaces, the illustrations will be replaced.

Temp

Additional Resources

The following is a list of publications containing scans, transcriptions, and translations relevant to this article, as well as published peer-reviewed research.

References

  1. He is given the traditional blessing on the dead on folio 73r.
  2. Jump up to: 2.0 2.1 The Fellowship of Liechtenauer is recorded in three versions of Paulus Kal's treatise: MS 1825 (1460s), Cgm 1507 (ca. 1470), and MS KK5126 (1480s).
  3. Anonymous. Untitled [manuscript]. MS 3227a. Nuremberg, Germany: Germanisches Nationalmuseum, ca.1389.
  4. von Speyer, Hans. Untitled [manuscript]. MS M.I.29. Salzburg, Austria: Universitätsbibliothek Salzburg, 1491.
  5. Jaquet and Walczak 2014.
  6. Corrected from linnncken?
  7. This single letter might have been intended to begin Lignitzer's final piece.
  8. The Dresden version says: “Hereafter stand written the pieces with the buckler”.
  9. Oberhaw could be translated as “downward cut” for ease of use and clarity in English.
  10. This instruction is present in the Dresden version, but missing from the Rome version.
  11. laß überschnappen has the sense of springing a trap rather than snapping "over" something
  12. Underhaw could be translated as “upward cut”. Can be done with the back edge or false edge, and can also be directed either at the man or at the sword. In this stuck, it appears to be a rising action to meet his sword.
  13. Dresden version specifies from his right shoulder, missing from Rome version.
  14. The position called the schilt is one described for longsword in the Kölner Fechtbuch and some of the other gemeinfechten sources, and is somewhat similar to what Liechtenauer would call an Ochs, although the point can be upward, potentially like quite a high Pflug. With the buckler in the left hand, standing like this in “two shields” with the sword in the schilt position and the shield covering the right hand, it looks very reminiscent of the schutzen position in the MS I.33. Following this line of thinking, the instruction to turn the sword to the right (out of the schutzen) and to reach (slice) through his mouth is very reminiscent of the follow-up action that the MS I.33 recommends from the schutzen obsesseo, and is also similar to what the Liechtenauer Zedel and glosses refer to as the Alten Schnitt.
  15. This instruction to wind bloß (“turn uncovered”) seems to have the sense of separating your sword and buckler while still pushing with both, keeping the hands more or less in front of the shoulders (as if sitting behind a steering wheel in a car with the hands at the “ten to two” position). The body probably has to move and turn in order to support this action, to keep the hands in front of the body rather than going out to the sides.
  16. Dresden has “holds his shield up”, Rome has “lifts his shield up”. Both could mean more or less the same thing, but I prefer “lifts” as an instruction.
  17. Wechselhaw could be translated as “changing cut”, because it goes up and down, side to side.
  18. Streÿchen could be translated as “strikes”, but in this context are specifically those striking actions from below, sweeping up with the short edge, perhaps “streaking” up from the ground to the opponent or to his sword.
  19. The same idea of separating your sword and buckler while still pushing both, keeping the hands more or less in front of the shoulders (as if sitting behind a steering wheel in a car with the hands at the “ten to two” position).
  20. Probably with a thrust, but potentially with any other pushing technique.
  21. Mittelhaw could be translated as “middle cut”, going across from one side to the other.
  22. Zwerch could be translated as “across”, in the sense of slanting across from one side to another or slanting across from one height to another, or going diagonally across from one place to another. It also has the sense perhaps of going across something, perhaps slanting across or athwart a boat, or going across your opponent’s blade or leg as opposed to simply coming onto it in whatever fashion. The Zwer is an example of a Mittelhaw, but it is important to note that the thumb is beneath the blade and the cut is performed with hand high.
  23. Schaittler could be translated as “parter”, in the sense of being something which parts another thing in two, or dividing something in two.
  24. The German transcription reads “Zwer”
  25. The German transcription reads “Schaittler”, perhaps related to "parting" in two halves.
  26. Corrected from »denn«.
  27. Sturtzhaw could be translated as “dropping cut”, in the sense of a ball dropping back to earth when it has been thrown upward.
  28. The treatise says schilts, plural, meaning that you thrust inside both sword and shield.
  29. Dresden version specifies to the body, missing from Rome version.
  30. If this gloss follows the Liechtenauer method of understanding the five words Vor, Nach, Schwöch, Störck, Indes and their relationship to each other, then we should look to the Blossfechten gloss for the meaning of Indes. However, there is no guarantee that this means exactly the same thing, so the word Indes could just mean “immediately” when removed from its technical context. There does not seem to be as much Winden involved with this sword and buckler treatise as there is in the Blossfechten gloss, although it is still quite possible to perform Winden with shorter blades (look at Leckuchner’s messerfechten, for example), and Lignitzer was a member of the Gessellschaft Lichtenawers and so was probably quite well aware of Liechtenauer’s understanding of the five words and how they relate to fighting.
  31. Although both the Dresden and Rome versions say bind, what they probably mean is the fastening of the hand, or the grip upon the sword.
  32. The instruction to Versetz could mean “to obstruct”.
  33. More correctly, both the Dresden and Rome versions say: “Thus, you have taken the shield from him.” However, the sudden change of tense seems a little abrupt and awkward, so I prefer to maintain the same tense as the rest of the instruction, for stylistic reasons.
  34. r corrected from h.
  35. There is a further piece of instruction in Goliath: “Pull your left leg far back”.
  36. Rainer Welle suggests the closing parenthesis should go here.
  37. An earlier word was effaced and this was written in its place.
  38. d corrected from s.
  39. The instructions in Goliath are more precise: “Go through to your left side under his left armpit while holding his left arm.”
  40. lincken runs into the margin and seems to have been added by the scribe after the paragraph was finished.
  41. Or “his” (in Goliath).
  42. r corrected from h.
  43. Or “his” (in the Glasgow Fechtbuch).
  44. r corrected from h.
  45. Goliath’s description is a bit different: “Strike out with your right hand and grab his right butt cheek”.
  46. I.e., against a hold with both arms under.
  47. The Glasgow Fechtbuch has another suggestion: “…or into his eyes”.
  48. Or “over” (in the Glasgow Fechtbuch).
  49. The instructions in Goliath are clearer: “Step with your right leg outside behind his right leg…”
  50. Goliath goes in more detail here: “…turn to your left side and throw him over your right hip”.
  51. Goliath has a further suggestion: “You can also step with your right thigh to his left thigh during the turn and throw him”.
  52. und druckh runs into the margin and seems to have been added by the scribe after the paragraph was finished, and the remainder of this segment was then added in a much smaller script underneath it.
  53. Or “his” (in the Glasgow Fechtbuch).
  54. Corrected from »deine~«
  55. Specified in the Vienna, but not in the Rome or Krakow.
  56. The term in the Rome is druck, which might more usually be translated as “press”. However, when considering how we might express this kind of motion in English, “pressing it” to the outside doesn’t sound right. “Taking it” to the outside is a little more vague in terms of precisely how you might do that, but sounds more natural in modern English.
  57. Korrgiert aus »rechten«.
  58. Although the source doesn’t quite say this, it does say that the opponent “does the same”, and so to what is this in reference? I think it refers to the previous lesson, where the attacker made a thrust from above.
  59. Feler could be translated as “failer” or “failing action”, and seems to mean a feint or an attack that is intended to fail in order to set up another action.
  60. This is most likely a rondel guard between the blade and handle.
  61. The Rome and Krakow have “the hand and dagger”, while the Vienna has “the hand with the dagger”. Although both mean more or less the same thing, I think the instruction in the Vienna is a bit clearer.
  62. The Vienna has “right armpit”, while the Rome and Krakow both have “left armpit”. Since the action is done with your own left arm, trapping their arm in your left armpit makes most sense.
  63. Although the Rome, Vienna, and Krakow all say “his right side”, this doesn’t make as much sense when thinking about applying a joint lock. I wonder if it was supposed to be “your right side”, as this would make perfect sense for a joint lock.
  64. This play is listed twice.
  65. The Vienna has “from below” while the Rome and Krakow both say “from above”. I don’t think this is a problem though, because if the dagger is drawing a circle in order to get from the right out to the left below the attack, and then returning to the right over the attack, then “from below” just refers to an earlier point on that circle before the dagger comes high enough to come “from above” to the hand.
  66. The Vienna has “from your left side” while the Rome and Krakow do not. Again, this is not a problem, and the Vienna is probably just clarifying what side the action comes from.
  67. The Vienna has “over” while the Rome and Krakow have “under”. Again, it is not a problem, because both options let you establish your grip on your own blade.
  68. The Rome and Krakow have “behind you” while the Vienna has “downward”. Again, not a problem, because both are valid options to conclude the action.
  69. Gewicht can mean “weight”, but the instruction could by trying to convey the sense of breaking the person’s balance.
  70. The sources have “and throw two, one, or seven”, likely a reference to a dice-throwing game.
  71. Whose right arm? The Rome has “the right arm”, the Vienna has “his right arm”, and the Krakow has “your right arm”.
  72. It's unclear why this word is deleted, since it's present in other copies.
  73. Sperren could be translated as “barring”. We see it described as a technique by Meyer and Balthasaro Cramonio Pomerano, so maybe it has the sense here of using the arms outstretched to bar against the thrust so that you can then do something else?