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Difference between revisions of "Andre Paurenfeyndt"

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(Slight improvements.)
(Update terminology.)
 
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<p>Undertake the wing cut from the upper guard or high point. The first strike to the left ear from the roof, the second from below with a step to your left side, the third strike to the head from behind.</p>
 
<p>Undertake the wing cut from the upper guard or high point. The first strike to the left ear from the roof, the second from below with a step to your left side, the third strike to the head from behind.</p>
| <p>'''Volley'''</p>
+
| <p>'''With the volley'''</p>
  
 
<p>Take it from the high point and the high guard: the first draws above towards the left ear. The other with a step to the left side. The third, strike behind the head.</p>
 
<p>Take it from the high point and the high guard: the first draws above towards the left ear. The other with a step to the left side. The third, strike behind the head.</p>
Line 441: Line 441:
 
| <p>'''Break'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Break'''</p>
  
<p>If someone seeks in vain to strike with a volley, shoot the first cut back from above. The other, strike back below with your long edge or cut<ref>The word used is "coup", which could be translated as "attack", "cut", or "blow". In this context it is referring to the edge. Henceforth I will be translating it as "edge" instead.</ref>, and take the pommel of his sword with your left hand. Thus you hurl him over his sword.</p>
+
<p>If someone seeks in vain to strike with the volley, shoot the first cut back from above. The other, strike back below with your long edge or cut<ref>The word used is "coup", which could be translated as "attack", "cut", or "blow". In this context it is referring to the edge. Henceforth I will be translating it as "edge" instead.</ref>, and take the pommel of his sword with your left hand. Thus you hurl him over his sword.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/11|4|lbl=4.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/11|4|lbl=4.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/14|3|lbl=5r.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/14|3|lbl=5r.3}}
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<p>Step and strike through to the opponent's ear from above with the long edge. The second step and strike down from above to the right ear with the short edge. The third, strike from behind with the long edge.</p>
 
<p>Step and strike through to the opponent's ear from above with the long edge. The second step and strike down from above to the right ear with the short edge. The third, strike from behind with the long edge.</p>
| <p>'''From crossing or direct striking'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Cross or direct strike'''</p>
  
 
<p>Step and strike from above with your long edge through his left ear. Secondly, step and strike with the short edge from above down to his right ear. Thirdly, shoot back behind with the long edge.</p>
 
<p>Step and strike from above with your long edge through his left ear. Secondly, step and strike with the short edge from above down to his right ear. Thirdly, shoot back behind with the long edge.</p>
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<p>Undertake hurling from the upper guard. Cut against the opponent to their left ear with your long edge. If they parry that, act as if you will suddenly withdraw and remain on their left ear with your short edge. Suddenly withdraw and hurl onto their right ear with the flat.</p>
 
<p>Undertake hurling from the upper guard. Cut against the opponent to their left ear with your long edge. If they parry that, act as if you will suddenly withdraw and remain on their left ear with your short edge. Suddenly withdraw and hurl onto their right ear with the flat.</p>
| <p>'''Launching the long edge'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Launch with the long edge'''</p>
  
 
<p>Take the high guard. Take the long edge against him towards his left ear. If he parries, act as if you would like to pull back, yet remain with the short edge to his left ear. Pull back, and strike the flat to his right ear.</p>
 
<p>Take the high guard. Take the long edge against him towards his left ear. If he parries, act as if you would like to pull back, yet remain with the short edge to his left ear. Pull back, and strike the flat to his right ear.</p>
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| <p>'''Piece'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Piece'''</p>
  
<p>When you find someone in the flock, pass above him either with the short or long edge before he starts to work. Prevent him from being able to neither pull back nor strike so that it never fails when you take away the point.</p>
+
<p>When you find someone in the volley, pass above him either with the short or long edge before he starts to work. Prevent him from being able to neither shoot nor strike so that it never fails when you take him moving away the point.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/27|5|lbl=20.5}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/27|5|lbl=20.5}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/24|3|lbl=10r.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/24|3|lbl=10r.3}}
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<p>If someone binds you from above, gauge whether they lie hard or soft. If they lie hard, then wind down through the roses towards their face, onto their left ear, so that you wind out their sword and uncover them with it. But if they suddenly withdraw and strike, veer up into your act of parrying.</p>
 
<p>If someone binds you from above, gauge whether they lie hard or soft. If they lie hard, then wind down through the roses towards their face, onto their left ear, so that you wind out their sword and uncover them with it. But if they suddenly withdraw and strike, veer up into your act of parrying.</p>
| <p>'''From bind'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Bind'''</p>
  
 
<p>If someone binds you at the chest and he presses strongly above, turn out below through the roses against his face to his left ear and turn his sword and open him. But if he pulls back and strikes, raise high in defense.</p>
 
<p>If someone binds you at the chest and he presses strongly above, turn out below through the roses against his face to his left ear and turn his sword and open him. But if he pulls back and strikes, raise high in defense.</p>
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<p>If you throw someone onto their belly, sit atop them and step over their arm so you are able to break it.</p>
 
<p>If you throw someone onto their belly, sit atop them and step over their arm so you are able to break it.</p>
| <p>'''For a hold in low'''</p>
+
| <p>'''For a hold at the bottom'''</p>
  
 
<p>If you throw him on his belly and are sitting on him, pass over his arms and break them</p>
 
<p>If you throw him on his belly and are sitting on him, pass over his arms and break them</p>
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<p>If you throw someone on their belly, drop your right knee onto their back and reach forward to the top of their head, grab their hair and pull up and crank their neck so they will fall back onto their belly if they try to stand.</p>
 
<p>If you throw someone on their belly, drop your right knee onto their back and reach forward to the top of their head, grab their hair and pull up and crank their neck so they will fall back onto their belly if they try to stand.</p>
| <p>'''For a hold in low.'''</p>
+
| <p>'''For a hold at the bottom.'''</p>
  
 
<p>If you throw him on his belly and if you fall on his back with your right knee, with your left hand pass over his hair on his head and in pulling it up and turning his neck, he will drop again on his belly if he wants to get up.</p>
 
<p>If you throw him on his belly and if you fall on his back with your right knee, with your left hand pass over his hair on his head and in pulling it up and turning his neck, he will drop again on his belly if he wants to get up.</p>
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| <p>'''Move in'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Move in'''</p>
  
<p>When someone strikes you with the long edge, move so that he does not move into you unexpectedly. If he strikes a cut to a cut, take your sword with your left hand by the point and move in below his cut such that you really pressure his cut with a volley over and above the head, and move in entirely through the bend of his knee. Then quickly pull with both of your hands towards you and he falls backwards on his head.</p>
+
<p>When someone strikes you with the long edge, move so that he does not move into you unexpectedly. If he strikes a cut to a cut, take your sword with your left hand by the point and move in below his cut such that you really pressure his cut with the volley over and above the head, and move in entirely through the bend of his knee. Then quickly pull with both of your hands towards you and he falls backwards on his head.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/69|1|lbl=62.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/69|1|lbl=62.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/44|1|lbl=22r.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/44|1|lbl=22r.1}}

Latest revision as of 15:04, 24 October 2024

Andre Paurenfeyndt
Born 15th century
Died 16th century
Occupation
Nationality German
Patron Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg
Movement Liechtenauer Tradition
Influences Johannes Liechtenauer
Influenced
Genres
Language Early New High German
Notable work(s) Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der
Fechterey
(1516)
Manuscript(s)
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations Deutsch-Übersetzung

Andre Paurenfeyndt (Paurñfeyndt, Paurñfeindt) was a 16th century German Freifechter. He was born in Ernsbrunn in Lower Austria, and he enrolled in the Universität Wien on 13 October 1512.[1] He mentions in his introduction that he served as a bodyguard to Cardinal Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg (1468-1540).[2] In 1516, he wrote and published a fencing manual entitled Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey ("Founding of the Chivalric Art of Swordplay"), which seems to have been the first illustrated fencing treatise ever published.[3] Little else is known about the life of this master, but he describes himself as a Freifechter and the contents of his book make it clear that he was associated with the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer. His treatise diverges significantly from the earlier teachings of the Liechtenauer tradition, which may be due to his stated purpose of writing for beginning fencers.

Treatise

Please note that only the first edition (1516) has the complete set of illustrations, and all later versions are disorganized and incomplete; this article follows the order of plays and illustrations laid out in the original, and the variant sequences can be viewed on the transcription pages. Egenolff's illustrations are rather different from Paurenfeyndt's, and smaller thumbnails are included where applicable. Furthermore, the illustrations on pages 57 and 59 of the 1516 don't seem to relate to the plays described on 58 and 60, since they show pairs of fencers with dussacks while the text indicates that one of them should be unarmed. They are included here for reference, but the Egenolff illustrations (which are original and not based on Paurenfeyndt) are the ones that seem to depict something similar to the plays as described. While the Twelve Rules for the Beginning Fencer are unillustrated in Paurenfeyndt's work, this presentation includes the illustrations for six of the twelve found in the MS B.200 (1524).

Rather than presenting the treatise transcriptions chronologically, this concordance groups the three complete German texts together (including Lienhart Sollinger's 1564 copy), followed by the 1538 French translation. There are three shorter manuscript fragments of the German text, and these have been added in additional columns on the far end of the table in only the sections where they appear.

Additional Resources

The following is a list of publications containing scans, transcriptions, and translations relevant to this article, as well as published peer-reviewed research.

References

  1. Bauer 2016, p. 99.
  2. Ott, Michael. "Matthew Lang." The Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol. 8. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910.
  3. Anglo, Sydney. The Martial Arts of Renaissance Europe. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2000. p. 46.
  4. lit: foot, but can and often mean the leg
  5. alt: flesh wounds, tag hits.
  6. The word used is "coup", which could be translated as "attack", "cut", or "blow". In this context it is referring to the edge. Henceforth I will be translating it as "edge" instead.
  7. Likely an error. Crombe is a northern Middle French word for “hunched” (e.g. a person) or “crooked”.
  8. literally: cut through agains their strike. The separable durch-hauen means to strike through something to create an opening. See: https://www.woerterbuchnetz.de/DWB2/2DURCHHAUEN
  9. Text cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: er nit kumeñ
  10. This is likely a typo as "passer dessoubz" is only used once. "Passer oultre" is used more frequently.
  11. This is likely another synonym for "passer oultre".
  12. Text cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: Wan dir ainer die kurcz schneid vberscheust so wendt den straich ab, so kumpt dir straich wider straich, vnd gleiche arbait
  13. alt: points, ends
  14. Text cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: so entplest er sich
  15. Text cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: zuck vnd haw mit langer schneid nach
  16. Bottom cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: schwert mit dem knopf vnter dein recht uxñ
  17. Bottom cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: schon, die stich trucke mit schnitten sy ab czucke
  18. This is the zwerch.
  19. This is the sprechfenster.
  20. This seems to be a print error in which the typesetter jumped from one instance of mit der langen schneid to the next, skipping the text in between.
  21. Lit. “Pass in change.”
  22. Possibly a mistranslation of “verkerker” as “imprisoner” or "deffendeur" is the French jargon for "verkeren".
  23. Lit. turned as in “soured” or “embittered”.
  24. Zornhau.
  25. Top cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: yglichs in dreu wunder
  26. Corrected from »lanngem«
  27. Possibly referring to the dussack.
  28. Text cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: vmbsunst vrsach halben er mag kain folling straich auff dich habñ
  29. Erreur d'impression?
  30. Bottom cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: dar uber
  31. Bottom cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: arm
  32. Rephrasing of Ovid's "Cunctis qui placeat non credo quomodo vivat".
  33. Rephrasing of the proverb from Pliny, "ne supra crepidam sutor iudicaret".
  34. Hieronymous Büttner