Paulus Hector Mair

Paulus Hector Mair
Codex Icon 312b, folio 64r
Born	1517 Augsburg, Germany
Died	10 Dec 1579 (age 62) Augsburg, Germany
Occupation	Civil servant Historian
Nationality	German
Movement	Augsburg tradition Nuremberg tradition
Influences	Fabian von Auerswald Gregor Erhart Martin Huntfeltz Jörg Wilhalm Hutter Johannes Lecküchner Jud Lew Paulus Kal Johannes Liechtenauer Andre Liegniczer Ott Jud
Genres	Fencing manual Wrestling manual
Language	Early New High German New Latin
Notable work(s)	Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica
Manuscript(s)	MSS Dresden C.93/C.94 (1542) Codex Icon 312b (1548) Codex 10825/10826 (1550s) Codex Icon 393 I & II (1550s) Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 (1553)
First printed english edition	Knight and Hunt, 2008
Concordance by	Michael Chidester
Translations	Traduction française
Signature

Paulus Hector Mair (1517 – 1579) was a 16th century German civil servant and fencing enthusiast. He was born in Augsburg in 1517 to a wealthy and influential family in the German middle class (Bürger). In his youth, he likely received training in fencing and grappling from the masters of Augsburg fencing guild, and early on developed a deep fascination with fencing manuals. He began his civil service as a secretary to the Augsburg City Council; by 1541, Mair was the Augsburg City Treasurer, and in 1545 he also took on the duty of Master of Rations.

Mair lead a lavish lifestyle and maintained his political influence with expensive parties and other entertainments for the burghers and city officials of Augsburg. Despite his personal wealth and ample income, Mair spent decades living far beyond his means and taking money from the Augsburg city coffers to cover his expenses. This embezzlement was not discovered until 1579, when a disgruntled assistant reported him to the Augsburg City Council and provoked an audit of his books. Mair was arrested and tried for his crimes, and hanged as a thief at the age of 62.

While Mair is not known to have ever certified as a fencing master, he was an avid collector of fencing manuals and other literature on military history, and some portion of his embezzlement was used to fund this hobby. Perhaps most significant of all of his acquisitions was the partially-completed manual of Antonius Rast, a Master of the Longsword and one-time captain of the Marxbrüder fencing guild. The venerable master died in 1549 without completing it, and Mair ultimately was able to produce the Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 based on his notes. In sum, he purchased over a dozen fencing manuscripts over the course of his life, many of them from fellow collector David Lienhart Sollinger (a Freifechter who lived in Augsburg for many years). After Mair's death, this collection was sold at auction as part of an attempt to recoup some of the funds Mair had appropriated.

Already in Mair's lifetime some of his people's Medieval martial arts were being forgotten; this was tragic to Mair, who viewed the arts of fencing as a civilizing and character-building influence on men. In order to preserve as much of the art as possible, Mair commissioned a massive fencing compendium titled Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica ("The Greatest Work on the Athletic Arts"), and in it he compiled all of the fencing lore that he could access. He retained famed Augsburg painter Jörg Breu the Younger to create the art for the text, and according to Hils Mair also hired two fencing masters to pose for the illustrations.^{[citation needed]} This project was extraordinarily expensive and took at least four years to complete. Ultimately, three copies of the massive fencing manual—six volumes in all—were produced, the first entirely in Early New High German, another entirely in New Latin, and a third including both languages.

Whether viewed as a noble scholar who made the ultimate sacrifice for his art or an ignoble thief who robbed the city that trusted him, Mair remains one of the most influential figures in the history of Kunst des Fechtens. By completing the fencing manual of Antonius Rast, Mair gave us valuable insight into the Nuremberg fencing tradition, and his extensive commentary on the uncaptioned treatises in his collection serves to make useful training aids out of what would otherwise be mere curiosities. Finally, while his collection of manuscripts was dispersed after his death, most been preserved to this day instead of disappearing as did so many others, significantly expanding the corpus of historical European martial arts literature.

Mair's Collection

The following are the fencing manuals that Mair is known to have owned during his life:

Manuscripts

• Codex I.6.2º.1 - A copy of one of Hans Talhoffer's fencing manuals, possibly the MS XIX.17-3.
• Codex I.6.2º.2 - A compilation of Jörg Wilhalm Hutter's longsword treatise and David Lienhart Sollinger's manuscript reproduction of Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
• Codex I.6.2º.3 - A copy of Codex I.6.4º.5 with descriptive text by Hutter.
• Codex I.6.2º.4 - Jörg Breu's sketchbook for his work on Mair's treatises.
• Codex I.6.2º.5 - A compilation of Hans Medel's revision of Sigmund Schining ein Ringeck's treatise, Medel's own writings, fencing prints by Maarten van Heemskerck, and records of the Marxbrüder fencing guild.
• Codex I.6.4º.2 - A compilation of two treatises from the Nuremberg Group and a much older, uncaptioned series of fencing drawings known as pseudo-Gladiatoria.
• Codex I.6.4º.3 - A compilation of several treatises from the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer, possibly compiled by Jud Lew. (Not verified as being in his collection.)
• Codex I.6.4º.5 - Jörg Wilhalm Hutter's sketchbook.
• MS E.1939.65.354 - Gregor Erhart's fencing manual. (Formerly Codex I.6.4º.4.)
• Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 - The expanded and finished version of Antonius Rast's fencing notes.

Books

• Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst, compiled by Christian Egenolff
• Ringer Kunst by Fabian von Auerswald

Treatise

Preface 

Paulus Hector Mair/Preface

Longsword 

Paulus Hector Mair/Longsword

Dussack 

Paulus Hector Mair/Dussack

Short Staff 

Paulus Hector Mair/Short staff

Longstaff 

Paulus Hector Mair/Longstaff

Halberd 

Paulus Hector Mair/Halberd

Scythe 

Paulus Hector Mair/Scythe

Flail 

Paulus Hector Mair/Flail

Peasant Staff 

Paulus Hector Mair/Peasant staff

Mixed Weapons 

Paulus Hector Mair/Mixed weapons

Sickle 

Paulus Hector Mair/Sickle

Grappling 

Source Images	Images	Draft Translation by Per Magnus Haaland	Dresden Version II (1550s) by Pierre-Henry Bas	Vienna Version II (1550s) [German]	Vienna Version II (1550s) [Latin]	Munich Version I (1550s) by Per Magnus Haaland	Jörg Breu's Sketchbook (1545)
		First engaging into grappling Do as follows when going towards him in this wrestling device: first of all, pay attention to whether he comes at you with his arms high or low. If he holds his arms high, then you do not need to worry about him, and use whatever techniques you want. If his arms are low, however, then keep the thumbs in your hands closed, your left hand on your left side, your right hand att your right side, and your left foot forward. Then enter the scales position, and you have your advantage over him.	[59r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 059r.png 59r.			[236r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 236r.jpg 236r.
		The first wind-off before the hand* Do as follows in this technique: stand with your left and right arm as described before, so that you may see what your opponent is up to, your left foot forward, and your left hand closed beside your left leg. If your opponent advances on you like this and grabs you by the right shoulder with his left hand, then wind your right closed hand on the outside over his left arm and press down, that way his attempt is countered. * Latin: The first technique where the opponent is thrust away by the elbow, and the endeavor of his arm is weakened.	[59v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 059v.png 59v.			[236v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 236v.jpg 236v.
		Closed wrestling* If your opponent advances upon you as mentioned above, then use this technique: reach over his left arm with your left arm and grab hold of the inside of his left leg just above the knee, and step behind him on his right side with your left foot. Now, do keep in mind that your stepping and grabbing him are done at the same time, and fast. Do that, and you will throw him over. Note also that this technique can be done from both sides. * Latin: Bolt hold wrestling.	[60r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 060r.png 60r.			[237r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 237r.jpg 237r.
		The weakening of the wrist Do as follows in this device: when he advances on you with his arms close to his chest, and grabs you with his left hand by the right shoulder, then grab with your right hand from outside over his left arm by the wrist and with your left hand grab towards your right. Then, press his left hand with both hands onto your chest, so that he must bend down. Then, turn around from your left side you your right and throw him over your right leg.	[60v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 060v.png 60v.			[237v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 237v.jpg 237v.
		A throw out of the open tong hold When you both go together, then observe carefully that you grab your opponent with the tong hold, that is with crossed arms, around the neck with your right hand, behind his shoulder by the leather collar that martial arts masters use to wear. If he then tries to free himself with his left arm, and reaches through under your right arm in order to get free of it above, then quickly step with right leg behind both his feet, and grab with your left hand between his legs in his crotch. Lift up with your left, and push hard to your right with your right hand by his neck, and throw him over your forward leg.	[61r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 061r.png 61r.			[238r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 238r.jpg 238r.
		The pull When you both come together, then grab with your left hand on his right arm. If he then winds with his right arm over your left arm from the outside, then pull your left hand back quickly, reach through and grab him underneath his right arm over his chest, and hold him tight. Then, pull away your right hand and grab him by his right leg, and lift up. Step with your left leg well outside his left and push away hard with your left hand to your left side, and throw him backwards.	[61v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 061v.png 61v.			[238v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 238v.jpg 238v.
		A run-through under the arm* When you both come together, then grab hold of your opponent's left hand with your right, and pull it up well. Then slip under his left arm with your head and waist, so that you have his left arm on your right shoulder and step with your left foot toward his right, so that your right leg then is in front. Then grab with your left hand well around his waist from behind. By holding him this way you can carry him away. * Latin: A technique where you can wrestle and slip under the opponent's arm.	[62r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 062r.png 62r.			[239r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 239r.jpg 239r.
		A wind-off from both sides When you both come together, then put your left foot in front of his right and grab his left arm from the outside. If he grabs your left arm this way from the outside, then grab hold of his chest with your left hand inside his right arm, and with your right hand in front of his chest. If your opponent holds you thus, then wind your right elbow inside his right elbow and reach through with your left hand under both if his arms. Now, if you push upwards, all his work is in vain, and you are free of him.	[62v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 062v.png 62v.			[239v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 239v.jpg 239v.
		A winding above and below When you and your opponent both come together, and he grabs you with his left hand inside your right arm, then step with your left leg behind his right. Grab him with your right hand from well behind, in his left arm and twist it upwards. If he does the same to you, then reach through and grab with your right arm underneath his right arm, and turn it to your left side. If he twists you up this way, then pull your left hand back quickly and put it on his right elbow, push it down and push away from you above, then you will throw him over your left leg.	[63r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 063r.png 63r.			[240r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 240r.jpg 240r.
		The wheel If you both hold each other by the arms in the elbows, then put your feet together and swing him well out of the wheel to your right side. If he swings you around this way, then lean your head on his right shoulder, and let go of your arms, and grab hold of them above from the inside. If he winds his arms above both of your arms, then step inside his left foot with your right, and swing him out of the wheel in front of you on your left side.	[63v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 063v.png 63v.			[240v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 240v.jpg 240v.
		The Wheel in front of your opponent Do as follows in this technique: step forward with your left foot so that you have both his legs between both of yours. Now, grab with your right hand on top of his elbow, and with your left hand in his right hand under his armpit, and throw him through the wheel over your left leg. If you want to counter this, then let go of his left shoulder with your right hand and grab hold of his neck with it, and it will be hindered.	[64r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 064r.png 64r.			[241r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 241r.jpg 241r.
		Closed wrestling* Do as follows in this bolted hold technique: step forward with your left leg between both his legs and in behind his right heel. If he has stepped in this way to you, then grab him with your left hand in front of his right shoulder, and with your right around behind his waist in support of your left hand, press him against you. If he holds you this way, and presses you against him, then grab with your left arm over his left, and with your right underneath behind his knee, and with support of the left hand, lift up, and push away from you with your left shoulder, and you will throw him. * Latin: Bolt hold wrestling	[64v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 064v.png 64v.			[241v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 241v.jpg 241v.
		A stepping in/stepping together with a throw Execute this technique thus: step in front of both his legs with your left leg, and grab with your right hand on the outside of his left shoulder, and with reach around his waist behind with your left on his right side. If he wants to get free from you, and grips with his left hand in your right shoulder, then push him forcefully in his left armpit with your right elbow, and swing him over your left leg onto his back.	[65r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 065r.png 65r.			[242r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 242r.jpg 242r.
		A throw from the upper weak point Do as follows in this technique: step with your left leg behind his right and grab the opponent with your left hand under his chin, and with your right hand well above his shoulder. If he then wants to resist your throw, and grabs you with both his arms inside your arms, then just press him down with forcefully with your left hand by his neck, and he will not be able to withstand, then throw him backwards over your left leg. * Latin: A throw from a push in the chin.	[65v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 065v.png 65v.			[242v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 242v.jpg 242v.
		A throw out of the armtwist Do the following technique thus: step in front of his left leg with your right and reach around behind his waist with your right arm to his right side, and with your left hand, grab hold of his right elbow, and pull him towards you on your right side. If he wishes to step into a throw, then grab him with your right hand over his chest on his left shoulder and with your left around his waist onto his left side. Then, step with back with your left leg and swing him over right hip on your right side, and you will throw him away from you.	[66r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 066r.png 66r.			[243r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 243r.jpg 243r.
		A throw out of the scales. Do as follows in this scale throw: when you both go together, then step out with your right leg in front of both is legs, and grab him by the right shoulder with your left hand, and reach through with your right hand underneath his left arm around his waist. If he holds you in the same way in order to throw you over, then reach around his waist grab hold of his right arm with your left arm, and use the right arm to support. If he holds you the same way, and is determined to stay standing, then throw him nevertheless over both legs the way you are holding him.	[66v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 066v.png 66v.			[243v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 243v.jpg 243v.
		A throw from the swing Do as follows in this technique: step with your right foot inside his right and grab him with your right hand over his chest on his left side, and with your left hand well above in his right leg. If he has taken hold of you this way, then grab him under his left arm with your right in his armpit, and with your left inside of his right arm, and press him down. If he wants to resist your swing this way, then step with your left leg behind his right and swing him to the ground over your left leg.	[67r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 067r.png 67r.			[244r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 244r.jpg 244r.
		A common throw When you both go together, then step with your left leg between his both feet, and grab him with your left hand behind his right leg, and with your right hand below by his crotch, and swing him around on your right side. If he swings you round this way, then strike with your left foot around his left in a leg hook, and he must fall.	[67v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 067v.png 67v.			[244v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 244v.jpg 244v.
		A throw out of the scales Execute this technique thus: when you go together, step in with your left leg and grab him forcefully with your right hand around his waist on his left side, and with left hand above in his right leg. If he on the other side has taken hold of you in this manner, then you too grab hold of him with your left hand around his waist on his right side, and with your right hand reach through under his left arm and grab hold above on his left leg. Now that you both hold each other in the scales, then step with your right leg in front of his left and swing him over it out of the scales.	[68r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 068r.png 68r.			[245r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 245r.jpg 245r.
		A throw out of strength Do as follows: when you go together, step with your left leg outside behind his right and take hold of his waist with your right hand on his right side and with your left hand grab him around the belly. If he taken hold of you thus, then take hold around his waist with your right hand as well and with your left hand for support in equal strength. Now, that you have equal hold of each other, then step with your left leg in front of his right and pull him towards you forcefully. Then, put your chin on above on his chest and press down, and you will throw him over your left leg.	[68v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 068v.png 68v.			[245v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 245v.jpg 245v.
		A throw out of the upper weak point* Do as follows in this technique: step with your left leg onto his right side behind both his legs, and put your left hand on his throat and with your right hand grab around his waist on his right side. If he resists, and grasps your right elbow with his left hand, and with his right hand around your waist onto your right side, and wants to remove you, then push him above at the weak point, ie the neck, over your left leg, and you will throw him over it onto his back. * Latin: A throw out of a strike to the chin or throat.	[69r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 069r.png 69r.			[246r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 246r.jpg 246r.
		A throw from the middle weak point Do as follows in this device: when you go together, step out well behind his left with your right foot, and lift his right leg high from the inside with your left hand, and with your right hand grab around his waist behind his back and onto his right side. If your opponent is holding you this way and tries to throw you over, then grab hold around his waist, ie the middle weak point, with both arms and press him hard onto you. If he presses you towards himself this way, then just move back a little and lift his right leg high, that way you will throw him on your right side.	[69v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 069v.png 69v.			[246v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 246v.jpg 246v.
		A common throw When you step together, put your left leg between both his legs, and press with your chin below his neck. If he then bends down and enters the scales, then grab with your left hand between his legs and with your right around his waist hold his right side, and pull him towards you. If he holds you this way and is about to throw you, then take hold around his waist with both your arms, and pull him to you. If he presses himself against you thus, then press him hard away from you with your chin, and lift him up underneath, and he falls backwards.	[70r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 070r.png 70r.			[247r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 247r.jpg 247r.
		A hip throw Do the following technique this way: when you go together then step in front of his right and grab him with your right hand in his left armpit and with your left hand reach around his waist to support your right. If he holds you this way, then reach around his waist and take hold in front of his chest with your left hand and hold him firmly in his right arm above his elbow. Then step with your right foot in front of your right and swing him over your hip, then he must fall.	[70v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 070v.png 70v.			[247v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 247v.jpg 247v.
		A throw from the scales When you both go together, do thus: take a long step with your left leg in front of both of your opponent's legs, and reach around with your right hand around his waist and grab him in front of the chest with your left hand, around his waist as well to support your right hand. If he holds you this way, then you reach around his waist and grab hold over his right arm, and use your right hand as support. Now, lower yourself into the scales, and swing him over your left leg, and he will fall.	[71r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 071r.png 71r.			[248r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 248r.jpg 248r.
		A throw with an armbreak This technique is performed thus: if your opponent holds you with his right hand on the inside of your left arm and has put his left hand on your neck in order to pull you towards him, then reach over his shoulder with your right arm and with your left grab hold of his right elbow. Now, take a good step forward with your right leg, and in your upper grip press down hard, and you will break his arm, or if you rather, throw him over your hip/front leg.	[71v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 071v.png 71v.			[248v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 248v.jpg 248v.
		An armlock with a throw Do as follows: when you both go together, then put your left leg on his right from the inside and take hold in front of his waist with both hands. If he holds you this, then reach with both arms over his both and take hold underneath by his elbows, and clasp hard together. Then, lift up and sweep him over your left leg, and he will not be able to stand up and must fall.	[72r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 072r.png 72r.			[249r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 249r.jpg 249r.
		How to get free of a lock Step with your left foot toward your opponent, and grab him in front of his waist with both hands. If he holds you thus, then reach down with both elbows between his arms, shoot down into the scales, and thrust out. Then, put both hands under his elbows, and push them up high, and hook his left leg with your left, and you will throw him on his back.	[72v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 072v.png 72v.			[249v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 249v.jpg 249v.
		A break-in with a throw When you both go together, do as follows: hold your hands down low, and when he comes at you, then catch both his legs your arms, and pull him towards you. If he pulls you towards you thus, then take hold of him with your arms above around his shoulders. If the opponent on the other hand has you in this grip and is about to throw you with him, then spread your legs well and pull him over your legs, you can throw him however you want.	[73r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 073r.png 73r.			[250r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 250r.jpg 250r.
		A throw from the leg hook Execute this technique thus: when you both go together, then step with your left leg inside his right, reach around his waist with your hands, grab hold of him and pull him towards you as hard as you can. If your opponent holds you in this grip, then put your right hand on his chin, and push him backwards. Furthermore when you do this, do a leg hook with your right foot behind his left knee, and you will throw him easily. This can be done on both sides.	[73v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 073v.png 73v.			[250v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 250v.jpg 250v.
		How to get free from a double armlock When you go together, then step forward with your left leg and grab hold in front with your right hand on his left breast, and with your left on his right shoulder. If he holds you this way, and you stand with your right foot forward, then reach over with your left arm outside over his right hand and press it to your chest, so that he then must bend down against you, and with your right hand grab him by the left shoulder and pull him towards you. Then grab with your left hand between hes legs and with your right arm around his neck, and you will throw him out of the tongs.	[74r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 074r.png 74r.			[251r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 251r.jpg 251r.
		An armtwist with a throw When you see your opponent coming toward you, then step forward with your right foot, and put your left arm under his right elbow, and pull toward you, so that he bends down, and when he does so, grab his right hand with your left, twist it down, and you will break it. If he holds you this way, and is about to break your arm, then grab his right arm with your left hand and press down, and you will break free of him. Then, quickly put your left hand on his neck and step with your left foot behind his right and throw him over it.	[74v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 074v.png 74v.			[251v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 251v.jpg 251v.
		A pull with a throw If your opponent thrusts his head into your chest, then quickly grab him with both hands around his neck onto his collar, and make sure you have entered low into the scales. If he holds you by the heck like this, then reach out with both arms and grab around both his arms. If he does this to you, then step back with the left foot and pull him quickly onto you, that way you will throw him on his face.	[75r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 075r.png 75r.			[252r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 252r.jpg 252r.
		A run-through under the arm Do as follows in this technique: when you go together, then take hold of him in his left hand with your right, and lift it up. Then stoop down with your head under his left arm and step with your left leg behind his left, and grab hold with your left hand of his left leg. Straighten yourself up, and lift him up high, and you can throw him or carry him wherever you want.	[75v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 075v.png 75v.			[252v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 252v.jpg 252v.
		A roundturner Do as follows: when you come up in front of your opponent, and he stands with his right foot forward, and you do as well, then take hold of his left hand with your left and with your right hand grab his left elbow. This way you will turn him around and he is forced to turn his back to you. Now, step forward with your left foot and push away from you in your upper grip, and he will fall face first.	[76r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 076r.png 76r. |		[253r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 253r.jpg 253r.
		A throw from the scales When you both go together do thus: stand with your left foot forward, and bend down into the scales. If he does this, then step with your right foot in a triangle step behind your opponent. Then reach with your right hand behind his both legs and grab his right leg, lift that up, and with your left arm reach around his neck, so that you hold him by the chest with your left hand. Then pull down hard, and lift up high with your right hand, and you will throw him over his chest face first.	[76v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 076v.png 76v.			[253v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 253v.jpg 253v.
		An entry with an armlock Do as follows in this technique: stand with your left foot forward. If he then stands with his right foot forward facing you, and grasps after you, then catch his right thumb with your right hand and grab hold from the outside of his left shoulder. If he has taken hold of you this way, and tries to pull you towards him, then step with your left leg between his feet, take hold of his right elbow with your left hand and push down. This way he must let go of your thumb. Then reach out with your left hand and put it on his neck in front of him, and throw him over your forward leg.	[77r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 077r.png 77r.			[254r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 254r.jpg 254r.
		A throw from the tongs Do as follows: when standing in front of your opponent, and he then steps towards you with right leg, then step behind his right foot with your left, and reach out with your left hand under his right hand and over his chest and put it on his throat. Then, take hold of on the upper part of his right foot with your right hand, and lift it up, as well as you in your upper grip(ie the left hand on his throat), pull down, and you will throw him out of the tong grip.	[77v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 077v.png 77v.			[254v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 254v.jpg 254v.
		A hip throw When you go together, do thus: step forward with your right leg, and if he then stands with his left leg forward, then pay close attention to grab hold of his left hand with your own left, and pull him towards you. Then, reach around his waist behind his back with your right hand and throw him over your right hip.	[78r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 078r.png 78r.			[255r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 255r.jpg 255r.
		A press-down* Do thus: when you go together, step with your left leg behind his right. If he then stands with his right leg towards you and grabs your upper right leg with his left hand and with his right hand inside between both your arms, then take hold of his throat with your right hand, with your left grab hold in his armpit and push him to the ground. * Latin: A throw.	[78v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 078v.png 78v.			[255v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 255v.jpg 255v.
		A short hip/loin throw When you step together do as follows: if your opponent steps with his right leg towards you, so that it comes outside your right foot, then reach behind his back around his waist with your left hand, and grab with your right hand onto his left elbow, and pull him to you. If he has taken hold of you thus, then grab with your right hand around his neck and pull him towards you. If he has pulled you towards him thus, kick your right knee into his right knee, and you will throw him over your left hip.	[79r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 079r.png 79r.			[256r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 256r.jpg 256r.
		Another hip throw Do thus: when you come together step forth with your left(lat)/right(ger) foot, and if he stands with right foot forward, then take good care to reach over his back with your left hand and grab onto his left shoulder, and with your right hand on his upper right leg, and lift it up. If he has taken hold of you thus and is about to throw you, then grab around his neck with your right hand onto his right shoulder, and with your left hand on his right arm. If he tries to sustain himself this way, then lift up well with your lower grip, and push down in your upper grip and you will throw him over your left hip.	[79v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 079v.png 79v.			[256v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 256v.jpg 256v.
		A left side throw Do as follows in this technique: step with your left foot forward and reach over his right shoulder and onto his neck with your left arm, and shove him away from you with your left hand. Then grab with your right hand outside onto his right leg, and lift up. If he holds you this way, then reach out and grab him under his left arm around his neck with your right hand and with your left hand below onto his left leg. If he wants hinder you this way and sustain himself, then swing him around on your left side and throw him over your left hip.	[80r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 080r.png 80r.			[257r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 257r.jpg 257r.
		A pull with a throw Do thus: when you come before your opponent, then step with your left leg forward and take care to grab his right hand with your right and pull it to your chest, and with your left over his right shoulder and push it upwards. If he holds you thus, then step behind his left with your right, and with your left hand take hold of his genitals, and push him away from you with your right elbow, and you will throw him over your right leg.	[80v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 080v.png 80v.			[257v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 257v.jpg 257v.
		A lift up with a head first throw When you come together with your opponent, and he has you in a leg hook, then take good care to kick out his right leg with your left. Then grab hold of it with your right hand and lift up. If he holds you thus, then reach around his neck with your right arm and grab hold of his right shoulder, and with your left onto his right arm. If he tries to get away(lat)/counter this, then enter the scales and grab around behind his waist with your left hand. Then straighten yourself and throw him over head first.	[81r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 081r.png 81r.			[258r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 258r.jpg 258r.
		A counter to the previous device Step forward with your left leg and grab with your right hand in his left arm and with your left hand around his waist. Then enter the scales, and throw him over. If he wants to throw you head first this way, and you stand with your right foot between his both, then put your right hand around his neck into his armpit, and with your left onto his elbow, this way you will put an end to his throwing you. Then make sure to swing him over your right leg.	[81v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 081v.png 81v.			[258v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 258v.jpg 258v.
		A throw from the leg hook Do as follows in this technique: stand with your right foot forward and step with your left foot behind his left heel. Then reach around his waist with your left hand, and grab hold of his armpit, and with your right hand on the outside of his left elbow, and pull him to you. If he has taken hold of you thus way and pulls you towards him, then reach around his neck with your right hand and take hold in his right shoulder, and with your left onto his arm. Then if you strike a leg hook with your right foot around his left, you will swing him round from your right onto your left side.	[82r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 082r.png 82r.			[259r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 259r.jpg 259r.
		A counter to the previous leg hook Do as follows: when you come before your opponent, hook your right leg around his left leg grab hold of his right arm round his neck with your right hand, and with your left inside on his right elbow. If he holds you thus, and is about to throw you over with a leg hook, then put both hands on his neck, that way he must fall backwards, and his leg hook is countered.	[82v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 082v.png 82v.			[259v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 259v.jpg 259v.
		A throw from the wheel In this technique you do thus: put your right leg between his both feet, grab with your right arm over his left shoulder. If your opponent has taken hold of you thus, then put your right hand on his neck and pull it down in front. If he tries to avert this with his left hand, then grab hold between his legs with your left hand and turn to your right, that way you will throw him out of the wheel.	[83r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 083r.png 83r.			[260r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 260r.jpg 260r.
		A throw from the leg hook Execute this technique thus: stand with your left leg forward and take hold of his left shoulder with your left hand. If he does so, then put your left arm on his neck, and do as if you were to strike a leg hook with your right leg. Then, thrust your right elbow into his chest, and push him to your right side, as well as hooking his leg, and you will throw him on his back on his right side.	[83v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 083v.png 83v.			[260v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 260v.jpg 260v.
		A throw from the bolt When you both go together, then do as follows: take a long step with your left leg behind both his legs and grab him with your right hand outside in his left elbow and with your left around his waist. If he holds you thus and pulls you against him, then hook his left leg with your right, and grab around his neck with your right arm and with your left on the inside of his right arm. Then turn around from his right side to your right side, and you will throw him over.	[84r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 084r.png 84r.			[261r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 261r.jpg 261r.
		A throw from the scales In this device you do thus: stand with your right foot forward(if you wish to take the first parts). If your opponent stands with his left foot forward and with his right foot in between both your feet, and puts his right arm around your neck in order to wrestle you, then as quickly as possible lower yourself into the scales, and take hold of his left leg with your right hand and with your left reach behind his back around his waist and take hold of his left armpit. Then straighten yourself up our of the scales and throw him backwards over your left leg.	[84v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 084v.png 84v.			[261v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 261v.jpg 261v.
		A hip/thigh throw When you both go together, do thus: stand with your right foot forward and put your left foot outside his left foot Then, grab hold of his left arm from the outside with your right hand, and with your left around his waist. If your opponent holds you thus, and is about to swing you around, then step back into the scales, and grab with your right hand around his neck and with your left on his right shoulder. If he has taken hold of you thus, and has stepped back into the scales, then let go of your right hand from his left elbow, and put it on his neck and press him down to the ground.	[85r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 085r.png 85r.			[262r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 262r.jpg 262r.
		A wind in* Stand with your left left leg forward and grab with your left hand onto his right side. If he grabs you thus, then quickly wind his left hand away with your right hand, so that get around his waist. If he winds your left hand away in this manner, then take hold of his left arm with your right hand. If should do this, then put your left hand from below onto his right arm, pull it close to your chest and swing him from the wheel from your left side to your right, and he will fall. * Latin: How to wind your hand by your opponent's arms.	[85v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 085v.png 85v.			[262v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 262v.jpg 262v.
		A throw from the scales Execute this technique in this manner: step forward with your left leg, and grab hold around his neck onto his right shoulder with your right hand, and with your left on the inside of his left arm. If he holds you thus, and is about to throw you over his right leg, then take hold with both hands around his right leg, and enter the scales well below his right arm, so that you push him firmly with your left armpit under his right armpit. Then, put your left leg behind hus right and lift up high, and you will throw him backwards.	[86r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 086r.png 86r.			[263r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 263r.jpg 263r.
		A throw from a neck thrust and a leg hook When you both go together, pay attention to step with your right foot inside his left foot and hook it, so that it faces outwards. Then, put your right arm above on his neck and press down. If he holds you thus and is about press you down, then close your left hand and put it on your left side. Reach through with your left arm under his right, and thrust your elbow hard into his right side. Then grab hold of his genitals below with your right hand, and you will throw him out of the leg hook face forward.	[86v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 086v.png 86v.			[263v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 263v.jpg 263v.
		A backwards throw Do this throw as described: put your right leg forward and grab hold with your right hand around his neck and onto his right shoulder, and with your left on the inside of his left arm. If he holds you thus, and is about to pull you against him, then quickly bow down into the scales, take hold of his right leg with your right hand, lift it high, and with your left elbow press his chest hard, and you will throw him backwards over your left forward leg.	[87r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 087r.png 87r.			[264r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 264r.jpg 264r.
		A run-in into a leg hook When you both go together, then do this: stand with your left foot forward and grab hold of him with your left hand over his back and onto his left shoulder, and with your right over his chest to aid your left. Then get down into the scales, and grab and pull him to you. If he pulls you to you thus, then step with your right leg behind his left into a knee hook, grab hold of him with your right hand over his shoulder in his right armpit, and with your left on the outside of his right elbow. Then, swing him face first over your right leg.	[87v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 087v.png 87v.			[264v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 264v.jpg 264v.
		A close hold wrestling technique Do as described in the following technique: when you both go together, and he stands with his right leg between your feet, then grab with your right hand over his chest and onto his left shoulder, and with your left hand take hold of his left, and pull him to you. Then, put your chin on his right shoulder, press down, and swing him backwards over your left leg.	[88r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 088r.png 88r.			[265r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 265r.jpg 265r.
		A leg break In this technique you stand with both feet straight, and grab with both arms from inside onto his chest. If he holds you thus, then wind your arms from outside under his both arms. Then, kick with your right foot as hard as you can on his knee cap, and you will break his leg, or if you rather, then pull him to you and you will throw him over.	[88v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 088v.png 88v.			[265v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 265v.jpg 265v.
		A hand winding with a throw when you both go together and you both have taken hold of each others' arms, then strike a leg hook with your right leg around his left and wind your right hand around his neck and take hold of his right shoulder, and with your left hand take hold in his chest. If he has taken hold of you thus and is about to throw you, then hold him behind his waist, that way he mus fall with you. If he falls with you as mentioned, then put your left and on the front his neck and you will unwind yourself from him.	[89r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 089r.png 89r.			[266r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 266r.jpg 266r.
		A hand break Do as described in this device: when you both go together, remember to stand with your left foot forward, and if he then is standing in front of you with open hands, then take hold with right hand onto his right thumb, and with your left hand behind his right hand, that way you will break it. Then take a good step with your right leg on his left side and with your left hand well around his waist, and you will throw him over your left hip.	[89v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 089v.png 89v.			[266v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 266v.jpg 266v.
		A hand winding with an armbreak When you go together then do thus: take hold of his left shoulder with your with your right hand and with your left on his right armpit. If he holds you thus, then wind out your right arm over his left from the inside behind his left elbow and with your left arm from the outside over his right, and lift up firmly and pull towards you, this way you may break both his arms. If it doesn't succeed, then strike him on the left leg with your right leg and he will fall.	[90r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 090r.png 90r.			[267r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 267r.jpg 267r.
		A backwards throw with a leg hook When you step up in front of your opponent then do as follows: step forward with your left leg and reach with your left hand behind over his back and grab onto his left armpit, and with your right over his chest onto his left arm. If he holds you thus and in order to pull you toward him, then strike a leg hook with your with right leg around his left, and reach with your right arm around his neck and take hold of his right side, and your left hand on the outside of his right elbow. Then swing him over your right hip, and you will throw him forward.	[90v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 090v.png 90v.			[267v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 267v.jpg 267v.
		A throw from a waist hold (diagonal) Do as follows in this device: step forward with your left foot and stoop down under his right armpit with your head. Then take hold with your left hand in his left armpit and with your right on his left arm. If he holds you thus, then take hold of his right leg with your left hand and lift up high. Then step with your right leg behind his left and reach around his neck with your right arm, and you will throw him out of the said waist hold on your right side.	[91r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 091r.png 91r.			[268r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 268r.jpg 268r.
		A way of turning the opponent along with a throw over the left hip When you stand in front of your opponent do as follows: if he steps with his right leg on your left and tries to take hold of your left armpit with his right hand, and with his left on your right hip, then reach over his both arms and grab hold of his left arm with your left hand, with your right grab him by his left armpit, and pull him onto you. Then, press down hard on your chest and put your left hip on his left, that way you will turn him round and throw him over from your left and to your right side.	[91v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 091v.png 91v.			[268v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 268v.jpg 268v.
		A throw from the scales When you face your opponent do as follows in this device: step with your left leg between his both feet, and bend down into the scales, and grab with your right hand reach between his legs and onto his crotch, and with your left around behind his waist to aid your right, and lift him up. If your opponent lifts you thus and lifts you up, then reach around over his neck with your right arm and take hold of his right shoulder, and with your left on the inside of his right arm. Then lift your right leg up high and kick him with your knee inside of his left knee, and he must fall.	[92r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 092r.png 92r.			[269r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 269r.jpg 269r.
		A throw from the upper weak point When you both go together then do this way in this device: take a long step forward with your left leg behind his both feet, and bend down into the scales. Then, grab him with both arms in his right shoulder and pull down. If your opponent on the other hand holds you thus and is pulling you down, then reach with both arms above around his waist, and hold his arm head together under his right armpit. Then strike a leg hook with your right leg around his left and you will throw him down from the upper weak point.	[92v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 092v.png 92v.			[269v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 269v.jpg 269v.
		A throw from the short hip* Do as follows in this device/lat. If you want to be a strenuous fighter, then do as follows in this device: step forward with your left leg in front of his left leg and enter the scales, stooping with your head under his right armpit. Then, reach with your hand over his waist and take hold inside on his left armpit, and pull him to you. If he holds you this way, and pulls you towards him, then reach around over his neck with your right arm on his right side, and with your left on the outside of his right elbow. Then, swing him from the short hip over your right leg. * Latin: A throwing technique from the thigh.	[93r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 093r.png 93r.			[270r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 270r.jpg 270r.
		A throw from the high/upper hip Do as follows in this device: when you enter in front of your opponent, and you wish to strike a leg hook on him, but he stands with his feet too wide apart, then step with both feet further in front of him. If he steps up towards you thus, then reach behind his back and grab him around his waist with your left arm and with your right hand onto his left shoulder. If he holds you thus, and is about to turn you over, then reach with your right arm over his shoulder and into his right armpit and hold him tightly with your left hand on the outside of his right elbow. Then bend down well, and swing him around from the high hip over your right leg before you.	[93v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 093v.png 93v.			[270v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 270v.jpg 270v.
		A throw from the struck out hip Do as follows in this device: when you enter in front of your opponent, then take a long step forward with your left foot, and with your right hand grab his left armpit, and with your left reach our behind his back and around his waist to support your right, and pull him to you. If he has you in this grip, and pulls you to him, then grab hold with your left hand in his left leg and lift it up high, and with your right hand reach around his neck and take hold of his right shoulder and pull him onto your right hip. Then, straighten yourself up again, and you may either carry him away or throw him over. * Latin: A throw from the hip where he is thrown over and turned around.	[94r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 094r.png 94r.			[271r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 271r.jpg 271r.
		A throw from the upper and lower weak point Do as follows: when you both come together, should he step forward with his left leg, so that you stand with both feet between his, and he is about to grab your left shoulder with his left hand, then put your left hand on top of his left arm, that way his grip will be to no use. Then, put it (ie. your left hand) on his neck and with your right grab hold of his left foot, this way he is weakened both above and below. Then push him down hard with your upper grip, and lift up with your lower grip and you will throw him on your left side.	[94v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 094v.png 94v.			[271v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 271v.jpg 271v.
		An elbow strike to the back along with a throw When you both go together do as follows in this device: if your opponent tries to grab your right side with his right hand and with his left around your waist, then grab his right elbow your with your left hand and pull it to your chest, that way he will bend down. Then push your right elbow on the upper part of his back, and you will press him down to the ground.	[95r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 095r.png 95r.			[272r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 272r.jpg 272r.
		A backwards throw Execute this device as follows: If he runs his head in under your right arm and holds you with his right hand inside in your left arm and with his left between your legs, then grab with your right hand from behind in his left armpit, and with your left in his right arm. Then lift his left leg with your right leg, and pull him over your right hip and you will throw him over.	[95v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 095v.png 95v.			[272v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 272v.jpg 272v.
		A throw from the blocked leg hook Step forward with your left foot and grab him on the outside of his left elbow with your right hand, and with your left on his upper right arm. If he holds you this way(ger. and is about to pull you to him), then reach with your right hand under his left armpit and grab hold onto his leather collar, and with your left onto his right arm. Then strike a leg hook with your right leg from the inside of his left leg and pull him to you with your right hand, and with your left hand push him away from you, and he will fall on his back.	[96r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 096r.png 96r.			[273r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 273r.jpg 273r.
		A leg break with a throw When you both go together then step with your left leg inside his right and grab hold on the outside of his upper left arm, and with reach with your left around his waist.If he holds you thus and is about to pull you in, then grab with your left hand inside his right arm and reach with your right behind his back around his waist and onto his right side. Then kick his right shin with your right foot as hard as you can and you will break it. Then, pull him to you, and you will throw him over.	[96v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 096v.png 96v.			[273v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 273v.jpg 273v.
		A throw from the waist Do as follows: If your opponent stands with both legs together, and has taken hold of your left arm with his right hand, and with his left over your right arm in your right armpit, then take hold with your left hand in his right shoulder and pull him to you. Then reach with your left arm under his left armpit and grab hold of his waist and turn from your left to your right side, and you will throw him over the short hip or the waist.	[97r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 097r.png 97r.			[274r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 274r.jpg 274r.
		A carry off with a lock hold In this device you do thus: if your opponent stands with his feet together then step forward with your right foot, and bend down into the scales. If he then tries to grab you around your neck with his right had then grab with your right hand onto right leg and with your left take hold of his right arm by your neck, and pull it over your left shoulder and onto your chest. Then reach out with your right hand under his right leg and take hold of his right hand, and stand up, and you have him locked in and can carry him wherever your want.	[97v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 097v.png 97v.			[274v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 274v.jpg 274v.	[3r] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 3r.png 3r.
		A throw from the upper weak point Do this technique as follows: when you both go together, then step with your left leg outside his right and step down into the scales. Then, take hold with your left around his waist with support of your right hand, and put your left armpit under his right. If your opponent holds you thus and is about to throw you, then take hold of his leather collar with your right hand, and with your left in his right armpit. Then strike a knee hook with your right leg around his left and swing him over from your right side to your left over your right leg.	[98r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 098r.png 98r.			[275r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 275r.jpg 275r.	[3v] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 3v.png 3v.
		An armbreak with a throw When you go together do as described: step with your left leg on the outside behind his right, and take hold with your left hand from below on his right side. If he should grab you thus, then take quickly take hold with your left hand in his left hand, and pull it onto your chest. After that, you reach over his left arm with your right arm and take hold of his shoulder, and reach under it with your right to support your left. Then press down hard with your armpit and you will break his arm, and furthermore if you then swing him from your right hip over your right leg, he will fall over.	[98v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 098v.png 98v.			[275v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 275v.jpg 275v.	[4r] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 4r.png 4r.
		A throw from the tongs When you face your opponent in this device, do thus: step with your left leg outside his right. If he then stands with his right foot forward and grabs you by the crotch, then swiftly take hold of his left hand with your right and pull him towards you, and with your left hand grab him by his left elbow. If he holds you this way, and pulls you close, then grab hold with your right hand on his left shoulder and onto his collar. If he holds you thus then let go with your left hand from his left elbow, and put it on his neck, that way you will throw him from the tongs over your left leg.	[99r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 099r.png 99r.			[276r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 276r.jpg 276r.	[4v] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 4v.png 4v.
		A toppling from the tongs In this device you do as follows: stoop down into the scales, so that your right leg comes forward, and if he then stands upright, with his right leg forward when you stand in the scales, then reach out and with your left hand over his chest and and grab hold of his left side. If he does this to you, then quickly grab on to his left hand and pull him to you, put your right hand on his head and push down. Further, if he does this to you, then take hold of with your right arm behind both his knees, and push with your upper grip hard, on your left side and with your lower grip lift up high and you will topple him over from the tong hold.	[99v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 099v.png 99v.			[276v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 276v.jpg 276v.	[5r] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 5r.png 5r.
		A throw from the open tong hold When you go together, then do as follows: step with your left leg outside behind his right and put your left hand on his right shoulder near by his neck. If he holds you thus, then reach over his left hand with both your arms and pull it to your chest, so that he must bend down. If he is pressing you down so that you enters the scales, then reach through behind his right leg and grab hold of his left kneecap and pull it to you, and at the same time push away from you with the upper grip, then you will throw him backwards away from you.	[100r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 100r.png 100r.			[277r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 277r.jpg 277r.	[6r] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 6r.png 6r.
		A tong hold throw from the scales When you face your opponent in this device, then do as described here below: enter the scales so that you stand with your left leg behind his right. Then quickly, grab hold of his left leg with your right hand, and put your head on his chest. If he uses this on you, then put both your hands on his head and push down. If he pushes you down this way with both hands on your head, then put your right hand on his face and push it away from you and with your lower hand pull towards you, and you will throw him on his back with the tong hold.	[100v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 100v.png 100v.			[277v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 277v.jpg 277v.	[7r] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 7r.png 7r.
		An armlock Do thus in this device: step forward with your right foot and grab hold of his genitals with your right hand and with your left onto his chest. If he holds you this way with both hands then take hold with your left hand underneath on his right arm and with your right on the outside of his left and bend them over each other. Then step with your right leg on his right side and swing him over your right side to the ground.	[101r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 101r.png 101r.			[278r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 278r.jpg 278r.	[7v] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 7v.png 7v.
		A throw from the upper tong hold When you go both go together, then do as follows: step forward with your right leg behind his left. If he then stands with left foot forward and takes hold of your right side with his left hand and with his right behind around your waist, then grab him with your right hand in his right armpit and with your left onto his shoulder by his neck. Then pull him to your right side and throw him by the tong hold over your forward leg.	[101v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 101v.png 101v.			[278v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 278v.jpg 278v.
		A throw over the high hip Facing your opponent, step forward with your left foot and reach around his waist with your left hand and grab hold of his right armpit. If he holds you thus, then put your right hand on his left shoulder and reach with your left over his chest and and grab onto his right armpit. If he then reaches over your right arm and grabs onto your left shoulder in order to resist your throw, then put your left hip firmly onto his left hip and then swing him onto your right side and you will throw him by the high hip.	[102r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 102r.png 102r.			[279r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 279r.jpg 279r.
		Strengthening the weakness In this device you do as follows: put your left leg forward, and put your left hand on his right shoulder, your left hand on his left side. If he holds you thus, then quickly step down into the scales, and take hold of his left arm with your right hand, and push it upwards, and with your left hand inside on the back of his left knee. If he does this to you, then quickly pull back your left leg and put your right hand on his left arm, and push down. If he pushes you down thus, then put your head into his left armpit, and push him away from you, that way he will fall on his back.	[102v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 102v.png 102v.			[279v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 279v.jpg 279v.	[8r] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 8r.png 8r.
		A throw from the upper weak point Facing your opponent do as follows: step with your left leg outside behind his right and take hold of from the outside onto his right shoulder with your left hand and with your right hand onto his left arm. If he holds you thus, then reach behind is back with your left arm and around his waist, and put your right on the right side of his neck. Then, quickly stoop down on your left knee, and he is totally weakened and you will thereby throw him down to the ground.	[103r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 103r.png 103r.			[280r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 280r.jpg 280r.
		A throw from the middle weak point When you go together you and your opponent, should he stand with his right foot forward, and takes hold of your left arm with his left hand, then wind it free again, and reach around his waist with your left hand and grab hold of his right hip, and with your right hand take hold of his left leg. Lift it up high, and you will throw him face first over the hip.	[103v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 103v.png 103v.			[280v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 280v.jpg 280v.
		A throw from the middle and lower weak points Step with left leg between his both feet, and grab with your left hand around his neck and pull him onto you. If he holds you this way and pulls you onto him, then grab hold with your right hand in front around his waist, and with your left hand well below in his left leg. Then, quickly fall down on your left knee, push away with your upper grip, and lift up with your lower grip and he totally weakened and you will throw him backwards over your right leg.	[104r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 104r.png 104r.			[281r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 281r.jpg 281r.
		A throw from a run-in When you go together with your opponent do thus: stoop down into the scales before him, and if he then runs in on you so that he stands upright with his feet together, then quickly shoot in and put your head in his crotch. Then, grab hold around his legs with both hands together, lift up and he will fall straight backwards.	[104v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 104v.png 104v.			[281v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 281v.jpg 281v.
		A throw with an arm-twist Do as follows: step with your right foot outside behind your opponent's right, and grab hold with your right hand onto his left leg near his genitals, and with your left in his left arm. If your opponent holds you thus, ie with his right hand on your left leg near your genitals and his left on your left arm, then wind loose your left hand and put it on his neck., then strike a leg hook with your right foot around his right and push away from you with your upper hand, pull back with your leg hook, and lift up with your lower hand on his genitals, and you will throw him over.	[105r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 105r.png 105r.			[282r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 282r.jpg 282r.	[8v] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 8v.png 8v.
		A press down Step with your right foot towards your opponent. If he then stands in the scales, and is about to put his on your chest, then take good care to press together with both arms over his both arms near his chest. Then put your chest on his head and push down, pull your right leg back and pull him forward and he will fall on his face.	[105v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 105v.png 105v.			[282v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 282v.jpg 282v.
		A throw from the tong hold with the upper weak point When you go together in this device do thus: step with your right leg inside his left and grab with your right hand around his waist, and with your left onto his right arm. If he holds you thus and is about to throw you, then put your left foot backwards between his both as hard as you can, and grab with your right hand below onto his genitals, and put your left on his neck right under his chin. Then, lift up with your lower grip, and with your upper hand push down onto your left side, and you will throw him backwards over your left leg.	[106r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 106r.png 106r. .			[283r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 283r.jpg 283r.	[13r] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 13r.png 13r.
		A drive-down* Do as follows in this device: step with your left foot between his both feet, and reach around with both hands around his waist from behind, lift him up and drive him down hard. If he holds you thus and is about to drive you down, then grab around his neck with both arms and pull it over your shoulder. If he tries to do the same, then kick your right knee in the back of his right knee, this way hie will not be able to hold his balance, and you will throw him to the ground. * Latin: A technique where your opponent is removed from your hands and brought to the ground not without risk of injury.	[106v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 106v.png 106v.			[283v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 283v.jpg 283v. [Art contains an error]	[10v] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 10v.png 10v.
		A throw from the lifting of the opponent When you both go together execute this device as follows: step forward with your left leg and take hold with both arms around his waist, and pull him to you. If he holds you the same way, then take hold with both hands around his neck and pull his head over your chest. If he on the other hand has you in the same grip, then let go of your right hand from his waist and put it on his left elbow, and strike a leg hook around his right with your left. Then, push away from you with your upper grip and you will throw him on your left side.	[107r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 107r.png 107r.			[284r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 284r.jpg 284r.	[11r] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 11r.png 11r.
		A throw from the strong* Do as follows in this technique: step with your right foot in front of his right foot and ger. stoop down into the strong/lat. stoop down into the above mentioned technique, where you step forcefully towards your opponent. Put your head on his genitals, and take hold around his left leg with both hands. If he then grabs you with his left hand in your right arm and his right on your genitals in order to defend himself, then thrust with and your head and the rest of your body forcefully into his groin and pull his left leg with both hands against you, and he will fall backwards. * Latin: A throw out of force as shown below.	[107v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 107v.png 107v.			[284v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 284v.jpg 284v.	[9r] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 9r.png 9r.
		A carry-off with a throw Do as follows in the device described here below: stand with both feet erect facing him and put your left side out against him. Then grab with your left hand around his waist and onto his left armpit. If he holds you thus, then step down into the scales with your body against his waist, and reach around his both legs with your hands. Then, if you straighten up you might throw him or carry him away. If he holds you this way and is about to throw you, then grab hold of is hair with your right hand, that way you will not fall.	[108r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 108r.png 108r.			[285r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 285r.jpg 285r.	[9v] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 9v.png 9v.
		A throw over the shoulder When you step together, and your opponent grabs you with his left hand in your left side, then swiftly grab hold of his left hand with your right hand, and pull it over your right shoulder. Then, turn around go with your head under his left arm and take hold with your left hand in his right leg. Then lift up, and you may throw him over your right shoulder or carry him away.	[108v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 108v.png 108v.			[285v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 285v.jpg 285v.	[10r] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 10r.png 10r.
		A throat throw When you step in front of your opponent, take a good step with your right foot in front of his right foot, put your right hand onto his throat, and your left on his right side, that way you may throw him over your forward leg. If your opponent is about to throw you this way, then take hold of his left wrist with your right hand and with put your left on his chest. Then, step with your left foot onto the back of his left knee, and you will weaken him thereby, and throw him over your right leg.	[109r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 109r.png 109r.			[286r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 286r.jpg 286r.	[12v] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 12v.png 12v.
		A go-behind* When you face your opponent, stand with your right foot forward and take hold of his right hand with your own right hand. Then deceitfully step with your left foot behind him so that your back is against his back, take hold in his right armpit with your left hand. If he on the other hand steps so slyly behind you and has taken hold of you thus, then quickly stoop down and put your head in his waist. Then, grab with your left hand onto his right leg and lift up, and push your body hard onto his back, straighten yourself up, and you may throw him or carry him away. * Latin: A technique for deceiving the opponent whereby you stealthily fool him with a false step on your left foot.	[109v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 109v.png 109v.			[286v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 286v.jpg 286v.	[13v] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 13v.png 13v.
		A head first topple* When you come before the opponent then make sure to grab hold with your left hand in the back of his neck in his collar or in the jacket he is wearing. Then stoop down stretch the arm away from you so that he cannot take hold around you, and when he then tries to get away from you, then push him with above mentioned arm as if you were to throw him on his face. When he then extends his arms towards the ground in order to take the fall, do not let go of his collar but hold him firmly. Then reach through between his both legs with your right hand and take hold of his right hand and swing him over one foot, and you will topple him over head first. * A technique for putting the opponent down head first with his feet in the air.	[110r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 110r.png 110r.			[287r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 287r.jpg 287r.	[12r] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 12r.png 12r.
		A carry-off Do as follows in this technique: if your opponent stands with his right foot forward and grabs you with his right hand in your right side, then, if you want to win this fight, quickly grab hold with your left hand onto his right and lift it up high. Then bend down into the scales, so that his back gets on your left shoulder, and with your right hand grab hold of his lower left leg. Straighten yourself up, and you may either carry him away or throw him away from you.	[110v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 110v.png 110v.			[287v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 287v.jpg 287v.	[11v] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 11v.png 11v.
		How to hold a thrown opponent down If your opponent is brought to a fall and you fall with him, then take care to put your left hand on his left shoulder and press down, and with your right hand grab him by the hair. Then put your right knee behind on his back and your left foot over his both legs and press them together firmly. Then pull him up hard by the hair, and he will not be able to get up.	[111r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 111r.png 111r.			[288r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 288r.jpg 288r.
		How to pin down a fallen opponent, so that he cannot get up again when you both have fallen down, do thus: grab with your left hand in on the inside of his right elbow, and push it up, and with your right hand forward on his left arm, and stretch them out from each other. If he has taken hold of you this way, and lies chest to chest with you and with both legs between both of yours, then strike out with right foot over his back and with your left over his right, that way he is just as pinned down as you are. However, if you want to get free from him, then knee him in the groin, and he will have to let you go and has no more strength.	[111v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 111v.png 111v.			[288v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 288v.jpg 288v.
						[168v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 168v.jpg 168v.

Ott Jud
Born	date of birth unknown
Died	1448-52 (?)
Occupation	Wrestling master
Ethnicity	Jewish
Patron	princes of Austria
Movement	Fellowship of Liechtenauer
Genres	Wrestling manual
Language	Early New High German
Manuscript(s)	MS Chart.A.558 (1448) Cod.44.A.8 (1452) Cod.I.6.4º.3 (1460s) MS KK5126 (ca.1480) MS M.I.29 (1491) Ortenburg Fechtbuch (1400s) MS dresd.C.487 (1504-1519) MS E.1939.65.341 (1508) MS 26-232 (1512) MS germ.quart. 2020 (1535-40) Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch (1539) MS dresd.C.94 (1540s) Cod. 10826 (1540s) Cod.icon. 393 I (1550s) Cgm 3712 (1556) MS 26.236 (1500s) 2º Col.MS.Philos.61 (1600s) Cod.icon. 395 (ca. 1820)
First printed english edition	Tobler, 2010
Concordance by	Michael Chidester
Translations	Traduction française Traduction française Deutsch-Übersetzung Slovenski prevod

Ott Jud was a 15th century German wrestling master. His name signifies that he was a Jew, and several versions of his treatise (including the oldest one) state that he was baptized Christian. In 1470, Paulus Kal described him as the wrestling master to the princes of Austria, and included him in the membership of the Fellowship of Liechtenauer. While Ott's precise lifetime is uncertain, he may have still been alive when Hans Talhoffer included the Gotha version in his fencing manual in ca. 1448, but seems to have died some time before the creation of the Rome version in 1452.

Ott's treatise on grappling is repeated throughout all of the early German treatise compilations and seems to have become the dominant work on the subject within the Liechtenauer tradition.

Textual History

Manuscripts

It is difficult to say when Ott's treatise was written, and the original is certainly lost at present. It is also unclear how much of the material in the existing versions should be attributed to him directly. Jessica Finley has pointed out that the first 31 plays form a coherent progression, whereas the subsequent 38 plays are disorganized. Furthermore, there are a number of copies that are limited to one half or the other, including Vienna and the prose Wassmannsdorff for the first part and Dresden and the poetic Wassmannsdorff for the second; these copies of only the second part make no mention of Ott in their introductions. It's possible that these two halves of the text had separate origins, with the first being written by Ott and the second mistakenly attributed to him early on, a mistake that persisted in the tradition ever after.

The oldest extant copy is the Gotha version, which was included in a manuscript in the 1440s alongside works by Johannes Hartlieb, Hans Talhoffer, and others. The Gotha version appears incomplete compared to other early renditions, which may suggest that Ott was not directly involved despite its proximity to his career. Gotha was copied into several further manuscripts along with the other contents of the manuscript, including the New York (16th century), the Göttingen (17th century), and the third Munich (ca. 1820) versions; since these are all direct copies, they offer little additional help in understanding Ott's work (apart from being evidence of its continued transmission).

Two copies of Ott's work date to the mid-15th century, the Rome (1452) and Augsburg (1460s) versions. These both contain plays not found in Gotha but also show differences from each other, indicating that the textual tradition had already diverged into two branches (though Augsburg is only a fragment of its branch). Of the later 15th century copies, Vienna Ⅰ (1480s) and Ortenburg (late 1400s) follow Rome, and Salzburg (1491) is a complete version of the text appearing in Augsburg—indeed, Rainer Welle describes Salzburg as the most detailed version of the treatise up to that time. Likewise, in the 16th century, Dresden (1504-19), Glasgow (1508), and Kraków (1535-40) follow Rome, while Vienna Ⅱ (1512), Wassmannsdorff (1539), Munich Ⅱ (1556), and the works of Paulus Hector Mair follow Augsburg (Mayr's manuscripts and Munich Ⅱ even have the same gaps as the Augsburg fragment).

Establishing the relationships between these versions is very problematic. The pattern of which plays are present in each of the early versions and which plays are missing doesn't match the later versions in each branch—for example, Vienna Ⅰ has plays not present in Rome, Salzburg has far more than the fragmentary Augsburg, and there are a few plays present in both Vienna and Salzburg that are in neither one of those first versions. Either some later versions were created by combining multiple earlier ones, or there are many missing links in this chain. Furthermore, certain plays have descriptions that gain extra pieces of clarifying text as time passes, especially in the Rome branch. This is especially apparent in Kraków, which has expanded versions of more than half of the plays (and was also intended to be augmented with illustrations for the first time). This expanding text might be evidence that the early copies are all incomplete fragments and the expanded versions are the correct ones, but it may equally suggest that Ott's treatise received additional input and clarifications from other knowledgeable wrestlers over the course of time.

Finally, there were two notable transformations of Ott's treatise in the 16th century. First, Wassmannsdorff's now-lost 1539 manuscript contains two versions of Ott: one a fragment of the first 24 plays, the other covering the final 20 plays (49-69) but also including plays 50-55 recomposed as poems. This rewriting of a core text is otherwise unprecedented in the Liechtenauer tradition, and the author appears to be anonymous. The second transformation of the text occurred in the 1540s, when Mayr had it translated into Latin.

Most texts in the Liechtenauer corpus seem to have ossified immediately and been preserved without any intentional changes after they were initially written. The expansions to Ott's core plays and the poetic rewrite of part of the text both buck this trend, and make his treatise a unique example of a living textual tradition that may mirror a living teaching tradition.

Modern HEMA

Several books related to Ott were published in the 19th century which would be influential once HEMA was established, including Wassmannsdorf's transcription of the Augsburg version (and his own manuscript) in 1870, published as Die Ringkunst des deutschen Mittelalters, and Hergsell's transcription and modernization of the Gotha version in 1889, titled Talhoffers Fechtbuch (Gothaer Codex) aus dem Jahre 1443 (which was then translated to French and published in 1893 and 1901 as Livre d'escrime de Talhoffer (codex Gotha) de l'an 1443.

Ott was likewise represented at the very beginning of HEMA in Martin Wierschin's 1965 opus Meister Johann Liechtenauers Kunst des Fechtens, which included a transcription of the the Dresden manuscript (attributed entirely to Sigmund ain Ringeck, an error that would then persist in HEMA thought for half a century). Wierschin's catalog also includes more than half of the currently-known copies of Ott: Gotha, Rome, Augsburg, Vienna Ⅰ, Salzburg, Dresden, Dresden Ⅱ, Vienna Ⅲ, Munich Ⅱ, and Munich Ⅲ. Of those that were left out, Vienna Ⅱ, Kraków, Munich Ⅰ, and Göttingen were added by Hans-Peter Hils in his 1985 update Meister Johann Liechtenauers Kunst des langen Schwertes.

Of the remaining three known copies, the Glasgow Fechtbuch was identified in Sydney Anglo's 2000 opus as merely "[R. L.] Scott's Liechtenauer MS", but had been fully profiled by 2008 when Rainer Leng published his catalog. The New York version has mostly been left out of scholarly literature, though it was known by many HEMA researchers and was even the subject of an essay by Daniel Jaquet published by the Met in 2018. Finally, the Ortenburg Fechtbuch was discovered by Hils in the 80s, only to be lost again ever after; microfilm scans that Hils bought at the time were finally the subject of an extensive book by Dierk Hagedorn published in 2023 as Das Ortenburger Fechtbuch, including the first transcription, modernization, and other analysis.

The earliest work on Ott is inseparable from work on Ringeck, because of the previously-mentioned attribution of the Dresden manuscript to Ringeck. Thus, the first transcription of any part of the text would be Wierschin's transcription of the Dresden version in 1965, the first German modernization was made by Christoph Kaindel in the 1990s, and the first English translation was authored in 1999 by Alex Kiermayer. Another English translation was produced by Christian Tobler and published in 2001 by Chivalry Bookshelf in Secrets of German Medieval Swordsmanship, and a third English translation was produced by David Lindholm and published in 2005 by Paladin Press as part of Sigmund Ringeck's Knightly Arts of Combat: Sword-and-Buckler Fighting, Wrestling, and Fighting in Armor.

Possibly the first dedicated work on Ott (under his own name) was done by Monika Maziarz, who transcribed the Rome, Augsburg, Salzburg, and Kraków versions between 2002 and 2004 and posted them on the ARMA-PL site.

The first English and Solvenian translations of a complete version of Ott (rather than the Dresden fragment) were created by Gregor Medvešek in 2010.

In 2015, Kendra Brown, Nicole Brynes, Michael Chidester, Rebecca Garber, Mark Millman, members of the Cambridge HEMA Society (CHEMAS), transcribed and translated the German and Latin versions of Ott in Paulus Hector Mair's Vienna Ⅲ. The transcriptions were donated to Wiktenauer but the translation was saved until it could be edited and refined.

In 2017, Laurent Ott completed a new transcription of the Rome version and a French translation, posting it on the Gagschola site.

However, most work on Ott has been done as part of larger projects processing an entire manuscript. In 2006, Carsten Lorbeer, Julia Lorbeer, Andreas Meier, Marita Wiedner, and Johann Heim, working as part of the Gesellschaft für pragmatische Schriftlichkeit, authored a complete transcription of the Vienna Ⅰ manuscript as part of their Paulus Kal project (which was eventually posted on that site). Also in 2006, Dierk Hagedorn authored a new transcription of the entire Rome manuscript as well as a German modernization, posting both on the Hammaborg site. These were subsequently published by VS-Books in Transkription und Übersetzung der Handschrift 44 A 8 in 2008. Over the subsequent decade, Dierk would go on to likewise transcribe the entirety of the manuscripts containing the Gotha, Augsburg, Vienna Ⅰ, Dresden Ⅰ, Glasgow Ⅰ, and Vienna Ⅱ, all of which were likewise released on Hammaborg. In 2012, Pierre-Henry Bas transcribed large sections of the Dresden version of Mair's work for his dissertation and released them on his blog REGHT, including Ott.

In 2010, Christian Henry Tobler's complete English translation of the Rome manuscript was published by Freelance Academy Press as In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval German Fighting Arts; this translation was also used by Jessica Finley in her 2014 book on Ott, also published by Freelance. In 2017, Rainer Welle published a complete transcription of the Kraków manuscript in Codices manuscripti & impressi (Supp. 12) as "Ein unvollendetes Meisterwerk der Fecht- und Ringkampfliteratur des 16. Jahrhunderts sucht seinen Autor: der Landshuter Holzschneider und Maler Georg Lemberger als Fecht- und Ringbuchillustrator?"

Several of Dierk Hagedorn's transcriptions also turned into books. His Augsburg transcription was published in 2017 by VS-Books in Jude Lew: Das Fechtbuch along with modernizations and English translations by various others; Ott's section was modernized and translated by Anneka Fleischhauer. He combined his Rome transcription with Tobler's English translation to create The Peter von Danzig Fight Book, published by Freelance Academy Press in 2021. His Vienna Ⅱ transcription and German modernization was published by VS-Books as Albrecht Dürer. Das Fechtbuch in 2021, and was published by Greenhill Books along with his English translation as Dürer's Fight Book: The Genius of the German Renaissance and his Combat Treatise in 2022.

Treatise

Select one or more fencing styles using the checkboxes below to view the associated treatises.

The number in brackets at the beginning of each translation box is a paragraph number assigned by Wiktenauer; clicking it will take you to the translation page. The numbers in brackets in the transcriptions with an "r" or "v" are manuscript folio numbers; clicking them will take you to original page scan with the transcription alongside for comparison. If you want to sort a column by number, click the black triangles in the table headers.

The text of the Krakow version frequently refers to intended illustrations that were never added to the manuscript. The appropriate blank pages are included in the illustration column for reference. It's possible (though not likely, given what we know about its origins) that this manuscript was replicating another one with a complete set of illustrations; if this ever surfaces, the blank pages will be replaced.

Original Teaching
Illustrations Kraków Version	Translations Draft Translation (Rome only) (2010) by Gregor Medvesek Incomplete Translation (Dresden only) (2002) by Alex and Almirena	Transcriptions German: Gotha Version (1448) by Dierk Hagedorn Rome Version (1452) by Dierk Hagedorn Augsburg Version (1460s) by Dierk Hagedorn Vienna Version Ⅰ (1480s) by Dierk Hagedorn Ortenburg Version (1400s) (Untranscribed) Salzburg Version (1491) by Dierk Hagedorn Dresden Version Ⅰ (1504-19) by Dierk Hagedorn Glasgow Version Ⅰ (1508) by Dierk Hagedorn Vienna Version Ⅱ (1512) by Dierk Hagedorn Kraków Version (1535-40) by Monika Maziarz Wassmannsdorff's Version (1539) by Karl Wassmannsdorff and Michael Chidester Dresden Version (Mair) (1542) by Pierre-Henry Bas Vienna Version (Mair) (1550s) by Nicole Brynes, Rebecca Garber, Mark Millman Munich Version Ⅱ (1556) (Untranscribed) New York Version (1500s) (Untranscribed) Göttingen Version (1600s) (Untranscribed) Munich Version Ⅲ (ca. 1820) (Untranscribed) Latin: Munich Version (Mair) (1540s) (Open for editing) Vienna Version (Mair) (1550s) by Kendra Brown and Rebecca Garber
16th Century Poetic Rendering
Translations Draft Translation (2016) by Jay Acutt	Transcriptions Wassmannsdorff's Version (1539) by Karl Wassmannsdorff and Michael Chidester

Teachings of Ott Jud

Illustrations from the Kraków	Draft Translation (from the Rome) (2010) by Gregor Medvešek	Incomplete Translation (from the Dresden) (2002) by Alex and Almirena	Gotha Version (1448)  Transcribed by Dierk Hagedorn	Rome Version (1452)  Transcribed by Dierk Hagedorn	Augsburg Version (1460s)  Transcribed by Dierk Hagedorn	Vienna Version Ⅰ (ca.1480)  Transcribed by Dierk Hagedorn	Ortenburg Fechtbuch (1400s)	Salzburg Version (1491)  Transcribed by Dierk Hagedorn	Dresden Version (1504-1519)  Transcribed by Dierk Hagedorn	Glasgow Version Ⅰ (1508)  Transcribed by Dierk Hagedorn	Vienna Version Ⅱ (1512)  Transcribed by Dierk Hagedorn	Kraków Version (1535-40)  Transcribed by Monika Maziarz	Wassmannsdorff Version (1539)  Transcribed by Karl Wassmannsdorff and Michael Chidester	Dresden (Mair) Version (1540s)  Transcribed by Pierre-Henry Bas	Vienna (Mair) German Version (1550s)  Transcribed by Nicole Brynes, Rebecca Garber, Mark Millman	Munich (Mair) Version (1540s)  Transcription open for editing	Vienna (Mair) Latin Version (1550s)  Transcribed by Kendra Brown, Rebecca Garber	Munich Version Ⅱ (1556)	New York Version (1500s)	Göttingen Version (1600s)	Munich Version Ⅲ (ca. 1820)
	[1] Here begins the wrestling as taught by master Ott, the wrestling master of the noble dukes of Austria, may God have mercy on his soul.	[1]	[109v.1] Verzund hernach so hebt sich an dÿ maß czu allem Ringñ dye stuck dann gemacht hat Ott der ey~ tauffter Jud ist gewesñ	[100v.1] Hÿe heben sich an die ringen die do gesatz hat maister Ott dem got genädig seÿ der hochgeborñ fürsten von Österreich ringer gewesen ist	[85r.1] Hie heben sich an die Ringen die Maister Ott gedicht hat der ein getauffter Jud gewesen ist	[122v.8] Die her nach geschribenn ringen hat gemacht ein tauffter Jud genant maister ott der herrnn vonn oster reich ringer	[53r.2]	[119r.1] Item Hie hebt sich an das Ringenn zu° fueß		[67r.1] Das sind die Ringen die der Ott gemacht hat der ain tauffter Jüd gewessen ist /		[131r.1] Hie heben sich an die Rinngen. So Maister Ott. Welticher der löblichen Fürsten von Öster reich Ringer gewesen, gesetzt. d[em].g[ott].g[enadig]···...···						[38r.1] Page:Cgm 3712 038r.jpg
	[2] [A good common teaching] Every wrestling must consist of three things. The first one is skill, the second one is speed, and the third one is the proper application of strength. Keep in mind that the best of them is speed as it prevents your opponent from countering you. It is also important to attack a weaker opponent first, an equally strong opponent at the same time as he attacks you, and a stronger opponent after his attack. When you attack first use your speed, when you attack at the same time as the opponent use your balance and when you act after your opponent pay attention to his knee-bendings.	[2]	[109v.2] merck ein ler In allenn ringñ sullenn sein drew ding das erst ist kunst das ander Ist snellikayt das dritt ist rechtew abgevng der sterck dar vmb so sol man merckñ das das pest ist snellikayt dy lat nicht czu pruchen komenn Darnach soltu merckenn das mã den kranckenn sol vor ringñ vnd allenn gleichñ sol mã mit ringenn vnd allenn \starcken/ sol man nach ringenn vnd In allñ gleichñ vor ringñ so wart der snellikayt In allem mit ringñ so wart der wag Vnd czu allem nach ringñ so wart der knyepug	[100v.2] In allen ringen süllen sein drew dingk Das erst ist kunst das ander ist schnelligchait Das dritt ist rechte anlegung der sterck dar vmb soltu mercken das das pest ist Schnellichait die lest nicht zu° prüche kumen Darnach soltu mercken das man allen chrancken sol vor ringen vnd allen geleichen sol man mit ringen vnd allen starcken sol man nach ringen vnd In allen vor ringen wart der schnellichait In allen mit ringen wart der wag vnd in allen nach ringen wart der knÿepüg ~	[85r.2] ITem In allen Ringen süllen sein drej dingk. Das erst kunst. Das ander schelligkeit.[!] Daz dritt ist recht anlegung der sterck Darümb soltu mercken das pest ist schnelligkeit die nit lest zuprüchen kommen Darnach soltu mercken das man allen krancken sol vor Ringen vnd allen starcken nachringen Vnd In allem vorringen wardt der schnelligkeitt In allen mitringen wart der wog Vnd In allen nachringen wartt der kniepüg.	[122v.9] In allenn ringenn sullenn sein drew ding das erst ist chunnst das ander schnel lichait das tritt ist rechte anlegung der sterck vnd wis das dy snellichait das pest ist die lät nichtz zw prechenn chumenn auch sol man allenn chranckenn vor ringen allenn geleichenn sol man mit ringen allenn starcken sol man nach ringenn vnd in allenn vor ringen wartt der snellichait vnd in allem mit ringen wart [!] vnd in allem nach ringen wart der chnyepug	[53r.2]	[119r.2] Item In allen Ringenn sollen syn drÿ ding Das erst künst das ander schnellikeytt das tritt ist recht an legu°ng der sterck darümb soltu mercken / das best ist schnellikeÿtt die nit zu bruchen lest kumen Dar noch soltu merckenn daß man allen krancken sol vorr ringenn vnd allen starcken noch ringenn vnd in allem vor ringen wart der schnellikeytt In allen mit ringenn wart der wag vnd In allem vnd ringnn wart der knye bueg		[67r.2] Ain gemaine guette Ler Item allen ringen sullen sein dreu ding / das erst ist kunst das ander ist schnellikait / das dritt ist rechte anlegung der sterck / daru~b soltü mercken / das das pest ist schneligkait die last nit zu pruchen kumen / darnach soltu mercken / das man allen krancken sol vor ringen / Vnd allen gleichñ sol man mit ringen / Vnd allen starcken sol man nach ringen / vnd in allen vor ringen wart der schnelikait / In allen mit ringen wart der wag / vnd in allen nach ringen wart der knye pueg	[100v.8] Ringung Item In allem ringen Sollen sein drÿg ding das erst kunst das ander schnelleklichen das dritt ist rech an legung der stercke dar vmb soltu mercken das erst ist schnellickeyt die do mit lust [!] zu brechen kummen darnoch soltu mercken das man allen krancken sol vor ringen vnd allenn starcken nach ringen vnd in allem vor ringen wart der schnellickeyt In allenn mit ringen der wage vnd in allem nach ringen der knübuge wartt	[131r.2] ~ Die ersten ~ In allen rinngen sollen sein drei ding, daß erst ist künst Daß ander ist schneligkeit, Daß drit ist rechter anlegunng der sterckh Darumb merckh, daß besst ist schneligkeit die lest nit zu bruch kummen, Darnach soltu mercken, daß man allen kranncken soll vor ringen, Unnd allen gleichen soll man mit ringen, Unnd allen starcken soll mann nachringen, Unnd in allen vorringen wart der schnelligkeit, In allenn mitringenn wart der wag, Unnd in allen nachrinngen wart der kniebug,	[1] Item In allen Ringen füllen drei ding sein Das erst kunst Das ander Schnelligkeit. Daz dritt ist recht anlegung dr schritt[!] Darümb soltu mercken das pest ist schnelligkeit die laß nit zu brauchen komen Darnach soltu mercken das man allen krancken sol vor Ringen vnd allen starcken nachringen vnd In allem vorringen wardt der schnelligkeitt In allē mit ringen wart der wag vnd In allē nachringen wart der kniepüg.	[114r.2] Die Rinngen Item Inn allen Rinngen sollen sein drey dinng. das erst kunnst. das annder schnelligkait. das drit ist recht. anlegunng der sterckh. Darumb soltu mercken das pöst ist schnelligkait. die nit last zu pruchen kommen. Darnach soltu mercken. das man allen kranncken. soll vor rinngen. vnd allen starcken. nachrinngen. vnnd Inn allen vorrinngen. wart der schnelligkait. Inn allem mitrinngen wart der wag. vnnd Inn allem nachrinngen. wart der kniepug.	[87r.1] Erinnerunng dess Rinngens. Inn Allen Rinngen sollen drei dinng sein: das erst ist Kunnst, Das annder Schnelligkeit, Unnd das drit Rechte anlegunng der Sterckh, Darumb soltu mercken, das pesst ist Schnelligkeit, die nit lesst zu brüchen kommen, darnach solltu mercken, das man allen kranncken solle vorrinngen unnd aller starcken nachrinngen, unnd inn allen vorrinng warrt der Schnelligkeit, In allem mitrinngenn warrt der Wag, unnd in allem Nachrinngen warrt der Kniebüg.	[292r.1] Exhortatio qua quoquisque athleta modo in luctis uti debeat docetur Tria in omnie luctae genere maxime observentur: primum est ars ipsa. secundum celeritas in agendo, tertium ut viribus tuis suo loco et tempore rite utaris. Quorum longe optimum est celeritas quae minime admittit, ut habitus tui in luctando in nihilum redigantur. Post observandum est, ut infirmos facile quibusvis habitibus vincas utendo. Infirmi vero magnopere curent ut prospiciant diligenter ubi hostis sit vincendus. Infirmi item celeriter agant, et poplitem hostis observent, colluctationi libra opus erit.	[104r.1] Exhortatio qua quo quisque athleta modo in luctis uti debeat docetur. Tria in omnj luctae genere maxime observentur, primum est ars ipsa: secundum, celeritas in agendo, tercium, ut viribus tuis suo loco et tempore rite utaris, Quorum longè optimum est celeritas, quae minime admittit, ut habitus tuj in luctando in nihilum redigantur, Pòst observandum est, ut infirmos facile quibusvis habitibus vincas utendo, Infirmi vero magnopere curent, ut prospiciant diligenter, ubi hostis sit vincendus, Infirmi item celeriter agant, et poplitem hostis observent, colluctationj libra opus erit.	[38r.2] Page:Cgm 3712 038r.jpg
	[3] This is a teaching When you want to wrestle with someone, make sure you always grab him with your left hand by the muscle of his right arm and with your right hand by the outer side of his left arm. Quickly push back his right arm, which you have grabbed by the muscle, grab lower on his left arm with your right hand and pull it forcefully towards yourself. When you have grabbed someone in this manner continue with whichever wrestling technique of here described you see fit.	[3]		[100v.3] Das ist ein lere Wenn dw mit einem ringen wild aus den armen So gedenck albeg das du in fast mit deiner lincken hant in der maus seins rechten arm~s vnd mit der rechten hant in faß aus wendig seins lincken arm~s vnd mit der lincken hant die du in der maus hast druck frisch zw° ruck vnd mit der rechten hant begreif ÿm sein k lincke hant foren vnd zeuch fast zw° dir vnd wenn du einen also gefast hast so treib die ringen die hernach geschriben sten welches dich am pesten dunckt ~	[85r.3] Item wenn du mit einem Ringen wilt auß den armen So gedenck albeg das du In fassest mit deiner lincken hant In der mauß seines rechten armes vnd mit deiner [85v.1] rechten hant In fassest außwendig seins lincken armes vnd mit der lincken hant die du In der mauß hast truck frisch zu rucke vnd mit deiner rechten hant begreif Im sein lincke hant vorn vnd zuck vast zu dir Vnd wann du einen also geuast hast So treib die ringen die hiernach geschrieben sten welches dich am pesten duncket	[122v.10] wann dw mit einem ringenn wild [123r.1] Aus dem arm so gedennck albeg das dw in vast mit der tenckenn hannd in der maus seins rechtenn arm vnnd mit der rechtenn hand in vast auswendig seins tenncken arms vnd mit der tenncken hand die do In in twiest hast druckt vast zu ruck vnd mit der rechtenn hannd begreyf sein tencke hand vorn vnd zeuch die vast zw dir vnd wenn dw ainen also geuast hast so treyb die her nach geschribenn ringenn	[53r.4]	[119r.3] Itm~ wan du mit eynem Ringenn willt vß den armenn So gedenck allwegenn daß du In vassest mit der lincken hantt In der mauß synes rechtenn arms vnd mit diner rechte~ hantt vßwendig sines lincken arm vnd mit der linckenn hantt die du in der mauß hast druck Frisch zu° rueck vnd mit diner rechte~ hantt begriff im sin lincke hantt vorn vnd zuck vast zu dir vnd wan du eynenn also gefast hast So tribe die ringenn die hernoch geschribenn sten welche dir gefallenn ~~		[67r.3] Merck die fassen in den armen / Wen du mit ainem ringen wild auß den armen / so gede~ck albeg das du in vast mit deiner lingken handt / in der maus seins rechten arms / vnd mit der rechte~ hand in vast auß wendig seins lincken arms / vnd mit der lincken die du in der mauß hast / druck frisch zu ruck / vnd mit der rechten handt begreiff im sein lincke handt forn vnd zeuch vast zu dir / vnd wen du ain also gefast hast / so treib die ringen die hernach geschriben stend / welchs dich am pestñ dünckt /	[100v.9] Item Wan du mit einem ringen willt auß dem arm So gedenck alwegen das du Im fassest mit der lincken hand Inder mauß außwendig seynes lincken arms vnd mit der lincken hand die du in der maüß hast durch frisch zu ruck vnd mit deiner rechten hand begriff In sein lincke hand forn vnd zuck fast zu dir vnd wann du einen also gefasset hast So reybe die ringüng die her nach geschriben sten	[131r.3] ~·Ein ler ~ Wenn du mit einnem ringen willt, aus den armen, so gedennckh albeg daß du in fasst, mit deinner linncken hant in der mauß, seinnß rechten armß, Unnd mit der rechten hannt fasß in auswenndig seinß linncken armß, unnd mit der linncken hannt die du in der mauß hast, [131v.1] druck frisch zu ruck, unnd mit der rechten hannt begreif im sein linncken hannt vornnen, unnd zeuch vast zu dir, unnd wenn du ainen also gefasst hast, so treib die ringen die hernach geschriben steen welcher dich am besten dunckht,	Item wenn du mit einem Ringen wilt auß den armen So gedenck albeg das du In fassest mit deiner lincken haut du mans seines rechten armes vnd mit deiner rechten hant In außwendig fasset seinen lincken armes vnd mit dr linckē haut, die du dan der mauß hast, truck frisch zu rucke vnd mit deinr rechten hant begreif Im sein lincke hant vorn vnd zuck vast zu dir vnd wann du in einen also gevast hast, So treib die ringen die hienach geschrieben sein welches dich am pesten dunket.	[114v.1] Ausz den Armen zu Rinngen. Item wann du Mit ainnem Rinngen wilt. ausz den Armen so gedennckh alweg das du In fassest mit deinner linncken hannd Inn der Maus seinnes Rechten Arms vnnd mit deinner rechten hannd In fassest auszwenndig seinns Linncken Arms. vnnd mit der Linncken hannd. die du Inn der Mausz fassest. truckh frisch zu rucken vnnd mit deinner rechten hannd begreiff Im seinn linncken hannd. fornen vnnd zuckh fast zu dir. vnnd wann du ain also gefassest. so treib die Rinngen die hernach geschriben stehen. welches dich am Posten dunncket.	[87r.2] Auß den Armen Rinngen. Item. Wann mit ainem Rinngen willt auß den Armen, so gedennck allweg, das du im fassest mit deiner linnggen hannd, im der mauß seines rechten arms, unnd mit deiner rechten hannd im fassest auswenndig seines linnggen arms, unnd mit der linnggen hannd, die du in der mauß fassest druck frisch zu rugg, Vnnd mit deiner rechten hand [87v.1] begreif imm sein linngge hannd vornen vnnd zucke fasst zu dir vnnd wann du ainnen allso gefasst hast so treib die Rinnggen die hernach geschriben steen wölches dich am pessten dunnckht.	[292r.2] Ratio luctandi ex brachiis ut infra declarabitur Quum voles adversarium lucta adgredi ex brachiorum correptione, tum memineris semper ut musculum dextri brachii hostis manu tua sinistra adprehendas, dextra autem brachium ipsius sinistrum externe, atque sinistra qua musculum ipsius contines, retrorsum reprimas pro viribus, dextra vero manum adversarii anterius adprehendas, nec non adtrahas. Si igitur quempiam praescripta ratione corripueris, iis luctarum habitibus qui subsequenter iam describuntur utitor	[104r.2] Ratio luctandi ex brachijs ut infra declarabitur. Quum voles adversarium lucta adgredi ex brachiorum correptione, tum memineriius semper, ut musculum dextri brachij hostis, manu tua sinistra adpraehendas, dextra autem brachium ipsius sinistrum externè: atque sinistra, qua musculum ipsius contines, retrorsum reprimas pro viribus, dextra vero, manum adversarij anterius adprehendas, nec non adtrahas, Si igitur quempiam praescripta ratione corripueris, ijs luctarum habitibus, qui subsequenter iam describúntur, utitor.	[38r.3] Page:Cgm 3712 038r.jpg
	[4] [The first wrestling] When you have grabbed him in this manner—with the left hand by the muscle of his right arm and with the right hand low on his left arm—slide your left hand around his right arm, grab his right elbow from below and pull it towards yourself. Use your right arm—with which you have grabbed his left arm—to push away. This is how you twist his arm.	[4]	[109v.2] Wann du In also geuast hast so var mit deiner tenckñ hãt auß seine~ rechtñ arm vnd begreiff Im vndenn seine~ rechten elbogenn vnd zeug den czu dir vnd mit sem rechtñ do du dein dencke hant In hast stoß Im den arm võ dir so ver ruckest du Im den arm	[101r.1] Das erst wenn du In also gefast hast mit der lincken hant in der maus seins rechten arm~s vnd mit der rechten hant vorñ peÿ seiner lincken So var mit deiner lincken hant aus seine~ rechten arm~ vñ begreif ÿm vnden seinen rechten elpogen vnd zeuch den zu° dir vnd mit der rechten do du sein lincke hant Inn hast stos Im den arm~ von dir so verenckstu Im den arm~ ~	[85v.2] Item Das erst stuck Wann du In also geuasset hast So far mit deiner lincken hant auf sein rechten arm vnd begreiff In vntter seiner rechten hant da du sein lincke hant Innen hast Stos Im den arm von dir So verrenckstu Im den arm.	[123r.2] wenn dw in geuast hast mit der tennckenn hand in der maus seins rechtenn arms vnd mit der rechtenn vorn bey seiner tenckenn so far mit deiner rechtenn hannd auf seinen rechtenn arm vnd begreyff inn vnd seinen rechtenn elpogenn vnd zeuch denn domit zue dir vnd mit der rechten da dw Im sein /+tenncke/ hannd in hast stoß im denn arm //// von dir//	[53r.5] [53v.1]	[119v.1] Das erst Ringenn Itm~ wan du yn also gefast hast So far mit diner linckenn hantt vff sinem rechte~ arm vnd begriff im vnder sinem rechte~ elnbogenn vnd zuck den zu dir vnd mit der rechte~ hantt so du sin lincke hantt ynn hast Stoß den arm von dir so ver°uckstu ÿm den arm		[67r.4] Das Erst stuckt Wen du in also gefasst hast mit der lincken hant in der maus seins rechten arms vnd mit der rechten handt vorñ [67v.1] vorñ[!] pey seinem lincken / so var mit deiner lincken handt auß seinem rechten arm~ / vnd bereiff im vndten sein rechtñ arm~ olpogñ vnd zeuch in zu dir / vnd mit der rechten handt da du sein lincke handt in hast stos im den arm~ von dir / so verrenckst du im denn arm~	[100v.10] Die erst Wann du Im also gefasset hast So far mit deiner lincke hand auff sein rechten arm vnd begriff In vnden sein rechten elenwogen vnd zucken den zu dir vnd mit der rechten hand do du sein lincke hand Ime hast stost den arm von dir So verruckestu Im den arm	[131v.2] .das erst fassen. [132r.1] aus dem fassen ein armuerzucken Daß erst wann du inne also gefasst hast, mit der linckhen hannt in der mauß, seinneß rechten armß, Unnd mit deinner rechtn hannt vorn bey seiner linckhen, so far mit deinr lincken hant auß seinnem rechten arm (auß der mauß), Unnd begreif ime damit balt seinen rechten albogen, Unden, und zeuch den zu dir Unnd mit deinr lincken hannt do du sein lincke hant vornen mit gefasst, da stoß ime sein rechtn arm mit von dir, so veruckhstu ime den, wie hie gemalt,	Item Das erst stuck wann du In also geuasset hast So far mit deiner lincken hant auß seinem rechten arm vnd begreiff (In vnnter seiner rechten hand vnd zeug dan czu dir vnd mit der rechten hant) die du sein lincke hant Innen hast Stos Im den arm von dir So verruckstu Im den arm.	[114v.2] Das erst fassen Item das Erst stuckh. wann du In also gefasset hast. so far mit deinner Linncken hannd. auf sein rechten arm. vnnd begreiff Inn vnnder seinner Rechten hannd. da du sein linncken hand Innen hast. stosz Im den Arm. von dir. so verrenckest du Im den Arm.	[87v.2] Das erst fassen. Item Das erst struck wann du ine allso gefasst hast, so far mit deiner linnggen hannd, auf seinen rechten arm, vnnd begreif ime vnndter seiner rechten hannd, da du sein linngge hannd innenn hast, stoss ime den Arm von dir, so verrennckstu ime den Arm.	[292r.3] Ratio adprehendendi hostem prima Si corripueris adversarium iniecta brachio hostili dextro manu [292v.1] tua sinistra atque sub manu eius dextra complectitor ubi ipsius sinistram contines. Inde, si brachium propuleris brachium adversarii infirmabis.	[204r.3] Ratio adprehendendi hostem prima. Si corripueris adversarium, iniecta brachio hostili dextro, manu tua sinistra, atque sub manu eius dextra complectitor ubi ipsius sinistram contines, inde si brachium propuleris, brachium adversarij infirmabis.	[38r.4] Page:Cgm 3712 038r.jpg
	[5] Another When you have grabbed him as described before use your right hand to lift his left arm up, duck with your head under his left arm and pull it onto your neck. With your left hand, grab his left leg by the bending of the knee and throw him over your back.	[5]	[109v.4] Ain Ander stuck Heb Im auff dem tenckenn arm mit deiner rechtñ hant vnd var Im mit dem hewpt vnder den arm vnd zeuch In den vber deine~ hals vnd mit der tenckenn hant begreiff Im sein tenckeß pain in der knyepug vnd wurff ir In alßo vber deine~ ruck	[101r.2] Ein anders Item wenn du In gefast hast als vor so heb ÿm auf den lincken arm~ mit deiner rechten hant vnd var Im mit dem haubt durch den arm~ vnd zeuch den vber deinen hals vnd mit der lincken begreif ÿm sein lincks pain in der knÿepüg vnd wurf In also vber deinen ruck ~	[85v.3] Item ein anders auß den vassen. Heb Im auf den lincken arm mit deiner rechten hant Vnd far Im mit dem haubt durch den arm [86r.1] vnd zuck Im den über deinen hals vnd mit der lincken hant begreiff Im sein linckes pein In der kniepiegung vnd würff In also über den rucke.	[123r.3] wenn dw in geuast hast mit deiner tenncken handt in der maus seins rechten arms vnd mit der rechtenn vor bey seiner tennckenn so heb im auf denn techkenn arm vnd dem vber seinen hals vnd mit der tencken hand begreyff sein techtz pain in der chnye pug vnnd würff in also vber dich Ober	[53v.2]	[119v.2] Ein anders Itm~ vß dem vassenn heb ym vff den linckenn arm mit diner rechte~ hantt vnd ge im mitt dem haupt durch denn arm vnd zück In dan vber dins hals vnd mit der lincke~ hantt begriff Im sein linckes pein in der kneulbbueg vnd wurff in also vber denn Rurck ~		[67v.2] Ains anders Item / Wen du in gefast hast als vor heb in auff den lincken arm~ mit deiner rechtñ handt / vnd far im mit dem haubt durch den arm~ / vnd zeuch in dan vber dein hals / vnd mit der lincken handt pegreiff im sein lincks pain in der knyepueg / vnd wurff in also vber den rück	[100v.11] Das ander Auß dem fassen Hab Im auf den lincken arm mit deiner rechten hand Im mit dem haupt durch den vnd zuck In dan über den halß vnd mit der lincken hand begriff sein linckes beyn Inder knüpuge vnd wirff im alß über dein ruck	[132v.1] ~: ein Wurf aus dem erst fasen :~· Wann du in gefast hast wie daß erst fasen anzeigt, Nemblichn seinen rechtn arm in der mauß mit deinr linckhen hannt, unnd mit deinr rechten hant, seinn lincke vornen, So heb ime auf sein linckhen arm, mit deinr rechten hant, Unnd vor im mit dem haubt durch den arm, und zeuch denn yber deinnen halß, Unnd mit deinr linckhen begreif im seinn linnckß bain in der kniebug, Unnd wurf in yber dein ruckh wie hie gemalt,	Item ein anders auß den vassen. Heb Im auf den lincken arm mit deiner rechten hant vnd schleuss mit dem haubt durch den arm vnd zuck Im den über den hals vnd mit der lincken hant begreiff Im sein linckes pein In der kniepiegūg vnd würff In also über den rucke.	[115r.1] Ainn annders Fassen Item ain annders Ausz den fassen. heb. Im auf den Linncken Arm mit deinner Rechten hannd vnnd far Im mit dem haupt. durch den arm. vnnd zuckh Im den vber deinnen hals. vnnd mit der linncken hannd begreiff Im seinn Linnckes pain Inn der kniepuge. vnnd wirff In allso vber den rucken.	[87v.3] Ein anders fassen. Item hebe ime auf, den linnggen arm mit deiner rechten hannd, und fare ime mit dem haubt durch den arm, unnd zuck ime den über deinen halß unnd mit der linnggen hannd begreif ime sein lingger bain inn der kniebüge, unnd wirf ime allso über den rucken.	[292v.2] Secunda ratio Manu dextra brachium hostis sinistrum sublevato, atque caput sub brachio eodem transmittas. Inde brachium celeriter collo tuo circuminiicias, sinistra vero manu sinistrum itidem hostis pedem adprehendas in ipso poplite, atque ea ratione usus per dorsum hostem praecipites.	[104r.4] Secunda ratio Manu dextra brachium hostis sinistrum sublevato, atque caput sub brachio eodem transmittas, inde brachium celeriter collo tuo circumijcias, sinistra vero manu, sinistrum itidem hostis pedem adprehendas in ipso poplite, atque ea ratione usus, per dorsum hostem praecipites.	[38r.4] Page:Cgm 3712 038r.jpg [38v.1] Page:Cgm 3712 038v.jpg
	[6] Another wrestling from the first hold Use your right hand to lift his left arm. Grab his elbow from below with your left hand and pull it towards yourself. Use your right hand to push his arm up and away from yourself. Spring with your left leg behind his right leg and throw him over your left thigh.	[6]	[109v.5] Aber ein ander Stuck Heb Im auff /sey~\ tenckenn arm mit deiner tenckñ hant vndenn [110r.1] an deine~ elpogñ vnd zeuch da mit czu dir vnd mit der rechtñ stoß obenn võ dir vnd spring mit dem tenckñ fuß vnd wurff in ausß dem fueß vber dein tenckes pain	[101r.3] Aber ein ringen aus dem erstñ fassen Item heb ÿm auf den lincken arm~ mit der rechten hant vnd greif Im mit der lincken vnden an seinen elpogen vnd zeuch do mit zu° dir vnd mit dem rechten stos Im den arm~ oben von dir vnd spring mit deine~ lincken fuess hinder seinen rechten vnd würf In aus dem fuess vber dein lincks pain ~	[86r.2] Item ein anders auß dem fassen Heb Im auf den lincken arm mit deiner rechten hant vnd greiff Im mit deiner lincken hant vnden In sein elenpogen vnd zuck damit zu dir vnd mit der rechten stos oben von dir vnd spring mit deinem lincken fuß hintter seinen rechten fuß vnd würff In auß dem fuß über dein linckes pein etc.	[123r.4] heb im auf denn tenncken arm mit deiner rechten hannd vnd greyff im mit deiner tenckenn vnden an seinen elpogenn vnd zeuch do mit zw dir vnd mit der rechten stos obenn von dir vnd spring mit dencken fues fur sein rechtenn vnd würff in aus dem fueß vber sein denncks pain	[53v.3]	[119v.3] Itm~ vß dem vassenn heb in vff den linckenn arm mit diner rechte~ hantt vmb griff ym mit der lincke~ vnder In sein elboge~ vnd zu°ck do mit zu dir vnd mit der rechtenn stos obenn von dir vnd spring mit dinem linckenn fuß hinter sinen rechtenn fuß vnd wurff in vß dem fvß vber dein linckes peÿnn ~		[67v.3] Aber Ains auß dem fassen Item. Heb im auff den lincken arm~ mit deiner rechtñ handt / vnd greiff im mit deiner lincken vndten an sein elpogen / vnd zeuch damit zu dir / vnd spring mit deinem lincken fues hint° sein rechtñ fues / vnd wurff in auß dem fues vber dein lincks pain /	[100v.12] Ein anderß auf den fassen Heb Im auf den lincken arm mit deiner r. handt vmb griff Im mit der lincken hand vnd in sein elenbogen vnd zuck do mit zu dir vnd spring mit deinem l. hinder sein r fuß vnd wirf In auff dein fuß über dein linckes bein	[135r.1] Aber ein ringen, aus dem ersten fassen. Heb im auf den lincken arm mit der rechten hannt, unnd greif im mit der lincken hannt unnden an seinnen elbogen, und zeuch do mit zu dir, Unnd mit dem rechten  stoß ime denn arm oben von dir, unnd spring mit deinnem lincken vueß hinnter seinen rechten, Unnd wurf in// //auß dem fueß yber dein linckhß bain, mit dem elbogen tauch in oben yber,	Item ein anders auß dem fassen. Heb Im auf den lincken arm mit deiner rechten hant vnd greiff Im mit deiner lincken hant vnden an sein elenpogen vnd zuck damit zu dir vnd mit der rechten stos oben von dir vnd spring mit deinem lincken fuß hintter seinen rechten fuß vn̄ würff In über dein linckes pein &c.	[115r.2] Ainn annders fassen. Item ain annders Ausz dem fassen. heb Im auf den Linncken Arm mit deinner rechten hannd. greiff Im mit deinner linncke hand vnnde Inn sein Elennpogen. vnnd zuckh damit zu dir. vnnd mit der Rechten stosz oben vonn dir. vnnd spring mit deinnem Linncken fuosz hinder seinnen rechten fuosz vnnd wirff. In ausz dem fuosz vber dein Linnckes pain	[87v.4] Ein anders fassen. Item heb ime auf den linnggen arm mit deiner rechten hannd, unnd greif ime mit deiner linngg [88r.1] hannd unnden in seinen Elenbogen, unnd zucke damit zu dir, unnd mit der rechten stosse oben von dir unnd sprinng mit deinem linnggen fuß hinndter seinen rechten fuß unnd wirf ime auß dem fuß über dein linngges bain.	[292v.3] Alia species Rursus manu dextra brachium hostis sinistrum sustollas verum sinistram manum inferne cubito eius iniicias, atque eo modo versum te attrahas, dextra autem superne propellito, inde si sinistrum pedem prosiliendo hostis dextro postposueris, per eundem eum prosternas.	[104r.5] Alia Speties Rursus manum dextra brachium hostis sinistrum sustollas, Verum sinistram manum infernè cubito eius inijcias, atque eo modo versum* te adtrahas, dextra autem supernè propellito, inde si sinistrum pedem prosiliendo, hostis dextro postposueris, per eundem eum prosternas.	[38v.2] Page:Cgm 3712 038v.jpg
	[7] Another wrestling from the first hold Firmly hold his right arm with your left hand and reach with your left hand to help your right. Hold his arm firmly with both of your hands and turn through alongside his arm to his right side. This is how you defeat him from the back. Alternatively, you can turn through to your left side.	[7]	[110r.2] Halt Im vest mit der rechtñ hant vnd greyff Im da mit sey~ tencke hant d vnd greiff mit der tenckñ hant dein° rechtenn czu hilff vnd halt vest mit peydñ hentñ vnd wendt dich durch seine~ arm auff dein rechtew seyten so gewinst du Im den ruck an	[101r.4] Aber ein ringen aus dem ersten vassen [101v.1] Item halt in fest mit der lincken hant sein rechte vnd greif mit der lincken hant dein° rechten zu° hilf vnd halt sein arm~ fest mit paiden henden vnd wendt dich durch sein arm~ auf sein rechte seitten so gewingstu Im den ruck an oder wendt dich durch auf dein lincke seitten ~	[86r.3] Item aber eins ausß dem erstenn fassen Halt In vest mit deiner rechten hant sein lincke vnd greif mit deiner lincken hant deiner rechten zuhilff vnd halt vest mit [86v.1] beden henden Vnd wende dich durch seinen arm auf dein rechte seitten So gewÿnnestu Im den ruck an.	[123r.5] mer ein ringenn aus dem erstenn vassenn halt in vast mit der rechtenn hand sein dencke vnd greyff mit der tencken der rechtn zw hilf vnd halt vest mit paidn henndenn vnd went dich durch sein arm auf sein rechte seyten so prichst dw Im arm vnd gewinngst im denn ruck ann	[53v.4] [54r.1]	[119v.4] Itm~ vß dem vassenn halt yn vest mit diner rechtenn hantt sine lincke vnd griff mitt diner lincke hant diner rechtenn zu hilff vnd [120r.1] halt vest mit beÿdenn hendenn vnd wende dich durch seynn arm vß diner rechte~ sittenn So gewinstu ym den m ruckenn an ~		[67v.4] Aber aus dem ersten fassen ains Item Halt im vest mit der lincken handt sein rechte handt vnd greiff mit der lincken handt deiner rechtñ handt zu hilff vnd halt vest mit paiden henden / vnd wend dich dürch sein arm~ auff dein rechte seyttñ / so gewnistu im den rück an /	[100v.13] Aber einß auß dem fassen Halt Im ffest mit deiner r. hand sein lincke hand vnd mit deiner lincke hand deyner rechten zu hilff vnd halt vest mit beyden handen vnd wende dich durch sein arm auß deiner rechten seyten So gewinestu In dem rucken ann	[133r.1] auß dem erstn fasn ein Durchwennten. Fast im fest sein rechtn arm mit deinr linckn, und kumb der linckhen mit deinr rechtn zu hilf, Und halt sein arm fest mit bedn henden, Und wennt dich durch sein arm auf sein recht seitn, so gewinst im den ruckhen an, wie hier gemalt oder Wennt dich durch auf dein lincke seitn,	Item aber eins ausß dem erstenn fassen Halt In vest mit deiner rechten hant sein lincke vnd greif mit deiner lincken hant deiner rechten zu hilff und halt In [!] vest mit beden henden vnd wende dich durch feinen arm auf dein rechte seitte So gewynnestu Im den ruck an.	[115v.1] Ainn annders fassen Item aber ains ausz dem Ersten. fassen halt Inn feest mit deinner Rechten hannd. sein linncke vnnd greiff mit deinner linncken hannd deinner rechten zu hilff. vnnd hallt feest mit baiden hennden vnnd wennd dich durch seinn Arm auf dein rechte seitten. so gewinnstu Im den ruckh ab.	[88r.2] Ein annders fassen. Item hallt ime fesst mit deiner rechten hannd sein linngge, unnd greif mit deiner linnggen hannd deiner rechten zuhilf, unnd hallt fesst mit beden henden unnd wende dich durch seinen arm, auf dein rechte seitten, so genemmstu ime den ruggen ab.	[293r.1] Alia Effigies Alius ex prima correptione habitus: dextra manu ipsius adversarii sinistram fortiter teneas, tum vero sinsitram dextrae opem laturus adiungas, itaque firmissime manu utraque teneas. Inde, si sub brachio ipsius te in latus dextrum tuum converteris, partes potiores obtinebis.	[104r.6] Alia effigies. Alius ex prima correptione habitus: dextra manu ipsius adversarij sinistram fortiter tenas, tum vero sinistram, dextrae opere laturus adiungas, itaque firmissime, manu utraque tenas, inde si sub brachio ipsius te in latus dextrum tuum converteris, partes potiores obtinebis.	[38v.3] Page:Cgm 3712 038v.jpg
	[8] This is how you counter the turning through When he turns through at your side, turn through yourself and use whichever wrestling you see fit.	[8]	[110r.3] Also prich das vor geschribenn Stuck Wer dir durch get gee mit durch vnd val In ain ringenn In welcheß du wilt	[101v.3] Also prich das durch wenden Item wer dir durch geht do ge mit durch vnd fall in ein ringen In welches du wild ~	[86v.2] Bruch Item wer dir durch gee dem gee mit durch vnd vall In ein ringen In welches du wilt.	[123r.6] Also prich das wer dir durch get da ge mit durch vnd fall in welches ringenn dw wild	[54r.2]	[120r.2] Ein bruch Itm~ Wer dir durch geth / dem ge mit durch vnd val in ein ringen In welches du willtt		[67v.5] Also prich das Wer dir durch geet da gee mit durch / vnd fall in ain ringñ in welchs du wilst	[100v.14] Ein bruch dor(?) wider Item wer dir durch gett dem gee mit durch vnd in ein ringen vnd wechsel es welches du wilt	[134r.1] Also prich daß durchwenten [W]er dir durch get da gee mit durch unnd fal in ein ringenn welicheß du wilt	Bruch. wer dir durch gee dem gee mit durch vnd vall In ein ringe In welches du wilt.	[115v.2] Bruch Item wer dir durchgeet. dem gee mit Durch vnnd fall Inn ain rinngen Inn welches du wilt.	[88r.3] Bruch. Item Wer dir durch geet, dem gee mit durch unnd fall in ein rinngen in wölches du willt.	[293r.2] Destructio Si quis habitu superiori contra te utatur, tu eodem vicissim utitor et post speciem luctandi eligas, quaecunque placuerit.	[104r.7] Destructio. Si quis habitu superiori contra te utatur, tu eodem vicissim utitor, et pòst spetiem luctandi eligas, quaecumque placuerit.	[38v.4] Page:Cgm 3712 038v.jpg
	[9]	[9]	[110r.4] Halt Im vast mit paydñ hentñ sein tencke hant vnd went dich durch sein arm auff dein tencke seytñ		[86v.3] Item halt In vest mit beden henden sein lincke vnd wend dich durch sein arm auf dein lincke seitten.			[120r.3] Itm~ Halt in vest mit bedenn hendenn sin lincke hãtt vnd wend dich durch sin arm uff din lincke site~		[67v.6] Aber ain stuck [68r.1] Item halt Im vest mit paidñ hendtñ sein lincke handt vnd wend dich durch sein arm~ auff dein lincke seyttñ	[100v.15] Ein anderß Item halt Im vest mit beyden henden sein lincke hand vnd wende dich durch sein arm auf dein lincken seytten vnd wirff Im		Item halt In vast mit beden henden sein lincke vnd wend dich durch sein arm auf dein lincke seitten.	[115v.3] Ainn andrer pruch Item halt In feest mit baiden hennden. sein lincke vnd wennd dich durch seinn Arm auf dein linncken seiten. so prichstu Im seinn furnemen. Magst Im auch Im werffen sein arm prechen.	[88r.4] Ein annderer Bruch. Item hallt ime fesst mit beden hennden, sein linngge unnd wennde dich durch seinen arm auf dein lingge seitten, So brichstu ime sein fürnarmmen, magst ime auch innm werffen, seinen arm brechen.	[293r.3] Alius destructionis habitus Manu tua utraque firmissime, quantum poteris, ipsius adversarii sinistram contineas, atque te sub brachio sinistrorsum convertas, et ea ratione propositum eius conturbatis, insuper etiam brachium ipsius in praecipitatione poteris disrumpere.	[104r.8] Alius destructionis habitus. Manu tua utraque firmissimè quantum poteris, ipsius adversarij sinistram contineas, atque te sub brachio sinistrorsum convertas, et ea ratione propositum eius conturbabis, in super etiam brachium ipsius in praecipitatione poteris disrumpere.	[38v.5] Page:Cgm 3712 038v.jpg
	[10] Another Hold his left arm firmly with both of your hands and turn through alongside his arm to his left side. Load his left arm on your right shoulder and forcefully pull it down.	[10]	[110r.5] Halt Im sein tencke hant vest mit den paydenn henttñ vñ went dich durch sey~ tenckñ arm auff dein tencke seÿtem [!] vnd zeuch Im den arm vber dey~ rechtew achsell vnd ruck vntter sich	[101v.2] Ein anders Item hald im sein lincke hant fest mit paiden henden vnd wendt dich durch sein arm~ auf sein lincke seitten vnd zeuch Im den lincken arm~ vber dein rechte achsel vnd prich vndersich ~	[86v.4] Also brich das. Item halt Im sein lincke hant vest mit deinen baiden henden vnd wend dich durch sein arm auf dein lincke seitten vnd zuck Im den lincken arm über dein rechte achselnn vnd ruck vnttersich.	[123r.7] Ein arm pruch Halt dein swert [!] in deiner tenncken hand vest mit paiden hennden vnd went Im sein arm auf sein tencke seytenn vnd zeuch Im den tenckenn arm vber sein rechte achsel vnd ruck vndersich	[54r.3]	[120r.4] Also prich daß Itm~ halt im sin lincke hantt vest mit beden hende~ vnd wendt dich durch sin arm vff din lincke site~ vnd zuck Im den lincken arm vber din rechte achsell vnd ruck vndersich ~		[68r.2] Also prich das Item halt Im sein lincke fest mit deine~ paidñ hendñ vnd wendt dich durch sein arm~ auff sein lincke seyttñ / vnd zeuch Im den lincken arm~ vber dein rechte achsel vnd ruck vnder sich /	[100v.16] Also brich das Item halt Im sein lincke hand fest mit deynen beyden henden vnd wend dich durch sein arm vnd zuck Im den lincken arm vber dein recht achsel	[133v.1] Ain anderß [H]alt im sein lincke hant vest mit bayden hendenn unnd wend dich durch sein arm auff sein linck seitenn unnd zeuch im den linckenn yber dain rechte achsel unnd prich unntersich	Also brich das. halt Im sein lincke hant vest mit deinen baidē henden vnd wend dich durch sein arm auf dein lincke seitten vnd zuck Im den lincken arm über dein rechte achseln vnd ruck übersich.	[116r.1] Also prich das Item halt Im seinn Linncken hannd Veest mit deinnen baiden hennden. vnnd wennd dich durch sein arm auf dein linncken seiten vnnd zuckh Im den linncken arm yber dein Rechten Ahslen. vnnd ruckh vnndersich.	[88v.1] Allso brich das. Item hallt ime sein linngee hannd fesst mit deinen beden hennden unnd wennde dich durch seinen arm auf deinr linnge seitten, unnd zuck ime den linnggen arm über deinr rechte achsell, unnd ruck vindter sich.	[293v.1] Antecedentem item habitum hac ratione destruas Sinistram adversarii manum utrisque tuis manibus firmiter teneas, atque inde sub brachio eius sinistrorsum te convertas. Post si brachium postis sinistrum per humerum dextrum pertraxeris supprimas et potiores partes obtinebis.	[104r.9] Antecedentem item habitum hac ratione destruas. Sinistram adversarij manum utrisque tuis manibus firmiter teneas, atque inde sub brachio eius sinistrorsum te convertas, pòst si brachium hostis sinistrum per humerum dextrum pertraxeris, supprimas, et potiores partes obtinebis.	[38v.6] Page:Cgm 3712 038v.jpg
	[11] Another wrestling If someone grabs you by the arms and you do the same but he holds you loosely, thrust his left arm downwards with your right arm, grab his left leg by the bending of the knee and pull it towards yourself. With your left arm strike to the left side of his chest, so that he must fall.	[11]	[111r.4] Wann dich einer geuast hat pey den arme~ vnd thu In wider vnd helt er dich// laß// so slag Im seine~ tenckenn arm auß mit dein° rechtñ hant vnd obenn nyder vnd pegreiff Im da mit sey~ tencks pain in der knÿepug vnd zeuch czu dir vnd mit d° tencke hant stoß In vorn an dye prust an sein° tencken seÿ seytenn so mueß er vallñ	[103r.3] Aber ein ringen Item wenn dich ein° gefast hat peÿ den armen vnd du In wider Helt er dich denn loß So slach ÿm sein lincken arm~ aus mit deiner rechtñ hant von oben nÿder vnd begreif im do mit sein lincks pain in der knÿepüg vnd zeuch zu° dir vnd mit der lincken hant stos In vorñ an die prüst an seiner lincken seitten so mües er vallen ~	[89r.2] Aber ein Ringen Item wann dich einer gefast hat pej den armen vnd du In wider Helt er dich dann lose, so slag Im sein lincken arm auß mit deiner rechten hant von oben nider vnd begreif Im damit sein linckes pein In der kniepiegung vnd zuck zu dir Vnd mit der lincken hant stos In vorn an die prust an seiner lincken seitten So muß er vallen	[123v.3] wenn dich ainer geuast hat bey dem arm vnd dw in wider vnd helt er dich lose so slach im den tenckenn arm aus mit deiner rechtenn hanndt von obenn nyder vnd begreyff im do mit sein tenncks pain In der chnyepug vnd zeuch zw dir vnd mit der tenncken stos in vorn an die prust an seiner tencken seytenn so mues er vallenn	[55r.3]	[120r.5] Itm~ wen dich einer gefassett hat by dem arm vnd du in wider / helt er dan dich loß so schlag im sin lincken arm vß mit diner rechte~ hantt von oben nider vnd begriff ym do mitt sin lincks peÿn in der kneübüg vnd zuck zu° dir vnd mit der linckenn hantt stos in vorn an dÿ bruest an sinenn linckenn so müß er vallenn ~		[69r.3] Aber ain ringen Item Wen dich ainer gefast hat peÿ den arm~ / vnd du in wider / vnd halt er dich loß / so schlag im sein lincken auß mit deiner rechtñ handt von oben nÿder vnd begreiff im damit seins lincks pain in der knÿe pueg vnd zeuch zu dir / vnd mit der lincken handt stos in vorñ an die prust an seiner linckñ seyttñ so muß er fallñ /	[100v.17] Ein anders Item wann dich einer gefasset hatt bey deym arm vnd an In wider hellt er dich dan also so schlach Im den lincken arm auß mit deyner rechten hand von oben nider vnd begriff im do mit sein linckes bein in der knübug vnd zuck zů dir vnd mit l. hand stoß Im vorn an sein brust an sein lincken muß er fallen	[137v.1] aber ein ringen Wenn dich einer gefast hat pey denn armen und du in wider helt er dich denn loß so schlach im seinenn linckn arm auß mit dainer rechten hant von oben nider und begreif im da mit sein linckß pain in der kniepug und zeruch zu dir und mit der lingkenn hant stoß in fornen an die prust an seiner lingken seitn so muß er fallen	Aber ein Ringen. Item wann dich einer gefast hat mit payden armen vnd du In widr Helt er dich laß, so slag Im sein lincken arm auß mit deiner rechten hant von oben nider vnd begreif Im damit sein linckes pein In der kniepiegung vnd zuck zu dir vnd mit der lincken hant stos In vorn an die prust an seiner lincken seitten So muß er vallen.	[118r.2] Aber ainn Rinngen Item wann dich ainner Gefasst hat bey den armen. vnnd du Inn wider. heelt er dich dann lose. so schlag Im seinn Linncken Arm ausz mit deinner Rechten hand von oben nider. vnnd begreiff Im damit seinn linnken Arm. ausz mit deinner rechten hannd. von oben nider. vnnd begreiff Im damit sein linnckes pain Inn der kniepuge vnnd zuckh zu dir. vnd mit der linncken hannd stosz In vornen ann die prust an seiner linncken seitten. so muosz Er fallen.	[90r.2] Aber ain Rinngen. Item wann dich ainer gefasset hab, bej den Armen, vnnd du ime wider, hellt er dich dann loß, so schlage ime seinen linnggen arm auß mit deiner rechten hannd, von oben nider, vnnd begreif ime damit seinen linngen arm auß, mit deiner rechten hannd, von oben nider, vnnd begreif ime damit sein linngges Bain, in der kniebüge, vnnd zucke zu dir, vnnd mit der linnggen hannd stosse ime vornen an die brust, an seiner linnggen seitten, so muß er fallen.	[295r.2] Aliud luctae genus Quum quispiam brachia tua corripuerit atque tu ipsius vicissim et si is leviter te contineat, tum brachium ipsius sinistrum manu tua dextra super excutito deorsum demittendo, atque inde manu dextra poplitem medis sinistri hostilis corripito externe atque attrahas, sinistra deinde manu si pectus de latere sinistro concusseris, hostis concidere cogetur.	[104v.3] Aliud Luctae genus. Quum quispiam brachia tua corripuerit, atque tu ipsius vicissim, et si is leviter te contineat, tum brachium ipsius sinistrum manu tua dextra supernè excutito, deorsum demittendo, atque inde manu dextra poplitem pedis sinistri hostilis corripito externè, atque adtrahas, sinistra deinde manu si pectus de latere sinistro concusseris, hostis concidere cogetur.	[40r.2] Page:Cgm 3712 040r.jpg
	[12] This is how you counter it When someone grabs you with his left hand by your chest from the front, grab his left arm with your left hand, and break his balance with your right hand by grabbing his elbow.	[12]	[111r.5] Also prich das Wann dir einer var greifft an dy prust mit seiner tenckñ [111v.1] hant So begreiff Im sein tencke hant mit deiner tencken vnd reyt Im vmb vnd mit deiner rechtñ hant ny~ Im das gewicht pey dem tenckenn elpogñ	[103r.4] Also prich das Merck wenn dir einer greift mit der lincken hant vorñ an dein prust so begreif ym sein lincke hant mit deiner lincken vnd nÿm Im das gewicht peÿ dem elpogen mit der rechten	[89r.3] Also brich das Item wenn dir einer greifft vorn [89v.1] an die prust mit seiner lincken hant So begreiff Im sein lincke hant mit deiner lincken vnd reibe vmb vnd mit deiner rechten hant nÿm Im das gewicht pej dem lincken elenpogen.	[123v.4] also pruch das wenn dir ainer greyfft vorn an die prust mit seiner tennckenn hannd so begreyff Im sein tenncke hannd mit seiner dencken vnd mit deiner rechtenn hand nym im das gewicht bey dem tencken elpogenn	[55r.4]	[120r.6] Also prich daß Itm~ Wen dir eyner griff vorn an din bru°st mit siner linckenn hantt So begriff ym syn lincke [120v.1] hant mit diner linckenn vnd reÿb vmb vnd mit diner rechte~ hantt nym ym dz gewÿchtt by dem linckenn elbogenn ~		[69r.4] Der prüch da wider Item / Wen dir ainer greifft vorñ an die prust mit seiner lincken hant / so begreiff im sein lincke hant mit deiner lincken vnd reib vmb vnd mit deiner rechtñ hant nÿm das gewicht peÿ dem lincken elpogñ	[100v.18] Also brauch das Wen dir einer grifft var an die brust mit seiner l. hand so begriff Im sein lincke hand mit deiner l. hand vnd reyb vmb vnd mit deiner rechten hand nim das gewicht bey dem lincken ellenbogen	[138r.1] also prich das Mergk wann dir ainer greift mit der lingken hant vornen an die prust so begreif im sein lingke hand mit deiner lingken und nim im daß gwicht bey den elenbogen mit der rechtenn	Also brich das. Item wenn dir einer greifft vorn an die prust mit seiner lincken hant So begreiff Im sein lincke hant mit deiner lincken vnd reibe vmb vnd mit deiner rechte hant nym Im das gewicht pej dem lincken elenpogen.	[118v.1] Allso prich das Item wann dir ainner Greyfft. vornen ann die Prust. mit seinner linncken hand. so begreyff Im seinn linncken hannd mit deinner linncken vnnd treyb vmb vnd mit deinner Rechten hannd Nimb das. gewicht bey dem linncken ~ Elnpogen.	[90r.3] Allso brich das. Item wann dir ainer greifft vornen an die brust, mit seiner linnggen hannd, so begreif ime sein lingge hannd, mit deiner linnggen, vnd treib vmb, vnnd mit deiner rechten hannd nimme das gewicht bej dem linnggen elenbogen.	[295r.3] Destructio antecedentis Si quis pectus tuum manu sinsitra anterius adprehenderit tu manum adversarii laeva itidem tua corripito atque inde circumflectas eam dextra autem ei pondus auferas, id est cubitum laevum pro viribus sursum propellas.	[104v.4] Destructio antecedentis. Si qu~is pectus tuum manu sinistra anterius adpraehenderit, tu manum adversarij, laeva itidem tua corripito, atque inde circumflectas eam, dextra autem ei pondus auferas, id est cubitum laevum pro viribus sursum propellas.	[40r.3] Page:Cgm 3712 040r.jpg
	[13] [Another wrestling] Or thrust his left elbow straight up with your right arm and turn him away from you.	[13]	[111v.2] Ain anders ringenn Oder stoß Im mit deiner rechtñ hant seine~ tencken ellpogñ vber sich vnd wendt in also von dir	[103r.5] Oder stos Im mit dein° rechten hant seinen lincken elpogen slecht vber sich aus vñ wendt In also von dir ~	[89v.2] Item oder stos In mit deiner rechten hant seinen lincken elenpogen übersich vnd wend In also von dir etc.	[123v.5] oder stos Im mit deiner rechtenn hannd denn tennckenn elpogen vbersich vnnd wennt in also vonn dier	[55r.5]	[120v.2] Item oder stos yn mit dyner rechten hant sinen linckenn elbogenn vbersich vnd wendt ÿn also von dir ~		[69r.5] Itm~ Oder stos Im mit deiner rechtñ hant seine~ lincken elpogñ vber sich / vnd wend in also von dir	[100v.19] oder stoß Im mit deiner rechten hand sein lincken ellenbogen übersich vnd wend Im also von dir etc	[138r.2] Oder stoß im mit dainer rechtenn hant seinen lingken elenbogen schlecht ubersich auß und went in also von dir	Item oder stos mit deiner rechtē hant seinen lincken elenpogen über sich vnd wend In also von dir &c.	[118v.2] Oder stosz In mit deinner Rechten hannd. seinnen. Linncken Elennpogen ybersich vnnd wennd In also von ~ Dir.	[90v.1] Oder stosse ime, mit deiner rechten hannd, seinen linnggen elenbogen übersich, unnd wennd ine allso von dir.	[295v.1] Vel si mavis, dextra manu sursum pellas cubitum hostilem sinistrum, atque ipsum adversarium abigas.	[104v.5] Vel si mav~is, dextra manu sursum pellas cubitum hostilem sinistrum, atque ipsum adversarium abigas.	[40r.4] Page:Cgm 3712 040r.jpg
	[14] Remember this technique well as it breaks all wrestling derived from the first teaching described above When someone grabs your left arm with his right hand and seeks to grab your elbow from below with his left hand to twist your arm or if he tries to help his right hand with his other arm and turn through alongside the arm, pay attention: if he is strengthening his right arm with his left or if he wants to grab your elbow with it, move your right arm to his right side above his left arm, grab him around the body, spring with your right leg behind his left leg and throw him over your right thigh.	[14]	[110r.6] Ain ander stuck Wenn dir ayner hat gefast sein tencke hant mit seiner rechtñ hant vnd wil mit seiner tencken hãt vndenn durch greiffñ an deine~ elbogñ vnd wil dir den verruckñ oder wil sein° rechtew hant czu hilff kome~ vnd sich durch den arm [110v.1] wendenn dÿ weil er mit der tenckenn hant der rechtñ czu hilff greifft oder nach dem elbogñ In dem selbenn so vor im mit deinem rechtenn arm obñ vber sein tenckenn in sein rechtew seytenn vnd vaß in In der wuest vnd spring mit dem rechtenn fueß hinter seine~ tenckñ fuß vnd wuff [!] In auß dem fuß vber dein rechcz pain etc	[101v.4] Merck das stuck pricht alle ringen die von ersten an geschriben sten Item wenn dir ein° hat gefast dein lincke hant mit seiner rechten vnd wil mit sein° lincken vnden durch greiffen an deinen elpogen vnd wil dir den vorrencken oder wil seiner rechten hant zu° hilff chu~men vnd sich durch den arm~ wenden So merck die weil er mit der lincken der rechten zu° hilff greifft oder do mit nach dem elpogen greift in dem selben so var Im mit deine~ rechten arm~ vber sein lincken in sein rechte seitten vnd faß in In der wüst vnd spring mit dem rechten fuess hinder sein lincken vnd würff [102r.1] In aus dem fuess vber dein rechtz pain ~	[87r.1] Item Wann dir einer hat geuast dein lincke hant mit seiner rechten vnd will mit seiner lincken hant vntten durchfarn an deinem elenpogen vnd will dir den verrencken oder wil seiner rechten hant zuhilff kommen vnd sich durch den wenden die weil er mit der lincken der rechten zuhilff greiffet oder nach dem elenpogen In dem selben so far Im mit deinem rechten arm oben über sein lincken In sein rechte seitten vnd faß In In der wüst vnd spring mit deinem rechten fuß hintter sein lincken fuß vnd würff In auß dem lincken fuß über dein rechtes pein etc.	[123r.8] Ein pruch wider die erstenn stuckh wenn dir ainer hat geuast dein tencke hannt mit seiner rechtenn vnd wil mit seiner tenncken vnden durch greyffenn an dein elpogen vnd wil dir denn ver rencken oder wil seiner rechtenn hand zw hilf chumenn vnd sich durch durch [!] denn arm wennden die weyl er mit dem rechtenn der tennckenn ze hilf greyff oder nach dem elpogenn In dem selbenn far im mit deinem rechtenn arm oben vber sein tennckenn vnnd vaß in In der wüest vnd spring mit deinem rechtenn fueß hinder seinenn tennckenn vnd würff in aus dem fueß vber dein rechtz pain	[54r.4]	[120v.3] Itm~ wan dir eÿner hat gefast din lincke hantt mitt siner rechtenn vnd will mit siner lincken hantt vnden durch griffenn an dinen elbogenn vnd will den verrenckenn oder will siner rechte~ zu hilff kümenn vnd sich durch dy wenden die weyll er will mit der lincken der rechten zu hilff griffett oder noch dem elnbogenn In dem selben so var ym mit dynen rechte~ arm oben vber sin lincken in syn rechte sytenn vnd vaß yn by der wuste vnd spring mit dine~ rechte~ fuß hynder synen lincken fuß vnd wurff yn usser dem fuß vber dyn rechtes peyn ~		[68r.3] Ein pruch wider die erstñ Stuck Item Wen dir ainer hat gefast dein lincke handt mit seiner rechtñ / vnd wil mit seiner lincken handt vndtñ durch greiff an deine~ elpogñ / vnd wil dir den verrencken / Oder wil seiner rechtñ handt zu hilff kume~ vnd sich durch den arm~ wendñ / So merck die weil er mit der lincken der rechtñ zu hilff greifft / Oder nach dem elpogñ in dem selbñ / so far im mit deine~ rechtñ arm~ oben vber sein lincke~ in sein rechte seittñ / vnd faß In in der wust / vnd spring mit deine~ rechtñ fues hindter sein lincken fuß / vnd wurff in auß dem fues vber dein rechts pain /		[134r.2] Daß stuck pricht alle ringen die von ersten an geschriben sten [W]ann dir ainer hat gefast dein lingke hannt mit seiner rechtenn unnd will mit seiner lingkhen unnden durch greiffenn arm deinen elenpogen unnd will dir denn verruckenn oder will seiner rechtn hant zu hilf khummenn unnd sich durch den arm wennten, so mergk dieweil er mit der lincken der rechtenn zu hilff greifft oder domit nach dein elnnpogen greifft, im dem selbenn, so far im mit dainem rechten arm behendiglich yber seinen lingkenn in sein rechte seytenn unnd faß in in der wuest Unnd spring mit dem rechtenn fuß hinder seinenn lingkhenn unnd wirff in auß dem vueß yber dain rechtß pain Wiedann hernach gemalt,	Ein anders wann dir einer hat genast dein lincke hant mit seiner recht‾ vnd will mit seiner linken hant vntten durch greiffen an deinem elenpogen vnd will dir den vrrencken oder wil seiner rechten hant zuhilff kom̄en vnd sich durch den winden die weil er mit der lincken der rechten zuhilff greiffet oder nach dem elenpogen In dēselben so far Im mit deinem rechtē arm oben über sein lincken In sein rechte seitten vnd faß In In dr wieste vnd spring mit deinem rechten fuß hintter sein lincken fuß vnd würff In auß dem lincken fuß über dein rechtes pein &c.	[116r.2] Vnden durch Faren. Item wann dir ainner hat fasst dein Linnckhannd. mit seinner Rechten. vnnd will mit seiner linncke hannd vnnden durch faren. an deinnen Elenpogen vnnd will dir den verzenncken. oder seinner rechten hannd. zu hillf kommen. vnnd sich durch den wennden Dieweil er mit der linncken der rechten zu hillf greifft. oder nach dem Elennpogen Inn dem selben so far Im mit deinnem rechten arm. aber vber sein linncke. Inn seinn rechte seitten. vnnd fasz In Innder wust. vnnd spring mit deinnem Rechten fuosz hinnder sein linncken. vnnd wirff In ausz dem Linncken fusz vber dein rechtes pain.	[88v.2] Unndten durchfarn. Item Wann dir ainer hat gefasst, dein linngee hand mit seiner rechten, unnd will mit seiner linngeen hannd unndten durchfarn, an deinen elebogen, unnd will der den verrenncken, oder seiner rechten hand zu hilf kommen, unnd sich durch den wennden, dieweil er mit der linnggen der rechten zu hilf greifft, oder nach deinr elenbogen, In denselben, so fare ime mit deinem rechten arm, aber über seinen linnggen, in seinen rechte seitten, unnd fasse im, in der wüsten unnd sprinng mit deinem rechten fuß hinndter seinen linnggen, unnd wirf ine auß dem linngen fuß über dein rechtes bain.	[293v.2] Ratio transmittendi manum inferne ad cubitium atque eiusdem destructio Quum quispiam manum sinistram tuam corripuerit dextra coneturque inferne sinistram transmittere in cubitum, eumque circumflectere vel cupiat dextrae manui opem ferre, tu igitur dum is dextrae auxiliari molitur sinistra vel cubitum corripere conatur, subito brachium tuum dextrum sinisto hostis brachio superiniicias, laterique dextro adplices nec non firmiter corripito manu eadem costas, post dextrum pedem pedi hostis sinistro postponas atque per dextrum hostem prosternas.	[104r.10] Ratio transmittendi manum inferne ad cu~bitum, atque eiusdem destructio. Quum quispiam manum sinistram tuam corripuerit dextra, coneturque infernè sinstram transmittere in cubitum, eumque circumflectere, vel cupiat dextrae manui oper?e ferre, tu igitur, dum is dextrae auxiliari molitur sinistra, vel cubitum corripere conatur, subito brachium tuum dextrum, sinistro hostis brachio superinijcias, laterique dextro adplices, nec non firmiter corripito manu eadem costas, post dextrum pedem, pedi hostis sinistro postponas, atque per dextrum hostem prosternas.	[39r.1] Page:Cgm 3712 039r.jpg
	[15] Another wrestling When someone grabs your upper arm with strength, holds you firmly and wants to push you, reach with your right hand from the outside over his arm, grab your right arm with your left hand and press his arm strongly onto your chest with both arms.	[15]	[110v.2] Ein Ander Stuck Greyfft dich einer obenn an in den armenn mit sterck vnd helt dich vest vnd wil dich ringñ so vwar mit deine~ rechtñ arm võrn aussen vber seine~ tenckenn arm vorn pain seiner hant vnd pegreiff mit seiner der tenckñ dein rechte vnd druck mit paydenn sein hant vast an dÿ prust	[102r.2] Aber ein Ringen Item greift dich ainer an oben in die arm~ mit sterck vnd helt dich vest vnd wil dich dringen So far mit deinem rechten arm~ aussen vber sein lincken vorñ peÿ seiner hant vnd begreif mit deiner lincken hant dein rechte vnd druch mit paiden henden sein hant fast an dein prust	[87r.2] Item Greifft dir einer oben In die arm mit sterck vnd hat dich vest vnd wil dich dringen So far mit deinem rechten arm aussen über sein lincken arm vorn pej seiner [87v.1] hant vnd begreiff mit der lincken dein rechte vnd druck mit beden sein hant vast an dein prust	[123r.9] Wenn dich ainer an greyft obenn in die arm mit sterck vnnd helt dich vest vnd wil dich dringen so far im mit deinem rechten arm von aussenn vber sein tennckenn vorn bey seiner hand vnd begreyff mit der tencken sein rechte vnd druck mit paidenn henndenn fest ann die prüst	[54r.5]	[120v.4] Item Grifft dich eÿner an oben In die sterck vnd helt dich vast vnd will dich tringe~ So far mit dinem rechte~ arm aussen vber synen lincken arm vorn by syner hantt vnd begriff mit der lincken den rechtenn vnd trück mit beÿdenn synen hendenn vast an dyn bru°st ~		[68r.4] Item / greifft dich ainer an oben in die arm~ mit sterck vnd helt dich vest / vnd wil dich dringñ / So far mit deinem rechtñ arm~ von aussen vber sein lincken arm~ vorñ pey seiner handt / vnd begreiff mit der lincken dein rechte handt / vnd truck mit paidñ sein hant vast an dein prust			Greifft dich einer oben an neben die arm mit sterck vnd helt dich vest vnd wil dich daugen So far mit deinem rechten arm aussen über sein lincken arm pej seiner hant vnd begreiff mit der lincken sein rechte vnd druck mit beden sein henden vast an die brust.	[116v.1] So dir ainner mit Sterckh Inn arm greifft. Item greyft dir ainner oben Inn die arm mit sterckh. vnnd hat dich veest vnnd will dich trinngen. so far mit deinnem rechten arm auszen vber sein linncken arm vornen bey seiner hannd vnnd begreiff mit der linncke dein Rechte vnnd truckh mit baiden hennden seinn hannd fast an dein prust.	[88v.3] So dir ainer mit sterkin arm greifft. Item Greifft dir ainer oben in die Armen, mit sterck, unnd hat dich fesst, und will dich drinngen, So fare [89r.1] mit deinem rechten arm aussen über seinen linnggen arm, vorrnen bei seiner hannd, unnd begreif mit der linnggen dein rechte unnd druck mit bedenn hennden sein hannd fasst an dein brus~t.	[293v.3] Destructio cum quis pro viribus brachium corripiat Si quis superne brachia tua totis viribus corripiat fortiterque [294r.1] teneat, nec non coartare conetur, tum brachium dextrum tuum superiniicias adversarii sinistro externe iuxta ipsius manum sinistra autem dextram tuam corripias, atque post manu utraque ipsius manum firmiter adprimas pectori.	[104r.11] Destructio, cum is quis pro Viribus brachium corripiat. Si quis supernè brachia tua totis viribus corripiat, fortiterque teneat, nec non coartare conetur, tum brachium dextrum tuum superinijcias adversarij sinistro externè iuxta ipsius manum, sinistra autem dextram tuam corripias, atque pòst manu utraque, ipsius manum firmiter adprimas pectori.	[39r.2] Page:Cgm 3712 039r.jpg
	[16] Another If his hand and fingers are open when you have pressed his arm onto your chest, grab his fingers with your left hand, lift his arm above yourself on your left side and with your right hand on his elbow break his balance.	[16]	[110v.3] Streckt er dy vinger an der hant dÿe du Im an dy prust prust [!] druckst so greiff Im dy vinger mit deiner tenckñ hant vnd heb vber sich auf dein tenckñ seytenn vnd mit der rechtñ hendt ny~ Im das gewicht bey dem elbogenn	[102r.4] Ein anders ·M·erck wenn du Im mit deinen paiden henden sein hant vorñ an dein prust druckst helt er denn die hant offen vnd reckt die finger So begreif In peÿ den fingerñ mit dein° lincken hant vnd heb vbersich auf dein lincke seitten vnd mit der rechten hant nÿm Im das gewicht peÿ dem elpogen ~	[87v.2] Item strecket er dir die vinger an der hant die du Im an der prust druckest So greiff Im In die vinger mit deiner lincken hant vnd heb übersich auf dein lincke seitten vnd mit der rechten hant nÿm das gewicht bej dem elenpogen.	[123r.10] wenn er streckt die finger an der hannd die dw im an prust druckst so greyff Im die vinger mit deiner tennckenn hand vnd heb vbersich auf dein tenncke seytenn vnd mit der rechtenn hannd nym im das gewicht bey dem elbogenn	[54r.6] [54v.1]	[121r.1] Item Streck er dir die finger an din hantt die du Im an die brust truckest so griff in dye finger mit diner lincken hantt vnd heb vber sich auff dyn lincke siten vnd mit der rechten hant In daß gewiechtt bÿ dem elnbogenn ~		[68v.1] Itm~ Streckt er die finger an der handt / die du Im an sein prust druckst / So greiff im die finger mit deiner linckñ handt vnd heb vbersich auff dein lincke seÿttñ / vnd mit der rechtñ handt nym im das gewicht peÿ dem elpogen			Bruch. Item strecket er dir die vinger an der hant die du Im an der prust druckest So begreiff die fingr mit deiner lincken hant vnd heb übersich auf dein lincke seitten vnd mit der rechtē hant nym Ime das gewicht bej dē elenpogen.	[116v.2] Auf die finger Zu mercken Item streckt er die finnger ann der hand Die du Im an der prust truckest. so greiff Im Inn die Finnger. mit deiner Linncken hannd. vnnd heb vbersech auf deinn Linncken seiten vnnd mit der Rechten hannd nim das gewicht bey dem Elnpogen.	[89r.2] Auf die Finngerzumercken. Item streckt er der finnger an der hannd, du du an der brust ime druckest, so greif ime in die dinnger mit deiner linnggen hannd vnnd heb über sich auf dein linngge seitten, vnnd mit der rechten hannd nime das gewicht, bei dem elenbogen.	[294r.2] Ratio observandorum digitorum hostis Quum adversarius digitos eius manus quam pectori admovisti porrexerit, tunc eos corripito manu sinistra. Inde, sinistrorsum subleves, atque dextra pondus illi auferas iuxta cubitum, id est, sursum torqueas cubitum.	[104r.12] Ratio observandorum digitorum hostis. Quum adversarius digitos eius manus, quam pectori admovisti, porrexerit, tunc eos corripito manu sinistra, inde sinistrorsum subleves, atque dextra pondus illi auferas iuxta cubitum, id est, sursum torqueas cubitum.	[39r.3] Page:Cgm 3712 039r.jpg
	[17]  If he has his hand on your chest, spring with your right leg behind his left leg, grab him by the knee bend of his left leg with your left hand and lift it up. Use your right arm above to push him away from you so that he will fall.	[17]	[110v.4] Helt er aber dy hant czue an der prust so spring mit dem rechtñ fueß hinter sein tenckñ vnd greiff mit der tencken hant In dye knyepug seines tencken fueß vnd heb da mit auff vnd mit der rechten hant stoß In obm~ võ dir so velt er	[102r.3] Merck hat er dÿ hant zu° an deiner prust so spring mit dem rechten fuess hinder sein lincken vnd greif im mit dein° lincken hant in die knÿepüg seines lincken fuess vnd heb do mit auf vnd mit der rechten hant stos in oben von dir so felt er ~	[87v.3] Item helt er aber die hant zu an deiner prust So spring mit deinem rechten fuß hintter seinen lincken vnd greiff mit deiner lincken in die kniepiegung seins lincken fusses vnd heb damit auf vnd mit der rechten hant stos In oben von dir So vellet er.	[123r.11] Item helt er aber die hannt zu deiner prüst so spring mit dem rechtenn hinder seinen tenncken vnd begreyff mit deiner tencken In die chnyepüg seins tennckenn fueß vnd heb domit auf vnnd mit der rechtenn stoß in oben vonn dir//so felt er	[54v.2]	[121r.2] Itm~ Helt er aber die hant zu an der brust So spring mit dine~ rechte~ fuß hinder synen lincken vnd griff mit dinem lincken in die kneybug synes lincken fuß vnd heb do mit auff vnd mit der rechte~ hant stoß In oben von dir So vellet er ~		[68v.2] Itm~ Helt er aber die handt zu an deiner prust / so spring mit dem rechtñ fues hindter sein lincken / vnd greiff mit deiner lincken handt in die knÿe pug seins linckes fueß vnd heb damit auff / vnd mit der rechtñ handt stos oben von dir so felt er /			Bruch. helt er aber zw die handt zu an deiner prust So spring mit deinē rechten fuß vndr seinen linckē vnd greiff mit deiner linckē In die kniepiegung seins lincken susses und heb damit auf vnd mit der rechten hant stoß In obē von dir So vellet er.	[117r.1] Helt er die hanndzu Der prust Item helt er aber die hannd zu ann Deiner Prust. so sprinng mit deinnem Rechten fuosz hinnder sein Linncken. vnnd greiff mit deinner linncke Inn die Kniepuge seins linncken fus. vnnd heb damit auf. vnnd mit der rechten stosz In oben von dir so fellt er.	[89r.3] So er die hannd zu der brust hellt. Item so sprinng mit deinem rechten fuß hinndter seinen linnggen vnnd greif mit deiner linnggen in die kniebüge seins linnggen fuß, vnnd hebe damit auf, vnnd mit der rechten stosse ime oben von dir, so fellt er.	[294r.3] Sin autem manum iuxta pectus conclusam contineat, tum pedem dextrum resiliendo, adversarii sinistro postponas, post manu sinistra poplitem eius sinistrum adprehendas, et ea ratione si sustuleris dextra vero superne propuleris, adversarius concidet.	[104r.13] Sin autem manum iuxta pectus conclusam contineat, tum pedem dextrum resiliendo, adversarij sinistro postponas, pòst manu sinistra poplitem eius sinistrum adprehendas, et ea ratione si sustuleris, dextra vero supernè propuleris, adversarius concidet.	[39r.4] Page:Cgm 3712 039r.jpg
	[18] Another wrestling If you wish to wrestle with someone and he grips your arm loosely, reach with your left hand over his right arm and grab his fingers or anything else. Lift his arm above you on your left side and break his balance with your right hand on his elbow.	[18]	[110v.5] Helt dich einer laß im den arm wenn du mit Im Ringñ wild so greiff mit der tenckñ hãt obm~ vber sein rechtew vnd begreiff Im sein tencke hant bey dem vinger oder sust vnd heb auff dein tencke seytñ vnd mit der rechtñ hant das gewicht pey seine~ tenckñ elbogñ	[102r.5] Aber ein ringen Wenn du mit eine~ ringen wild helt er dich denn loß in den armen So greiff mit dein° lincken hant oben vber sein rechte vnd begreif sein lincke hant peÿ [102v.1] den fingerñ oder sünst vnd heb auf dein lincken vnd mit der rechten nÿm ÿm das gewicht peÿ seine~ elpogen ~	[88r.1] Aber ein gut ringen Item helt dich einer las In den armen Wenn du mit Im ringen wilt So greif mit deiner lincken hant oben über sein rechte vnd begreiff sein lincke hant pej den vingern oder sunst vnd heb auf dein lincke seitten vnd mit der rechten nym Im das gewicht bej seinem lincken elenpogen etc.	[123r.12] wenn dir ainer laß hab in den armen wenn dw mit im ringen wild so greyff mit deiner tenncken hand obenn vber sein rechte vnd begreyff sein tencke hand bey denn fingern oder sünst vnd heb auf dein tencke seytenn vnd mit der rechtenn nym im das gewicht pey seinem tennckenn elpogenn	[54v.3]	[121r.3] Aber ein gut Ringenn Item helt dich eyner loß im den arm wan du mit ym ringen willtt So griff mit diner lincke~ hantt oben vber syn rechte vnd begriff syn linck hant bÿ den fingern oder sunst vnd heb uff din linke sytenn vnd mit der rechten nÿm ym daß gewyecht bÿ synem lincken elnbogenn ~		[68v.3] Aber ein guet Ringen Item Helt dich ainer los in den armen / wen du mit Im ringen wilst / So greiff mit deiner lincken hant oben vber sein rechte / vnd pegreiff sein lincke hant peÿ den fingern oder sunst / vnd heb auff dein lincke seÿttñ vnd mit der rechtñ nym im das gewicht pey seinem lincken elpogen /		[135v.1] aber ein ringen Wann du mit einem rinngen wilt helt er dich dann loß, in den armen, So greif mit deiner lincken oben yber sein rechte, Und begreif sein linncke hannt bey den fingern, oder sunst, Unnd heb auf deinen lincken arm domit ime sein lincken bey den fingern gefast hast, Unnd mit deiner rechten nimb imß gewicht beym elbogen seinr lincken, wie hie gemalt,	Aber ein gut ringen. Item helt dich einer las Im den arm wenn du mit Im ringen wilt So greif mit deiner lincke hant oben über sein rechte vnd begreiff Im sein lincke hant vnd zeug auf die linckhe seitten pej den vingern oder sunst vnd heb auf dein lincke seitten vnd mit der rechten nym Im das gewicht bej seinem lincken elenpogen &c.	[117r.2] Aber ain gut Rinngen Item helt dich ainner Lasz Inn Den armen. wann du mit Im Rinngen willt. so greiff mit deiner. Linncken hannd oben vber sein rechte. vnnd begreif sein linncke hannd bey den Finngern oder sunnst vnnd heb auf dein linncken seiten. vnnd mit der Rechten. Nim Im das gewicht bey seinnem. Linncken Elnpogen	[89r.4] Aber ain gut Rinngen. Item hellt dich ainer, laß in den Armen, Wann du mit ime Rinngen willt, so greif mit deiner linnggen hannd, oben über sein rechte, vnnd begreif sein linngge hannd bej den finngern, oder sunnst, vnd [89v.1] heb auf dein linngge seitten vnnd mit der rechten nime ime das gewicht, bej seinem elenbogen.	[294r.4] Alius luctae habitus Si quispiam brachia tua molliter contineat, et tu colluctari cu [294v.1] pias tum manum ipsius sinistra iuxta digitos vel alibi corripias. Inde si sinistrorsum sustuleris, dextra pondus ipsi auferas iuxta cubitum sinistrum.	[104r.14] Alius luctae habitus. Si quispiam brachia tua molliter contineat, et tu colluctari cupias, tum manum ipsius sinistra iuxta digitos, vel alibi corripias, inde si sinistrorsum sustuleris, dextra pondus ipsi auferas iuxta cubitum sinistrum.	[39v.1] Page:Cgm 3712 039v.jpg
	[19]	[19]										[135-2] so schwest in unnd wirfst in, so du mit deinem rechtn vueß auf sein recht seitn tritst, hinter sein vueß
	[20] This is how you counter it If he does this to you and reaches with his left hand for your fingers trying to break your balance with his right hand, reach with your right hand under his left arm and around his body. Spring with your right leg in front of his legs and throw him over your right hip.	[20]	[111r.1] Alßo prich das wer dir das thut vnd mit der tenckñ hant nach dem ving° greifft vnd wil dir mit der rechtenn das gewicht neme~ pey dem elboge~ dem var mit deiner rechtñ hant vnder seine~ tenckenn arm in dye wuegst vnd spring mit dein rechten fueß vor sein payd fueß vnd würff In alßo	[102v.2] Also prich das Wer dir das tu°t vnd dir mit der lincken hant nach den fingerñ greift vnd wil dir mit der rechten das gewicht neme~ dem far mit dein° rechten hant vnder seinem lincken arm~ vmb den leip vnd spring mit dem rechten fuess für sein pede fuess vnd würf In also vber dein rechte hüf ~	[88r.2] Also brich das Item wer dir das tut vnd dir mit der lincken hant nach den vingern greifft vnd wil dir mit der rechten das gewicht nemen bej dem elenpogen Denn so far mit deiner rechten hant vntter seinen lincken arm In die wüst vnd spring mit deinem rechten fusß für vnd würff In also.	[123r.13] Wer dir das tät vnd dir mit der tencken hannd zw denn fingern greyft vnd wil dir mit der rechtn das gewicht nemen bey dem elpogenn dem far mit deiner rechtn hannd vnder seiner denckenn arm In die wüest vnd spring mit dem rechten fues fur sein paid fueß vnd wurff in also	[54v.4]	[121r.4] Also prich daß Item Wer dir daß thu°tt vnd dir mir der lincke~ hant noch din fingern grifft vnd will dir mit der rechten dz gewiecht nemen bÿ dem elnbogenn dem var mit dÿner rechten hant vnder synenn lincken arm in die wueste vnd [121v.1] spring mit dinem Rechtenn fuß fur vnd wurff in also ~		[68v.4] Also prich das Wer dir das thut / vnd dir mit der linckñ hant nach den fingerñ greift / vnd wil dir mit der rechtñ das gewicht nemen peÿ dem elpogñ / dem far mit deiner rechtñ hant vndter seinen lincken arm~ in die wust vnd spring mit dem rechtñ fues fur sein pede fues vnd wurff in also		[136r.1] Greift dir einr nach deiner lincken mit seinr lincken hannt. Und will dir mit seinr rechten daß gewicht peym elbogen das ist des grosten Vor geenden Stugs bruch Wer dir daß thut wie hiervor negstgemalt, unnd dir also nach den fingern greift, Unnd mit der rechtn daß gewicht nemen will, dem far mit deiner rechtn hannt unnter seinem lincken arm umb denn leib, Unnd spring mit dem rechten vueß fur sein bede fueß, Unnd wirf in also yber dein rechte huf, Wie hie gemalt ist	Also brich das. Item wer dir das tut mit der lincken haut nach dē fingr greifft vnd wil dir mit der rechten das gewicht nemen bej dem elenpogenn dem var mit deiner rechten hant vntter seinē lincken arm In die wuest vnd spring mit deinem rechten fusß für vnd würff In also.	[117v.1] Also prich das Item wer dir das thut Vnnd dir mit der Linncken hannd nach den Finngern greifft. vnnd will dir mit der rechten das gewicht nemmen bey dem Elenpogen. dann so far mit deinner Rechten hannd vnnder seinnen linncken Arm Inn die wust vnnd sprinng mit deinnem Rechten fuosz fur. vnnd wirff In also.	[89v.2] Allso brich das. Item wer dir das thut, unnd dir mit der linngg hannd nach den finngern greifft, vnnd will dir mit der rechten das gewicht nemen bej dem elenbog, dann so fare mit deiner rechten hannd vindter seinn linnggen arm, im die wüesten, vnnd sprinnge mit deinnem rechten fuß für, vnnd wirf ime also.	[294v.2] Antecedentis destructio Cum aliquis praedictum habitum contra te exerceat, sinistra manu digitos tuos corripere conabitur, atque dextra cubitum sursum retorquere studeat, tum dextram manum sub brachio ipsius sinistro costis iniicias. Inde si dextro pede prosilueris hostem alacriter prosternas.	[104r.15] Antecedentis destructio. Cum aliquis predictum habitum contra te exerceat, sinistra manu digitos tuos corripere conabitur, atque dextra cubitum sursum retorquere studeat, tum dextram manum sub brachio ipsius sinistro costis inijcias, inde si dextro pede prosilueris, hostem alacriter prosternas.	[39v.2] Page:Cgm 3712 039v.jpg
	[21] Or counter like this If he has grabbed your left arm with his left hand and he intends to break your balance with his right hand, duck and set your left elbow on his waist. Spring with your left leg behind his right leg, grab his right leg by the bending of the knee with your right arm and pull it towards you. Push him away from you above with your left arm so that he falls.	[21]	[111r.2] Wenn er dir mit der Tenckenn hant dein tencke begriffenn hat vnd wil dir mit der rechtñ das gewicht neme~ pey dein tenckñ elbogenn so senck dich nyder vnd var Im mit dem tenckñ elbogenn in dÿ wuegst vnd spring mit dem tenckñ füß hinder sein rechten vnd begreiff Im sein rechtñ fuß mit deiner rechten hant in der knyepug vnd zeuch da mit czu dir vnd mit der tenckenn stoß obm~ võ dir so velt er	[102v.3] Oder prich es also Wenn er dir mit der lincken hant dein lincke begriffen hat vnd wil dir mit der rechten das gewicht nemen So senck dich nÿder vnd var Im mit dem lincken elpogen in die wüst vnd spring mit dem lincken fuess hinder sein rechten vnd begreif ÿm sein rechten fues mit der rechten hant in der knÿepüg vnd zeuch do mit zu° dir vnd mit der lincken stos in oben von dir so felt er ~	[88v.1] Item ein pesser pruch Wann er dir mit der lincken hant dein lincke begriffen hat vnd wil dir mit der rechten das gewicht nemen pej dem lincken elenpogen So sencke dich nider vnd far Im mit dem lincken elenpogen In die wüst vnd spring mit dem lincken fuß hintter sein rechten Vnd begreiff Im sein rechten fuß mit deiner rechten hant In der kniepiegung vnd zuck damit zu dir Vnd mit der lincken hant stoß In oben von dir So velt er.	[123r.14] Ein pesser pruch wenn er dir mit der tenncken hand dein tenncke begriffenn hat vnnd wil dir mit der gerechtenn das gewicht nemenn [123v.1] Bey dem tenncken elpogenn so wenck dich nyder vnd far mit dem tenncken elpogenn In die wüest vnnd spring mit dennckenn fueß hinder seinenn rechten fueß mit deiner hannd In der chnyepug vnd zeuch do mit zw dir vnd mit der tenncken stöß yn obenn vonn dir So velt er	[54v.5] [55r.1]	[121v.2] Item Ein besser bruch wan er dir mit der lincken hantt dyn lincke begriffenn hatt vnd will dir mit dem rechtenn daß gewiechtt nemen by dem linckenn elnbogen so senck dich neder vnd far Im mit dem linckenn elnbogenn in die wueste vnd Spring mit dem lincken fus hinder synenn Rechten vnd begriff Im syne~ rechtenn fuß mit diner rechte~ hant In den kneybu°g vnd zuck do mitt zu dir vnd mit der linckenn hant stos In obenn von dir so velt er ~		[68v.5] Ein ander pesser prüch Item Wen er dir mit der lincken dein lincke begriffñ hat / vnd wil dir mit der rechtñ das gewicht nemen peÿ deinem lincken elpogñ / So senck dich nÿder / vnd [69r.1] mit dem lincken elpogñ in die wust / vnd spring mit dem lincken fues hinter sein rechtñ / vnd begreif Im sein rechtñ fues / mit deiner rechtñ handt in der knyepüg vnd zeuch da mit zu dir / vnd mit der linckñ stoß in oben von dir so fellt er /		[136v.1] Aber einß so er mit seinr lincken dir dein linck hannt beg: ~ Wenn er dir mit der linnckhen hannt dein linckhe begrifen hat unnd will dir mit der rechtn daß gewicht nemenn, So sennckh dich nider unnd far im mit dein lincken elbogen in in sein wuest, Unnd spring mit dem linckhen fueß, hinter sein rechten Unnd begreif im sein rechten fueß mit der rechtn hannt, in der khniepug, Unnd zeuch domit zu dir, und mit der linncken stoß in oben von dir, so felt er,	Wann er dir mit der lincken hant dein lincke begreiffe hadt und wil mit der rechten dir das gewicht nemen pej dem lincken elenpogen So sencke dich nider vnd far Im mit dem lincken elenpogen In die wüst vnd spring mit dem lincken fuß hintter sein rechten vnd begreiff Im sein rechten fuß mit deiner rechtē hant Ine dr kniepug vnd zuck damit zu dir vnd mit der lincken hant stoß oben von dir So velt er.	[117v.2] So er dir das gewicht will Nemmen Item ainn Posserer pruch Wan er dir mit der linncken hannd dein Linncke begriffen hat vnnd will dir mit der rechten das gewicht Nemmen bey dem linncken Elnpogen. so sennckh dich nider. vnnd far Im mit dem. linncken Elenpogen Inn die wust. vnnd sprinng mit dem Linncken fuosz hinnder seinn rechten. vnnd begreiff Im sein Rechten fuosz mit deinner Rechten hannd. Inn der Kniepuge vnnd ruckh dannt zu dir vnnd mit der linncken hannd. stosz In oben von dir so fellt Eer.	[89v.3] So er dir das gewicht will nemen. Item ain pesserer bruch, Wann er dir mit der linnggen hannd dein linngge begriffen hat, vnnd will dir mit der rechten das gewicht nemen bej dem linngen elenbogen, so senncke dich nider, vnnd fare ime mit dem linnggen elebogen in die wüsten, vnnd spring mit dem linnggen fuß, hinndter seinen rechtenn vnnd begreif ime, seinen rechten fuß, mit deiner rechten hannd, im der kniebügen, vnnd rucke damit zudir, vnnd mit der linnggen hannd stoß ime oben von Dir, so fellt er.	[294v.3] Habilior destructio cum is pondus tibi auferre cupiat Si hostis manu sinistra tua itidem sinistram adprehenderit, atque pondus auferre cupiat iuxta cubitum sinistri brachii, tum nonnihil te demittas, atque costis cubitum sinistrum tuum iniicias, post sinistrum pedem, dextro ipsius pedi postponas, et dextrum eius pedem manu item dextra tua corripito in ipso poplite. Inde si ad te attraxeris sinistra autem superne propuleris adversarius concidet.	[104r.16] Habilior destructio, cum is pondus tibi auferre cupiat. Si hostis manu sinistra, tua itidem sinistram adprehenderit, atque pondus auferre cupiat iuxta cubitum sinistri brachij, tum nonnihil te demittas atque costis cubitum sinistrum tuum inijcias, pòst sinistrum pedem, dextro ipsius pedi postponas, et dextram eiu~s pedem, manu item dextra tua [104v.1] corripito in ipso poplite, inde si ad te adtraxeris, sinistra autem supernè propuleris, adversarius concidet.	[39v.3] Page:Cgm 3712 039v.jpg
	[22] Another If someone has grabbed your left arm with his left hand, used his right hand to break your balance and then pushed your left elbow upwards, turn through with your head under it and reach with your right arm to the left side of his body. Spring with your right leg behind his right leg and throw him over your right hip.	[22]	[111r.3] Wann dir einer pegreifft dein tencke hant mit seiner tenckñ vnd ny~pt dir mit der rechtñ das gewicht vnd stost er dir den tenckñ elbogñ hoch auff so went dich mit dem hawpt dar durch vnd vor Im mit dem rechtñ arm in sein tencke wuegst vnd spring mit dem rechtenn fueß hinder sein reichtñ vnd wirff in vber dein rechten huff	[102v.4] Ein anders Merck wenn dir einer begreift dein lincke hant mit seiner lincken vnd nÿmpt dir mit der rechten das gewicht Stöst er dir denn den lincken elpogen hochauf So wendt dich mit dem haubt do durch vnd var Im mit dem rechten arm~ in sein lincke wüst vnd spring mit dem [103r.1] rechten fuess hinder sein rechten vnd würf in vber die recht hüf	[88v.2] Item Wann dir einer begreiff dein lincke hant mit seiner lincken vnd nympt dir mit der rechten das gewicht vnd stöst dir den lincken elenpogen hoch auf vnd wend dich mit dem haubt dar= [89r.1] durch vnd far Im mit dem rechten arm In sein lincke wüsten vnd spring mit deinem rechten fuß hintter seinen rechten vnd würff In über dein rechte hüff.	[123v.2] wenn dir ainer begreyft dein tencke hannd mit seiner dennckenn vnnd nymbt dir mit der gerechten das geswicht [!] vnnd stost er dir denn tencken elpogenn hoch auf so wend dich mit dem haubt dar durch vnd far im mit dem rechtenn arm In sein tenncks chnye wüest vnnd spring mit dem rechtenn hinder seinenn rechten vnnd würff in dar vber	[55r.2]	[121v.3] Item Wen dir eyner begrifft din lincke hant mit siner linckenn vnd nÿmpt dir mit der rechtenn daß gewyecht vnd stossett dir den linckenn elnbogen hoch auff So windt dich mit dem haupt dar durch vnd far Im mit dem rechten arm In seyn lincke wu°ste vnd Spring mit dinem rechten hinder sinen rechtenn vnd wuerff In vber dyn rechte hyfft ~		[69r.2] Aber ain gutt° pruch Item / Wen dir ainer begreiff dein lincke hant mit seine° lincken / vnd nympt dir mit der rechtñ das gewicht / vnd stost er dir den elpogñ hoch auff / So wend dich mit dem haubt dar durch / vnd far im mit dem rechte~ arm~ in sein lincke wust / vnd spring mit dem rechtñ fueß hindter sein rechtñ / vnd wurff in vber dein rechte huff /		[137r.1] ain anderß Merckh wann dir ainer begreifft dein lingkh hannt mit seiner lingkn unnd nimet dir mit der rechtenn daß gewicht Stost er dir denn den lingkhenn elenpogen hoch auf So wennt dich mit dein haupt da durch unnd far im mit dem rechtenn arm in sein linck wust unnd spring mit dem rechten fus hinter sein rechtenn unnd wirf in uber die rechten huf	Item wann dir ainer pegreyfft dei n lincke hant mit seiner lincken vnd nympt dir dz gewicht mit seiner rechten vnd er stost dir dein elpogen. vernim dein linckhe so far hoch auf, vnd so wend dich mit dem haubt dar durch vnd far Im mit dem rechte arm In sein lincke wüsten vnd spring mit deinem rechten fuß vnder seinen rechten vnd würff In über dein rechte hüff.	[118r.1] Ainn annders Item wann dir ainner Begreifft deinn linncke hannd mit seinner linncken vnnd Nempt dir mit der rechten das gewicht. vnnd stost dir den Elenpogen hoch auf. so wennd dich mit dem haupt dardurch vnnd far Im mit dem Rechten arm Inn seim linncken wusten. vnnd sprinng mit deinnem rechten fuosz hinnder seinnen Rechten. vnnd wirff In vber dein Dein rechte hufft.	[89v.4] Ein annders. Item Wann dir ainer begriffe dein linngge hand [90r.1] mit seiner linnggen, vnnd nimbt dir mit der recht das gewicht, vnnd stosst dir den elenbogen hoch auf, so wennde dich mit dem haubt dardurch, vnnd fare ime mit dem rechten arm, in sein linngge wüste, vnnd sprinng mit deinem rechten fuß, hinndter seinen rechten / vnnd wirf ine über dein rechte hüfft.	[295r.1] Alia forma Si quis sinistram manum manu item sua sinistra corripieret, atque cubitum sustulerit mirum in modum, caput tu statim transmittas, nec non inde brachium dextrum ipsius sinistris costis iniicias. Tum si dextrum pedem hostis itidem dextro postposueris, per dextram coxam eum praecipitabis.	[104v.2] Alia forma Si quis sinistram manum, manu item sua sinistra corriperet, atque cubitum sustulerit mirum in modum, caput tu statim transmittas, nec non inde brachium dextrum ipsius sinistris costis inijcias, tum si dextrum pedem, hostis itidem dextro postposueris, per dextram coxam eum praecipitabis.	[39v.4] Page:Cgm 3712 039v.jpg [40r.1] Page:Cgm 3712 040r.jpg
	[23] Or grab his leg with your right hand during the turning through and pull him to yourself.	[23]		[103r.2] Oder begreif in mit der rechten hant ein pain in dem durch wenden vnd ruck in nach dir ~								[137r.2] oder begreif in mit der rechten hant am pein in dem durchwenden und ruck in nach dir
	[24] Another wrestling When you have grabbed with someone by the arms and he holds you loosely, use your left hand to thrust his right arm downwards from above. Follow his arm on the way down and grab him behind. Hold him firmly and pull him to you. Grab him by the bending of his right knee from the outside with your right hand and you will throw him on his left side. This is possible from both sides.	[24]	[111v.3] Aber ein ringenn wenn du dich mit eine~ geuast hast pey den arme~ helt er dich loß so slag sein rechte hant auß mit Irr tenckenn võ obm~ nÿder vnd vor Im vnden durch sein rechtñ arm vnbl vnd begreiff in hintñ vnd halt in vest vnd zeuch vnd mit der rechtñ hant begreiff In auß wendig in sener rechtñ knyepug so wirstu In werffñ auff dein tencke seyte~ das get czu paydenn seytenn czu	[103r.6] Aber ein ringen Wenn du dich mit eine~ gefast hast peÿ den armen helt er dich denn loß So slach sein rechte hant aus mit deiner lincken von oben nÿder vnd var Im do mit vnden durch sein rechtñ arm~ [103v.1] vnd begreif In hinden vnd halt In fest vñ zeuch zu° dir vnd mit der rechten hant begreif in auswendig in sein rechte knÿepüg so würfstu In auf die linck seittñ das get zu° paiden seitten ~	[89v.3] Aber ein ringen Item wann du dich mit einem gefasset hast pej den armen Helt er dich dann lose So slag sein rechte hant auß mit deiner lincken von oben nider vnd far Im damit vnden durch sein rechten arm Vnd begreif In hinden vnd halt In veste vnd zuck Vnd mit der rechten hant begreif In außwendig In seiner rechten kniepi= [90r.1] gung So würffstu In auff die lincken seitten Vnd das get zu beiden seitten zu.	[123v.6] wenn dw dich mit einem vast hast bey denn armen Helt er dich denn los so schlach sein rechte hand aus deiner tenncke von obenn nyder vnd far im da mit vnden durch sein rechtenn arm vnd begreyff in hindenn vnd halt In west vnd zeuch vnd mit der rechtenn hannd begreyff In auswendig in seiner rechten chnyepug so wursst [!] dw in auf die tennck seyttenn das get zw paidenn seytn zue	[55r.6] [55v.1]	[121v.4] Aber ein Ringenn Item Wan du dich mit eynem gefasset hast bÿ den armen helt er dich dan loße So schlag [122r.1] Sin rechte Hant auß mit diner lincken vonn oben nider vnd va°ß im do mit vnten durch sein rechte arm vnd begriff In hindenn vnd haltt in vest vnd zuck vnd mit der rechtenn hant begriff In außwendig In sinen rechten kneybug so wurffstu In auff die lincke siten vnd dz geth zu beydenn sytenn zu° ~		[69v.1] Aber ein guet Ringen Item / Wen du mit einem gefast hast peÿ den arm~ / helt er dich loß / so schlach sein rechte hant aus mit deiner lincken von oben nÿder / vnd far Im da mit vndten durch sein rechtñ arm~ / vnd begreiff In hindtñ vnd halt in vest vnd zeuch / vnd mit der rechtñ handt begreiff In auswendig in seiner rechtñ knyepueg / so wurfsdu in auff die linckñ seÿttñ / z das get zu paidñ seittñ		[138v.1] Aber ein ringen Wen du dich mit ainem gefast hast bei den armen Helt er dich den losß so schlahe sein rechte hant auß mit deiner lingken von obn nidr unnd var im domit unthn durch sein rechtenn arm und begreif in hinden und halt in vest unnd zeuch zu dir unnd mit der rechtn hant begreiff in auswendig in sein rechte kniepug so wirffstu in auf die ling seytenn daß get zu paidenn seitn	Aber ein ringen. Item wann du dich mit einē gefasset hast pej den armen Helt er dich dann lose So slag sein rechte hant auß mit deiner lincken von oben nider vnd far Im damit vnden durch sein rechtē arm vnd begreif In hinden vn̄ halt In veste vnd zuck vnd mit der rechten hant begreif In außwendig In seiner rechten kniepigung So würfstu In auff die lincken seitten vnd geht zu beiden seitten zu.	[118v.3] Aber ain Rinngen Item wann du dich Mit ainnem gefasset hast. bey den armen. hellt er dich dann lose. so schlag sein rechte hannd ausz mit deinner linncke von oben nider. vnnd far Im damit vnnden durch seinn Rechten seitten vnnd begreiff In hinnden. vnnd hallt In veest. vnnd zuckh vnnd mit der Rechten hannd begreif In auszwenndig Inn seinner rechten Kniepuge. so wirfstu In auff die Linncken seitten. vnnd das geet zu beiden seitten zu	[90v.2] Aber ain Rinngen. Item wann du dich mit ainem gefasst hast, bej den armen, hellt er dich dann loß, so schlag sein rechte hand auß, mit deiner linnggen von oben nider, unnd far ime damit unnden durch sein rechte seitten, unnd begreif ine hinndten, und hallt ine vesst, unnd zucke, unnd mit der rechten hannd begreif ine außwenndig in seiner rechten kniebüge, so wirfstu ine auf die linngge seitten, und das geet zu baiden seitten zu.	[295v.2] Alia lucta Cum mutuo comprehendistis brachia, si intellexeris te leviter teneri, tum manum hostis dextram sinistra tua excutito e superne deorsum, atque eandem inferne transmittas in latus eius dextrum et retrorsum hostem adpraehendas, verum firmissime ipsum teneas, post attrahas dextra autem manu dextrum itidem poplitem externe corripito et ea ratione eum sinistrorsum prosternito. Is autem habitus utrinque formatur.	[104v.6] Alia lucta. Cum mutuo comprehendistis brachia, si intellexeris te leviter teneri, tum manum hostis dextram, sinistra tua excutito è supernè deorsum, atque eandem infernè transmittas in latus eius dextrum, et retrorsum hostem adprehendas, verum firmissimè ipsum teneas, pòst attrahas, dextra autem manu, dextra itidem poplitem externè corripito, et ea ratione eum sinistrorsum prosternito, Is autem habitus u~trinque formatur.	[40r.5] Page:Cgm 3712 040r.jpg [40v.1] Page:Cgm 3712 040v.jpg
	[25]	[25]	[111v.4] Das sind dy ringenn czu leib Wenn du dich mit eine~ gefast hast das du ein hant vnder seine~ armen hast vnd dy ander obm~ vnd er auch also vnd ainer de~ andñ czu Im druckt so magstu In mit der hant dye du vnttñ hast hindenn begreiffenn vnd vest haltñ vnd In werffenn mit dem ringenn da obenn czu nachst ist geschribenn		[90r.2] Hie heben sich an die leip ringen. Item Wann du dich mit einem gefasset hast das du ein hant vntter seinem arm hast vnd die andern oben vnd er auch also vnd einer den andern zu Im rucket so magstu In mit der hant die du vnden hast hinden begreiffen vnd vast halten vnd In werffen mit den ringen Als negst vorgeschrieben stet			[122r.2] Hie Hebenn Sich an die lÿp Ringenn ~ Item Wen du dich mit eyne~ gefasset hast daß du eyn hant vnder dem arm hast vnd die ander obenn vnd er auch also vnd daß eyner den andern zu ym ruckt so magstu In mit der hant die du vnden hast hintten begriffem vnd vast halten vnd ym werffenn mit dem ringenn also vest / Als vor geschrebenn stott ~						[119r.1] Die leyb Rinngen Item wann du dich Mit ainem gefasset hast. das du ain hannd vnnder seinnem arm hast. vnnd die anndern oben. vnnd Er auch also vnnd ainer den anndern zu Im rucket. so magstu In mit der hannd die du vnnden hast. hinden begreiffen. vnnd fasst hallten. vnnd Inn werffen. mit dem Ringen. als nechst vorgeschriben. steet.	[90v.3] Die Leibrinngen. Item Wann du dich mit ainem gefasset hast, das du ain hannd unndter seinen arm hast unnd die annder oben, unnd er auch allso unnd ainer der anndern zu ime rucket, so magstu ine mit der hannd, die du unnden hast, hinnden begreiffen, unnd fasst hallten, unnd ine werffen mit dem rinngen alls nechstvorgeschriben steet.	[295v.3] Luctae corporales, ut infra declarabitur Si quempiam corripueris ea ratione ut alteram manum brachio ipsius hostis subieceris, alteram vero superne adplicaris, atque is pariter suas manus tibi apposuerit, nec non vos mutuo attrahitis, tunc manu quam lateri ipsius admovisti, hostem retrorsum adprehendere [296r.1] poteris atque inde deiicere luctando, ut paulo supra praedictum est.	[104v.7] Luctae corporales, ut infra declarabitur. Si quempiam corripueris ea ratione, ut alteram manum brachio ipsius hostis subieceris, alteram vero supernè adplicaris, atque is pariter suas manus tibi adposuerit, nec non vos mutuo adtrahitis, tunc manu, quam lateri ipsius admovisti, hostem retrorsum adprehendere poteris atque inde deijcere luctando, ut paulo supra predictum est.	[41r.1] Page:Cgm 3712 041r.jpg
	[26] Wrestling at the body When you come to grips with someone so that you have one arm under his arm, and the other over his arm, and he has the same grip on you: if he is strong and presses you onto himself set the elbow of whichever arm is above on his throat and push forcefully. He will have to let you go.	[26]	[111v.5] Aber ain leib ringenn Wenn du dich mit ainem geuast hast als vor gesch°benn stett vnd ainer ist stercker vnd druckt dich vast czu Im mit sterck vnd thue dir we So secz Im dÿ elbogñ in das hercz oder In dy chel vnd drucke In da mit vast das tue mit [112r.1] Der hant dye du obenn hast so mueß er dich lassñ	[103v.2] Das ist ein leip ringen Wenn du dich mit eine~ gefast hast das dw die ein hant vnder seine~ arm~ hast vnd die ander oben vnd er dich auch also Ist er denn starck vnd druckt dich zu° ÿm so setz ÿm den elpogen an der hant die du oben hast an die kel vnd druck in do mit vast so mües er dich lassen ~	[90r.3] Aber ein leipringen [90v.1] Item Wann du dich mit einem gefast hast pej den armen als oben geschriben stet vnd gener ist starck vnd druckt dich fast zu Im So setz Im den elenpogen an die kelen vnd druck In damit fast das tue mit der hant die du oben hast So muß er dich lassen.	[123v.7] wenn dw dich mit einem geuast hast das dw die ainen hannd vnder seinen arm hast vnd die andern oben vnd er dich auch also Vn jenner ist starch vnd druckt dich vast zw im so secz im denn elpogenn an die chel vnnd druck In da mit vast das dw mit der hannd die dw obenn hast so mues er dich //// lassenn /	[55v.2]	[122r.3] Item Wen du dich mit eyne~ gefasset hast bÿ den armen also vor geschreben stott vnd vngeuer ist starck vnd truck vast zu Im so setz ym den elnbogenn an die kellenn vnd druck In do mit vast dz du mitt der hant die du obenn hast so mu°ß er dich loßenn ~		[69v.2] Ein leib ringen Item Wen du mit ainem gefast hast das du die ain hant vndter seinem arm~ hast / vnd die ander hant oben / vnd er auch also / truckt er dich dan vast zu im So setz im den elpogñ an die kell / vnd druck in do mit vast so muß er dich lassñ / das thue mit der hant die obñ hast /		[139r.1] Ein leib ringn Wenn du dich mit ainem gefast hast daß du die ain hant unnther seinem arm hast unnd die andern oben und er dich auch also Ist er den stargk unnd druckh dich zu im so setz im den elenbogenn an der hant die du obn hast in die kell unnd druck in damit vast so muß er dich lassen		[119r.2] Aber ain Leyb Rinngen Item wann du Dich mit ainnem Gefast hast. bey den armen als oben geschriben steet vnnd Jermer ist starckh vnnd truckh damit fast zu Im so setz Im den Elenpogen an die keelen, vnnd truckh damit fast das thuo mit der hannd die du oben hast so muosz Er dich lassen	[91r.1] Aber ain Leibringen. Item Wan du dich mit ainem gefasst hast, bej den armen, alls oben geschriben steet, vnnd iener ist starck, vnnd druckt dich fasst zu ime so setz ime den elenbogen an die Keelen, vnnd druck damit fasst, das thu mit der hannd, die du oben hast, so muß er dich lassen.	[296r.2] Alia antecedentis forma Cum ut supra commemoratum est, vos invicem corripuistis iuxta brachia, is autem qui tecum colluctatur, fortis reperitur et te fortiter attrahat, tum gutturi ipsius cubitum tuum applices atque fortiter propellas. Id autem fiat ea manu quam superne hosti adposuisti, et hinc te hostis relinquet.	[104v.8] Alia antecedentis forma. Cum ut supra commemoratum est, v~os inv~icem corripuistis iuxta brachia, is autem qui tecum colluctatur, fortis reperitu~r, et te fortiter adtrahat, tum gutturi ipsius, cubitum tuum adplices, atque fortiter propellas, id autem fiat ea manu, quam supernè hosti adposuisti, et hinc te hostis relinquet.	[41r.2] Page:Cgm 3712 041r.jpg
	[27] Another counter If someone grabs you under your arms and presses you onto himself with strength do this to get free: push both of your thumbs into his eyes or into his lower jaw from below or into his throat. He will have to let go of you.	[27]	[112r.2] Ain ander gefert Ob dich ainer hat gefast vnder den arme~ vnd truckt dich vast czu Im mit sterck vnd tuet dir we So prich dich alßo von Im greyff Im mit payd~ henttenn dawme~ In dÿ augen oder hinder sein kinbach oder mit paidenn dawme~ Indÿ chel so muß er dich laßenn	[103v.3] Ein ander pruch Merck wenn dich ein° hat gefast vnder den arm~ vnd druckt dich fast zu° Im so prich dich also von ÿm greif ÿm mit paiden daümen in die augen oder vnder sein kinpacken oder in sein kel so mues er dich lassen ~	[90v.2] Ein ander gefertt Item ob dich einer hat gefast vnter deinen armen vnd trucket dich fast zu Im mit sterck vnd tut dir wee So brich dich also von Im Greiff Im mit beden dawmen In die augen oder vntter sein kinpacken oder mit beden dawmen In sein kelen so muß er dich lassen.	[123v.8] ob dich ainer hiet geuast vnnder deinen arm vnd druckt dich vast zw im mit sterch vnnd thuet dir we so prich dich also von Im greyff Im Im [!] mit paidenn daumen in sein chel oder vnder sein chinpackenn oder in sein chel so mues er dich lassenn	[55v.3]	[122v.1] Item Ob dich eyner hat gefassett vnder dinem arm vnd ruck dich vast zu Im mit sterck vnd thutt dir we so brich also von Im griff In mit beydenn dümenn in die augen oder vnder synn kynnbacken oder mit beyden dümenn in syn kelen so muß er dich loßenn		[69v.3] Das ist ein ander gefert Item Ob dich ainer hat gefast vndter deinen arm~ / so druck er dich vast zu im sterckt vnd thuet die wee so prich dich also von im greiff im mit paidñ dawmen in die augñ / oder vndter sein kympackeñ / oder mit paidñ dawme~ in sein keel so muß er dich lassñ		[139v.1] Ein ander pruch Merck wan dich ainer hat gefast unnther denn arm und druckt dich fast zu im, so bruch dich also von im graif im mit paiden daumen in die augen oder unnther sein kinbackn odr in sein kell so muß er dich lassen		[119v.1] Einn annder gefert. Item ob dich ainner hat Gefast. vnnd deinnen armen vnnd truckt dich fast. zu Im mit sterckh. vnd thut dir wee. so prich dich also vonn Im. greiff mit baiden dawmen. Inn die augen oder vnnder seinn knibacken. oder mit baiden dawmen Inn seinn keelen. so muosz Er dich lassen.	[91r.2] Ein annder geförrt. Item ob dich ainer hat gefasst, vnndter deinen armen, vnnd druckt dich fasst zu ime, mit sterck, vnnd thut dir wer, so brich dich allso von ime greiffe mit bede daumen zu die augen, oder vnndter seinen kinbacken, oder mit beden daumen in sein keelen, so muß er dich lassen.	[296r.3] Aliud luctae genus Si quis te corripuerit sub brachiis tuis et fortiter attraxerus te teque coartet tum ea ratione ab ipso se iungitor, pollicem tuarum manuum utrunque in oculos adversarii iniicito, vel mento ipsius supponas, vel si mavis gutturi admoveas, et eo impulsu te hostis relinquet.	[104v.9] Aliud Luctae genus. Si quis te corripuerit sub brachijs tuis, et fortiter adtraxerit te, teque coartet, tum ea ratione ab ipso seiungitor, pollicem tuarum manu~um utrumque in oculos adversarij inijcito, vel mento ipsius supponas, v~el si mau~is gutturi admoveas, et eo impulsu te hostis relinquet.	[41r.3] Page:Cgm 3712 041r.jpg
	[28] Another wrestling at the body If you grab someone so that you have one arm under and the other over and he grabs you in the same manner, put the arm, which is over, under his jaw on his neck and thrust away forcefully. Grab his leg by the bending of the knee with the other arm. Pull the leg towards yourself and this is how you will throw him.	[28]	[112r.3] Hastu dich aber gefast mit eine~ als vor geschribeñ stat so far Im mit dem arme den du obm~ hast vntter den kinbachñ An den halß vnd stoß In vast võ dir vnd mit der hant dye du vnden hast begreiff Im das pain in der knyepug Vnd zeuch da mit czu dir so wirt er geworffñ an allen czweiual	[103v.4] Aber ein leip ringen Hastu dich mit einem gefast das du ein hant vnden hast vnd die ander oben vnd er dich auch also So far Im mit dem arm~ den du oben hast vnder seine~ kinpacken an den hals vnd stos in fast von dir vnd mit der hant die du vnden hast begreif ÿm ein pain in der knÿepüg [104r.1] vnd zeuch do mit zu° dir so wirt er geworfen ~ ~ ~	[90v.3] Hastu dich aber mit einem gefast als vorgeschrieben stet so far Im [91r.1] mit deinem arm den du oben hast vntter den kinpacken an den hals vnd stos In vast von dir Vnd mit der hant die du vnden hast begreiff Im das pein In der kniepiegung vnd zuck damit zu dir So württ er geworffen etc.	[123v.9] wenn dw dich mit einem hast geuast das dw ain hannd vnnden hast die andern obenn vnnd er dich auch also so far im mit dem arm denn dw oben hast vnder denn chinpackenn an denn hals vnd stos In vast vonn dir vnd mit der hand die dw vndenn hast begreyff im das pain zu der chnyepug vnd zeuch do mit zw dir so wiert er geworffenn	[55v.4]	[122v.2] hastu aber dich mit eynem gefassett als vor geschrebenn stott So far ym mit dyne~ arm den du obenn hast vnder den kÿnbackenn an den hals vnd stoß in vast von dir vnd mit der hant die du vnden hast begriff Im dz beyn in der kneybug vnd zuck do mit zu dir so wurtt er geworffenn ~		[69v.4] Aber ain leib ringen Hastu dich aber mit ainem gefast das du ain handt vndtñ hast vnd die ein obñ / vnd er dich auch also / so far im mit dem arm~ den du obñ hast vndter den [70r.1] kynpacken an den hals vnd stos in vast von dir vnd mit der hant die du vndtñ hast begreiff im das pain in der knyepueg vnd zuch damit zu dir so wirt er geworffñ /		[140-1r] Aber ein Leib ringen Hastu dich mit ainem gefast daß du ein hannt unthen hast unnd die ander obenn unnd er dich auch also so far im mit dem arm den du Oben hast unnther sein kinbacken an den halß unnd stoß in fast vonn dirr unnd mit der hant die du unnthen hast begreif inn ein pein in der kniepug Und zeuch domit zu dir so wirt er geworfn wie hie gemalt,		[119v.2] Ainn annders Hastu du dich mit ainnem gefast als vor geschriben steet. so far Im mit deinnem arm den du Oben hast. vnnder den kinpacken ann den hals. vnnd stosz In fast vonn dir vnnd mit der hannd die du vnnden hast. begreyff Im das pain Inn der Kniepugen vnnd zuckh damit zu dir. so wirt Er ~ Gerworffen.	[91r.3] Ein annders. Item hastu dich aber mit ainem gefasst, alls vorgeschriben steet, so fare ime mit deinem arm, den du oben hast, vnndter den kinbacken an den halß, vnnd stoß in fasst von dir, vnnd mit der hannd, die du vnndten hast, Begreif ime das bain, in der kniebügen, vnnd zuck damit zu dir, so wird er geworffen.	[296v.1] Alia effigies Cum insuper rursum fueris cum aliquo congressus ut praedictum est, tunc tu, qui palmam obtinere cupias, brachium quod inferne apposuisti hosti sub mento eius collo applices, atque abs te eum abigas pro viribus. Inde manu infera poplite ipsius correpto eum si adtraxeris adversarius prosternetur.	[104v.10] Alia effigies. Cum insuper rursum fueris cum aliquo congressus, ut praedictum est, tunc tu, qui palmam obtinere cupias, brachium, quod infernè adposuisti hosti, sub mento eius collo adplices, atque abste eum abigas pro viribus, inde manu infera poplite ipsius correpto, eum se adtraxeris, adversarius prosternetur.
	[29] [A counter to the counter] When someone wishes to counter this technique and tries to break your balance with the elbow, pull the elbow down and push it away. Grab his leg by the bending of his knee with your other arm and throw him.	[29]	[112r.4] Ain widerpruch Ob dir ayner das prechñ wolt vnd wolt dir das gewicht neme~ peÿ dem elbogñ so senck den selbñ elbogñ vnder sich vnd truck Im den In dy seÿtenn vnd mit der andñ hant begreiff Im ey~ pain in der knyebug vnd wirff In	[104r.2] Item ob dir ein° das stuck prechen wil vnd wil dir das gewicht nemen peÿ dem elpogen so senck den selben elpogen vnd druck ÿm den in die seitten vnd mit der anderñ hant begreif ÿm ein pain in der knÿepüg vnd würf ÿn ~	[91r.2] Item ob dir einer das prechen wolt vnd wolt dir das gewicht nemen pej dem elenpogen So senck denselbigen elenpogen vnttersich vnd truck Im den In die seitten vnd mit der andern hant begreif Im ein pein In der kniepiegung Vnd würff In.	[123v.10] ob dir ainer das prechenn wern wolt vnd wolt dir das gewicht nemen bey dem ellpogenn so senck den selben elpogenn vnttersich vnd druck im denn in die seyten vnd mit der anndern hannd begreyff im ein pain In der chnye pug vnd wurff in dar vber	[55v.5] [56r.1]	[122v.3] Item Ob dir eyner daß brechent wolt vnd wolt dir dz gewiecht nemen by dem elnbogen So senck den selbenn elnbogenn vntersich vnd truck Im den in syn siten vnd mit der nidern hantt begriff Im ein beÿn in der kneÿpu°g vnd wurff In ~		[70r.2] Itm~ Ob dir ainer das prechñ wolt / vnd wolt dir das gewicht nemen pey dem elpogñ / so senck den selbñ elpogñ vndtersich / vnd truck in damit in die seyttñ / vnd mit der anderñ hant begreiff im sein pain in der knyepueg vnd wurff in /		[140r.2] Unnd ob dir einr daß stuckh prechen wolt unnd will dir daß gewicht nemmen bey dem elbogen, so senckh den selben elbogen, Unnd druckh ime den in die seitn, Unnd mit der anndern, hannt begreif im ain pain in der kniepug und w[erf] in.		[120r.1] Nota Item ob dir ainner Das prechen wollt vnnd wollt dir das. gewicht nehmen bey dem Elenpogen. so senckh den selbigen Elennpogen vnndersich vnnd stosz Im den Inn die seiten. vnnd mit der anndern hannd begreyff Im ain pain Inn der. kniepuge vnnd wirff In.	[91r.4] Nota Item ob dir ainer das brechen wolt, vnnd das ge= [91v.1] wicht nemen, bej dem elenbogen. So senncke den selbig elenbogen vnndter sich, vnnd stosse ime den in die Seitten, vnnd mit der annderen hannd, begreif ime Ein bain in der kniebüge, vnnd wirf ime.	[296v.2] Notabile Si quis antecedentem habitum destruere conetur, nec non pondus auferre iuxta cubitum, tum nonnihil cubitum eundem demittas atque eodem latus ipsius tundas, verum altera manu alterum eius poplitem corripito et eum prosternito.	[104v.11] Notabile Si quis antecedentem habitum destruere conetur, nec non pondus auferre iuxta cubitum, tum nonnihil cubitum eundem demittas, atque eodem latus ipsius tundas, Verum altera manu, alterum eius poplitem corripito, et eum prosternito.	[41r.4] Page:Cgm 3712 041r.jpg
	[30] Another wrestling at the body If you come to grips with someone in the manner described above and he grips you loosely, reach with the arm you have under to the other side, grab him by the bending of his knee and lift him up. Set your other arm on his neck and push him away so that he will fall.	[30]	[112r.5] Hastu dich aber mit eine~ geuast als vor geschribñ stat held er dich denn loß vnd druckt dich nicht vast czu Im so wechsel dy hant dye du vndenn hast im auff dye andern seytñ außwendig in sein knÿepug vnd habe da mit auff vnd mit der hãt dye du obm~ hast vor Im obenn fur den hals vnd stoß In da mit obm~ võ dir so felt er	[104r.3] Aber ein leip ringen Hastu dich mit einem gefast als vor geschriben stet helt er dich denn loß so wechsel die hant die dw vnden hast im auf die ander seitten auswendig in sein knÿepüg vnd heb do mit auf vnd mit der hant die du oben hast far Im für den hals vnd stos in do mit oben von dir so felt er ~	[91r.3] Aber ein leip ringen Hastu dich aber mit einem gefasset als vorgeschriben stet, helt er dich dann lose und druckt [91v.1] dich nit fast So wechsel die hant die du vnden hast Im auf die andern seitten außwendig In sein kniepiegung vnd heb damit auf Vnd mit der hant die du oben hast far Im oben für den hals, Vnd stos In damit oben von dir So felt er.	[123v.11] Wenn dw dich mit ainem hast geuast das dw ain hannd obenn hast vnd die anndern vnden vnd er dich auch also helt er dich dann lose vnd Druckt nit vast zw im so wechsel die hannt die dw vnnden hast im auf die andern seytenn auswenig in sein chnyepug vnd heb da mit auf vnnd mit der dew oben vast far im obenn far vmb denn hals vnd stos in da mit oben von dir so velt er	[56r.2]	[122v.4] Item Hastu dich mit eynen gefassett also vor geschriben stott helt er dich dan loß vnd truck dich nit fast So wechsell dÿ hant die du vnten hast Im auff die andern syten außwendig In seyn kneyepug vnd heb do mit auff vnd mit der hant die du obenn hast far yn oben fur din hals vnd stoß yn do mit oben von dir so felltt er ~		[70r.3] Aber ain leib Ringen Item Hastu dich aber mit ainem gefast / das du die ain handt vndtñ hast / vnd die anderñ vndtñ / vnd er dich auch also / druckt er dich dan nit vast zu im / So wechsl die hant die du vndtñ hast im auff die ander seÿttñ auß wendig in sein knyepug vnd heb damit auff / vnd mit der hant die du obñ hast far im obñ fur den hals vnd stos in da mit obñ von dir / so felt er		[140v.1] Aber ein leibringen~ Hastu dich mit einnem gefast, alß vor geschriben steet helt er dich dann loß, so wechsl die hannt die du unnden hast im auf die annder seitn auswenndig in sein kniebug unnd heb damit auf, unnd mit der hannt die du oben hast, Var im fur den halß unnd stoß in damit oben von dir so felt er,   wie hie gemalt		[120r.2] Aber ainn Leyb ringen Hastu du dich aber mit ainem gefasset. als vorgeschriben steet. hellt er dich dann Lose. vnnd truckt dich nit fast. so wechsel die hannd die du vnnden hast Im auf die ander seitten. auszwenndig Inn sein kniepuge vnnd heb damit auf. vnnd mit der hannd die oben hast far Im oben fur den hals. vnnd stosz In damit oben von dir. so fellt Er.	[91v.2] Aber ain Leibrinngen. Item hastu dich aber mit ainem gefasst, alls vorgeschriben steet, hellt er dich dann loß, vnnd druckt dich nit fasst, So wechsel die hannd die du vnndten hast, inn auf die annder seitten, auswenndig in sein kniebüge, vnnd hebe damit auf, vnnd mit der hannd, die du oben hast, fare ime oben für den hals, vnnd stoss ime damit oben von dir, so fellt er.	[296v.3] Alia item luctae corporalis species. Cum rursus mutuo vos corripuistis, verum is si te leviter contineat neque vehementer te coartet, tunc eam manum quam inferne adplicuisti alteri ipsius lateri iniicias corripiendo poplitem eius externe. Inde si sustuleris et manum superiorem collo eius adpo [297r.1] sueris atque superne propuleris hostis concidet.	[104v.12] Alia item luctae corporalis speties. Cum rursus mutuo vos corripuistis, verum is si te leviter contineat, neque vehementer te coactet, tunc eam manum, quam infernè adplicuisti, alteri ipsius lateri inijcias corripiendo poplitem eius externè, inde si sistuleris, et manum superiorem collo adposueris, atque supernè propuleris, hostis concidet.	[41v.1] Page:Cgm 3712 041v.jpg
	[31] Another wrestling at the body If you grab someone so that you have one arm under his arm and the other over and he grabs you in the same manner, reach with the arm that is under upwards over his arm from the outside. Help your arm by grabbing it with the other arm and then twist away from him. He will fall and that is good.	[31]	[112r.6] Hastu dich aber mit eine~ geuast als vor geschribñ stett so [112v.1] vor mit dem arm den du vnden hast võ vnde~ auff außwe~dig obm~ vber seyn arm den er obm~ hatt vnd chum d° andñ hant mit der andern czu hilff vnd truck vast nider vnd went dich von Im Im das ist guet	[104r.4] Aber ein leip ringen Hastu dich mit einem gefast das du die ein hant vnden hast vnd die ander oben vnd er dich auch also So var ÿm mit dem arm~ den du vnden hast von vnden auf auswendig oben vber den arm~ den er oben hat vnd chu~m mit der anderñ hant deiner oberñ hant zu° hilf vnd wendt dich von ÿm so felt er vnd das ist gu°t ~		[123v.12] Wenn dw dich mit einem geuast hast als vor geschribenn stet so var mit dem arm denn dw vnnden hast von vnndenn auf auswendig oben vber sein arm denn er obenn hat vnd chüm mit der anndern hannd der hannd zw hilf vnd druck vast nyder vnd wennd dich von im	[56r.3]	[123r.1] Item hastu aber dich mit eynem gefassett als vor geschribenn stot so far mit dem arm den du vnte~ hast von vnde~ auff vßwendig oben vber syn / arm den er oben hatt vnd küm mit der andern hantt der hant zu hilff vnd truck fast nÿder vnd wend dich von ym dz ist fast güt ~		[70r.4] Aber ain leib ringen Itm~ Hastu dich aber mit aine~ gefast wie vor geschribñ stet / So far mit dem arm~ den du vndtñ hast von vndtñ auff auswendig oben vber sein arm~ den er obñ hat / vnd kum mit der andern hant der hant zu hilff vnd truck vast nyder vnd wendt dich von im / das ist vast guet /		[141r.1] Aber ein leibringen: Hastu dich mit einnem gefast, Daß du die ein hannt unnten hast, Unnd die annder oben, Unnd er dich auch also, So var im mit dem arm denn du unnden hast, Von unnden auf auswenndig oben yber denn arm den er oben hat, Unnd kumb mit deinr obern anndern hant deinr obern hannt zu hilff, Unnd wennt dich von im,
	[32]	[32]	[112v.2] Ain anders ringenn Ob dir einer mit der hant dye er obñ hatt hinttñ vmb den hals wolt greÿffñ vnd dich da mit vmbendenn so prich eß mit dem vor geschribñ vberfalden			[123v.13] Vnd ob dir ainer mit [124r.1] Der hannd die er obenn hat hindenn vmb dein hals wil greyffenn vnnd dich do mit vmb wenndnn so prichs mit dem vorgenanten vberfallenn	[56r.4]	[123r.2] Item Ob dir eyner mit der hant die er oben hat hynden vmb den hals will griffen vnd dich do mit will vmb winden so prich es mit dem vor geschribenn stet vber fallen ~
	[33] [Here begins other good wrestling and counters] When you and your opponent have grabbed by the arms and you have your left leg forward, if he is clever and steps with his right leg behind your left from the outside to throw you over it, quickly pull your left leg back, grab his right leg and hit him in the chest above. So he will fall.	[33] Further Wrestling Techniques. The 1st Technique: Leg-pull If someone has grabbed you around the arms and you are standing with the left foot forward, he standing with the right leg outside on your left and wanting to pull you over the arms, then pull your left leg rapidly back behind you. At the same time seize his right foot and punch him against the chest, then he will fall.	[112v.3] Ein pruch wider schrenckenn Wann dich einer geuast hat in den arme~ vnd du In wider vñ ettlicher den tenckenn fueß fur gesaczt hat vnd ist er also geschre~ckt das er dir mit deme~ rechtñ fueß schreyt außwendig hinder den tencken fueß vnd wil dich beÿ dem arm dar vmb vber ruckenn So czuck den tenckenn fueß frisch hinder dich auff czu ruck vnd vaß Im da mit seine~ rechte~ fueß vnd stoß In vor In dy prust so velt er	[104r.5] Ein pruch wider das schrencken Merck wenn dich ein° gefast hat in den armen vnd du in wider Hastu denn [104v.1] den lincken fues vor gesetzt vnd ist er denn also gescheid vnd schreitt dir mit seinem rechten fuess auswendig hinder den lincken vnd wil dich peÿ den armen dar vber rucken so zuck den lincken fues frisch hinder dich auf zu° ruck vnd fass Im do mit sein rechten fues vnd stos in oben für die prust so felt er ~		[124r.2] wenn dich ainer geuast hat in dem arm vnd dw in wider yedlicher denn tenncken fues fur geseczt hat vnd ist er also gescheyd das er dir mit seinem rechtn fueß schreyt auswendig hinder denn tencken vnd wil dich pey dem arm dar vber ruckn so zuck deinen fueß frischleich hinder sich auf zu ruck vnd faß in da mit seinem rechten fueß vnd stos in obenn fur die prüst so velt er	[56r.5] [56v.1]	[123r.3] Ein bruch Item Wan dich eyner gefasset hat In den arm vnd du yn wider vnd Iecherlicher den lincken fuß vor gesetz hat vnd ist er also gescheide daß er mit synem rechten fus schrit vßwendig hinder din lincken vnd wil dich mit beyde~ armen den vber rucken so ruck dinen lincken fuß frißlichen hinder dich vff zu ru°ck vnd faß In do mit synem rechten fuß vnd stos In oben vor die prust so fellet er /	[78r.1] Hie heben sich an andere gu°tte ringen vñ brüch Item wann dich aine~ gefasst hät in den armen vñ du in wider / vnd redtlich den lincken fu°ß fürgeseczt hat vnd er also gesteÿd daß er dir mitt sinem rechten fu°ß schreÿt vßwendig wider dine~ lincken vñ will dich bÿ den arme~ darüber rucken So ruck dine~ fu°ß frisch hinde~sich vff zu° ruck vñ faß im damitt sine~ rechten fu°ß vñ stoßstoß in oben für die brüst So fölt er etc	[70v.1] Ein pruch wider Sterck Itm~ / Wen dich ainer gefast hat in den armen vnd duo in wider vnd ieglicher den lincken fues furgesetzt hat / vnd ist er also geschaid das er dir mit seinem rechtñ fues schreit auswendig hindter dein lincken vnd wil dich peÿ den arme~ daruber trücken / So ruck deinen fues frisch hindter dich auff zu ruck vnd vaß im da mit seinen rechtñ fues / vnd stos in oben fur die prust / so felt er liederlich nider /		[141r.2] Ein Pruch wider daß Schrenncken. Merckh, wann dich einer gefast hat inn den armmen unnd du im wider, hastu dann den lincken vueß fur gesetzt, Ist er dann so gescheit unnd schreit dir mit seinem rehten fueß auswenndig hinnter den linckhen, unnd will dich bey den armen daryber rucken, So zuckh den lincken fueß, frisch hinter dich auf zu ruckh, unnd fasß im domit sein rechtn fueß, unnd stoß in domit oben fur prust, so felt er,
	[34] Another wrestling When someone holds you across the shoulders from behind, lift up your arm on the side he has his leg forward and hit him in the elbow bending of his arm. With your other arm push his arm to the side. With it hold his arm, grab him by the throat with the other one and thrust your leg into the knee bending of his exposed leg, which is turned towards you with the heel.	[34] The 2nd Technique: Kick in the Knee-hollow If someone grabs you from behind around the shoulders, then drive high with your arm in the bend of his elbow, on the side where his foot stands forward. Seize at it with your other hand and press upward and outside on the opposite side. Hold his arm with one hand, with the other seize him at the throat, and with the foot kick him in the knee-hollow of his preceding foot (the one which stands forward), which has its heel turned to you.	[112v.4] Ob dich ainer ferr hinttenn begreifft vber dem achslñ vor vber mit deine~ arm in dye pug seines elbogs an der seytenn do der fueß an vor stat vnd mit der andñ hant hilff czu dir truckenn auff dy seytñ auswe~dig gein dem vnd halt Im den arm mit der aine~ hãt vnd mit der andern hant greiff In dy dross vnd mit dem fuß In dy knyepug seines fuer gesecztñ fueß czu dir gespart mit der verßenn	[104v.2] Aber ein ringen Ob dich einer fer° hinden begreift vber dein achselñ so var vber mit deinem arm~ in die püg seins elpogens an der seitten do der fues vor stet vnd mit der anderñ hant hilf zu° dir drucken auf die seitten außwendig geriden vnd hald Im den arm~ mit der ain hant vnd mit der anderñ greif im in die drossel vnd mit dem füess in die knÿepüg seins ausgesetztñ fuess zu° dir gespart mit der fersen ~		[124r.3] wenn dich ainer fer hinden pegreyfft vber dein achsel so far vber mit deinem arm In die pug seins elpogens ann der seytenn da der fues vor stet vnd mit der anndern hand hilf zw dir drucken auf die seytenn auswendig geriten vnd halt Im denn arm mit der ainen hannd vnd mit der anndern hand greyf im in denn drossen vnd mit dem fueß In die chnye pug seins anseczens fueß zw dir gespart mit der verssenn	[56v.2]	[123r.4] Item Ob dich eyner ver hinter begrifft vber din achßell so far vber mit dinem arm in die pu°g synes elnbogen an der syten do der fuß vor stot vnd mit der andern hilff zu dir trucken vff die sytenn vßwendig vnd halt Im den arm mit [123v.1] der einen hant vnd mit der andern hant griff Im in die trieselen vnd mit dem fuß Im In die knyepug seynes vff gesetzten fusses zu dir gespar mit den versen	[78v.1] Aber ain Ringen Item ob dich ainer ferr hinden begrifft über den achselen far über mitt dine~ arm in die waich sins elnbogens an der sÿtten do der fu°ß vor stät vñ mitt der andern hand hilff zu° dir trucken vff die sÿtten vßwendig ge~ubenn / vñ halt im den arm mitt der ainen hand vñ mitt der anderen hand grÿff im in die drosß dro dross vñ mitt de~ fu°ß in die knÿbügen sines vsgeseczten fu°ß zu dr dir gespert mitt der fersen ~~ ~~	[70v.2] Aber ain Ringñ Itm~ Ob dich ainer ferr hindtñ begreifft vber dein achsln / far vber mit deinem arm~ in die pug seins elpogens an der seyttñ do der fues vor stet / vnd mit der anderñ handt hilff zu dir truckñ auff die seittñ aus wendig geribñ / vnd halt im den arm~ mit der ainenn handt / vnd mit der ander handt greiff im in die drossel vnd mit dem fues in die knÿepug seines auss gesetztñ fues zu dir gespart mit der versen
	[35] Another wrestling With your right arm push his left arm away and grab him by the fingers of his right hand. Use your left arm, with which you have grabbed it before, to push it upwards and throw him on his back over your left thigh.	[35] The 3rd Technique: Throw over the Leg Move to seize rapidly with your right hand and grab the fingers of his right hand. Punch his right arm with your left hand, which you seized in front, upward. And throw him backwards over your right leg.		[104v.3] Aber ein ringen Schlach aus mit deiner rechten hannt sein lincke vnd begreif Im die finger sein° rechten hant vnd mit der lincken sein rechten arm~ vber sich geslagen voren gefast vnd zu° ruck geworfen vber dein lincks pain ~		[124r.4] Slach aus mit deiner rechtn hand sein dencke hannd vnd pegreyff im die ving seiner rechtenn hannd vnd mit der tennckenn sein rechtenn arm vber sich be schlagen vornn geuast vnnd zw ruck geworffenn vber dein tenncks pain	[56v.3]	[123v.2] Item Slahe auß mit diner rechten hant sein lincke hant vnd begriff Im die finger siner rechten hant vnd mit der lincken seynen rechte~ arm vbersich geschlagen fornen gefast vnd zu rueck geworffen vber din linckes peyn	[78v.2] Aber ain Ringen [79r.1] Item schlach vsß mitt dine~ recht~ hand vñ begrÿff im die finger sine~ rechte~ hand Vñ mitte der lincken hand sine~ rechte~ arm übersich geschlage~ vornen gefasst vñ zu° ruck geworfen uber din lincks baÿn ~	[70v.3] Aber ain Ringñ Itm~ Schlag aus mit deiner rechtñ hant sein lincke hant / vnd begreiff im die finger seiner rechtñ handt / vnd mit der linckñ sein rechtñ arm~ vber sich geschlagñ vorñ gefast vnd zu ruck geworffñ vber dein lincks pain
	[36] Another wrestling Push his left arm away with your right arm and reach through between his legs. Grab him by the back of his jacket or by the arm, lift him up and with your left arm above push him away. So he will fall back onto his head.	[36] The 4th Technique: Digging Throw Punch his left hand outward with your right hand. Then drive him through with the right hand between the legs and seize him behind by the gambeson or elbows. And lift him high and punch him away from you with the left hand, thus he will fall backward on the head.	[112v.5] Slach auß mit deiñ rechtñ hant sein tencke vnd var Im mit der hant czwischñ dy pain vorn durch vnd vaß In [113r.1] hindenn peÿ der ioppenn oder auff den elpogñ vnd heb In auff vnd stoß In obenn võ dir mit der tencke hant so velt er hindersich auff den kopff	[104v.4] Aber ein ringen Schlach aus mit deiner rechten hant sein lincke vnd var im r mit der rechten [105r.1] zwischen die pein vorñ durch vnd vass in hinden peÿ der Joppen oder auf den arm~ vnd heb in also auf vnd stos in oben mit der lincken hant von dir so felt er hinder sich auf den kopf ~		[124r.5] [S]chlach aus mit deiner rechtn hand vnd far im auf der hand zwischenn der pain vorn durch vnd faß in hindenn pein [!] der Jopenn oder auf denn elpogenn vnd heb In auf vnd stos in oben von dir mit der tenncken hand so felt er obenn auf den chopf	[56v.4]	[123v.3] Item Slahe auß mit diner rechten hant syn lincke vnd var Im mit der hant zwuschen die peyn vorn durch vnd vaß In hinden by der juppen oder auff den elnbogenn vnd heb In auff vnd stoß in oben von dir mit der lincken hantt So felt er hinder sich vff den kopff ~	[79r.2] Aber ain Ringen It~ schlag vß mitt dine~ rechte~ hand sin lincke / Vnd im mitt hand zwischen der bain durchfarn vñ faß in binde~ bÿ dem wames oder bÿ dem elnbogen vñ heb in vff vñ stoß in eben von dir mitt der lincken hand So feldt er hinde~sich vff den kopff _|etc   Ocha	[71r.1] Aber ain Ringen vast guet Itm~ / Schlag aus mit deiner rechtñ handt sein lincke / vnd far im mit der handt zwischñ die pain vorñ durch vnd faß in hindtñ peÿ der Joppñ / oder auff den elpogñ vnd heb in auff vnd stos in obñ von dir mit der linckñ handt / so felt er hindtersich auff den kopf		[141r.3] Aber ein ringen Schlag auß, mit deiner rechten hannt sein lincke, unnd far im mit der rechten, zwischen die pain vorn durch und fasß inn hinnden bey der Joppen, Oder auf den armen [141v.1] unnd heb inne also auf unnd stoß in oben mit der lincken hannt von dir, so vellt er hinntersich auf den kopf, ~ wie hie gemalt, siehest ☞
	[37]	[37]	[113r.2] Das magstu auch thue wenn dich ainer hat obm~ gevast Vnd das du dein arm peÿd vnttñ hast greiff mit der ayne~ hant vnden durch czwischñ seinem pain mit der andñ hant stoß in obenn weck			[124r.6] das magstu auch tun wenn dich ainer hat oben geuast vnd das dw dein arm paid vndenn hast so greyf mit der ainen hand vndenn durch zwischenn seiner pain mit dem anndernn stos obenn	[56v.5] [57r.1]	[123v.4] Itemm Dast machstu auch thun wan dich eyner hat obenn gefassett vnd daß du din beyde arm vnten hast So griff mit der eynen hant vnte~ durch zwuschen synen peydenn mit der andern hant stoß oben Hyn weck ~
	[38] [A counter against the wrestle whereby one grabs through your legs] When someone reaches with his right arm between your legs and grabs the back of your jacket, lean towards him and reach with both of your arms below his right arm from the outside. Lift his right arm up and he will be unable to throw you.	[38] Counter-grip against the 4th Technique If someone drives you through with the right hand between the legs and grabs you behind by the gambeson, then bend to him and drive under from outside with both arms through his right arm, and lift him upward then he can not throw you.	[113r.4] wenn dir ayner mit seiner rechtñ hãt czwischñ deine~ pain durch vert vnd vast dich hintñ bey der Joppenn so puck dich mit dem hewpt gege~ Im vnd var võ aussenn vnttñ durch seine~ rechtñ arm mit deine~ paydenn armen vnd hab da mit vbersich so mag er dich nicht gewerffñ	[105r.2] Also prich das Wenn dir einer mit seiner rechten hant zwischen deinen peinen peÿ der Joppen durch fert vnd fast dich hinden pey der Joppen so puck dich mit dem haubt gegen ÿm vnd far von aussen vnden durch sein rechten arm~ mit deinen paiden armen vnd heb do mit vbersich so mag er dich nicht gewerfen ~	[91v.2] Aber ein leip ringen Item Wann dir einer mit seiner rechten hant zwischen deinen peinen durchfert vnd fast dich hinden pei der Joppen So pück dich mit dem gegen Im vnd far von aussen vnden durch sein rechten arm vnd heb damit übersich so mag er dich nicht gewerffen	[124r.7] wenn dir ainer mit seiner rechtenn hannd zwischenn deinen painenn durch fert vnd fast dich hindenn pey der Joppenn so puck dich mit dem haubt gegn Im vnd far von aussenn vndenn durch sein rechtenn arm mit deinen paidenn armen vnd hab da mit vbersich so mag er dich nicht gewerffenn	[57r.2]	[123v.5] Item Wen dir eÿner mit seiner rechte~ hant zwuscen dynen beynen durch vertt vnd fast dich hinde~ bÿ der Joppen So pug dich mit dem gege~ Im vnd var von außen vnten durch synen rechten arm [124r.1] mit dinen beyden henden armen vnd heb do mit vber sich so mag er dich nit gewerffenn ~	[79v] Ain bruch wider daß Ringen so dir aine~ mitt der rechten hand durch din bain fört Item also brich daß Wann dir aine~ mitt sine~ rechten hand zwische~ diner rechten ban bain durch fört vñ fast dich hinden bÿ dem wam~es So buck dich mitt dine~ haupt gegen im Vñ far von vssen vnden durch sin rechten arm mitt den baiden armen Vñ heb da mitt übersich So mag er dich nicht werffen etc~	[71r.2] Also prich das stuck Itm~ Wen dir ainer mit seiner rechtñ handt zwischñ deinen painen durch fert / vnd fast dich hindtñ peÿ der Joppñ / So pück dich mit dem kopf gegñ Im vnd far von auß vndtñ durch sein rechtñ arm~ mit deinen paidñ armen / vnd heb dich damit vbersich so mag er dich nit gewerffñ /		[141v.2] :Bruch: Wenn dir einr mit seinr rechtn hannt zwischen deinnen painen durch vert, und vast dich hinnden bey der yppen, so pruckh dich mit dem haupt gegen im, und var von aussen unnden durch sein rechten arm, mit deinen baiden armen, Und heb damit ybersich, so mag er dich nit werffen,		[120v] Aber ainn Rinngen Item wann dir ainner Mit seinner rechten hannd zwischen deinnen Painnen durch fert. vnnd fast dich hinnden bey der Jurpen. so puckh dich mit dem gogen Im vnnd far aussen vnnden durch sein rechten Arm. vnnd heb damit vbersich so mag er dich ~ Nit werffen.	[91v.3] Aber ain Rinngen. Item Wann dir ainer mit seiner rechten hannde zwischen deinen bainen durchfört, vnnd fasset dich hinnden bej der joppen, so bucke dich mit dem gegen ime, vnnd fare aussen, vnnden durch seinen recht arm, vnnd hebe damit übersich, so mag er dich nit werffen.	[297r.2] Alia effigies Si quis dextram manum utrisque pedibus interserverit, atque retrorsum te complexus fuerit, tum te incurvabis contra hostem. Post si externe sub brachio ipsius dextro transieris nec non sublevaris, prosterni ab adversario nequibis.	[104v.13] Alia effigies. Si quis dextram manum utrisque pedibus interserverit, atque retrorsum te complexus fuerit, tum te incurvabis contra hostem, pòst si externè sub brachio ipsius dextro transieris, nec non sublevaris, prosterni ab adversario nequibis.	[41v.2] Page:Cgm 3712 041v.jpg
	[39] Another wrestling If someone grabs you by your left arm with both of his hands and wants to pull you to his right side, reach with your right arm over his left arm and use it to grab him on his right side. With your left hand grab him by the bending of his knee.	[39] The 5th Technique: Defence against Pulling To If someone has grabbed you by one of your hands and wants to tear/pull you with both hands close to him, then drive him through with the right hand high under his left arm on his right side. And grab him with the right on his chest and with the left in the hollow of his knee.	[113r.4] Ob dich ayner pey der hant pegreifft vnd wolt dich nebm~ sein ruchkñ mit seine~ paydñ henttñ vnd hat dich gefast peÿ der tenckñ hant vnd wolt dich ruckñ auff sein rechtew seytenn so laß dein rechtew hant võ obenn durch vber seine~ tenckenn arm in sein rechtew seÿtñ vnd vaß In In der wuegst mit der rechtñ hant vnd mit der tencken hant vall Im In ey~ knyepug	[105r.3] Aber ein ringen Ob dir einer mit paiden henden g begriff peÿ deiner lincken hant vnd wolt dich rucken auf sein rechte seitten so las dein rechte hant von oben durch vber sein lincken arm~ vnd far do mit vnd fass in in seiner rechten seitten mit der rechten hant vnd mit der lincken fal ÿm in ein knÿepüg ~	[92r.1] Aber ein Ringen Item ob dich einer bej einer hantt begriff vnd wolt dich übersich mit seinen beden henden vnd het dich gefast pei der lincken hant vnd wolt dich rucken auff sein rechte seitten so las dein rechte hant oben durch über sein lincken arm In sein rechte seitten vnd faß In ÿn der wüst mit der rechten hant vnd mit der lincken fall Im In ein kniepiegung	[124r.8] Ob dich ainer pey ainer hannt begreyffet vnd wolt dich nebenn sein ruckenn mit seinen paidn henndenn vnd hat er dich geuast bey der tennckenn hannd vnnd wolt dich rucken auf sein rechte seytenn so laß dein rechte hand vonn obenn durch vber sein tenncken arm In sein rechte seytenn vnd vasß in in der wüest mit der rechtenn hannd vnnd mit der tenncken val im / In sein // chnyepüg	[57r.3]	[124r.2] Item Ob dich eyner beÿ eyner hant begriff vnd wolt dich vber sich mit seyne~ beyde~ henden vnd het dich gefast bÿ der lincken hant von oben durch vber sin lincke arme In syn rechte~ site~ vnd vaß In In der wueste mit der rechte~ hant vnd mit der lincken wol vmb ÿm In ein knyepug ~	[79v.2] Aber ain ringen It~ ob dich aine~ bÿ ainer hand begrÿfft vñ dich neben sich rucken mitt sine~ baiden henden vnd hatt dich gefasst bÿ der [80r.1] lincken hand vñ wolt dich rucken vff sin rechte sÿtten So lauß din rechte hand oben durch sin lincken arm In sin rechte sÿtten vnd faß in in der bru~st mitt der rechten vñ mitt der tencken fall im in ain knÿbüg ~	[71r.3] Aber ein Ringen Itm~ Ob dich ainer peÿ ainer handt begreifft vnd wolt dich nebñ sich ruckñ mit seinen paidñ hendtñ / vnd hat dich gefast peÿ der linckñ handt / vnd wolt dich ruckñ auff sein rechte seÿttñ / So las dein rechte handt von obñ durch vber sein linckñ arm~ an sein rechte seyttñ / vnd faß in in der wust mit der rechtñ handt / vnd mit d° linckñ fall im in ain knyepug /		[142r.1] ein ringen ob dich ainer peir lincken mit Ob einer mit beden hennden, begreif dein lincke hannt und wilt dich rucken, auf sein rechte seitn, So lasß dein rechte hant vonn oben durch, yber seinen lincken arm, Und fasß in in seiner rechten seitn, mit deinr rechtn, Unnd mit deinr lincken, val im in ein kniebug,		[120v.2] Aber ainn Rinngen Item ob dich ainner Bey ainner hand begriff vnnd wollt dich vbersich ziechen. mit seinner baiden hennden. vnd hett dich gefasst bey der linncken hannd vnnd wollt dich rucken auf seinn rechten seitten. so lass dein rechten hannd oben durch vber seinen linncken Arm Inn sein rechten seitten vnnd fasz In Inn der wust. mit der Rechten hannd. vnnd mit der linncken fall Im Inn an Kniepugen.	[91v.4] Aber ein Rinngen. Item ob dich ainer bej ainer hannd begriffe, vnnd Wollte dich über sich ziehen, mit seinen beden hennde [92r.1] vnnd hette dich gefasst, bej der linnnggen hannd, vnd wollte dich rucken auf sein rechte seitten, so lasse dein rechte hannd oben durch, über seinen linnggen arm In sein rechte seitten, vnnd fasse in der wüeste, mit der rechten hannd, vnnd mit der linnggen, fall ime in ain kniebügen.	[297r.3] Alia Cum autem aliquis manum tuam corripuerit et manu utraque eam sustollere conetur, sinistramque adprehenderit, et in latus suum dextrum trahere moliatur, tum dextram manum superne brachio ipsius hostis sinistro traiicias in latus eius dextrum, costisque correptis manu dextra sinistra alterum poplitem corripito.	[104v.14] Alia Cum autem aliquis manum tuam corripuerit, et manum utraque eam sustollere conetur, sinistramque adprehenderit, et in latus suum dextrum trahere moliatur, tum dextram manum supernè brachio ipsius hostis sinistro traijcias, in latus eius dextrum, costisque correptis manu dextra, sinistra alterum poplitem corripito.
	[40] Another wrestling If someone grabs you by the chest with both arms, reach with your right arm over his left arm and press down on it. With your left hand push his right elbow and block his way with your left leg.	[40] The 6th Technique: ? If someone seizes you with both hands around the chest, then drive through high with the right hand over his left and grip him tightly. Go to seize his elbow with your left hand and lock with the right foot.	[113r.5] Vast dich ayner vorn pey der prust mit peid~ hend~ so var obm~ uber mit der rechtñ hant vber sein tencke vnd twing Im dy vnd mit der tenckñ hãt an sey~ rechtew seyten elbogñ vnd schrenck mit dem tencken fusß ~	[105r.4] Aber ein Ringen Ffast dich einer vorñ peÿ der prust mit paiden henden so far oben vber mit der rechten hant vber sein lincke vnd twing Im die vnd mit der lincken hant an sein rechten elpogen vnd schre~ck mit dem [105v.1] lincken fuess ~	[92r.2] Aber ein ringen Item vast dich einer vorn pej der prust mit beden henden So far oben über mit der rechten hant über sein lincke vnd zwing Im die vnd mit der lincken hant an sein rechten elenpogen vnd schrenck mit dem lincken fuß etc.	[124r.9] vast dich ainer vorn bey der prust mit paidenn hennden so var obenn vber mit der rechtn vber sein tencke vnd twing im die vnd mit der tennckenn in sein rechtn elpogenn vnd schrennck mit dem rechten fueß	[57r.4]	[124r.3] Item Vast dich eyner vorn bÿ der brust mit beyden hende~ So far oben vber mit der rechte~ vber sin lincke vnd zwing ym die / vnd mit der lincken hant an sin rechten elnbogen vnd schrenck mit dem lincken fuß ~	[80r.2] Aber ain Ringen Item fasst dich aine~ forne~ bÿ der brüst mitt baÿden henden So far oben durch mitt de~ recht~ über sin lincke hand vnnd zwing im die vñ mitt der lincken hand an sin elnbogen vñ schrenck mitt dem rechten fu°ß ~ ~ ~	[71r.4] Aber ain ringen Item~ Fast dich ainer vorñ peÿ der prust mit paidñ hendtñ So far obñ vber mit der rechtñ vber sein lincke vnd zwing [71v.1] Im die vnd mit der lincken hant an sein rechten elpogñ vnd schrenck mit dem linckñ fues		[142r.2] Aber ein ringen. Fast dich einer vorn bey der brust, mit beyden hennden, So var oben yber, mit deinnr rechten hannt, Yber sein lincke unnd zwinng im die, Unnd mit deinr lincken hant, nimb im die wag an seinem rechten ebogen, Und schrennckh mit dem linckhen vueß, wie hie .g[emalt].		[121r.1] Aber ainn Rinngen Item fast dich ainner Vornen. bey der prust. mit baiden hennden. So far oben vber mit der. rechten. hannd vber seinn linncke vnnd zwinng Im die vnnd mit der linncken hannd an sein Rechten Elnpogen vnnd schrenckh mit dem linncken fuosz.	[92r.2] Aber ain Rinngen. Item fasset dich ainer vornen bej der brust, mit beden hennden, So fare oben über mit der rechten hannde, über sein linngge, unnd zwinng ime die, vnnd mit der linnggen hannd an seinen rechten elenbogen, vnnd shrennck mit dem linnggen fuß.	[297v.1] Alia Si adversarius pectus tuum anterius adprehenderit utraque manu tunc dextram manum superiniicias ipsius sinistrae, eandemque coartes. Inde sinistram cubito ipsius dextro si applicaris, sinistro cancelles.	[104v.15] Alia. Si adversarius pectus tuum anterius adprehenderit utraque manu, tunc dextram manum superinijcias, ipsius sinistrae, eandemque coartes, inde sinistram cubito ipsius dextro si adplicaris, sinistro pede cancelles.	[41v.3] Page:Cgm 3712 041v.jpg
	[41] Counter to the barrier When someone attempts to do the barrier with the right arm on you, do the barrier with the left arm on him.	[41] The 7th Technique: Counter against the Arm-grip Defence against arm-grips: if someone places an arm-grip against you with their right hand, then place him in one with the left.	[113v.1] Wann dir ayner schrenckenn wil mit der rechtñ hant dem schrenck den mit der tenckenn	[105v.2] Ein pruch wider schrancken Wenn dir einer schrencken wil mit der rechten hant dem schrenck mit der linckñ	[92v.1] Wider die schrencken In armen ein bruch etc. Item Wann dir einer schrencken wil mit der rechten hant so schrenck Im wider mit der lincken.	[124r.10] wenn dir ainer schrencken wil mit der rechten hannd dem schrenck mit dem tennckenn	[57r.5]	[124r.4] Wider die schrenken In armen eyn bruch ~ Item Wan dir eyner schrencken will mit der rechten hant So schrenck Im wider mit der lincke~	[80r.3] Aber ain Ringen Item wider schrenck In armen ain bru~ch wann dir aine~ schrencken [80v.1] will mitt der rechten hand So screnck im mitt der lincken ~~	[71v.2] Wid° die vndter schranck In arm~ ein pruch Item Wen dir einer schrencken wil mit der rechten handt dem schrenck mit der linckñ		[142v.1] Widerß Schrenncken. Wann dir einer schrenncken will mit der rechten hannt, dem schrennckh mit der lincken.		[121r.2] Wider die schrencken Inn armen. Ainn pruch. Item wann dir ainer Schrencken will mit der Rechten hannd. so schrennckh Im wider mit der ~ Lincken	[92r.3] Wider die Schrenncken inn armen ein Bruch. Item wann dir ainer schrenncken will mit der rechten hannd, so schrennk ime wider mit der linngen.	[297v.2] Contra cancellationes per brachia factas destructio Si quis cancellare brachio dextro voluerit, tu e contra sinistra cancelles.	[104v.16] Contra cancellationes per brachia factas destructio. Si qu~is cancellare brachio dextro volverit, tu è contra sinistra cancelles.	[41v.4] Page:Cgm 3712 041v.jpg
	[42] Another wrestling Strike his arms away with both of your hands and grab him by the knee-bendings with both of your hands. Pull him towards you and hit him in the chest with your head so that he falls.	[42] The 8th Technique: Pulling Away Both Legs Rapidly go to seize with both hands, grab him with both hands in the knee-hollows, pull towards you, and punch him with the head against his chest, thus you will throw him backwards to the ground.	[113v.2] slag auß mit paydñ hentñ vnd vall Im mit peydenn hente~ in peÿden knyepug vnd czeuch czu dir vnd stos in mit dem hewpt obñ võ dir prust vnd wirff In czu ruck	[105v.3] Aber ein ringen Slach aus mit paiden henden vnd fall ÿm mit paiden henden in sein paide knÿepüg vnd zeuch zu° dir vnd stos in mit dem haubt oben für die prust so feltt er ~	[92v.2] Aber ein ringen Item slag auß mit beden henden vnd fall Im mit beden henden In die kniepiegung vnd zuck zu dir vnd stos In mit dem haubt vorn oben In die prust vnd würf In zu ruck.	[124r.11] schlach aus mit paiden henndn vnd fal im mit paidenn henndn In paid chnyepug vnd zeuch zu dir vnd stos in mit dem haubt oben fur die prüst vnnd wurff in zw ruck	[57r.6]	[124r.5] Item Schlag auß mit beyde~ hende~ vnd val Im mit beyden hende~ In die knyepug vñ zuck zu dir vnd stoß In mit dem haupt vorn oben in die prust vnd wurff In zu ruckñ	[80v.2] Aber ain Ringen It~ schlach vß mitt baÿde~ hende~ vnd fall mitt baÿde~ hende~ in baid knÿbüg vñ züch zu° dir vnd stoß in mitt dem kopff oben für die bru~st vñ wirff in zu° ruck	[71v.3] Aber ein Ringen Item Schlag aus mit paidñ hendtñ / vnd fall im mit peidñ hendtñ in pede knyepueg / vnd zeuch zu dir / vnd stos in mit dem haubt obñ fur die prust vnd wurff in zw ruck /		[142v.2] Hier ein ringen. Schlag auß mit baiden hennden, und vall im mit bedn hennden in sein bede kniebug, Unnd zeuch zu dir und stoß in mit dem haubt oben fur die brust. so velt er		[121v.1] Aber ainn Rinngen Item schlag ausz mit Baiden henden. vnd fall Im mit baiden hennden Inn die Kniepugen vnnd zuckh zu dir vnnd stosz Inn mit dem haupt vorn oben Inn die prust vnnd wirff Inn zuruckh.	[92r.4] Aber ain Rinngen. Item schlag auß mit beden hennden vnnd fall ime mit beden hennden in die Kniebügen . vnnd zucke [92v.1] zu dir, vnnd Stoss ime mit dem haubt vorn, oben in die brust, vnnd wirf ime zu ruck.	[297v.3-] Luctae aliud genus Cum excutiendo impetum hostilem utranque manum porrexeris, poplites ambos utrisque itidem manibus corripito, atque attrahito. Post si capite tuo pectus ipsius impuleris supinum prosternas.	[104v.17] Luctae aliud genus. Cum excutiendo impetum hostilem utranque manum porrexeris, poplites ambos utrisque itidem manibus corripito, atque adrahito, post [105r.1] si capite tuo pectus ipsius impuleris, supinum prosternas.	[41v.5] Page:Cgm 3712 041v.jpg
	[43] This is how you counter it Grab him around the neck from above and around the shoulders and lie down on him. Step far back with your legs so that he will be unable to gain a hold on them, and this is how you press him to the ground.	[43] Counter-grip against the 8th Technique Grab him from above through the armpits to the neck, and lay yourself rapidly against him. Step back with both feet, so that he cannot seize you, and press him to the ground.	[113v.3] Vaß in obm~ beÿ dem hals vnter dem uchßenn vnd leg dich vast obm~ auff in vnd tritt wol cze ruck mit den fueßenn das er dir kayne~ begreiffñ mag so druckest du In nider Zu der erdenn	[105v.4] Also prich das Ffass in oben peÿ dem hals vnder dem vchsen vnd leg dich vast oben auf in vnd trit wol zu° ruck mit den füessen dar vmb das er dir kainen begreiff so druckstu in zu° der erden ~	[92v.3] Ein pruch Item faß In oben pej dem hals vnter dem üchsen vnd leg dich vast oben auf in vnd dritt wol zu ruck mit den füssen das er dir keinen begreiffen mag So truckestu In zu der erden.	[124r.12] also prich das vas in obenn bey dem hals vnder dem vechsenn vnnd leg dich vast obenn auf in vnd trit wol zeruck mit denn füessenn das er chainen ge greyffenn mag so druckst dw in zw der erdenn	[57r.7]	[124r.6] Item Vaß In oben bÿ dem hals vnter den vchßen vnd leg dich vast oben vff In vnd tritt woll zu ruck mit den fu°sßen daß er dir keyne~ begriffen mag so trueckest In zu der erdenn ~	[80v.3] Ain bruch wide~ daß Ringen Item also brich daß Faß in oben bÿ dem halß vnder den ÿechsen vñ leg dich fast oben vff in / vñ tritt wol zu° ruck mitt den füssen dz dir kaine~ begrÿffen müg So truckst du in zu° der erden ~	[71v.4] Also prich das Faß in oben peÿ dem hals vndter dem vchsen / vnd leg dich vast oben auff dich In / vnd tritt wol zu rück mit den fuessen das er dir kainen begreiffñ mag so druckst du in zu der erdñ		[143r.1] Also brich daß· Faß in oben bey dem halß, unnder dem ygsen unnd leg dich fast, oben auf in, unnd trit wol zuruckh, darumb daß er dir kein begreif, so truckst in zur erdn, wie im vorgendrige: ☜		[121v.2] Ainn pruch Item fasz In oben Bey dem hals vnder der vchsen. vnnd leg dich fast oben auf In vnnd trit wol zuruckh mit. den fuessen. das er dir kainnen begreyffen mag. so truckhstu In zu der ~ Erden.	[92v.2] Ein Bruch. Item fass ime oben bej dem halß, vnndter der üchsen, vnnd lege dich fasst oben auf ime, vnnd trit wol zu ruck, mit den füssen, das er dir kainen begreiffen Mag, So druckstu ime zur erden.	[297v.4] Destructio Hostem iuxta collum sub axilla adprehendito, atque te superne [298r.1] proxime ita ut eum oneres adiungito. Inde si retrorsum recesseris utrisque pedibus ne eos corripere possit adversarius, deorsum hostem deprimes.	[105r.2] Destructio. Hostem iuxta collum sub axilla adpraehendito, atque te superne proxime ita ut eum oneres, adiungito, inde si retrorsum recesseris u~trisque pedibus, ne eos corripere possit adversarius, deorsum hostem deprimes.	[42r.1] Page:Cgm 3712 042r.jpg
	[44] Another wrestling If he stands with his right leg forward, pull his right arm with your left hand, kick him in the ankle of his right leg with your left leg, and throw him to the ground.	[44] The 9th Technique: Forcing-down If he puts his right foot forward, then pull him with the left hand on his right arm. And punch him to the ankle of his right foot, and press him down.	[113v.4] Ob er den rechtñ fueß furseczt so zeuch In mit der tenckñ hãt peÿ seiner rechtñ hant vnd slag Im an den encklñ seines rechtn fueß vnd ruck In nider	[105v.5] Aber ein ringen Ob er den rechten fues vor setzt so zeuch in mit der lincken hant peÿ seiner rechten vnd slach in mit dem lincken fuess nÿden an den enckel seins rechten fuess vnd ruck in also nÿder	[93r.1] Aber ein Ringen. Item ob er den rechten fuß fürsetzet So zuck In mit der lincken hant pej seiner rechten vnd slag In an den enckel seins rechten fusses mit deinem lincken fuß vnd ruck In nÿder etc.	[124r.13] Ob er denn rechtn fues fur seczt so zeuch in mit der tenncken hand bey seiner rechtenn hannd vnd slach in ann den ennckel seins rechtn fueß mit dem tenckenn vnd ruck in nyder	[57v.1]	[124v.1] Item Ob er den rechten fuß Setzett So zuck yn mit der lincken hant by syner rechte~ vnd schlag In an den enckell sines rechten fuß mit dynem lincken fuß vnd truck In nider	[80v.4] Aber ain ringen Item ob er den rechten fu°ß fürseczt [81r.1] so züch in mitt der lincken hand bÿ sÿner rechten hand / vñ schlag In an den henckel sines rechten fu°ß vñ truck in nider	[71v.5] Aber ein ringen Itm~ Ob er den rechtñ fues fur setzt zeuch in mit der linckñ hant pey seiner rechtñ handt vnd schlag in an den engkel seins rechtñ fues mit deine~ linckñ linckñ [!] fues vnd ruck in nÿder		[143r.2] aber ein ringn Ob er den rechtn fueß vorsetz, so zeuch wie mit deinr lincken hant bey sein rechtn hannt, Unnd schlag im mit deynem linckn fueß niden an denn ennkhl, seinß rechtn fueß, und ruck in also nider,		[122r.1] Aber ainn Rinngen Item ob er den rechten fuosz fursetzt. So ruckh In mit der linncken hannd bey seinner Rechten hannd. vnnd schlag In ann den Ennckel seinnes rechten fuosz mit deinnem linncken fuosz vnnd ruckh In nider.	[92v.3] Aber ain Rinngen. Item ob er den rechten fuß für setzt, so ruck ime mit der linnggen hannd, bej seiner rechten hann, vnnd schlag ine an den schennckel seins rechten fuß mit deinem linnggen fuss, vnnd ruck ime nider,	[298r.2] Lucta Si adversarius dextrum pedem preposuerit, correpta sinistra manu eius dextra pede tuo sinistro nodum pedis ipsius dextri concutito, atque ea ratione supprimas,	[105r.3] Lucta. Si adversarius dextrum pedem praeposuerit, correpta sinistra manu, eius dextra, pede tuo sinistro, nodum pedis ipsius dextri concutito, atque ea ratione supprimas,	[42r.2] Page:Cgm 3712 042r.jpg
	[45]  Or you can—in addition to the kick—use your right hand to hit him in the throat and throw him onto his back.	[45]  Or drive him with the right hand at the throat and press him over backwards.	[113v.5] oder vall Im mit der rechtñ hant in dy chel vnd truck In vber ruck	[105v.6] Oder fall im mit der rechtñ hant mit aus slachen des fuess in die kel vnd druck in vber ruck ~	[93r.2] Oder fall Im zu der rechten hant In die kelen vnd truck In über rucke.	[124r.14] oder val im mit der rechtn hannd in die chel vnd druck in vber ruckh	[57v.2]	[124v.2] Item Oder val Im mit der rechten hant in die kellenn vnd truck yn aber zu ruck	[81r.2] Oder fall im mitt der rechten hand in die kel kel vñ truck in über Ruck ~	[71v.6] Item Oder fall fall [!] im mit der rechtñ hant in die kel vnd druck in vber ruck		[143r.3] Oder fall ime mit ausschlahen deß fueß in die kell, wie hie ge[malt]: unnd druckh in yber ruckß,		[122r.2] oder fall Im zu der rechten hannd Inn die kelen. vnnd truckh In vberrucke.	[92v.4] oder fall Ime zu der rechten hannd, in die keelen, unnd druck in über ruck.	[298r.3] vel dextram gutturi ipsius iniicias et retrorsum hostem propellas.	[105r.4] vel dextram, gutturi ipsius inijcias, et retrorsum hostem propellas.	[42r.3] Page:Cgm 3712 042r.jpg
	[46] Another wrestling If he holds you loosely by the arms, reach with your left hand towards his right hand and grab him by the fingers. Hit him with the right hand and then grab him by the body under his right arm. Use your left hand to grab him by the bending of his knee.	[46] The 10th Technique: ? If someone holds you only at the arms, then seize his right hand with your left hand and hold him with your reversed/rotated hand. Grip him tightly, and strike high with your right hand. Drive him through under his right arm and grab him around the chest. With the left, seize his knee-hollows. (?)	[113v.6] Helt dich einer laß peÿ den arme~ so greiff mit deine te~ckñ hant nach seiner rechtñ vnd pegreiff In beÿ den vingñ vnd halt In vest vnd slach auff mit dein° rechtñ vnd var Im durch vnder seim rechtñ arm vnd vach In In der wuegst vnd mit der tenckñ In ey~ knyepug	[105v.7] Aber ein ringen Helt dich einer loß peÿ den armen so greif mit dein° lincken hant nach sein° rechten vnd begreif ÿn peÿ den fingerñ vnd hald in fest vnd slach auf mit deiner rechten vnd far im durch vnder seine~ rechtñ arm~ [106r.1] vnd fach in In der wüst vnd mit der lincken in einer knÿepüg ~	[93r.3] Aber ein ringen Item hebt dich einer los pej den armen So greif mit deiner lincken hant nach seiner rechten nd begreiff Im die vinger vnd halt In vast Vnd slag auf mit deiner rechten vnd far Im durch vntter seinen arm vnd faß In ÿn der wüst mit der lincken In ein kniepiegung	[124r.15] Helt dich ainer los pey dem armen so greyff mit deiner tenncken hand nach seiner rechtn vnd begreyff in bey denn fingern vnnd halt in vest vnnd slach auf mit deinem rechten vnd far Im durch vnder seinen rechtn arm vnd fach In in die wüest vnnd mit der tennckenn In sein chnyepug	[57v.3]	[124v.3] Item Hept dich eyner loße bÿ den armen So griff mit diner lincken hant nach syner rechtenn vnd begriff Im die finger vnd halt in fast vnd schla auff mit dem rechte~ vnd far Im durch vnter syne~ rechtenn arm vñ faß in In die wüste vnd mit der lincken in ein knyepu°g ~	[81r.3] Aber ain ringen It~ halt dich aine~ bloß bÿ dine~ armen So griff mitt der lincken hand nach sine~ recht~ vnd begriff In bÿ sine~ vmgernn Vñ halt in fast vast Vñ schlag vff mitt dine~ rechten vnd far im durch vnde~n sinem rechte~ arm vñ fach in In der bru~st mitt der lincken In ain knÿbüg	[71v.7] Aber ein ringñ Item Helt dich ainer los peÿ den armen / so greiff mit deiner linckñ hant nach seiner rechtñ / vnd begreiff [72r.1] In peÿ den fingern / vnd halt in vest / vnd schlag auff mit deiner rechtñ / vnd far Im durch vndt° seinen rechtñ arm~ / vnd fach in in der wust / vnd mit der linckñ in ein knye pueg /		[143v.1] Aber ein ringen: Helt dich einnr loß, bey den armen, so begreif mit deinr lincken sein rechte hannt beyn fingern, und schlag auf mit deiner rechtn, unnd far im durch, unnder sein rechtn arm, und fasß in in der wuesßt, unnd mit der lincken in einr kniepug,		[122r.3] Aber ainn Rinngen Item hebt dich ainner Losz bey den armen. so greiff mit deinner linncken hannd nach seinner rechten. vnnd begreiff Im die finnger. vnnd hallt In vast. vnnd schlag auf mit deinner rechten. vnnd far Im durch vnnder seinnen Arm. vnd fasz In Inn der wust. mit der linncken Inn ain kniepugen.	[92v.5] Aber ein Rinngen. Item hebt dich ainer loß bej den armern, So greif mit deiner linnggen hannd, nach seiner rechten, vnnd begreif ime die finnger, vnnd hallt ine fasst, vnnd schlag auf mit deiner rechten, vnnd fare ime durch, vnndter seinen arm, vnnd fasst ine in der wüste, mit der ling= [93r.1] gen in ain Kniebügen.	[298r.4] Alia forma luctae Si fueris leviter ab hoste correptus iuxta brachia, tum manu sinistra ipsius dextram adprehendito, digitosque corripito, sed firmiter teneas. Inde dextra sublata eam brachio ipsius subiicias atque costis eadem correptis sinistra alterum eius poplitem corripito.	[105r.5] Alie forma luctae. Si fueris leviter ab hoste correptus iuxta brachia, tum manu sinistra, ipsius dextram adprehendito, digitosque corripito, sed firmiter teneas, inde dextra sublata, eam brachio ipsius subijcias, atque costis eadem correptis, sinistra alterum eius poplitem corripito.	[42r.4] Page:Cgm 3712 042r.jpg
	[47] Another wrestling If someone grabs you around your waist from behind, lower yourself and when he tries to pull you up turn around to throw him over the barrier.	[47] The 11th Technique: Counter against the Belt-Grip If someone grabs you at the belt from behind, then let yourself sink down. If he tries to lift you up, turn yourself around against him, and throw him over a barrier.	[113v.7] Vast dich ainer hinttenn beÿ der guertel so swar dich nyder vnd wenn er dich erhebt so dree dich vmb vnd° Im vnd wurff In vber schranck	[106r.2] Aber ein ringen Ffast dich einer hinden peÿ der gurtel so senck dich nÿder vñ wenn er dich erhebt so drä dich vmb vnder Im vnd würf in vb° schranck	[93r.4] Aber ein ringen Item fasset dich einer hinden pej [93v.1] der gürttel So sencke dich nÿder vnd wann er dich erhebt So wend dich vmb vntter Im vnd würff über rucke.	[124v.1] Wenn dich ainer hinten bey der gürtl vast so sennck dich nyder vnd wenn er dich erhebt so drä dich vmb vnnder Im vnnd wurff in vber schranck	[57v.4]	[124v.4] Item Vasset dich eyner hinden by der gurtell so senck dich nider vnd wen er dich erhebett so dre dich vmb vnter Im vnd wurff In vber rueck ~	[81r.4] Aber ain ringen [81v.1] Item fast dich aine~ hinde~ bÿ der gürtel So truck dich nider / vñ er dich erhöpt So wend vmb vnder im vñ wirff in über schranckn etc	[72r.2] Aber ain ringen Item / Fast dich ainer hindtñ pey der grutl so senck dich nÿder / vnd wen er dich erhebt so dree dich vmb vndter im / vnd wirff in vber schranck		[143v.2] ein ringen, Fasst dich einner hinnten bez der gurtl, so senckh dich nider unnd wenn er dich erhebt, so dra dich umb hinnter im unnd wirf in yber schranckh,		[122v.1] Aber ainn Rinngen Item fasset dich ainner hinden bey der gurtel so senncke dich nider. vnnd wann Er dich er hept. so wend dich vmb vnnder Ime vnnd wirff In vber rucke.	[93r.2] Aber ein Rinngen. Item Fasst dich ainer hinnden bej der gürtel, so sennk dich nider, vnnd wann er dich erhebt, so wende dich vmb, vnndter ime, vnnd wirf ine über ruck.	[298r.5] Aliud luctae genus Quum quispiam cingulum retrorsum tibi corripuerit, tunc [298v.1] paululum te submittere non dubites, si igitur is te sublevarit, ete sub hoste si converteris, prosternas.	[105r.6] Aliud Luctae genus. Quum quispiam cingulum retrorsum tibi corripuerit, tu~nc paululum te submittere non dubites, Si igitur is te sublevarit, te sub hoste si converteris, prosternas.	[42r.5] Page:Cgm 3712 042r.jpg
	[48] Another wrestling Grab him by the waist above his hip with your right hand, reach with your left hand from above across his right shoulder and grab him by the wrist of his right arm. Grip him firmly and lift him up. Use your right knee to lift his left knee and throw him in front of you.	[48] The 12th Technique: Throw Go through with the right hand and seize him above the hip on his side. Drive above with the left hand through his right shoulder and grab his right hand at the joint. (?) Grip it tightly, and lift him up. And with your right hand lift his left knee, and throw him before you.	[113v.8] Gee mit der rechtñ hant durch vnd vach In obhalb der huff in der waych vnd vor mit der tencke~ hãt obm~ vber sey~ rechtew achßseln vnd vach denn dein rechtew [114r.1] hant im gelenchk vnd halt dye vest vnd heb In auff vnd mit den rechtñ knÿe// erheb Im sein tencks knye //vnd wirff In fur dich	[106r.3] Aber ein ringen Gee mit der rechten hant durch vnd fach in oberhalb der hüff in der waich vnd far mit der lincken hant oben vber sein rechte achsel vnd fach dein rechte hant Im gelenck vnd halt die fest vnd heb in auf vnd mit deine~ rechten knÿe erheb ÿm sein lincks knÿe vñ würf in für dich ~	[93v.2] Aber ein ringen. Item gee mit der rechten hant durch vnd slag In oberhalb der hüff In der waich vnd far mit der lincken hant oben über sein rechte achseln vnd slag dann dein rechte hant Im gelencke vnd halt die veste vnd heb In auff vnd mit deinem rechten knie erheb Im sein lienckes knie vnd würff In für dich etc.	[124v.2] ge mitt der rechtenn hannd durch vnd fach in oberhalb der hüff in der waich vnnd far im mit der tenncken hannd vber sein rechte achsel vnnd fach dan dein rechte hannd Im glennck vnd halt die vest vnd heb in auf vnd mit deinem rechten chnye erheb im sein tenncks chnye vnnd wurff in fur dich	[57v.5]	[124v.5] Item gee mit der rechten hant durch vnd schlag In oberthalb in der hueff In der weich vnd far mit der linckenn hant oben vber syn rechte achßell vnd schlag dan din rechte hant Im glenck vnd halt die veste vnd hebe Im syn linckes knye vnd wurff yn fur dich	[81v.2] Aber ain ringen Item gee mitt der rechten hannd durch vñ fach in oberhalb der hu~ff in der waiche vñ far mitt de~ lincken hand oben durch sin rechte~ v°chsen Vñ fach den din rechte hand Im glenck vñ halt die föst vñ heb in vff vñ mitt dine~ recht~ arm erheb im sin lincke knÿ vñ wirff in für dich ~~	[72r.3] Aber ain ringen Item / gee mit der rechtñ handt durch / vnd fach in ober halb der huff in der waich / vnd far mit d° lincken handt oben vber sein rechte achsl / vnd fach den dein rechte hant im glenck / vnd halt dich vest / vnd heb in auff / vnd mit deine~ rechtñ knye er heb im sein linckes knye vnd wurff in fur dich		[143v.3] Aber einß Gee im mit der rechtn hannt durch, Unnd fach in oberhalb der huf, in der waich, unnd var im mit der linckhn hannt, oben yber sein rechte achsl, unnd fach dein linckhe rechte hannt im glennckh, unnd halt die vesst, unnd heb in auf, Unnd mit deinem rechten khnie, erheb im sein linnckß knie, Und wurf in fur dich,		[122v.2] Aber ain Rinngen Item gee mit der Rechten hannd durch vnnd. schlag In oberhalb der huffe. Inn der waich. vnnd far mit der Linncken hannd oben vber sein rechten Achslen vnnd schlag dann dein rechte hannd Inn gelennckh. vnnd halte die Veest vnnd heb In auf vnnd mit deinnem Rechten knie erheb Im sein linnckes knie vnnd wirff ~ In fur dich.	[93r.3] Aber ein Rinngen. Item Gee mit der rechten hannd durch, unnd schlag ine oberhalb der hüfft, in der waich, unnd farr mit der linnggen hannd oben über sein rechte achsel, unnd schlag dann dein rechte hannd und gelenngk, und halt fesst, unnd hebe ine auf, unnd mit deinem rechten knie, erheb ine sein linngges knie, unnd wirf ine für dich.	[298v.2] Alia Dextram manum transmittere memineris, atque supra coxam in ipsius ilia inciicias, sinistram autem manum humero ipsius dextro superiniicias. Inde dextram in ipsa iunctura adiicias, firmiterque eam contineas, post subleves. Inde vero genu dextro hostis genu sinistrum si urseris, pronum sternas adversarium.	[105r.7] Alia Dextram manum transmittere memineris, atque supra coxam in ipsius Ilia inijcias, sinstram autem manum humeri ipsius dextro superinijcias, inde dextram in ipsa iunctura adijcias, firmiterque eam contineas, pòst subleves, inde vero genu dextro, hostis genu sinistrum si u~rseris, pronum sternas adversarium.
	[49] Another wrestling Grip his right arm with both of your hands and pull him to your right side. Step behind his right leg with your right leg, use your right hand to reach to his left side, and throw him over your right hip.	[49] The 13th Technique: Throw over the Leg Seize his left hand with both hands and pull him onto your right side. And step with your right foot behind his right foot, drive him with your right arm to his left side and throw him over your right leg.		[106r.4] Aber ein ringen Begreiff ÿm sein rechte hant mit paidñ henden vnd ruck in auf dein rechte seittñ vnd schreit mit deine~ rechten fuess hinder seinen rechten vnd far im mit dem rechtñ arm~ in sein lincke seitten vnd würf In vber dein rechte hüf	[93v.3] Aber ein ringen Item begreiff Im sein rechte hant mit deinen beden henden vnde [94r.1] zuck In auff die rechten seitten vnd schreitt mit deinem rechten fuß hintter seinen rechten vnd far Im mit dem rechten arm In sein lincke seitten vnd würff In über dein rechte hüffe etc.	[124v.3] begreyff im sein rechte hand mit paidn hennden vnd zuck in für dein rechte seytenn vnd schreyt mit deinem rechtenn füeß hinder seinenn rechtn vnnd far im mit dem rechten arm in sein tenncke seytenn vnd würff in vber dein rechte huff	[57v.6]	[125r.1] Item Begrieff Im Sin rechte hant mit den beÿde~ henden vnd zuck yn auff die rechte syten vñ schritt mit dine~ rechte~ fuß hinder siner rechten vnd far im mit s dem rechte~ arm In syn lincke siten vnd wurff yn vber syn rechte huff ~	[81v.3] Aber ain ringen Item begrÿff im sin lincke hand mitt baiden henden vñ zeüch in vff din rechte sÿtten vnd [81ar.1] schrÿt mitt dine~ rechte~ fu°ß hinde~ sin rechten / vñ far im mitt dem rechten arm In sin lincke sÿtten vñ würff in über dein recht~ fu°ß ~ ~ ~ ~ :· ~ ~ :~			[143v.4] Aber ein ringen Begreif im sein rechte hannt, mit beden hennden, unnd Druckh in auf dein rechte seiten, Unnd schreit mit deinem [144r.1] deinem rechtn fueß, hinter seinen rechten, unnd far mit dem rechten arm in sein lincke seitn, Unnd Wurf in yber dein rechte huf, wie hie ge[malt]:	[94b-1] Den heb an zu ringen, vnd begreiff, Im am ersten sein Linckhe handt, mit beden henden, vnd zeuch In auf dein rechte seytten, vnnd schreit mit deinem rechtn fueß hinder sein rechtn fueß, vnnd far Ime mit dein rechtn arm In sein linckhe seytten, vnd wirff Iñ vber dein rechtn fueß etc.	[123r.1] Aber ainn Rinngen Item begreyff Im sein Rechten hannd mit deinnen baiden hennden vnnd zuckh In auf die rechten seitten. vnnd schreit mit deinnem Rechten fuosz hinnder seinnen rechten vnnd far Im mit dem rechten arm Inn sein linncken seitten vnnd wirff In vber dein rechte huff	[93r.4] Aber ein Rinngen. Item Begreif ime sein rechte hannd mit deinen beden hennden, vnnd zuck ine auf die rechte seitten, mit deinen rechten fusse, hinndter seinen rechten, vnnd fare ime mit dem rechten arm, im sein linngge seitten, vnd wirf ime über sein rechte hüfft.	[298v.3] Alia Hostis dextram manum utraque manu tua corripito, et in latus dextrum pertrahas. Inde dextrum pedem ipsius sinistro itidem dextro postponas. Post, si brachium dextrum lateri hostis sinistro inieceris, per coxam dextram hostem tuum praecipites.	[105r.8] Alia. Hostis dextram manum, utraque manu tua corripito, et in latus dextrum pertrahas, inde dextrum pedem ipsius sinistro itidem dextro postponas, pòst si brachium dextrum lateri hostis sinistro inieceris, per coxam dextram hostem tuum praecipites.	[42r.6] Page:Cgm 3712 042r.jpg
	[50] Another wrestling When someone goes with both hands under your arms, reach downwards with your arms from the outside under his elbows and clasp your hands together. Forcefully lift his arms up and break them.	[50] The 14th Technique: Double Stretched Arm-grip If he wants to grab you with both arms under your shoulders, then drive down also with both arms from outside, under his elbows; and interlock your arms under his elbows, and tear/pull upwards with strength. Thus you break his arms.	[114r.2] Wenn dir ainer mit seine~ paydenn arme~ wil varn vndt° day~ payd arm aussñ vnder sein elbogenn vnd sleuß dey~ arm czu sam vndt° sein elbogñ vnd heb mit sterck vber sich vnd prich Im dye arm	[106r.5] Aber ein ringen Wenn dir einer mit seinen paiden armen fert vnder dein paide arm~ So far von oben nÿder mit deinen armen aussen vnder sein elpogen vnd schleus dein arm~ zu° sam~en vnder seinen elpogen vñ heb mit sterck vbersich vñ prich im die arm~	[94r.2] Aber eins. Item Wann dir einer mit seinen beden armen will farn vntter dein bede arme So far von oben nider mit deinen beden armen aussen vntter sein elenpogen, vnd sleuß dein arm zusammen vntter sein elenpogen vnd heb mit sterck übersich vnd prich Im die arm.	[124v.4] wenn dir ainer wil farenn mit paiden armen vber dein paid arm so far von obenn nyder mit deinen paiden armen ausenn vnder seinen elpogenn vnnd schlach dein arm zw samen vnder seinem elpogenn vnd heb mit sterck vbersich vnnd prich im die arm	[58r.1]	[125r.2] Item Wan dir eyner mit synen beyden armen Wil faren vnder din bede arm So far von obenn nider mit dinen beyden armen aussen vnderr syn elnbgen vnd heb mit sterck vbersich vnd pruch Im die arm ~	[81ar.2] Aber ain ringen It~ wann dir aber aine~ mitt baiden arme~ will vnder faren vnder dine baid arm So far von oben nider mitt dine~ baide~ armen vssen vnder sin elnboge~ vnd schlüsß din arm zesamen vnder sin elnboge~ vñ heb mitt störcke übersich vñ brich im die/arm	[72r.4] Aber ain ringen Item / Wen dir ainer mit seine~ paidñ arme~ wil farñ vndter dein paide arm~ / sof far von oben nÿder mit deine~ paidñ armen aussen vndter sein elpogñ vnd schleuß dein arm zu samen / vnd hib dich mit sterck vbersich / vnd prich im die arm~ /		[144v.1] Ein Rinngen:· Wenn dir einer mit seinen beidn armen fert unnder deinne bed arm, so var von oben nider mit deinen armen, aussen unnder sein elbogen, Unnd schleuß deine arm zusamen, unnder seinen elbogen, Unnd heb mit sterckh ybersich, unnd brich im die arm, Wie hie gemalt ist,	[94b-2] Das ander Ringen. [95a-1] Wenn dich ainer mit peden arm vmbfär hatt vndter dein peyde arm, so fach In niden an mit beyden armen, ausserhalb seines elnpogen vnd schleuß dein arm zusamē, vnd[er] sein Elpogen, vnd hebe, mit sterckhe, vbersich vnd prich Jme den arm.	[123r.2] Aber ainns Item wann dir ainner Mit seinnen baiden armen will faren vnnder deinne baide Arm. so far. vonn oben wider. mit deinnen baiden armen aussen. vnnder seinnen Elennpogen. vnnd schleusz dem arm zu. seinnem vnnder seinn elenpogen. vnnd heb mit sterckh vbersich vnnd prich Im den ~ Arm.	[93v.1] Aber ains. Item Wann dir ainer mit seinen beden hennden oder armen, will faren, vnndter deine bede arme, so fare von oben mit deinen beden armen, aussen vnndter seinen elenbogen, vnnd schleuß deine arm zusammmen vnndter seinen elenbogen, vnd hebt mit sterck über sich vnd brich ime die arm.	[299r.1] Alia Si quispiam brachium utrunque tuis itidem utrisque subiicere conabitur, tum de superne rursum brachia utraque externe cubitis ipsius hostis supponas, atque sub cubitis brachia tua concludas. Inde si sustuleris, brachia eius disrumpas.	[105r.9] Alia. Si quispiam brachium utrumque tu~is itidem utrisque subijcere conabitur, tum de supernè rursum brachia utraque externè cubitis ipsius hostis supponas, atque sub cubitis brachia tua concludas, inde si sustuleris, brachia eius disrumpas.	[42v.1] Page:Cgm 3712 042v.jpg
	[51]  When he has his arms under yours, you can also strike him in the throat and push him back.	[51]  You can also grab him around the throat and push him away.		[106r.6] Auch magstu im fallen in die kel wenn er die arm~ vnden hat vñ zu° ruck druckñ	[94r.3] Item Auch magstu Im fallen In die kelen vnd Im zu dem ruck drucken.	[124v.5] Auch magstu im vallenn In die chel vnnd in zw ruck druckenn	[58r.2]	[125r.3] Itm~ auch machstu Im vallen in die kellen vnd in zu ruck truckenn	[81ar.3] It~ Och magstu im in die kel fallen vñ in zu° ruck trucken ~~~	[72r.5] Item Auch magstu im fallñ in die keel vnd in zu ruck trucken /		[144v.2] Nota Auch magstu im vallen ine die kell, wenn er die arm unndn hat,		[123r.3] Auch magstu Im fallen Inn die Kelen vnnd zu Ruckh trucken	[93v.2] ~Auch magst du im fallen in die keelen vnnd zuruck drucken.	[299r.2] Poteris etiam gutture correpto retrorsum hostem pellere.	[105r.10] Poteris etiam gutture correpto retrorsum hostem pellere.	[42v.2] Page:Cgm 3712 042v.jpg
	[52] Another wrestling When someone holds you with his arms under yours, you can grab him by the throat or chin above and twist his neck back. Or you must reach with your arms under his arms.	[52] The 15th Technique: The Nape of the Neck Grip If you are high with your arms, then you can grab him high by the throat or the cheeks, and break his neck over the back. Or you must drive through with your arms under his arms.		[106v.1] Aber ein ringen Wenn du vnden pist mit den armen So magstu in oben fassen pey der kel oder peÿ den kinpacken vnd ÿm den hals wol vber den ruck prechen oder du müest wol mit deinen armen durch sein arm~ farñ ~	[94v.1] Aber ein Ringen. Item Wann du vnden pist mit den armen So magstu In oben fassen bej der kel oder pej dem kinpacken vnd Im den hals wol über ruck prechen Aber du must wol mit den armen durch sein arm faren.	[124v.6] Wenn dw vndenn pist mit deinen armenn so magstu in obenn vassenn bey der chel oder bey dem chinpacken vnnd im den hals wol vber denn ruck druckenn oder brechenn oder dw magst wol mit deinen armen durch die sein farnn	[58r.3]	[125r.4] Item Wan du vnten bist mit den Armen So magstu In obenn vassen by der kellenn oder by dem kinbacken vnd Im den hals wol vber ruck brechen Aber du müst wol mit den armen durch syn arm varenn	[81av.1] Item aber ain ringen It~ wann du vnden bist mitt dine~ armen So magst du in oben fassen bÿ der kelen oder bÿ dem kÿnbacken vñ im den halß wol uibe über den ru~cken brechen Ode~ du mu°st wol mitt dine~ armen durch sin arm faren ~~~:·	[72v.1] Aber ain ringen Item Wen du vndtñ pist /gefast/ mit seine~ arm~ / so magstu in oben fassen pey der keel / oder peÿ dem kinpacken / vnd den hals im wol vber denn ruck prechñ / oder du must wol mit deinen arme~ durch sein arm~ farñ /		[144v.3] ☞ unnd zu ruckh drucken, aber Wann du unndn bist mit den armen so magst in oben fassn beyr kell, oder beym kinpacken, und im den halß woll yber den ruckn brechen, oder du must wol mit deinen armen, durch sein arm faren,	[95a-2] Das .3. Ringen. [95b-1] Item wenn dw Oben bist, mit deinē peden arm so magstu, in oben, pey der khell fassen, oder pey dem khinpackhen, vnd Jme den hals vmbreiben oder vber den ruckhen, prechen, aber dw muest, woll mit, dein arm durch sein arm faren.	[123v.1] Aber ainn Rinngen Item wann du vnnden Bist. mit den armen so magstu In oben fassen bey der keelen oder bey dem kinpacken. vnnd Im den hals wol vberruckh prechen. Aber du must wol. mit den armen. durch seine arm farn.	[93v.3] Aber ain Rinngen. Item wann du unnden bist mit den Armen, So magstu ine oben fassen bei der keelen, oder bei dem kinbacken, und ime den hals wol überruck brechen, Aber du must wol mit den armen, durch sein arm farn.	[299r.3] Alia Si inferne brachia tua consistant, guttur adversarii corripere quibis vel maxillam, nec non collum retrorsum pro viribus urgeas, sed diligenter curabis ut brachia tua acurate brachiis ipsius hostis transmittas.	[105r.11] Alia Si infernè brachia tua consistant, guttur adversarij corripere quibis, vel maxillam, nec non collum retrorsum pro v~iribus urgeas, sed diligenter curabis, ut brachia tua acuratè brachijs ipsius hostis transmittas.	[42v.3] Page:Cgm 3712 042v.jpg
	[53] Another wrestling If you have your left arm under, grab him by the throat with your right hand, step with your left leg behind his right leg and push him over it.	[53] The 16th Technique: Throw over the Leg If you have your left arm down, then drive him with the right against his throat, and step with the left foot behind him, and press him at the neck over it.	[114r.3] Pistu mit dem tenckenn arm vntñ so val Im mit dem rechtñ In dye chel vnd schreÿt mit seine~ tenckñ fueß hind° sein den rechtñ vnd druck In dar vber pey dem hals	[106v.2] Aber ein ringen Pistu mit dem lincken arm~ vnden so fal ÿm mit dem rechten in die kel vnd schreit mit dem lincken fuess hinder sein rechten vñ druck in peÿ dem hals dar vber ~	[94v.2] Aber eins Item pistu mit dem lincken arm vnden so fall Im mit der rechten In die kelen Vnd schreitt mit dem lincken fuß hintter seinen rechten vnd druck In darüber bej dem hals.	[124v.7] Wenn dw mit deinem tenncken arm vndenn pist so val im mit dem rechten in die chel vnnd schreyt mit deinem rechtenn fueß hinder seinen rechtn vnnd druck in vber bey dem hals	[58r.4]	[125r.5] Ein anders Item Bistu mit dem lincken arm vnten so vall Im mit der rechten In die kellen vnd schritt mit dinem lincken fuß hinder sinen rechten vnd truck In dar vber by dem hals ~	[81av.2] Aber ain ringen Item bist du mitt denn lincken arm vnder So fall im mitt dem rechten in die kel vñ schrÿtt mitt dem lincken fu°ß hinde~sich vnd truck in dar über bÿ dem halß	[72v.2] Aber ain ringen Item pistu mit dem lincken arm~ vndteñ / so fall im mit dem rechtñ in die keel / vnd schreitt mit dem linckñ fueß hindter sein rechtñ / vnd druch in darvber peÿ de~ hals		[145r.1] ein Ringen ~· Bistu mit dem lincken arm unnden, so vall im mit dem rechten in die kell, unnd schreidt mit dem lincken vueß hinnter seinen rechten, Unnd druckh in bey dem halß daryber wie hie gemalt,	[95b-2] Das Vierdt [96a-1] Bistu mit deinem linckhen arm vnden so fall In mit dem rechten an die kel vnd schreidt mit deinē hinder sein rechten fueß vnd druckh In darüber bei seinē [!] hals	[123v.2] Aber ainns Item bistu mit Dem linncken arm vnnden so fall Im mit der rechten Inn die Keelen. vnnd schreit mit dem linncken fuosz hinnder seinnen Rechten vnnd truckh In vberbey dem hals so muosz Er fallen.	[93v.4] Aber ains. Item bistu mit dem linnggen arm vnnden, so fall Ime mit der rechten In die keelen, vnnd schreit mit dem linnggen fuße, hinndter seinen rechten, vnnd druck ine über bej dem hallß, So muß er fallen,	[299r.4] Alia Si inferne brachium tuum teneas, tum dextra guttur hostis impetas. Inde si sinistrum pedem eius dextro postposueris, atque retrorsum urseris, hostis concidere cogetur,	[105r.12] Alia. Si infernè brachium tuum teneas, tum dextra guttur hostis impetas, inde si sinistrum pedem, eius dextro postposueris, atque retrorsum u~rseris, hostis concidere cogetur,	[42v.4] Page:Cgm 3712 042v.jpg
	[54]  Throw him over your leg on both sides.	[54]  Or: you can throw him over the foot, on both sides.	[114r.4] vnd wurff In auß dem fueß czu peydñ seÿtñ	[106v.3] Item Würf in aus dem fuess zu° paidñ seittñ	[94v.3] Item würff In auß dem fusß zu beiden seitten			[125r.6] Item wurff In Auss dem fuß zu° beydenn sytenn	[81av.3] It~ Wirff in vff den fu°ß zuo baiden sÿtten ~~~:~ ~	[72v.3] Itm~ / Wirff in auß dein fues zu paidñ seÿttñ		[145r.2] Item wurf in aus dem fueß zu baidn seitn,	[96a-2] vnd wirff In auß den fueß zu baiden seitten.	[123v.3] oder wirff In ausz dem fuosz zu baiden seiten	[93v.5] oder wirf ine auß dem fuß zu beden seitten.	[299r.5] vel ex pede utrinque ipsum sternas.	[105r.13] vel ex pede u~trinque ipsu~m sternas.	[42v.5] Page:Cgm 3712 042v.jpg
	[55] Another wrestling When you reach with both of your arms under his and he is light enough so that you can lift him, clasp your hands firmly together behind his back, lift him up to your left side and turn with him. When you have turned, drop him down on your knee and break his back.	[55] The 17th Technique: Back-breaker If you drove through someone with both arms under his arms, and if he is as large as you or smaller, then seize him around the middle. Interlock your hands tightly behind his back and lift him on the left side. And if you think you are capable of it, then kick him down on the knees, and break his back towards you.		[106v.4] Aber ein ringen Wenn du eine~ mit paiden armen durch sein arm~ gefarñ pist vñ ist er also gering das du in wol erhebñ magst so fass in in der mitt vnd schleus dein hend fast zu same~ vñ heb in auf dein lincke seittñ vnd drä dich mit ÿm vmb vnd weñ du dich mit im eins vmb gedrät hast so stos in nÿder auf die knÿe vnd prich ÿm den ruck zu dir ~	[94v.4] Aber ein ringen Item Wann du einem mit beden	[124v.8] Wenn dw mit ainem mit baidenn armen durch sein arm gefarnn pist vnnd ist er also ring als dw pist oder ringer so vaß in in der mitt vnd sleus dein hennd vast zw samen auf deinem ruck vnd heb in auf dein tenncke seytenn vnd wenn dw dich ains vmb getrat hast so stos in nyder auf die chnye vnnd prich im den ruck zw dir	[58r.5]	[125v.1] Item ~Wan du eine~ mit beyden Arme~ gevare~ bist dur sin arm vnd ist er also gering Also du bist oder geringe~ So faß in in der mitten vnd schluß din hende veste zu samen Auff siner rechten vnd heb In auff vnd dree dich vmb Auff din lincke siten vnd wan du dich eins vmb gedrehett hast So stos In nÿder vff die knye vnd prich im den ruecke~ stee zu dir ~	[82r.1] Aber ain Ringen Item wann du ainem mitt baid~ armen durch sin arm gefare~ bist vñ ist er also gering alß du/bist oder ringer So fass in In der mitte vñ schlüß dine hend fast zu° samen vff sÿ sine~ rucken vñ heb in vff die In lincke sÿtte~ vnnd weñ du dich aines vmb getrawst So stoß in nide~ vff die knÿ vñ brich im den ruck zu° dir ~ ~~	[72v.4] Aber ain ringen Item Wen du ainem mit paiden arme~ durch sein arm~ gefarñ pist / ist Er als gering als du pist / oder geringer / so faß in in der mitte / vnd schleus dein hendt zu same~ auff seinen ruck / vnd heb in auff dein lincke seÿttñ / vnd wen du dich ains vmb gedreet hast / so stos in nÿder auff die knye / vnd prich im den ruck zu dir /		[145v.1] Ein ringen aus der mith Wenn du einem mit beden armen durch sein arm gefarn bist, Unnd ist er also gerinng, daß du in wol er heben magst, so fasß in bey der mitt Unnd schleuß dein hennt fasst zusamen, unnd heb in auf dein linnckhe seittn, Unnd dra dich mit im umb, und wenn du dich ainnß mit im umb gedrat hast, so stoß in nider auf die knie, unnd brich im den ruckh zu dir,	[96a-3] Das Fünsft. Merckh wen du einē mit beiden armen durch sein arm gefarn bist vnd ist er [96b-1] also ring als dw odr ringer so faß Ine in der mitten vnd schleuß dein hend vast zusamen auf sein~ ruckh vnd heb In auf dein linckhe seitten vnd wen dw mainst dz dw Ine in dem schwang hast so stoß In nidr auf die linckh vnd brich In den rugkhen zw dir.
	[56] This is how you counter it When someone presses you onto himself, place your elbow onto his throat or onto his chest, and push him away from you so that your left leg will be placed behind.	[56]  If someone presses you to himself, then place your elbows on his throat or on the chest and press him hurriedly away from you. And step with your left foot backwards.	[114r.5] Wann dich ayner czu Im truckt so secz Im den elbogñ an dÿ chel oder an dy prust vnd truck in võ dir zu plente~ das deiner tenckr~ fueß ze ruck stee	[106v.5] Also prich das Wenn dich einer zu° Im druckt so setz ÿm den elpogen an die kel oder an die prust vnd druck In von dir zabe   vnd das dein lincker fues zu° ruck stee ~				[125v.2] Ein bruch Item Also prich dz Wan dich eyner zu Im truck So setz Im den elnboge~ in die kelle oder Auff die brust vnd truck In von dir vnd dz din lincker fuß zu rueck stee	[82r.2] Ain bruch in dem Ringen Item also brich dz Wann dich aine~ zu° im truckt So secz die elnboge~ in kel oder in die bru~st vñ truck in von dir zu°behent vnnd [82v.1] daß din lincker fu°ß zu° ruck stee etc	[72v.5] Also prich das Item~ / Wen dich ainer zu im druckt / so setz im den elpogñ an die kel / oder an die prust / vnd truck in von dir zabelnde / vnd das dein lincke fues zu ruck stee /		[145v.2] .Bruch. Wenn dich einr fast unnd also zu im druckht, so setz im den elbogen an die kell, oder an die brust, und druckh in von dir zabe, Unnd daß dein lincker vuß zu ruckh stee,	[96b-2] Das Segchst Dz ist ein bruch widr das negst vorgeschriben stuckh den treib also wen dich zw Jme einer druckhen ist, so druckh Im In die weich odr prust dein elpogen.
	[57]	[57]										[145v.3] Ringen: aus dem durchgeen Erwisch im sein rechte mit deinr linckhen hannt unnd draß auf dein linckh seitn, unnd gee im durch mit deinem haubt, unnd trit mit der rechtn fueß mit, und gewin im den rucken an, Und buckh dich, und erwisch unt anlob[?] ime mit deinen rechtn hant, sein linckß bain [146r.1] bain, und zeuch in woll heryber mit der hant do du in erstlich gefast, und in dem bucken wirf in yber dein ruckh, wie hie gemalt, mit sollichem fassen magst ain hintragen,
	[58] Another wrestling When someone wants to go with his head under your arm and seeks to throw you over his back use the arm to grasp his neck firmly and press him to yourself. Lean with your chest onto him from above and use all of your weight to push him down.	[58] The 18th Technique: Counter against the Throw over the Shoulder If someone wants to drive your head under his arm and throw you over his right shoulder, grab him with the arm at his neck and press him swiftly to yourself. And lay yourself with the chest on top of him, and press down with your weight.	[114r.6] Wenn die einer mit dem I heubt durch varen wil vñ wil dich vber seine~ ruck werffñ vach In mit dem selbigñ arm pey dem hals vnd truck In vast czu dir vnd leg dich mit der prust obm~ auff In vnd swar dich nyder	[106v.6] Aber ein ringen Item wenn dir ein° mit seine~ haubt durch den arm~ farñ wil vnd wil dich vber sein ruck werffen fach in mit dem selbigen arm~ peÿ dem hals vnd druck in fast zw° dir [107r.1] vnd leg dich mit der prust oben auf in vnd swär dich nÿder ~		[124v.9] Wenn dir ainer mit dem haubt durch die arm farenn wil vnd wil dich vber sein ruck werffenn vach in mit dem selbigenn arm bey dem hals vnnd druck In vast zw dir vnnd leg dich mit der prüst obenn auf in vnnd swär dich nyder	[58r.6] [58v.1]	[125v.3] Aber ein ringen Item Wan dir eÿner mit dem haupt durch den arme varen will vnd wil dich vber seyn ruck werffenn so fach In mitt dem selbigenn arme bÿ dem hals vnd truck In vast zu dir vnd leg dich mit der brust oben vff In Vnd Swere dich nÿder ~	[82v.2] Aber ain ringen Item wan dir ainer mitt dem haupt durch din arm fare~ will vñ will dich über sin recht werffen / fach in mitt dine~ arm bÿ dem halß vñ truck in fast zu° dir vñ leg dich mitt der brust oben vff l in vñ schwer dich nider ~ ~~	[72v.6] Aber ain ringen Itm~ / Wen dir ainer mit seine~ haubt durch den arm~ [73r.1] farn wil / vnd wil dich vber sein ruck werffñ / fach in mit dem selbigñ arm~ peÿ dem hals / vnd truck in vast zu dir / vnd leg dich mit der prust oben auff in vnd schwer dich nÿder /		[146v.1] Bruch widerß durchgeen ~·~ Wenn dir einr mit dem haubt, durch den arm farn will unnd will dich yber sein rucken werffen, so fach in mit deinem selben arm oder ygsn //??? //an dem kopf, oder halß, und druckh in vast zu dir, und leg dich mit der bruste oben auf in, undschwer dich wider,	[96b-3] Das Sibend Wen dir einer mit seinem haubt durch dein arm faren will vnd will dich ober sein linkhe werffen, faß In mit deinē arm~ bei dem Hals vnd druckh In fast zw dir vnd leg dich mit dr prnst oben auf In vnd schwer dich nidr.
	[59] Another wrestling If someone grabs you firmly from behind when you have turned your back to him, and you have your arms above his, quickly duck and lean forward to throw him over your head. Or use your hand to grab his leg below.	[59] The 19th Technique: Throw against Clasping from Behind If someone seizes you when you turn your back on him, and lifts you swiftly with the arms, then bend yourself forward rapidly and throw him over you. Or grab him with one hand down at the leg.		[107r.2] Aber ein ringen Item ob dich einer hinden begreift wenn du Im hast den ruck zu° gewant vnd het dich gefast in sein arm~ vnd oben vber sein arm~ so puck dich behendigklich fur dich vnd würf in vber das haubt Oder fach in nÿden mit ein° hant peÿ eine~ pain ~		[124v.10] Wenn dich ainer begriff hindenn wenn dw im hast denn ruck zw gewännt vnd hett dich geuast in sein arm vnd obenn vber sein arm so puck dich behenndichleichenn fur dich vnnd würff in vber das haubt oder fach in vndenn mit einer hannd bey dem pain	[58v.2]	[125v.4] Item Ob dich eÿner hinden begriffett wan du Im den rucken zu gewantt vnd hat dich gefassett In dyn arm vnd obenn vß syne~ arm So bu°ck dich behendeglichen fur dich vnd wurff In vber dz hauppt oder vahe In nyede~ by eyne~ hant h bÿ eynem peyn ~	[82v.3] Aber ain ringen Item ob dich ainer begrifft wann du im den rucken zu° haust keret oder gewendt vnd hept dich fast In sin arm So brauch dich behend fürdich vñ wirff in über daß hau~pt Oder fach in vnden bÿ ainem arm hand niden bÿ aine~ bain ~~	[73r.2] Aber ain ringen / Item Ob dich ainer hindtñ begreifft / wen du im hast den ruck zu gewandt / vnd hebt dich vast in sein armeñ / vnd obñ vber sein arm~ / so puck dich behentlich fur dich / vnd wurff in vber das haupt / oder fach in nÿden mit einer hant pey eine~ pain /		[146v.2] ein ringen Ob dich einr hintn begreiff wenn du im hast den rucken gewennt, und het dich gefasst in sein arm und oben yber sein arm, so buckh dich behenndickhlich vir dich und wirf in oben yber daß haubt, in selchm magst in auch mit einr hannt bey einem bain fassen nidn,	[96b-4] Das Acht Ob dich einer hinden begreifft wen dw Ime den ruckh zw hast kert [97a-1] oder gvent vnd het dich gefast In sein arm, puckh dich behend für sich vnd wirf In öber dz haubt odr faß In bei einer Hand odr bei eine fueß.
	[60] Another wrestling If someone grabs you from behind with his hands under yours, and if his palms are open, grab one of his fingers and he will have to let you go.	[60] The 20th Technique: Finger-grip against Clasping from Behind If he has grabbed you from behind and has one arm under your arm, and his hands are open, then seize one finger (and rotate it), then he must let go of you.	[114r.7] Hat er dich aber hintñ geuast vnd hat sein arm vnd° seine~ arme~ vnd hatt er dy hent offenn so pgreiff In bey eine~ vingr~ so mueß er dich laßenn	[107r.3] Aber ein ringen Item hat er dich aber hinden gefast vnd hat seinen arm~ vnter deinen arm~ vnd hat er die hendt offen So begreif in peÿ einem finger so mues er dich lassen gen ~		[124v.11] wenn dich ainer hat geuast vnnd hat seinen arm vnder deinem arm vnnd hat er die hennd offen so begreyff in bey einem finger so mues er dich lassenn	[58v.3]	[126r.1] Aber ein Ringen Item hat er Aber dich h hinde~ gefassett vnd Hat syne~ arm vnten vnd hatt er die hend offenn So begriff yn by eynem finger So muß er dich loßenn genn ~	[83r.1] Aber ain ringen Item hat er dich hinde~ gefasst vnd hat sinen arm vnder dinem arm vñ hatt er die hendoffen So begriff im ain finger So mu°ß er dich laussen ~ ~~	[73r.3] Aber ain ringen Itm~ hat er dich aber hindtñ gefast / vnd hat seine~ arm~ vndter dem deinen arm~ / vnd er hat die hendt offen / so begreiff in peÿ eine~ finger so muß er dich lassen			[97a-2] Das Neundt Hadt er dich vnden gefast vnd hadt sein arm vmb dein arm vnd hat die hend ofen so begreiff In bey einen fingr so muß er dich lassen.
	[61]  If someone grabs you by the collar from the front and holds you firmly, go with your head under his arm and he will let you go. Or you can grab him by his thumb, which is also good.	[61] The 21st Technique: Against Grips of the Collar If someone grabs you with his hand on your collar and grips tightly, then turn yourself through with your head under his arm, then he must let go of you. Or you can grip him tightly at the same time.		[107r.4] Item Ob dich einer vorñ peÿ dem goller fast mit einer hant vnd helt dich fest so wendt dich vnden durch sein arm~ mit dem haupt so lest er dich Oder magstu Im den daume~ begreiffen das ist auch gu°t ~		[124v.12] Wenn dich ainer vornn bey dem gollier vast vnnd helt dich vest mit einer hannd so wennd dich vnndenn durch seinenn arm mit dem hawbt so lät er dich oder magstu im denn daumen begreyffenn das ist auch guet	[58v.4]	[126r.2] Item Ob dich eyner vornen by dem koller vassett mit eyner hantt vnd helt die vast So wend dich vnten durch sin arm mit dem haupt So loest er dich oder machstu Im den arm begriffen daß ist auch gütt ~	[83r.2] Aber ain ringen Item ob dich aine~ bÿ dem golle~ fasst mitt aine~ hand vñ halt dich fast So wend dich hinde~ durch sine~ arm mitt dem hau~pt So lausst/er dich/ode~ magst du in den da vngefär begrÿffen daß ist auch gu°t ~~ ~ ~	[73r.4] Item Ob dich ainer vorñ peÿ dem goller fast / mit ainer hant / vnd helt dich fest / so went dich vndtñ durch sein arm~ mit dem haubt / so lest er dich / oder magstu im den dawme~ pegreiffñ das ist auch guet /		[146v.3] fasst dich einr beym Glolter Ob dich einer vorn bey dem gotter fast, mit einer hannt, und helt dich vest, so wennt dich unnden durch sein arm, mit dem haubt so lest er dich,   Oder treib daß abnemen Wie du in erstn tail vom ringen gemalt sichst am .3. plat,	[97a-3] Das Zehendt Ob dich einer foren bei dem Har fast mitt einer handt vnd helt dich fast so wendt dich vnden durch sein arm mit dem haubt so last er dich odr magst In bey dem daumen begreiffen ist auch guet.
	[62]  If someone grabs you by the collar from behind, turn towards him and go with your head under his arm. This is how you shall break free.	[62]  Also if he holds you by the collar from behind, turn yourself through under his arm, then he must let go of you.	[114r.8] Vast dich aÿner hintñ beÿ dem goller so went dich gege~ Im mit dem hewbt vndenn durch sein arm so wirstu ledig etc ~	[107r.5] Item Fast dich einer hinden peÿ dem goller so went dich gegen im mit dem haupt vnden durch sein arm~ so wirstu ledig ~		[124v.13] Vast dich ainer hintn bey dem gollier wenndt dich gegn inn mit dem hawbt vnden durch sein arm so lätt er dich	[58v.5]	[126r.3] Item Vasset dich eyner hinden by dem goller So wende dich gegenn Im mit dem haupt vnd durch sin arm So wurstu ledig ~	[83r.3] Item Fasst dich aine~ hinden bÿ dem goller wend dich mitt dem hau~pt vnden durch sin arm So wirst du ledig ~ ~  ~	[73r.5] Itm~ Fast dich ainer hindtñ peÿ dem goller / wend dich gegeñ im mit dem haubt vndteñ durch sein arm~ so pist ledig /		[147r.1] Fasst dich einer hinden bey dem Goller Wennt dich gegen im, mitdem haubt, unden durch sein arm, so wurfstu ledig,	[97a-4] Das Einlfft Fast dich einer hinden bei dem Goller so wendt dich gegen Im mit den haubt vnden durch sein arm so wirst ledig.
	[63] [Another wrestling] If someone grabs you by the chest with both hands, thrust his right elbow upwards, turn, reach with your arm under his, and seize ahold of him across the body.	[63] The 22nd Technique: Against Grips of the Chest If someone holds you by the chest with both hands, then punch his right elbow upwards, press yourself through, and grab him around the waist.	[114v.1] Ob dich ainer vest vast pey pey [!] dñ henten vor der prust so stoeß im den rechtñ elboge~ auff vnd dree dich durch vnd vach In Inder wuechst	[107r.6] Item Ob dich einer fast mit paiden henden für der prust so stos Im den rechtñ elpogen auf vnd drä dich vmb durch vnd vach In in der wüst ~		[124v.14] Wenn dich ainer vast mit paidenn hennden vor der prust so stos im denn rechtenn elpogen auf vnnd trä dich durch vnd fach in in der wüest	[58v.6]	[126r.4] Item Ob dich eÿner mit beÿdenn henden vassett vor der brust So stos Im den rechte~ elnbogenn vff vnd dree dich durch vnd vast In In der wueste ~	[83v.1] Aber ain Ringen Item ob dich ainer fast fasst mitt baiden henden vor der brust So stoß im den rechten elnboge~ vff vnd truck dich durch vñ faß in In der waiche ~~	[73r.6] Item Ob dich ainer fast mit paidñ hendtñ vor der prust / so stos im den rechtñ elpogñ auff / vnd dree dich durch / vnd fach in in der wust		[147r.2] Fasst dich einer mit beden hennden fur der Brust, So stoß im den rechten elbogen auf, Und dra dich durch und fach inn der wuest,	[97a-5] Das Zwelfft Item ob dich einer fast, mit beiden henden vor dr brust so stoß Im den rechten [97b-1] elenpogen auf, vnd dra dich vmb vnder fahe In In dr brust.
	[64]	[64]				[124v.15] Wenn dich ainer hat geuast bey denn armenn vnd er dich wider vnd er hat dir begriffenn dein tenncke hannd mit seiner dencken vnd wil dir mit seiner rechtn hannd das gewicht nemen bey dem tenncken elpogenn stößt er dir denn elpogenn hoch auf so wend dein haubt durch dein tenncken arm vnd far im mit deiner rechtenn hand vnder seinen tennckenn arm In die wüest vnd spring mit dem rechten fueß hinder seinen tenncken vnd wurff in vber dein rechte hüff	[58v.7] [59r.1]	[126r.5] Aber ein Ringenn Item hastu eyne~ gefassett bÿ den armen vnd er dich wider vnd er hat dir begriffen din lincke hant mit siner lincken vnd wil dir mit sÿner rechtenn hant daß gewyecht nemen by dem linckenn elnbogen Stoßt er dir den [126v.1] elnbogen hoch vff So wind din haupt durch den linckenn arm vnd var Im mit diner rechte~ hant vnder sin lincken arm in die wueste vnd spring mit dinem rechten fuß hinderr sinen rechten fuß vnd wurff In vber deyn reche huefft ~
	[65]	[65]	[114v.2] Wenn du dein hawpt durch deine~ tencken arm gewend hast so begreiff Im ain pain mit der rechtñ hant vnd ruck in nach dir			[124v.16] Wenn dw dein haubt durch deinen tencken arm gewennt hast so begreyff im ein pain mit der rechtenn hannd vnd ruck in nach dir	[59r.2]	[126v.2] Ein anders Item Wan du din haupt durch deyn linckenn arme gewendest So begriff Im eyn peyn mit der rechte~ hant vnd ruck In nach dir ~
	[66] Another wrestling When you grab someone with your left hand by the muscle of his right arm and you push it back: if he shoots his right arm from the outside across your left arm and presses your hand onto his chest with strength, hit his right side with the elbow of the same arm that is being pressed. Duck, spring with your left leg behind his right leg, use your right hand to grab him by the bending of his knee and throw him to the ground.	[66] The 23rd Technique: Throw against Hand-freeing If you have grabbed someone on the right arm at the biceps and you are pressing him backwards, and he then hits with his right arm from the outside over your left hand and presses his hand tightly against your chest, then drive him with the same elbow in his right side and let yourself sink down. Spring with your left foot behind his right one, seize his knee-bend with your right hand and throw him.	[114v.3] Wenn du eine~ hast gefast mit deiner tenckenn hant in der mauß seines rechtñ arms vnd drucks in da mit ze ruck wann er dir dan obm~ velt mit deine~ rechtñ arm võ aussm~ vber sein tencke hant vnd truckt dir dein hendt vast am sein prust so var Im mit dem selbñ elbogñ in sey~ rechtew seyten vnd// senck// dich nyder vnd spring mit deine~ tenckenn fueß hinder den rechtñ fueß vnd greyff Im mit der te~ckenn hant in sein knyepug vnd wirff In von dir etc	[107r.7] Aber ein ringen Wenn du einen hast gefast mit dein° lincken hant in der maus seins rechten arm~s vnd druckst in do mit zu° ruck felt er dir denn vber mit dem rechtñ arm~ von aussen vber dein lincke hant vnd druckt dir dein hant fast an sein prust so far Im mit dem selben [107v.1] elpogen in sein rechte seitten vnd senck dich nyder vnd spring mit dem lincken füess hinder sein rechten vnd greif im mit der rechten hant in sein knÿpüg vnd wirf in für dir nÿder		[124v.17] Wenn dw ainen hast geuast mit deiner tennckenn hand in der maus seins rechtn arms vnd druck in do mit zw ruck vnd er dir dann vberfelt mit dem rechtenn arm von aussen ṽber dein tenncke hand vnd druckt dir dein hand vast an sein prust so far im mit dem selbn elpogenn in sein rechte seytenn vnd senck dich nyder vnd spring mit deinem tencken fueß hinder seinen rechten vnnd greyff im mit der rechtenn hand In sein chnyepug vnnd wurff in vonn dier etc	[59r.3]	[126v.3] Item Wan du eyne~ gefasset hast mit diner lincken hant In der massen sins rechten armes vnd truck In do mit vnd ruck vngern wan er dir vber fellett mit dem rechte~ arm von aussen vber din lincke hant vnd truck dir din hant vast An sin brust So far Im mit dem selbenn elnboge~ in sin rechte syten vnd senck dich nÿder vnd spring mit dyne~ lincke~ fuß hinder sinen rechte~ fuß vnd griff mit der rechte~ hant seÿn knyepu°g vnd wuerff In von dir ~	[83v.2] Aber ain ringen Item wenn du ainen gefasst hãst mitt dine~ lincken hand In der mau~ß sines rechte~ armß vnd tuckest in domitt zu° ruck vnd weñ er dañ überfölt mitt dem rechten arm von vssen über din tencke hand vñ truck sin hand fast an sin bru~st / So far im mitt dem selben elnbogen In sin rechte sÿtten vñ senck dich nider vnd spring mitt dine~ [84r.1] lincken fu°ß hinder sinen rechten fu°ß Vnnd grÿff im mitt der rechten hand In sin knÿbu~g vñ wirff in von dir ~	[73v.1] Item / Wen du ainen hast gefast mit deiner linckñ hant in der maus seins rechtñ arms / vnd truckstu in da mit zu dir ruck / vnd wen er dir den vber felt mit dem rechtñ arm~ von aussen vber dein lincke hant / vnd truckt dir dein hant vast an sein prust / so far im mit dem selbñ elpogñ in sein rechte seyttñ vnd senck dich nyder / vnd spring mit deine~ linckñ fues hindter seine~ rechtñ fues / vnd greiff im mit der rechtñ hant in sein knyepueg / vnd wurff in fur dich etc		[147r.3] Ein Ringen Wann du ainen mit deinr linckhen hannt nider mauß, seinnß rechten armß, gefasst, Und druckhst in damit zu ruckh,   felt er dir dann mit seinr rechtn hant, von aussen Yber, dein linckhe, hant, Und druckht dir dein hant fasst an seinn brust, so var im mit dem selben elbogen in sein rechte seitn, Unnd sennckh dich nider, Unnd spring mit dem lincken fueß, hinter sein rechtn, Unnd greif im mit der rechtn hant, in sein kniebug, Unnd Wirf in vor dir nider Wie hernach g[emalt]:	[97b-2] Das Dreyzehendt Wen du einē gefast hast mit deiner linckhen seitten odr Hand in dr maus seines rechten arms vnd druckhs In damit zu ruckhen, vnd er dir vberfelt mit seinē rechten arm von aussen vber dein linckhe handt, vnd druckh dir dein Hand vast an sein brust, so fare Im mit dem selben elenbogen In sein rechte seitten vnd senckh dich nidr vnd spring mit dem linckhen fueß hindr sein rechten fueß vnd greiff im mit dr Hand In sein kniepug vnd wirf In von dir.
	[67]	[67]										[97b-3] Das Vierzehend Greiff Im mit beiden henden an sein achseln auff vber sein hendt, so thuet er dich widr fassen bei der achsel Inwendig, begreiff bei dr linckhen Hand mit deiner [98a-1] faust, vnd halt fest sein Hand vnd brich oben vber mit deiner rechten Hand sein linckhe vnd laß mit deiner linckhen Hand nit so magst Im die faust aus dem glenckh ruckhen vnd er muß sich nach geben vnd magstu In darnach werffen leichtlich.
	[68]	[68]										[98a-2] Das Fünfzehendt. Fas In bei seiner rechten hand mit deinē beiden henden mit der lingkhen bei dr faust vnd mit dr rechten ober alß elenpogens vnd schwing In auf die linckh seiten, vnd stoß In von dir mit sterckh so tumelt er, Iyl Im nach so magstu In leichtlich werffen, du muest Im die hand mit deiner rechten Hand vbersich stossen.
	[69] Finished	[69]						[126v.4] Finis ~		[73v.2] Finis		[147r.4] finis des andern buchs Vom Ringen, das M. Ott dem g.g.gesetzt	[101a-2] .Finis.

16th century poetic rendering

Draft Translation (2016) by Jay Acutt	Wassmannsdorff Version (1539)  Transcribed by Karl Wassmannsdorff and Jay Acutt
[1] A brief lesson and introduction on how to bring about advantage in wrestling, etc. If you want to be skillful in Knighthood Then you must, before all else, learn wrestling. When I say to you honestly, Wrestling is indeed a foundation for all Knightly activity Much more goes from it, And though you are skilful/agile in body, When you cannot therefore perform with advantage For whilst you are young, Strength is what one calls the ‘Golden Art’ And you can’t be helped any further, by offering more advantage, etc. A foundation in it for fencers, that thereby a wrestler has, Whether in sword, dagger, buckler, Staff, halberd and long spear, As well fighting with Messer: without wrestling Much does evade your grasp Also if you don’t throw with strength the Javelin or heavy stones, you don’t stand a chance in any duels - Condemned then, if you cannot wrestle. Accordingly I have told myself, To abstract these to bestow upon you, If by describing every fantasy, Alive-and-well is Chivalry, But I may not, at length, conclude, Because many words do sprout disinterest, Therefore, this alone I consider: that the reason for such splendour Is so you then have, for yourself much decency, etc.	[93a] Ein khurtzer Vnderricht vnd Einleydung wie fortheyl Im ringen zu geprauchen sey etc. Wiltu in Ritterschafft geschickht werden So muestu vor allen dingen ringen lernē, Wenn Ich sag dir fürwar, Das Ringen ist ein ursprung gar, Aller Ritterlicher spill, Der auß der massen sein vill, Vnd wo du bist eynes geschickhten leybs, Wann dw nicht khanst phortayl darauß treyben Für wor ist dir In der Jugent Die sterkhe, die mā Nent die gülden khunst, So dw nicht kanst helffen mere Mitt geybten phortayl dere etc. Am ersten sich an fechterey [93b] Die wyll haben Ringēs darpey Wenn Im schwert, tolich, puckhlier, Stang, helleparttn, vnd lang spies, Auch fechten Im messer, ane ringen Thuet manichem fast misslingen Auch magstu nit werffen mit sterckh Die stang odr staynes hertt, Dw wirst auch pald In allem khampf Getempfft so dw nicht ringen khanst Demnach hab Ich furgenumē mir Diesen auszug zu schenckhen dir Wann zu beschreyben alle fantesey Die der Ritterschafft ist wonē pey Mocht Ich in leng nit beschliessen Von vilen wortten thuett vnlust spriessen Darumb hab Ich allein gedacht [94a] Das der grund hinfür würdt pracht So du den hast Du den selber viel ordentlicher magst etc.
[2] Wrestling begins: Exalt it in God’s name Observe whether your opponent moves high or low, With the hands seize his left Pull him from the right side Stride with the right foot behind his right, Push with your right arm on his left side Then downward he must fall, Gone over your right foot. Firstly you should, in any wrestling, fighting and duelling ask God and the Holy Ghost with total humility, when beginning any of the Art, be God-fearing. Then embark on wrestling, and seize, at first, his left hand with both hands, and pull him onto your right side, and stride with your right foot behind his right foot, and reach with your right arm on his left side, and throw him over your right foot.	Ringens anfang. Heb In gottes Namē ane Schaw ob hoch odr nider gee dr mane Mitt den henden Ime sein linckhe pegreiff Zeuch In von der rechten seytt Mitt dem rechten fueß hinter sein rechtn schreytt Stoß mit rechtem arm in seine linckhe seyt Also mueß er nider stan Vber dein rechtn fueß gan, Von erst soltu In allen ringen, fechten vnd khempfen gott vnd der heyligen hilff mit aller demuethigkhait begeren, wenn anfang aller khunst ist die forcht gottes. [94b] Den heb an zu ringen, vnd begreiff, Im am ersten sein Linckhe handt, mit beden henden, vnd zeuch In auf dein rechte seytten, vnnd schreit mit deinem rechtn fueß hinder sein rechtn fueß, vnnd far Ime mit dein rechtn arm In sein linckhe seytten, vnd wirff Iñ vber dein rechtn fueß etc.
[3] The other [2nd] wrestle But should someone with cunning ensnares you with both hands locked under both your arms Therefore don’t give up Especially with both your arms Do wrap up around outside his elbows Shove them well together Over both his elbows Lift him upward with strength Thus his arm does break. If someone has you with both arms around underneath both your arms, then seize him underneath with both arms, wrapping around the outside of his elbows and squeeze your arms together, under his elbows and lift upward with strength, and break him by the arm.	Das ander Ringen. So aber eyner dich mit list Mitt beyden henden vmfangen ist Die vnder dein ped arm geschlossen Darumb setz nicht verdrossen Sunder mit deinē peden arm Thue ausserhalb seines Elpogen vmbherfaren Schleuß die zusamē woll Uber sein pede Elpogen Heb In mit sterckh vbersich [95a] Also Ime die arm prich. Wenn dich ainer mit peden arm vmbfär hatt vndter dein peyde arm, so fach In niden an mit beyden armen, ausserhalb seines elnpogen vnd schleuß dein arm zusamē, vnd[er] sein Elpogen, vnd hebe, mit sterckhe, vbersich vnd prich Jme den arm.
[4] The 3rd Wrestle Then you are at him with both arms Notice what is said to you Hold him high by the throat, Or quickly at the jaw-bone, do the neck-punch to him pressing him well over the back, But must with your arm, Reach well through his. Item: if you are up-most with both your arms, then you may, up high, grab by the throat, or by the jaw-bone, and, penetrating, wrap around the neck or over the back or you may at the same time, reach your arm through his arm.	Das .3. Ringen. So dw mit payden armē In Im bist Merckh was dir zu sagen ist faß In oben pey der kheell Oder khinpacken schnell, Thue Jme den halß stossen Uber den ruckhen woll prechen Oder dw muest mit deineñ arm Durch sein woll farn etc. [95b] Item wenn dw Oben bist, mit deinē peden arm so magstu, in oben, pey der khell fassen, oder pey dem khinpackhen, vnd Jme den hals vmbreiben oder vber den ruckhen, prechen, aber dw muest, woll mit, dein arm durch sein arm faren.
[5] The fourth Then you have your left hand underneath, and may, with it behind his right foot, he fall With the right on the throat Act by stepping quickly, By him about the neck, Throw him, gripping him outside once-more, to whichever side you want, he would fall being bravely, so you have gone rightly He would not to shoot upon it You are with your left arm underneath, then drop him with the right hand on the throat and stride with yours behind his right foot, and press him therefore by his neck,	Das Vierdt So dw dein linckhe handt vnden hast Vnd mit der hinter sein rechtn fueß fallen magst Mitt der rechten an die kheel, Thue mit schreittñ schnell Im darüber pey dem hals Wurff In, aussen faß In abermals Zw welchen seytten dw wildt Im fallen wirdt er sein mildt So dw pist damit recht gane Er wirdt sich nit zu schizen han. [96a] Bistu mit deinem linckhen arm vnden so fall In mit dem rechten an die kel vnd schreidt mit deinē hinder sein rechten fueß vnd druckh In darüber bei seinē [!] hals
[6] and throw him over the foot, to both sides.	vnd wirff In auß den fueß zu baiden seitten.
[7] The fifth When you take someone with both hands, He be threatened by the sides, And is as if you, or a wrestler. Grasps them with nothing less, Lock your hands firmly together Outside his back and lift him upon your left side [hip], Abide upon all effort You do to your break of his back He will hardly be able to save himself Notice when you have reached someone through with both arms on his arm, and he is also a little like you, or a wrestler, then seize him around the waist and slip your hands firmly together around his back and lift him up on your left side. And when you manage to have swung him, then push him down on the left, and break his back towards yours.	Das Fünsft. Wen dw einenn mit baiden arm Durcht sein pyst gefarn Vnd ist als dw odr Ringer Fas die mit nichts dester mindr Schleuß dein hend zusamen fest Aus sein ruckh vnd In hebe Auf dein linckhe seiten Arbait an alles beitten Thw dw Im den ruggen zw dir prechen Er wirdt sich kaum kinden retten Merckh wen du einē mit beiden armen durch sein arm gefarn bist vnd ist er [96b] also ring als dw odr ringer so faß Ine in der mitten vnd schleuß dein hend vast zusamen auf sein~ ruckh vnd heb In auf dein linckhe seitten vnd wen dw mainst dz dw Ine in dem schwang hast so stoß In nidr auf die linckh vnd brich In den rugkhen zw dir.
[8] The wrestling concludes Thus you have the basics, Now I will give you the end, This knighthood, The other exercises that they do, That has wrestling also be named, That I shall signify, Creating fewer words is useful, Therefore I will let you get underway, When with many words and yapping, He will not be like me, So I did not choose any more, Because uncouth people, Have everything chosen already in hand, Thinking nothing more about it, Also they be ridiculed in many things, Before people, then they shall submit, Because you have enough for wrestling And made a good start thereon, the techniques twenty and nine, How the charging and wrestling should be.	Des Ringen beschluß Also hastu dz fundamendt Nun will Ich geben endt Diser Ritterschafft Die andr Jebung hat Ir macht Das ringen het auch namen wol Die Ich an zeichen soll an nutz wenig schaffen Darumb Ichs vnder wegen will lassen Wen vil wort vnd klefferey Der wirdt Ich nit mäg sein [101a] Auch Hab Ich nit wellen weitter Von wegen dr groben leuttē Wellen alle ding haben In henden Nichts mer dar zw erdenckhen Auch sein sy vil ding haben Im spot Vor leutē den sy sonst ligē ob Also hastu des ringen gnug Ein guten anfang dar zw Der stuckh sein zwencz vnd neun Wie zw lawff vnd ringen sollen sein.

Copyright and License Summary

For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the discussion page.

Work	Author(s)	Source	License
Kraków Illustrations	Biblioteka Jagiellońska	Biblioteka Jagiellońska
Translation	Gregor Medvešek	Schola Pugnatoria
Translation	Alex and Almirena	Master Sigmund Ringeck
Translation	Jay Acutt	Document circulated online
Gotha Transcription	Dierk Hagedorn	Index:Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)
Augsburg Transcription	Dierk Hagedorn	Index:Codex Lew (Cod.I.6.4º.3)
Rome Transcription	Dierk Hagedorn	Index:Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)
Vienna Ⅰ Transcription	Dierk Hagedorn	Index:Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)
Salzburg Transcription	Dierk Hagedorn	Index:Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)
Dresden Transcription	Dierk Hagedorn	Index:Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)
Glasgow Ⅰ Transcription	Dierk Hagedorn	Index:Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)
Vienna Ⅱ Transcription	Dierk Hagedorn	Index:Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)
Krakow Transcription	Monika Maziarz	Index:Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)
Glasgow Ⅱ Transcription	Michael Chidester	Index:Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)
Wassmannsdorff Transcription	Karl Wassmannsdorff, Jay Acutt, Michael Chidester	Index:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch
Dresden (Mair) Transcription	Pierre-Henry Bas	Index:Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)
Vienna (Mair) German Transcription	Nicole Brynes, Rebecca Garber, Mark Millman	Index:Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)
Vienna (Mair) Latin Transcription	Kendra Brown, Rebecca Garber	Index:Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)
Munich (Mair) Transcription	Open	Index:Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)
Munich Ⅱ Transcription		Index:Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)
New York Transcription		Index:Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS 26.236)
Göttingen Transcription		Index:Talhoffer Fechtbuch (2º Col.MS.Philos.61)
Munich Ⅲ Transcription		Index:Talhoffer Fechtbuch (Cod.icon. 395)

Additional Resources

The following is a list of publications containing scans, transcriptions, and translations relevant to this article, as well as published peer-reviewed research.

• Forgeng, Jeffrey L. (2017). "The Martial Arts Treatise of Paulus Hector Mair." Die Kunst des Fechtens: 267-284. Ed. by Matthias Johannes Bauer; Elisabeth Vavra. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter GmbH. ISBN 978-3-8253-6699-5.
• Jaquet, Daniel (2020). "Collecting Martial Art Knowledge on Paper in Early Modern Germany and China: The Examples of Paulus Hector Mair and Qi Jiguang and Their Reading in the 21st Century." Martial Arts Studies 9: 86-92. doi:10.18573/mas.101.
• Kirchhoff, Chassica (2020). "Silver-Pommeled Swords and Old Italian Cannonballs." Martial Culture in Medieval Town. http://martcult.hypotheses.org/954
• Kirchhoff, Chassica (2023). "Silver-Pommeled Swords and Old Italian Cannonballs." Martial Culture in Medieval Towns: An Anthology. Ed. by Daniel Jaquet; Iason-Eleftherios Tzouriadis; Regula Schmid. Basel: Schwabe Verlag. ISBN 978-3-7965-4713-3.
• Kusudo, Kazuhiko (2002). "Notions of Fencing by P. H. Mair (1517-1579)." Local Identity and Sport. Historical Study of Integration and Differentiation. Proceedings of the 6th ISHPES Seminar, Kanazawa, Japan: 181-185. Ed. by Okubo Hideaki. Sankt Augustin: Akademia Verlag.
• Kusudo, Kazuhiko (2009). "P.H. Mair (1517-1579): A Sports Chronicler in Germany." Sport and Culture in Early Modern Europe: 339–355. Ed. by John McClelland; Brian Merrilees. Toronto: Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies.
• Mair, Paulus Hector (2008). The Polearms of Paulus Hector Mair. Trans. by Brian Hunt; David Knight. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press. ISBN 978-1-58160-644-7.
• Mair, Paulus Hector (2008). "Paulus Hector Mair: Peasant Staff and Flail." Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts: 267-286. Trans. by Brian Hunt. Ed. by John Clements. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3.
• Mair, Paulus Hector (2021). Book of fencing skills. Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94). Long sword. Trans. by Stuart Quayle; Petr Turya. Guildam Gladiatorum s.r.o. ISBN 978-80-907193-4-7.
• Maurer, Benedikt (2002). Medien und Weltbilder im Wandel der Frühen Neuzeit. Ed. by Franz Mauelshagen; Benedikt Mauer. Augsburg: Wißsner-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-89639-254-1.
• Tzouriadis, Iason-Eleftherios (2020). "The Foot Combat as Tournament Event: Equipment, Space and Forms." The Medieval Tournament as Spectacle: Tourneys, Jousts and Pas d'Armes, 1100-1600: 155-184. Ed. by Alan V. Murray; Karen Watts. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. ISBN 9781783275427.
• Welle, Rainer (1993). '…und wisse das alle höbischeit kompt von deme ringen'. Der Ringkampf als adelige Kunst im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert. Pfaffenweiler: Centaurus-Verlagsgesellschaft. ISBN 3-89085-755-8.

References

Dagger 

Source Images	Images	Draft Translation by Kendra Brown, Rebecca Garber, Mark Millman, Jon Reynolds, and Amy West	Dresden Version II (1550s) by Pierre-Henry Bas	Vienna Version I (1550s) [German] by Dieter Bachmann	Vienna Version I (1550s) [Latin] by Dieter Bachmann	Munich Version II (1550s)	Jörg Breu's Sketchbook (1545) by Michael Chidester
		The first binding-on at the dagger Item, conduct yourself thus in the onset with the daggers. Wind yourself with stabs and with thrusts to him [so] that your right foot stands forward. If he thus thrusts to you at your right side and you stand also with your right foot forward against him, so take him out away from there with an outside binding [so] that your thumb stands above on your pommel. Immediately pull your dagger nimbly to yourself and thrust to him therewith at his right side. If he should thus then thrust at you, so take that [his] away from below so that your thumb stands on your pommel and the blade lies outward on the arm. Immediately step with your left leg behind his right and grab with your left hand on his right elbow. Shove him therewith from you and, simultaneous with the shove, stab at his face. If he has thus seized you and stabs at your face, so take him away nimbly inwardly with your left hand. Immediately set your right leg back on your right side so you wind yourself from him.	[3r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 003r.png 3r.	[211r] Der est anbund im Tolchenn Item schick dich also in dem zufechten mit dem Tolchen, wind dich mit stichen und mit stossen zu im, das dein rechter fuß vor stand. Sticht er dir also nach deiner rechten seiten, und du auch mitt deinem rechten fuss vorsteest gegen Im, so nimb Im das ab aus dem ausseren anbund, das dein daumen oben auff dein knopff stand. In dem zuck deinen Tolch behend an dich, und stoß Im darmit nach seiner rechte seiten. Stost er dann also auff dich, so nimb Im das ab von unden, das dein daum auf deinen knopf stand, und die kling außwendig auff dein arm lig. In des trit mit deinem lingken schenckel hinder seinen rechten, und griff mit deiner lingken hand in sein rechten elnbogen, scheub in damit von dir, und in dem schieben stich Im nach seinen gesicht. Hat er dich also gefaßt, und sticht dir nach deinem gesicht, so nimb Im das behend ab Inwendig mit deiner lingken hand, In dem setz deinen rechte schenkl zurugk auff dein rechte seiten, so windst du dich von Im.	[211r] Primus contactus seu coniunctio pugionum Contra hostem procedes, punctionibus nec non impulsibus utendo, postea dextrum pedem prepones. Sed si is dextrum latus pungendo adgreditur, te itidem dextrum preponente, tu eum conatum exteriori pugionum contactu excipias, pollice tuo nodo pugionis adjuncto, verum quam celerrime poteris, pugionem versum te si adtraxeris, habitu eo dextrum latus acriter impellas tundendo adversarij. Sin vero is idem contra te usurparit, inferne pugionem regendo sursum hostis impetum removeto, pollice itidem nodo pugionis tui adplicato, pugio vero externus brachio impositus; ex ea itaque corporis forma pedem sinistrum, adversarij dextro postpones, manu sinistra cubitum eius dextrum adprehende, abs te hostem inde si remoueris, in ipso remotionis actu visum figendo adversarij adpetas. Ceterum eo idem contra te usurpante, manu sinistra confestim eum repellas interius, interimque dextrum si reduxetis pedem in latus dextrum tuum, ab hoste deflectendo recedes.	[3r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 003r.jpg 3r.
		A stab against the taking away Item: conduct yourself thus in this device with the onset. Wind yourself with stabs and with thrusts doubly in at him [so] that your left leg comes in forward and [you] stab him at his right side [so] that the thumb stands by your rondel. If he thus stabs at your right side and you stand with your right foot forward, so take that away from the binding behind his rondel [so] that your thumb is [shall be] above on your pommel. Immediately step with your left foot behind his right* and set your left hand behind his right elbow; shove him therewith from you and stab him at his neck. BREAK If he has thus set on, so set your left foot back and grab with your left hand outward over his right and stab him at his face. If he takes that away with his dagger, so grab with your left hand on his right; push him therewith under himself and thrust him in his face. If he thus thrusts doubly at you, so grab with your left hand on his right arm, step with your right foot behind his right and shove him with strength from yourself.	[3v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 003v.png 3v.	[211v] Ein stich gegen dem abnemen Item, schick dich also in dises stuck mit dem zufechten, wind dich mit stichen und mit stossen zwifach zu im hinein, das dein lingker schenkel Im für komm, und stich im nach seiner rechten seiten, das der daum bey deiner schieben stand. Sticht er dir also nach deiner rechte seiten, und du mitt deinem rechten fuß vorsteest, so nimb Im das aus dem anbund hinder seiner scheiben, das dein daum oben auff dem knopff sey. In des trit mit deinem lingken fuß hinder seinen rechten, und setz Im dein lingke hand hinder seinen rechten elnbogen, scheub In damit von dir, und stich Im nach seinem hals. Hat er dir also angesetzt, so setz deinen linggen fuß zurucgk, und greiff mit deiner lingken hand außwendig über sein rechte, und stich Im nach seinem gesicht. Nimbt er dir das ab mit seinem tolche, so greiff mit deiner lingken hand nach seiner rechten, truck In damit undersich, und stoß Im zu seinem gesicht. Stost er dir also zwifach zu, so greiff mit deiner lingken hand nach seinem rechten arm, trit mit deinem rechten fuß hinder seinen rechte, und scheub In mit sterck von dir.	[211v] Punctio contra aversionis habitum. In congressu contra hostem hac ratione te accomodato, punctiones et impulsus usurpando ingreditor dupliciter contra eum ita tamen ut pes sinister prior sit, atque latus eius dextrum figito, pollice iuxta laminam consistentem. Sed si is idem usurparit, dextrum te prefigente, eius conatum removaberis ex pugionum coniunctione retro hostilis pugionis laminam, pollice tuo supra nodum consistente, interea pede sinistro retro adversarij dextrum concedas, secundumque cubitum dextrum eius brachium manu sinsitra arripe, si eum eo habitu repuleris, collum ipsius figito. Sin autem te eadem ratione adgredi conetur sinistrum referes pedem, manu sinistra supra eius dextram dirigenda exterius, uisum adversarij pungito. At si is pugionis sui habitu te repulerit, sinistra manu, eius dextra arrepta, si depresseris deorsum, rursus uisum eius pungendo sauciabis. Verum si adversarius te gemino impulsu appetierit, dextro ipsius brachio manu sinistra adprehenso, atque dextrum pedem si hostis dextro postposueris, fortiter abs te eum repellas, id est pugione brachio adplicato.	[3v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 003v.jpg 3v.	[36v] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 36v.png 36v.
		Two inward takings away from the right side Item: conduct yourself thus in this taking away. Set your right foot forward and go to him with your dagger at his right arm. If he stands also thus against you with his right foot forward and is simultaneously working with you, so grab with your left hand in front on his right, shove him therewith under himself and stab at his right side. If he thus stabs at you, so seize him with your left hand by his right elbow and step in with your left foot; shove him therewith from you. If he thus shoves you from him, so step with your right leg back on your right side so you wind yourself away from him. In this, step with equal feet together and stab him in his face. If he thus takes away this stab and sets this of yours off with his dagger on his right arm and grabs you with his left hand on your right arm, so grab with your left hand well under his right arm pit and twist him on your right side. Immediately step in behind and stab him in his neck.	[4r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 004r.png 4r.	[212r] Zwai Inwendige abnemen von der rechten seiten Item schick dich also in das abnemen, setz deinen rechten fuß vor, und gang Im mit deinem tolchen nach seinem rechten arm. Steet er dann auch also gegen dir mit seinem rechten fuß vor, und ist in gleicher arbait mit dir, so greiff mit deiner lingken hand vornen nach seiner rechten, scheub In damit undersich, und stich Im nach seiner rechten seiten. Sticht er dir also zu, so faß In mit deiner lingken hand bej seinem rechten elnbogen, und trit mit deinem lingken fuß hinein, scheub In damit von dir. Scheubt er dich also von Im, so trit mit deinem rechten schenkel zurugk auff dein rechte seiten, so windst du dich von Im. In dem trit mit gleichen fuessen zusamen, und stich Im nach seinem gesicht. Nimbt er dir den stich ab, und versetzt dir das mit seinem Tolchen auff seinem rechten arm, und greift dir mit seiner lingken hand nach deinem rechten arm, so greiff mit deiner lingken hand wol under sein rechte uchße, und verwend In auff dein rechte seiten. In des trit behend hinnach, und stich Im nach seinem hals.	[212r] Duae interiores aversiones de latere dextro. Ad habitum eius aversionis si rite te componere volueris, dextrum pedem prepones, hostisque brachium dextrum adpetito. Sed si is itidem contra te dextro innixus fuerit, æqualiterque tecum pugnarit, tum manu sinistra, anterius eius dextram si adprehenderis, nec non deorsum suppresseris, dextrum latus figito hostis. At si te consimili ratione adgredi moliatur, dextrum eius cubitum manu sinistra arrepta, si pede sinistro fueris insequutus, eum abs te removeas. Sin autem is te itidem repulerit, dextrum referto in latus dextrum, et eo modo ab hoste te deflectes, interim vero pedem utrumque si coniunxeris, uisum eius pungito. Sed si eum impetum exceperit pugione brachio dextro imposito, atque manu sinistra tuum brachium dextrum arripere conetur, tum axillam dextram adversarij manu sinistra adprehendas, eumque in latus dextrum convertas. Verum subito insequutus collum eius figito.	[4r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 004r.jpg 4r.
		Two other inward takings away which lead to an arm break Item: conduct yourself thus with this device. Stand with your right foot forward. If he then also stands against you with his right foot set forward with you in equal effort and [you] have thus bound one another inwardly with your daggers, thus pull [it] immediately nimbly and change it through from below and stab him outwardly at his right arm. If he should stab thus at you, so take it away with your dagger on your arm, immediately stab nimbly from above at his face. If he should set off this stab, thus pull above and stab him from below at his right side. If he should thus stab doubly at you thus set it off with your dagger and grab with your left hand forward at his point. If he has thus seized you and desires to take your dagger, so release it to him. Immediately grab with your right hand in front on his right and with the left well behind his right elbow, step with your left foot behind his right, immediately wind him above from you and below to you, thus you break his arm.	[4v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 004v.png 4v.	[212v] Zway andere Inwendige abnemen, daraus die armbruch gond Item schick dich also mit disem stuck, stand mit deinem rechten fuß vor, steet er dan auch gegen dir seinem rechten fuß furgesetzt mit dir in gleicher arbait, und habt also einander mit *euren Tolche Inwendig angebunden, so zuck in des behend, und wechsel Im von unden durch, und stich In außwendig nach seinem rechten arm. Sticht er dir also zu, so nimb Im das ab mit deinem Tolchen auff deinem arm, In des stich Im behend von oben nach seinem gesicht. Versetzt er dir den stich, so zuch oben, un stich Im unden nach seiner rechten seiten. Sticht er dir also zwifach ein, so setz Im auff mit deinem Tolchen, und greif mit deiner lingken hand nach seinem vordern ort. Hat er dich also gefaßt, und begert dir den Tolche zu nemen, so laß Im den. In des greiff mit deiner rechte hand vornen auf sein rechte, und mit der lincken wol hinder seinem rechten elnbogen; trit mit deinem lingken fuß hinder seinen rechten. In des wind In oben von dir, und unden zu dir, so brichst du Im den arm.	[212v] Duae aliae interiores auersiones, unde infringendorum brachiorum habitus formantur Dextrum pedem, si ad hostem propius accesseris preponas. Et si is uicissim dextro innitens contra te constiterit, parique labore seu pugnu tecum concertet, necnon pugiones inuicem contigeritis interius, pugione tuo quantum poteris celerrime retracto, inferneque circumvoluto, dextrum eius brachium exterius pungito. Sed si hostis eadem ratione te adgredi conetur, pugione imposito brachio, eius impetum auertere non dubites, uersum confestim superne eius uisum pungere conaberis. Sin eum conatum repellere tentarit, pugione superne arrepto, inque punctionem supernam aptato, inferne latus hostis dextrum figito. Ceterum aduersarius cum gemina punctione contra te utatur, pugionem eius manu pugionem tenenti adiungito manuque sinistra mucronem anteriorem adprehendito. Sed si te consimili modo corripuerit, uolueritque pugionem manibus tuis extorquere, eum hosti permittas, uerum dextra manu, adversarij dextra anterius correpta, sinistra uero eius brachij partem secundum cubitum dextrum, et si pedem sinistrum, eius dextro postposueris, atque abs te brachium eius auerteris superne, inferne attraxeris, brachium aduersarij confringes.	[4v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 004v.jpg 4v.
		A face thrust against a lower taking away Item: Conduct yourself thus. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger in your left hand upright against his face. If he should then stand also against you with his right foot forward and holds his dagger up, the thumb on the pommel, the point against the man, so follow with your right leg in after and thrust him at his face. If he thus thrusts above at you, so wind your blade on your arm, immediately go well up in front of your face and take away his stab on your right side. Immediately step in with your left leg and thrust him doubly at his face or the breast. If he takes away your [thrust], so spring with your right foot in [the] triangle and thrust him therewith at his right side. If he thus thrusts at you, so set his [thrust] aside, immediately tear after him and seek his next [nearest?] opening If he has set himself forward, so change through nimbly and thrust at his genitals. If you become aware of this thrust, so fall to him with your left hand on his right and remove his thrust therewith. Immediately stab nimbly at this face and step back into a good stance.	[5r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 005r.png 5r.	[213r]	[213r] Impulsus quo uisus adpetitur, addito inferne auersionis habitu. In habitum modo commemoratum ea ratione te componere necesserit, sinistro pedem preposito, in manu sinistra pugionem directe contra hostis uisum teneas. Et si uicissim is pedem dextrum preponens contra te constiterit, tenensque super dextrum pugionem, pollex nodo eius impositus, mucro contra hostem porrectus sit, si fueris pedem dextro consequutus, uisum eius pulsato. Verum si hostis idem contra te usurparit, pugionem supra brachium tuum deflecte, atque sursum si leuaris, uersum latus dextrum punctionem hostilem repelles: postea autem sinistro pede insequutus, gemina punctione eius uisum uel pectus configito. Excipiente id aduersario, in triangulum dextro prosilias, et latus hostis dextrum tundas. Eius uero impetum, si idem contra te usurparit, repellas. Sed ex eo habitu urgendo hostem insequutus, nuditates eius proximas explorabis. Sin autem id remouerit, celeriter pugione circumflexo pudenda eius *quassabis. Cum uero ab eo idem contra te parari senseris, tum sinistram manum hostis dextræ adiungas, et impulsum eius si remoueris, uisumque celeriter pupugoris, in tuta tui defensione ab eo recedere memineris.	[5r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 005r.jpg 5r.
		A low taking away against a high face thrust Item: Conduct yourself thus in the taking away. Stand with your right foot forward and hold your dagger in front of your right knee. If he then stands also with his right foot against you, his dagger in the High against your face, the thumb on his pommel, so follow with your left leg in after and go from below up with the Shears and thrust at his face. If he thus thrusts at your face, so take notice even as [he thrusts] and grab with your left hand inwardly on his right arm and set away his thrust therewith, immediately stab doubly at his face. If he thus stabs doubly at you, so take that away with your dagger; immediately set your left hand under his right elbow and shove him from you on your right side. If he desires to shove you thus from himself, so step in with your left leg and grab with your left hand on his left. Press therewith under yourself, thus you will free yourself from him. Immediately thrust him nimbly in his face and simultaneously in the thrust grab with your left hand under his right armpit and shove him with strength from you.	[5v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 005v.png 5v.	[213v]	[213v]	[5v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 005v.jpg 5v.
		A free thrust against a low rising Item: conduct yourself thus with this device. Stand with [your] feet equally together, your right arm with the dagger well above your head. Immediately step in with your right leg and stab at his face. If he thrusts thus at you and you stand with your left foot forward in the Scales, the left hand by your left knee, the dagger well behind by your right leg, so step in toward [him] with your right foot. Immediately go up and take his thrust away with your left hand out of the half-Shears. Immediately thrust him in his face or the breast. If he thus takes away the thrust, so wind nimbly through again from his left on his right side into his face. If he thus thrusts doubly at you, so set your right leg back and set it off from inside out so that the dagger lies on your right arm. Immediately step in with your right leg again and with the left spring out on his right side so you have a complete thrust at him. Immediately change yourself doubly back from him.	[6r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 006r.png 6r.	[214r]	[214r] Habitus liberi impulsus contra eum impulsum qui sursum regitur. Quum rite habitu praenomiato uti uoles, paribus tibijs consistas brachium dextrum pugionem tenens egregie tollas ultra caput tuum, te* ea igitur forma intro procedas pedem dextro, et pugionem uisuj hostis impellas. Sed si is idem contra te usurparit sinistrum preponentem, inque libra consistentem, id ist corpore uersus terram proclinato, manum sinistra iuxta genum sinistrum tenentem pugionem *retro pedem dextrum, tum dextro consequitor, et sursum pugione sublato manu sinistra eius impulsum ex habitu medie* forpicis, id autem* fiet, anteque manus instar* crucis formentur, atque uisum aduersarij impulsu sauciato uel pectus. Sin uero is exceperit impulsum, pugionem ex latere hostis sinistro uersus dextrum convertes mutando contra eius visum. Cum autem gemino impulsu te adversarius adgreditur ratione eadem, dextrum pedem reducito, atque tum exterius tum interius eum repellas pugione brachio dextro imposito. Verum inde rursus dextro intro procedas, sinistro autem prosiliendo in latus aduersarij dextrum directo, firmum impulsum habebis, interim uero gradu gemino ab hoste recedas pugione athletice gubernando.	[6r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 006r.jpg 6r.
		A setting aside out of the Shears against a left face thrust Item, conduct yourself thus in the Shears. Stand with your left foot forward, your dagger in front by your left knee, the thumb by the rondel, the left arm crosswise on your right. If he then stands thus against you with his left foot forward, the dagger in his left hand, in the High and desires to thrust at your face, so step in with your right leg and go up out of the Shears. Immediately set aside the thrust with your left arm and with the right arm thrust him over his left arm at his face. If he then takes away your thrust with his dagger on his left arm, so change through immediately nimbly from his left onto his right side. If he thus thrusts doubly at you, so take your dagger out of the left hand in your right and take that away in front on your dagger. Immediately step with your right foot behind his right and stab him doubly at his right side. If he thus stabs in doubly, so take that away from your right side and spring with your left foot behind him on his right side; immediately snatch his right arm and stab and shove him therewith from you.	[6v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 006v.png 6v.	[214v]	[214v] Auersionis effigies ex habitu forpicis contra impulsum sinistrum, quo uisus adpetitur. In habitum modo praedictum hac ratione te compones, sinistrum pedem preponere memineris, pugio iuxta genu sinistrum loictur, pollex iuxta laminam rotundam, que sita est infra capulum, brachium sinistrum dextro instar crucis imponatur. Et si aduersarius contra te sinistro innitens pede constiterit, pugione in manu sinistra sublato, uisum tuum adpetere moliatur, dextro pede intro concedas, et ex habitu praedicto, scilicet forpicis forma sursum si pugionem direxeris, hostis impetum ea ratione repellas brachio sinistro, Verum dextro supra* eius brachium sinistrum directo eius uisum pulsabis. Sed si is impulsum tuum consimili modo pugione brachio suo laeuo imposito repulerit, confestim de latere aduersarij sinistro in dextrum, pugionem conuerte. Hoste aut te gemino impulsu adgrediente, tum dextra manu arrepto pugione, parte eius anteriori hostem auertito, Verum subito dextram pedem retro eius dextram locabis, et latus aduersarij dextrum gemino ictu punges. Sin uero is idem conetur, de dextro eum repellas latere tuo, atque si pedem sinistrum resiliende* collocaris, in latus hostis dextrum, arripuerisque eius brachium dextrum, pungendo eum repellere memineris.	[6v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 006v.jpg 6v.	[37r] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 37r.png 37r.
		A Face Thrust with a Throw Item: When you go to him from the onset, so stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger well in the High over your head against his face. If you then stand thus against him with your left foot well forward in the Scales and he desires to thrust to your face, so go with your dagger up against his breast and do as if you want to complete the thrust. Immediately snatch with your left hand his left leg and tug with it over itself so you may throw him. Simultaneously lay your dagger outwardly on your right arm, therewith you can take his thrust away. If he has thus seized you and desires to throw you, so follow with your body powerfully in towards [him] as if you want to fall on him. Immediately grab with your left hand on his left elbow inwardly and shove him therewith from you, so he must release you. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand behind around his body and with the right between both his legs and throw him in front of yourself, out and away.	[7r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 007r.png 7r.	[215r]	[215r] Impulsus quo visus sauciatur, addito modo per quem hostis prosterni potest. Quum ad hostem in congressu accesseris, pedem sinistrum prefiges, pugionem supra caput tuum contra visum hostis porrectum attolles: Sin autem contra hostem constiteris in habitu libre, id est corpore uersus terram proclinato, sinistro itidem pede innitens, hostisque uisum adpetierit impulsu, tum sursum tendas contra pectus aduersarij, et quasi impulsum perficere uolueris simulato, sed interea eius pedem sinistrum manu leua arripe, sursum si leuaris, aduersarium sternere poteris: postea pugionem brachio dextro adplicabis exterius, quo impulsus ipsius repellere possis. Sin autem hostis te eo ratione fuerit complexus, et prosternere molitus, corpore tuo egregie porrecto consequitor, tanque in eum concidere uolueris. Interim uero manu sinistra, hostis cubitum sinistrum adprehende interius, et si eum ex hoc habitu propuleris, efficies ut is te missum facere cogatur, postea pugione reiecto, manuque leua secundum ilia corpore eius adprehenso, dextra uero intra pedem utrumque iniecta, hostem prosternas.	[7r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 007r.jpg 7r.
		The Shears against the setting aside with a winding Item: hold yourself thus with the Shears. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger against the man. Immediately step in with your right leg and go well up with the Shears in the High to his face with a thrust. If he thus thrusts at you and you stand with your right foot forward, the dagger inside on your right arm, so go up with the same arm and take away his thrust with your dagger. Immediately grab with your left hand on his right elbow. Seize him thereby and thrust him over his right arm at his face If he becomes aware of the thrust and takes yours away with his left hand, so tug above and thrust to him below at his genitals. If he thus thrusts below at you, so set your right leg back and take away his thrust with the left hand; and with the right stab at his breast. Immediately nimbly step doubly back in [toward him] so that you have your thumb out on the rondel. Immediately snatch his right arm and thrust at his throat, pull back [withdraw] therewith in a good stance.	[7v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 007v.png 7v.	[215v]	[215v] Forpicis habitus et effigies contra auersionem addita intorsionis forma Pedem sinistrum, si rite hac forma uti uoles, preponas pugionem contra hostem porrigas, et si subsequutus fueris dextro, sursum ex effigie forpicis pugionem gubernes, atque uisum hostis pungas. Sed si idem contra te moliatur, dextram prefigentem pugionem* interius brachio dextro impositum si tenueris, sursum tendas, eodemque brachio aduersarij impetum repellas postea manu sinistra cubitum ipsius dextrum adprehendas, atque eo correpto, contra uisum super eius brachio dextro pugione directo, pungas. Sin autem aduersarius id aniaduerterit, manuque sinistra te repellat, tum quasi superne eum pungendo adgredi uolueris, inferne tum eius pudenda pugiones mucronem adgreditor. Verum si is te eadem ratione adpetierit, dextrum pedem referes, manuque sinistra ipsius conatum repellas, dextra uero pectus eius fodito. Sed interim gemino gradu sursus ad hostem procedas, eoque modo pugionem teneas, ut pollex sit supra rotundam laminam situs, et correpto hostis brachio dextro, collum eius fodito, hoc igitur negocio confecto ab aduersario recedas.	[7v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 007v.jpg 7v.	[37v] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 37v.png 37v.
		An outward arm break from which a throw goes Item: when with the onset you come to the man, so stand with your left foot forward and stab at his right leg. If you then stand against him thus with your right foot forward and he stabs the same against you, so stab also simultaneously with him in at his left leg. If he then stabs also simultaneously with you in at your left leg, so grab with your left hand at his right, with your dagger behind his right elbow. Immediately so wind yourself with your left shoulder under his right elbow so you break his arm therewith. If he desires thus to break your arm, so step with your left leg behind his right and set your left hand behind his right elbow, so you throw him on his left side and become free of the arm break without any harm.	[8r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 008r.png 8r.	[216r]	[216r] Forma qua brachium aduersarij exterius infringi luet, unde habitus aduersarij sternendi procedit. Si gladiando athletice ad hostem prope accesseris, pedem sinistrum si preposueris, dextrum pedem eius punges. sin autem dextra innitens constiteris, atque is eundem fodere conetur...	[8r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 008r.jpg 8r.
		A setting-off out of the Strong against a face thrust Item: conduct yourself thus in this setting off out of the Strong. Stand with your left foot forward and hold the dagger in both hands. If he then stands also against you with his right foot forward and goes against you with a face thrust, so go well over yourself against him with your dagger and catch the stab between both hands on your blade. Immediately grab with your left hand behind his pommel and press the point of his dagger into his face. If he thus shoves your point to the face, so grab with your left hand on his left arm and shove it from yourself so you will be free of the stab. Immediately stab him at his breast. If he sets that off, so change through immediately nimbly and stab him at his face. If he thus stabs you a double one, so step with your right leg well into him and take that away with your half dagger. Immediately wind through to him in front of his face and thrust in doubly therewith.	[8v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 008v.png 8v.	[216v]	[216v] Defensio ex fortitudine contra impulsum quo uisus foditur. Ad eum igitur habitum hac ratione te componas, pedem sinistrum prefigere memento, pugionemque manu utraque contineas. Sin autem aduersarius contra te pede dextro constiterit, nec non uisum adpetat, tum pugionis mucrone, sursum pugione sublato, intra manum utramque punctionem eius excipies. post haec manu leua corripies nodum pugionis hostiles, mucronemque in faciem hostis conuertes. Sin autem aduersarius eadem moliatur, manu sinistra brachium eius itidem sinistrum si adprehenderis, et propuleris hostem, a periculo hostilis punctionis liberaberis, interea autem celeriter pectus eius fodito. Excipiente id aduersario, celeriter mutato ictu uisum hostis punges. Quum uero is gemina punctione aduersus te usus fuerit, dextro pede contra hostem intro procedas, medietateque pugionis excipies eius conatum, inde *vero in conspectu eius, pugione rotato uisum punctione gemina sauciabis.	[8v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 008v.jpg 8v.
		A throw with a turner Item: conduct yourself thus with this onset. Stand with your right foot forward and hold your dagger against him, the thumb by your rondel. If he then stands also thus against you with a stab, his right foot set in front, so follow with your left leg behind and travel to him with your dagger, the right hand under around his leg. Heave therewith over him and with the left hand shove him above by his right arm from you, so you turn him and can also throw. If he is thus set on to you above and below and desires to throw you, so turn yourself immediately nimbly on your right side and grab him with your left hand above on his right; press therewith strongly under him so you will be free of him. Immediately set your left foot in front, seize him by his left arm and stab him to his throat. If he sets off the stab, so wind nimbly doubly through and stab him in his face. Immediately shove him from you therewith.	[9r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 009r.png 9r.	[217r]	[217r] Modus hostis sternendi addito habitu, quo hostis conuertitur Sic te ad hunc habitum adaplabis, dextrum pedem preponere memineris, contra hostem pugione contineas, pollex lamine rotunde adponatur. Si autem contra te is uicissim in habitu punctionis constiterit, preposito dextro, pede in sinistro consequitor, et pugione in dextra manu sito interne circum hostis pedem directo, si leuaris sursum, atque sinistra superne iuxta brachium eius dextrum propuleris, hostis conuertetur, simulque eum sternere poteris. Cum uero eadem contra te moliatur, in latus tuum dextrum te conuertas, manumque sinistram si eius dextre adiunxeris superne, fortiter supprimito deorsum, et te liberabis. Confestim uero sinistro procedas pede, et brachium sinistrum si adprehenderis, collum aduersarij fodito. Sin autem id remouerit, dupliciter pugione mutato uisum eius adgreditor pungendo, eoque habitu abs te hostem remoueto.	[9r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 009r.jpg 9r.
		An inwinding from which an arm break goes Item: conduct yourself thus in this device/play/bit/encounter. Wind yourself with stabbing and thrusting toward him so that your left foot stands forward, your thumb under by your rondel. If he then stands also thus against you with his right foot forward his thumb above on the pommel and stabs above to your face, thus go toward his stab and set it aside between both your hands on your dagger so that the point stands in front against him. Immediately wind in with your point above over his right arm, thus you are able to break his arm. If has thus set you aside and wishes to break your arm thus, step toward him with your left leg and grip with your left hand on his right elbow, shove him therewith over himself so you will be free of him. Immediately stab him in his face or the breast. If he thus stabs in at you above thus take it away from him with your dagger on your right arm from inside and outside. Immediately tug as if you would like to thrust to his face and change your dagger out of your right hand into your left. Immediately step with your right foot toward him and thrust to his genitals. Step therewith twice back away from him.	[9v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 009v.png 9v.	[217v]	[217v] Intorsionis forma, unde brachiij confringendi modus formatur. Pugione rotando contra hostem procedito. Si rite hoc habitu uti uoles, ita tamen te accomodabis, ut pedem laevum preponas, pollex iuxta laminam rotundam consistat, et si aduersarius uicissim contra te dextrum preposuerit, pollicem nodo pugionis adplicarit, atque superne uisum pungere conetur hostis tuum, eius punction obviabis, atque intra manum utramque eius conatum pugione tuo excipies ita *tamen, ut mucro pugionis contra hostem sit porrectus, inde uero si superne super hostis brachiam dextram, pugionis intorseris mucronem, brachium eius confringere licebit. sin autem aduersarius cupiverit tibi infringere brachium, intro procedas pede sinistro, arreptoque manu sinistra, hostis dextro cubito, si sursum leuaris, liber redderis, interea autem uisum eius uel pectus fodito. Verum si is idem perficere conetur, eius conatum pugione brachio dextro adplicato cum interius tum exterius repellas. Post haec, quasi superne uisu eius adpetere pungendo uelis te simulato, manu sinistra pugione rapito, atque insequutus dextro pede, aduersarij pudenda pungendo sauciabis, geminoque gradu ab eo recedas.	[9v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 009v.jpg 9v.
		A genital thrust against a face thrust Item: Hold yourself thus with this bit: Set your right foot in front and hold your thumb above on your pommel. If he then stands also thus against you with his right foot forward thus stab him in his genitals. If he should thus stab at you, thus take it away with your dagger on your arm. Immediately stab him in the face. If he becomes aware of this stab and sets you aside thus tug your dagger nimbly above and thrust in his right side. If he should thus thrust at you, thus take that away with your dagger blade on your right side. Immediately step with your left leg outward in front of his right and stab at his throat [neck]. If he should set you aside thus grip with your left hand inward around his right arm so you take away his setting aside and have again a complete thrust to his face. If he should thus thrusts twice at you thus nimbly snatch with your left hand his right. Immediately change twice through at his breast and step therewith back in a good setting aside.	[10r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 010r.png 10r.	[218r]	[218r] Impetus quo pudenda petuntur, contra visus impulsum Dextrum pedem, si ad hostem accesseris, prepones, et pollicem nodo adplicabis. Et si is uicissim contra te dextrum preponens constiterit, pudenda eius fodito. Sed si hostis simili ratione te fuerit adgressus, tum brachio dextro pugione imposito eam repellas. Verum subito inde uisum ipsius pungas. Animadvertente id hoste, atque excipiente, pugionem quasi superne in hostem figere uelis, repente latus dextrum eius haurias. Ceterum si contigerit, ut is eadem contra te moliatur, pugionis media eum conatum remoueas, uersus latus tuum dextrum, interea autem pedem sinistrum, aduersarij dextro exterius prepones atque collum eius punges. Sin is repulerit eum impetum, manu sinistra partem brachij interiorem arripias hostis dextri, et ea ratione eius defensionem irritabis, simulque habere poteris impetum firmum contra aduersarij uisum. Verum si gemino impulsu te vicissim adgreditur hostis eius manum dextram si laeua confestim corripueris, mutatoque dupliciter pugione uersus pectus eius, in tuta tuj defensione recedere memineris.	[10r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 010r.jpg 10r.
		An entry with a throw Item: conduct yourself thus in this approach: stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb by your rondel. If he then stands also thus against you with this right foot forward and thrusts at your face, thus grip [grab] with your left hand well in front on his right [hand?], thus his stab is set aside. Immediately travel with your right hand with the dagger round his right leg well into the hollow of his knee and tug [pull] therewith around well toward yourself. Pull with [the dagger] below well toward yourself and shove above from yourself thus you throw him back.	[10v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 010v.png 10v.	[218v]	[218v] Ingressus, addito habitu prosternendi hostis Hac forma si rite utj uoles, sinistrum pedem preponere non dubites, pollicemque juxta rotundam laminam pugionis colloces. Et si aduersarius uicissim contra te constiterit dextrum preponens, atque uisum tuum pungere molitur, tum derepente eius manum dextram anterius manu sinistra si corripueris, ab eius impetu te securum et tutum reddes. Verum inde manu dextra addito pugione, eius poplitem pedis dextri adprehende, inferne eo modo, si firmiter adtraxeris, superne autem propuleris, supinum hostem prosternes.	[10v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 010v.jpg 10v.
		A breast thrust with a genital thrust Item: conduct yourself thus with this approach: Stand with your left foot forward your thumb on your pommel and thrust at his breast. If he should thus thrust at you, so take it away from him with the blade of your dagger and thrust at his genitals. If you become aware of the thrust at the genitals, so fall to him with your left hand on his right; turn his dagger [marginalia] therewith from you, thus you stab him in his genitals. If he should thus shove your dagger at you, thus set your right leg nimbly back so you will avoid his stabs. Immediately step with your right foot nimbly again towards him and go to him with your dagger to his face. If he thus thrusts at you to your face, thus set that aside between both hands on your dagger blade. Immediately catch his dagger on your dagger and step with your right leg in front of his right. Immediately wind to him your pommel over his right hand, so he must leave you the dagger. If he has thus taken your dagger, so travel to him with your right hand forward around his throat so you throw him over your right leg.	[11r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 011r.png 11r.	[219r] Page:Cod.10825 219r.jpg	[219r] Page:Cod.10825 219r.jpg	[11r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 011r.jpg 11r.
		An entry from which an arm break goes Item: conduct yourself thus: set your left [marginalia] foot forward and go from below up to his face. If he then also stands against you with his right foot forward, so seize your dagger, the thumb by your rondel, and thrust to him from above at his face. If he thus thrusts above at you so bind equally with him. Immediately grip with your left hand above over his right arm and seize the dagger and the arm together. Immediately wind with your dagger on your right so you break his arm. If he has thus seized you and desires to break your arm, so step with your left leg toward him. Immediately grip with your left hand in front on his right, press therewith under yourself so you will be free of him. Immediately stab him at his face or the breast. If he thus thrusts at you, so set your left leg back and set him aside with your dagger blade from one side to the other. Immediately take two steps towards him and stab him below and above at his openings.	[11v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 011v.png 11v.	[219v] Page:Cod.10825 219v.jpg	[219v] Page:Cod.10825 219v.jpg	[11v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 011v.jpg 11v.
		A genital thrust with a throw Item: when you both in the onset come together so, stand with your right foot forward and stab at his genitals. If he thus stabs at you below and you stand with your right foot forward, so seize your dagger in both hands and press away therewith his low thrust. If he has thus taken your thrust away so step with your left leg in front on his right foot. Immediately grip with your left hand behind around his neck and tug therewith strongly toward yourself so you will throw him in front underneath yourself. If you want to counter that, so release your right hand from your dagger and grip therewith well under his left elbow. Immediately shove strongly away from yourself so you can throw him and so you will be free from his hurts.	[12r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 012r.png 12r.	[220r] Page:Cod.10825 220r.jpg	[220r] Page:Cod.10825 220r.jpg	[12r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 012r.jpg 12r.
		An arm break with a face thrust Item: conduct yourself thus: stand with your right foot forward and stab equally in with him. Immediately let your dagger fall and grip with your right hand well behind his right elbow and with the left well forward by his right hand. Immediately twist therewith from yourself so you will break his arm. If you want to prevent him breaking the arm, so let your dagger also fall and grip with your left hand forward on his right. Press therewith below him thus you will be free of the arm break. Immediately step with your left leg in front of his right and seize him with your left hand by his neck so you will throw him over the same leg.	[12v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 012v.png 12v.	[220v] Page:Cod.10825 220v.jpg	[220v] Page:Cod.10825 220v.jpg	[12v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 012v.jpg 12v.
		An attack [onfall, onslaught] with a throw Item: if you both come together in the onset so, stand with your left foot forward and hold the thumb by your rondel. Immediately step with your right leg into him and stab him from below at his face. If you then stand with your left foot against him and he thus stabs at you, so go to him with a thrust from above in against [him] in front over his right hand. Immediately grip with your right hand on his dagger and turn therewith the point over itself. If he has thus seized your dagger, so step with your left leg inwindingly behind his left and seize with your left hand by his left shoulder. Immediately tug above strongly and strike your foot to him below so you may throw him. If he wishes thus to throw you, so release your right hand from your dagger and set to him well under his left arm pit. Shove him therewith over himself from you. Immediately stab him with your left hand at his face so you will be free of his.	[13r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 013r.png 13r.	[221r] Page:Cod.10825 221r.jpg	[221r] Page:Cod.10825 221r.jpg	[13r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 013r.jpg 13r.
		A breast thrust against a setting aside Item: conduct yourself thus with this device in the onset. Wind yourself with stabs and with thrusts into him so that your right leg comes forward. Immediately wind your thrust behind your head to his breast. If he should stab thus at you, so step in with your right leg and set it aside between both your hands on your dagger. So if he has thus set your stab aside, so grip with your left hand toward the inside on his left arm, push strongly therewith under him on your right side. Immediately set your right leg back and tug your dagger nimbly toward yourself. Immediately stab him in his face. If he stabs thus at you so lay your dagger blade on your arm and take that away therewith. Immediately nimbly take two steps forward and seek the closest opening. If he sets off this of yours so tug above and thrust below at him at his genitals. Immediately set your left leg behind his right and rotate yourself therewith back away from him.	[13v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 013v.png 13v.	[221v] Page:Cod.10825 221v.jpg	[221v] Page:Cod.10825 221v.jpg	[13v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 013v.jpg 13v.
		A turner [change over] Item: conduct yourself thus in this onset. Stand with your left foot forward and stab him at his left side. If he stabs thus at you and you stand with your right foot forward, so set him aside with your dagger blade on your arm. Immediately grab with your left hand his right arm, push therewith below under him and stab him above at his face. If he stabs thus at you, so grip with your left hand on his right and let your dagger fall. Immediately grip with your right hand in the left hand’s place and with the left on his right shoulder and turn him therewith on his right side. If he thus turns you, so take your dagger in the left hand, immediately step with your right foot well forward in front of yourself and turn yourself immediately nimbly and stab him in his left side. If he thus thrusts at you so grip with your right hand well in front on his left arm and with the left on his dagger so wind it out of his hands. If he has taken your dagger, so step with your right foot behind his left, immediately set with your right hand forward on this throat and with the left between his genitals and throw him back therewith.	[14r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 014r.png 14r.	[222r] Page:Cod.10825 222r.jpg	[222r] Page:Cod.10825 222r.jpg	[14r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 014r.jpg 14r.
		A dagger taking Item: conduct yourself thus in the dagger taking. Stand with your left foot forward and stab at his face. If he then thus stabs to your face, so go toward him with a stab from below; so his stab is set aside. Immediately grip with your left hand in front on his dagger. If he has attacked you thus on your dagger so grip also with your left hand well forward on his dagger and push therewith strongly below yourself on your left side. If he pushes you then with strength underneath himself so let go of your dagger and nimbly snatch his away; thus he must let you have it. Immediately spring on his right side and stab him in his right arm. If he thus stabs at you, so step back with your right leg and set that aside in front on your dagger. Immediately allow your dagger to nimbly attack from above with winding and stab his right side. And step therewith back into a good stance.	[14v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 014v.png 14v.	[222v] Page:Cod.10825 222v.jpg	[222v] Page:Cod.10825 222v.jpg	[14v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 014v.jpg 14v.
		A crossed dagger-taking Item: When you both come together with the onset your right leg set before you and equally stab in with each other, so grip with your left hand nimbly over your right arm at his point. If he has thus seized your dagger so grip also with your left hand on his dagger. So you are with each other in equal struggle [work]. Immediately wind his dagger over your right arm on your left side and push your dagger with strength also over his right arm so he must release both daggers to you. If he has then all two [both] of the daggers so grip nimbly both his arms and heave [lift] them strongly and press therewith under him. If he then presses thus under himself so wind with both your arms [in] over his arm. If he has thus wound over you, so grip with your left hand in front on his left and with the right on his dagger by his grip, so he must then release the dagger to you. Immediately tear him [it] away and stab him doubly at his face. Tug [zucken] [Latin – to withdraw] therewith back with a good stance.	[15r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 015r.png 15r.	[223r] Page:Cod.10825 223r.jpg	[223r] Page:Cod.10825 223r.jpg	[15r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 015r.jpg 15r.	[38r] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 38r.png 38r.
		A hand pushing from which a throw goes Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. With the onset wind yourself with stabs and with thrusts [so take two steps towards] doubly to him so that your left leg comes forward. Immediately step with the same feet together and stab him above at this face. If he stabs thus at your face and you stand with your right foot forward against him, the thumb on your pommel, so step with your left leg inward [towards him] and set this of his aside with your dagger on your arm. Immediately wind through from his left to his right side and stab him at his face. If he thus stabs in [at you]so take that of his away with your dagger and grip with your left hand at his right and stab him therewith at his breast. If he stabs thus at [you] so grip with your left hand inwardly on his right arm; so is his thrust taken away. If you have thus both grabbed each other let your dagger fall and press both his hands together. Immediately turn yourself with your left shoulder under both his arms so you may throw him or break the arm.	[15v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 015v.png 15v.	[223v] Page:Cod.10825 223v.jpg	[223v] Page:Cod.10825 223v.jpg	[15v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 015v.jpg 15v.
		An arm break with a throw from the heels Item: conduct yourself thus: with the onset when you come before the man stand with your right foot in front and stab him from above at his face or the breast. If you stand then also thus against him with the same feet together [equally] so step with your right foot outwardly in front of his right and go against [towards] his thrust. Immediately stab him in his right side. If he stabs you thus at your right, so attack from above his right arm with your dagger and press his arm under your right armpit. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand on his right shoulder and with the right under his right elbow. Immediately strike him in the heels [haacken] on the right leg. So you can break his arm or throw him. If you want to break that, so attack with your left hand his chin in front shove therewith strongly behind him so he must let you go or you throw him.	[16r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 016r.png 16r.	[224r] Page:Cod.10825 224r.jpg	[224r] Page:Cod.10825 224r.jpg	[16r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 016r.jpg 16r.
		A face stab against the shears Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb by your rondel, the point against the man. Immediately go out and step with your right leg towards him and stab at him from above with strength at his face. If he then thus stabs at you and you, with your left leg forward, stand against him so step with your right outwardly behind his right. Immediately go from below well up with the shears and take his stab away. If he has thus taken away your stab, grip with your left hand in front on his right and wind his hand so that the point is turned [twisted] over him. So if you both have thus set on one another, so let your dagger fall and grip with your right hand at his right leg and with your left under his left armpit with crossed arms so you may throw him from the shears.	[16v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 016v.png 16v.	[224v] Page:Cod.10825 224v.jpg	[224v] Page:Cod.10825 224v.jpg	[16v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 016v.jpg 16v.
		An entry with an arm break from the outside Item: conduct yourself thus in this onset. Stand with your right foot forward. If he then also stands against you with his right foot forward so stab him from above at his face. If he thus stabs at your face so stab in also equally with him. Simultaneously set aside his stab with your right arm. If he thus sets aside your stab so attack him from above with your right hand with the dagger forward over his right arm and with the left hand set in behind his right elbow. Wind over him so that his right arm is under him, so you will break it. If he thus desires to break your arm, so set your right leg inwardly in front of his right. Immediately grip with your left hand well behind his right elbow, shove him therewith over himself so you will be free of [his] grip. Immediately step doubly at him and stab at his face.	[17r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 017r.png 17r.	[225r] Page:Cod.10825 225r.jpg	[225r] Page:Cod.10825 225r.jpg	[17r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 017r.jpg 17r.
		A Taking away against a Genital thrust Item: comport yourself thus with this onset. When you come before the man, stand with your right foot forward. If he stands then thus against you with his right foot forward, so stab him at his face. If he stabs thus above at you so take that of his away with your left hand behind his right elbow, immediately stab him at his genitals. If he stabs at you thus below, so quickly snatch with your left hand his right and take that away therewith. Immediately set your right leg inwardly before his right and tug your dagger immediately quickly and stab him doubly at his face. If he stabs thus above at you, so take that of his away from the shears with your left arm. Immediately set your dagger to him at his neck. Strike him below at his heels and throw him backwards therewith.	[17v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 017v.png 17v.	[225v] Page:Cod.10825 225v.jpg	[225v] Page:Cod.10825 225v.jpg	[17v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 017v.jpg 17v.	[39r] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 39r.png 39r.
		Double face thrust Item: when you-all come together with the onset and both step in with right legs so stab him in his face. If you want to defend against this stab, so go also against him with a stab to his face. Immediately grip with your left hand behind his right elbow turn his stab therewith. If he has thus seized you and set your stab aside so seize your dagger in your left hand and stab at his breast and step back therewith. Immediately seize your dagger again in your right hand. If he has thus stepped back so tear doubly at him and seek his openings below and above. Immediately stab him therewith at his right side. If he then tears at you and stabs thus at you, so take away his stab. Immediately spring with your right foot well on his right side and stab him therewith at his neck. And pull yourself back from him into the change.	[18r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 018r.png 18r.	[226r] Page:Cod.10825 226r.jpg	[226r] Page:Cod.10825 226r.jpg	[18r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 018r.jpg 18r.
		A turner with a throw Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. Wind yourself with stabs and with thrusts at him [so] that your right leg in this onset comes forward. Immediately stab at his face. If you then also stand thus against him, with your right foot forward, and he thrusts at your face so stab against him outwardly over his right arm, thus his stab is taken away. Immediately wind therewith over his right arm [so] that your dagger stands over his at his back. Immediately grip in with your left hand between his legs so you can turn him and you can also throw him therewith.	[18v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 018v.png 18v.	[226v] Page:Cod.10825 226v.jpg	[226v] Page:Cod.10825 226v.jpg	[18v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 018v.jpg 18v.
		A throw from the Hook with a high setting aside Item: when you come with the onset in front of the man so stand with your left foot forward. If he stands then also against you with his right foot forward, so stab him at his breast such that the thumb stands by your rondel. If he stabs at you thus so set that aside with your left hand. Immediately, travel with your dagger around his neck and strike him below at the heels, so you may throw him. If you want to break that, so grip with your left hand in front on his left, free your dagger therewith [so] that you come in over both his hands and set to him behind his right elbow. Shove him therewith on his right side so you break all his work. Immediately spring with your left foot well on his right side and stab him therewith behind at his neck. Immediately pull yourself back into the Change away from him.	[19r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 019r.png 19r.	[227r] Page:Cod.10825 227r.jpg	[227r] Page:Cod.10825 227r.jpg	[19r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 019r.jpg 19r.
		A throw from the Hook out of which an arm break goes Item: conduct yourself thus with this device. In the onset set your left foot in front and hold your dagger with the thumb at your pommel. Immediately stab him at his right side. If he thus stabs at you, so fall with your left hand on his right so you take away his stab. Immediately stab him at his right side. Press his arm therewith under itself and strike the Hook around his right leg with your right foot. Simultaneously go with your right hand under his right arm pit well over itself and press his arm well under itself so you may throw him or break the arm. If he has you thus locked, so grip with your left hand behind his right elbow and tug down also strongly to yourself so you may throw him or break his arm.	[19v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 019v.png 19v.	[227v] Page:Cod.10825 227v.jpg	[227v] Page:Cod.10825 227v.jpg	[19v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 019v.jpg 19v.
		A dagger taking with an arm break Item: hold yourself thus with [scribal typo] this device. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb at your pommel. Immediately stab him at his face or the breast. If you then also thus stand against him with your left foot forward and he thus stabs at you from above, so stab also outwardly at him over his right arm at his face. And in the binding-on seize the two daggers together. If he has thus seized the two daggers together, so grip with your left hand behind his right elbow. Shove therewith strongly over itself so he must release to you your dagger again or you will break his arm. Immediately thrust nimbly at his face. If he thus thrusts at your face, so take that away from him on your right side with your dagger on your right arm. Immediately spring with your right foot on his right side and stab him behind at his neck or his right side. Change yourself thus twice back from him.	[20r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 020r.png 20r.	[228r] Page:Cod.10825 228r.jpg	[228r] Page:Cod.10825 228r.jpg	[20r] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 20r.png 20r.
		The Shears with two seizures Item: conduct yourself thus with the onset. Stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb by your rondel. Immediately stab him at his left side. If he thus stabs in at you and you stand with your right foot forward, the dagger in your left hand, the thumb at your pommel, with crossed arms, so fall to him with your right hand on his right [hand]. Immediately stab him under his right arm at his breast. If he thus stabs at you at your breast, so grip with your left hand in front on his dagger and wind it over his right arm so he must release his dagger to you. If he has thus wound your dagger out from you, so grip you also with your right hand in front on his dagger. Wind therewith over itself so you wind his dagger also out of the hand. Immediately step back with your right leg. If he then tears after you, so step again with your right leg and set aside his stab with your dagger on your right arm. Immediately stab him at his face and turn yourself therewith back from him.	[20v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 020v.png 20v.	[228v] Page:Cod.10825 228v.jpg	[228v] Page:Cod.10825 228v.jpg	[20v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 020v.jpg 20v.
		A face thrust with an arm break Item: hold yourself thus with this device in the onset. When you come before the man set your right foot forward and stab him at his left side [so] that you have your thumb by your rondel. If he should thus stab at you, and you stand with your right foot against him, so fall nimbly with your left hand on his dagger and wind it out of his hand, simultaneously stab him with your dagger in your right hand at his face. If he has thus taken your dagger and stabs at your face, so set your right foot between both his legs and grip with your left hand in front on his right and with the right hand under his right arm pit through there to his right arm. Immediately turn your shoulder well under his arm so you will break off the arm on [over] your shoulder. If he has thus seized you and desires to break your arm, so stab him with the dagger in your left hand - which you have taken from him - strongly to his face so he must release you. Immediately let your dagger fall and set your left foot behind his right and grip him with your left hand around his neck so you will throw him over that same leg. And [so] all his work is countered.	[21r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 021r.png 21r.	[229r] Page:Cod.10825 229r.jpg	[229r] Page:Cod.10825 229r.jpg	[21r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 021r.jpg 21r.	[38v] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 38v.png 38v.
		A throw against a face thrust Item: wind yourself in with stabs and thrusts in the onset against the man. And when you come before the man so set your right foot forwards and hold your dagger, the thumb by your rondel, and set yourself well down in the Scales. Reach therewith out of the Shears up before him. If he stands then with his right foot against you, his dagger well upright in the high [guard], the thumb on his pommel and desires to thrust in your face, so go to him with your right hand with your dagger around his right leg and with the left grip him at his right arm so his stab is taken away. If he has thus taken away your stab, so set to him with your left hand on his chin. If he has thus set upon you and wishes to make himself free, so follow after him with your left leg and shove him below and above well over himself so you throw him back.	[21v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 021v.png 21v.	[229v] Page:Cod.10825 229v.jpg	[229v] Page:Cod.10825 229v.jpg	[21v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 021v.jpg 21v.	[39v] Page:Cod.I.6.2º.4 39v.png 39v.
		A turner with a throw Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. Stand with your right foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb by the rondel, and stab him at his right side. If he then thus stands against you with his left foot forward, the dagger on [above] his left knee, the point against the man, so go out with your dagger and take that away from him on your right side. If he takes that away from you, so step with your left leg between both his legs. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand his right arm and with the right at his left turn him therewith away from you. Immediately grab with your right hand nimbly below at his right arm, the left around his neck, thus you break his arm or you throw him over your left leg.	[22r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 022r.png 22r.	[230r] Page:Cod.10825 230r.jpg	[230r] Page:Cod.10825 230r.jpg	[22r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 022r.jpg 22r.
		A throw Item: conduct yourself thus in this device to [about] the throw. Stand with your left foot forward and set yourself low in the Scales. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab him with both hands around his left leg in the hollow of the knee. Immediately follow in with your right foot and heave him well over himself. If he has thus seized you and desires to throw you, so let your dagger nimbly fall and grab him with both arms on his chest in under the armpits. Immediately press his head under himself with your chest and set yourself well low in the Scales so you will throw him over his head out and away.	[22v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 022v.png 22v.	[230v] Page:Cod.10825 230v.jpg	[230v] Page:Cod.10825 230v.jpg	[22v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 022v.jpg 22v.
		An entry with an arm break Item: conduct yourself thus in the onset. Stand with your left foot forward. If he then stands against you with his right foot forward, the dagger in the High against your face, the thumb on his pommel, and thrusts at you at your breast; so stab him simultaneously from outside against his right arm. Immediately wind your dagger over his arm and grab with your left hand in front on your point. Wind therewith the point over itself so you break his arm. If he wants thus to break your arm, so bend yourself well under yourself and grab with your left hand on his left leg. Heave therewith well over itself so he must release you, and throw him.	[23r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 023r.png 23r.	[231r] Page:Cod.10825 231r.jpg	[231r] Page:Cod.10825 231r.jpg	[23r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 023r.jpg 23r.
		A throw against a face thrust Item: hold yourself thus with this device. In the onset set your left foot forward and hold your dagger in your left hand. If he then stands thus against you with his right foot forward, so stab him from inside at his breast. Immediately travel to him with your left hand with the dagger well behind over his right arm so that the dagger stands in front by his right arm pit. Immediately grab him with your right hand from outside around his right leg; heave herewith well over itself and push above under itself so you will throw him and he can come to no more work.	[23v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 023v.png 23v.	[231v] Page:Cod.10825 231v.jpg	[231v] Page:Cod.10825 231v.jpg	[23v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 023v.jpg 23v.
		A throw out of the Shears Item: [first person starting in shears] Conduct yourself thus in the onset. Stand with your right foot forward and step well in to him in the bind. If he then also thus stands against you, with his right foot forward, and [he] binds simultaneously with you on the dagger, so step with your left leg in behind him and grab with your left hand at his right elbow. Turn him therewith away from you and with the right hand over his shoulder on his breast. If he has thus seized you for a throw, so stab between both your legs though at his genitals. If he thus stabs you at your genitals, so nimbly snatch his right hand with your left and throw him therewith in front of himself on his face.	[24r] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 024r.png 24r.	[232r] Page:Cod.10825 232r.jpg	[232r] Page:Cod.10825 232r.jpg	[24r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 024r.jpg 24r.
		How one should hold a thrown [man] Item: when you come together with the onset and simultaneously with one another have bound on and have come to a throw so conduct yourself thus. When you both have fallen so that his head comes between both your legs, immediately grab with your left hand between his genitals and with your right [hand] under his right armpit over his right arm so that his dagger lies over your arm, and kneel on his breast well by his neck so that you also trap his left hand with your leg. And if he strikes his right foot around the neck, so press him with your left hand at his genitals well under himself, so you hold him captive and he can do you no harm.	[24v] Page:MS Dresd.C.94 024v.png 24v.	[232v] Page:Cod.10825 232v.jpg	[232v] Page:Cod.10825 232v.jpg	[24v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 024v.jpg 24v.
		A seizure from which a throw goes at the dagger Item: Hold yourself thus in the approach. Stand with your right foot forward and hold the dagger in your right […] the point against the man. And step therewith with your left foot in with an over-stab so you have thrust at him in the face or the breast. If he wishes thus to stab at you and you stand in the Scales [with your] right foot forward with crossed arms and hold the dagger outward [on] your arm. So step out of the Shears with you left foot into him and in the […] handily in under his left foot set [the] leg inward [to] bend the knee joint in at […] the point stands outwardly over itself and step in so that your left foot well on his right knee joint and you stand with your body well between his two feet. Immediately […] so heave him there with his foot over itself. And with your left hand grab him nimbly therewith at his throat and shove therewith well above from yourself and under by the foot heave well over itself [so] you throw him back. If he he thus seized you above and below, so grab with your left [hand] and inwardly on his arm and thrust therewith strongly under itself, and with the high stab [thrust] strongly at the face or the breast so you make yourself free from the throw.		[233r] Ein fassen dasaus ein wuorff geet im Tolchen Item halt dich also im zufechten, stee mit deinem rechten fuoß vor, und halt den tolchen in deiner [rechten] den ort gegen dem Mann, und trit damit mit deinem lingken fuoß hinein mit ainam oberstich, so hast du im dem gesicht oder der bruost zuostechen, Begert er dir also zuozustechen, und du in der wagenem rechten fuoß vor Im steest, mit geschrenckten armen, und den tolchen außwendig die ??? deinem arm hast, so trit auos der Scher mit deinem lingken fuoß zuo Im hinein, und in dem?? Handigelich hinein under seinem lingken fuorgesetzten schenckel Inwendig buog der kniebüge hinan ??? der ort außwendig uobersich stand, und ein trit das dein lingken fuoß wol an sein rechte knie[büge] komb, und du wol mit deinem leib zwischen seinen beiden fuossen standest, Im dem […]so hab Im damit seinen fuoß übersich, und mit deiner linken hand greiff damit behend In […] nach seinem hals, und scheub damit oben wol von dir, und under beim fuoß heb wol uobersi[ch] würfst du in zuoruogk, hat er dich also oben und unden gefasst, so greiff mit deinerlingke[…] Im Inwendig in seinen arm, und stoß damit starck undersich, und mit dem obersich, st[…] starck nach dem gesicht oder der bruost, so machst du du dich aus dem wuorff ledig.	[233r]	[25r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 025r.jpg 25r.
		Another throw at the dagger Item [stind?]: If you both come together in the onset so that your left foot stands forward and you stand in the lower Scales and you have your dagger in the right hand, so lay the dagger’s blade outside on your arm and hold thus your hand with the dagger next to your right leg in the guard [posture, stance]. If he thus steps in front of you in the Scales and he stands with his [??lower??] [ge..nen] [ge..ch?] [tibia in Latin] leg upright in the high thrust the point turned against the man, so step with your left leg inwardly in front of his left and stab him therewith above at this face. If he thus thrusts also at your face, so grab with your left hand on his right arm and immediately stab him inwardly under his left leg in through and heave therewith his leg well over itself and shove above with the left his right well over itself, so you bring him into disorder [schwerhe] [weakness, hardship, trouble, difficulty, vulnerability, out of balance] and to the throw. If he has thus seized you below and above and brought you into disorder, so fall nimbly with your left upper hand on his left shoulder in around his neck and tug therewith strongly to yourself so he must fall to the ground with you. If he has thus seized you by the neck and wants to pull you with him in falling, so release your left hand from his right and strike with your left inwardly in the middle of his arm on your left side so he must let go the arm which he has he has thrown around your neck and you escape the fall.		[233v] Ein ander wurff im tolchenn. Item stind?? Ir baid in zuofechten zuosamen komen, das dein lingker fuoß vorsteet, und duo in in der undere wag steest, und deinen Tolch in der rechten hand hast, So leg den Tolche die klingen auosswendig auf deinen arm, und halt also dein hand mit dem Tolche neben deinem rechten schenckel in der huot, trit er also vor dir in [?der?] wag und ??? auffrecht mit seinen gechenen schencklen start in dem oberstich, den ort gegen dem Mann gewandt so trit mit deinem lingken schenckel Innwendig fuor seinen lingken hinein, und stich Im damit oben nach seinem gesicht, Sticht er dir also nach deinen gesicht, so greiff mit deiner lingken hand nach seinen rechten arm, und in dem stich Im Inwendig under seinem lingken schenckel hinduorch, und heb damit Im seinen schenckel wol uobersich, und scheuob obn mit der lingken, sien rechte wol uobersich, so bringst duo Im die schreeche?, und zum wuerff. hat er dick also unden und oben gefasst, und dich in der schneeche bracht, So fall behend mit deiner lingken obischen hand, auoff seiner lingken achsel hinuomb umg seinen hals, und zeuch damit stark zu dir. so muost er mit dir zu boden fallen, hat er dich also beim hals gefasst, und will dich mit Im inn fallen mit ziehen, so laß dein lingke hand von seiner rechten, und schlag mit deiner lingken Im Inwendig mitten in sein arm auff dein lingke seitten, so muoß er den arm so er dir umb den hals geschlagen hat, geen lossen??, und du entgeest Im aus dem fallen.	[233v]	[25v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 025v.jpg 25v.
		The lock with the dagger behind the throat at the neck Item: if you both stand with your left legs forward, upright before one another and you hold the dagger in your right hand, the thumb behind over the pommel, the man in the High [stance or guard] to a high stab, the point turned [against] the [man], so stab him from above at his face, and step therewith with your right leg into him so the [???] stab goes in powerfully. If he stabs thus at you and you stand with your left leg forward upright with the body and hold your dagger by the grip in the right hand so grab with the left hand well forward on your blade. Wind that in and go with upright arms in against his stab and take it away on your blade between both your hands and step therewith with your right leg into him and in that same [action] so fall with your dagger and both hands over his head and hold the dagger by the point and grip strongly in both your hands and tug him therewith, bend his neck under itself to him so you may throw him. If he has seized you above and pulled you thus under yourself in front of yourself so twist your right arm and stab from above behind [immediately or in forward] on his left arm and grab therewith with your left inward well in front on the arm by his hand and shove therewith strongly on the side from you and in that so wind yourself with your body from your left side on your right well under through so you wind yourself thus [away] from him.		[234r] Page:Cod.10825 234r.jpg	[234r] Page:Cod.10825 234r.jpg	[26r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 026r.jpg 26r.
		A Throw at the Dagger Item: If you stand with your right foot forward, and have placed yourself with the body under itself in the Scales, and lay your left arm over your right arm crosswise in front of your breast; hold the dagger in the Shears, in the right hand by the grip, the point turned over itself. If he then lies thus with stretched-out arms in the low Scales, and you thus stand forward with your right foot and you hold your dagger in the right hand by the grip, the thumb on the pommel thus in the High up over your head, so step with your right leg in to him, and stab him from above at his face or the breast. If he stabs thus at you, and you with crossed arms stand thus in the low Scales, so go against with the left hand on his right arm, and seize him well by the elbow and step therewith with your left leg outwardly in front of his right, and stab him therewith with your dagger well outward, in through under the back of his knee and heave therewith with the arm well over itself, and with the left, shove above his right well from you, so he must fall backward; then he is trapped above and below, and brought into difficulties.		[234v] Ein wurff im Tolchenn Item steest du mit deinem rechten füß vor, und hast dich mit dem leib undersich in die wag stelt, und legt dein lingken arm uber deinen rechten arm, Creutzweis vor deiner brust. haltst Im [Inn] der Scher, den Tolchen in der rechten hand beim hefft, den ort ubersich gewandt, ligt er dann also mit getreckten armen in der undern wag, und du also mit deinem rechten fuß vorsteest, und haltst dein tolchen in der rechten hand beim hefft, den daumen ob dem knopff also in der hoh uber dein kopf auff, so trit mit deinem rechten schenckel zu Im hinein, und sich [stich] In von oben ab nach seinem gesicht oder der prust zu, sticht er dir also zu, und du mit geschrenckten armen also in der undern wag steest, so gee mitt deiner lingken hand auf seinen rechten arm entgegen, und faß In wol beim elebogen, und trit damit mit deinen lingken schenckel auswendig fur seinen rechten, und stich Im damitt mitt deinem tolchen wol auswendig under seiner kniebuge hindurch, und heb damit mitt dem arm wol übersich, und mit der lingken, schub oben sein rechten wol von dir, so muß er zurugkfallen, dann er ist oben und unden gesperrt, und in die schweer [schwere] bracht.	[234v]	[26v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 026v.jpg 26v.
		A forcing-in from both to set aside Item: If one meets you thus in the onset, and you stand with your left foot forward, and he stabs you thus at the body, so step with your left foot against him and grab in nimbly with your left hand at his right arm, and push therewith strongly under itself, so you take away his stab. If he then thus takes away your stab, so spring with your right behind his left foot and stab him [in that] nimbly at his face; so that you all can also work at one another.		[235r] Ein einfallen von beiden theilen abzuesetzen Item begegnet die einer also Inn dem zufechten, und du steest mit deinem lingken fuoß vor und sticht er dir also nach dem leib so trit Im mit deinem linggen fuoß entgegen, und greiff in behend mit deiner lingken hannde nach seinen rechten arm, und truck damit starckg under sich, so nimbst du im den stich ab, nembt er dir dann den stich also ab, so spring mit deinem rechten hinder seinen linggen füoß, und stich im In das behennd nach seinen gesicht, damit konnd Ir auch von ein ander arbeiten	[235r] Habitus incursus manuum utrarumque, ab utroque, aversionis effigies! Si ni vicem congrediamini hoc modo, si tu praefixo tuo laevo pede contra hostem consistas, adversarius vero petit pungendo corpus tuum, tum progreditor [?] la[e]vo tuo pede contra eum, et apprehende celeriter sinistra manu tua dextrum suum brachium, et simul [firmiter?] inferius deprimas, tum de flectis ipsi punctionem.
		An action with an arm break Item: if you all encounter each other thus in the onset, so step with your left behind his right foot and let your dagger fall and grab nimbly with your left hand on his right shoulder, and with your right hand by [at] the dagger push strongly upward from yourself and tug down to yourself so you may break his arm or throw. If he has thus seized you, so spring immediately nimbly with your left behind his right foot and grab with your left hand nimbly at his neck. So you will be free of the arm break and you work yourself away from him.		[235v] Ain ansetzen Mit ainem Armbruch Item begegnet Ir ainander also Im zufechten. so trit mit deinem Lingken hinder seinen rechten fuoß. und laß dein dolchen fallen und greiff behendt mit deiner linggen hannd auf seine rechte achsel. und mit deiner rechten hanndt beÿ dem dolchen truckh starck oben von dir und zeuch unden zur dir so magst du im den arm abbrechen. oder werffen. hat er dich also ergriffen, so spring indes behend mit deinen lingken hinder seinen rechten fuoß und greiff mit deiner lingken hand behend nach seinen hals so wirstu des armbruchs ledig und arbeitest dich von Im.	[235v] Habitus contingendi cum modo confringendj brachij. In huius modi congressu athletice vos sic parando consistito, progreditor tuo laevo pede, post adversarij dextrum, et [sinas?] pugionem e manibus tuis [delabj? delatj?] et apprehende celeriter sinistra manu tua dextram hostis hummerum, et dextra tua hostis dexteram iuxta pugionem reprime firmiter superius declinando [absto? abste? probably abs te], et inferius urge et trahe ad te, tum poteris ipsi brachium confringere, aut adversarium prosternere. Si pari modo te contigerit, tum [prosise??] interim celeriter laevo tuo pede post ipsius dextrum, et apprehendito sinistra tua manu confestim collum hostis, tum liberabis te a fractione brachij, et deflectendo recedes ab eo.
		A setting aside with crossed arms Item: If you all meet each other thus in the onset, so step with your left foot forward, hold your left hand on top of your left leg with crossed[wise] [or aslant] [bent] arms, your dagger well over your head in the High. Tear therewith well under itself. If he encounters you thus, so step with your right foot forward and grab nimbly with your left at his right arm and step in with your foot and stab with your dagger in the High at his face. Let the dagger sink nimbly in the hand on your right arm so you take away his stab.		[236r] Ain absetzen mit Geschrenckten Armen Item begegnet Ir ain ander also Im zufechten, so tridt mit deinem linggen fuoß vor halt dein linggen hannd uff dem linggen schenckel mit geschrenchten armen dein dolchen wol uber dein haubt In der hoch. und Reiß damit wol under sich, begegnet er dir also so trit mit deinem rechten fuos vor und greiff behendt mit deinem linggen nach seinen rechten arm, und trit mit deinen fuoß hinnach. und stich mit deinen dolchen in der hoch nach seinen gesicht, so laß den dolchen behendt In der hannd an dein rechten arm sincken, so nembst du im den stich ab	[236r] Habitus aversionis, cum brachijs cancellatis. Si in vicem hoc modo vos congrediemini. Tum laevo tuo pede progreditor, sinistra manu imposita superiori parti pedis eum brachijs cancellatis, pugionem tuum egregie superius in altum elevato supra hostis caput, Et reprime cum hoc modo inferius. Si vero eo modo contra te utetur, tum progredere dextro tuo pede, et apprehendit[o] celeriter sinistra tua hostis dextrum brachium, et consistas, cum tuo laevo pede, et pungito pugione tuo superius adversus visum ipsius, tum sinas pugionem celeriter in manu dextro hostis brachio declinare inferius, hac ratione excipies adversarij punctionem.
		A fast attack with both left arms Item: If you encounter one another thus in the onset, spring with your right foot inwardly in front of his left and hold your dagger on the right side and with your left hand on his left shoulder so tug strongly therewith to you and stab him nimbly at his body. [If he belabors you thusly][If he works thus toward you] If he thus sets you up, so step immediately swiftly with your right in front of his left foot. And travel with your left arm well above itself at stab at him. [?] you to him [?] can. so you can become free of him.		[236v]	[236v] Incursus celerrimus cum utroque sinistro brachio. Si ni vicem obveneritis alter alteri, tum profile dextro tuo pede, interius ante laevum suum pedem, et pugionem tuum teneto dextro latere, et sinistra manu apprehendito sinistrum hummerum hostis, et trahe[,?] interim fortiter eum ad te, et pungito celeriter corpus ipsius. Si hostis hoc modo contra te laborabit, tum progreditor celeriter dextro tuo pede [ante?] ipsius laevum et elevato egregie superius sinistrum tuum brachium, et pungito eum, [quaeumque?] parte corporis, hostis nuditatem exploraveris.
		A Throw Item: If you encounter each other thus in the onset, so stand with your left foot forward and give yourself under itself well in the Scales and stab thus against him and travel with your left arm in front over his breast and pull him strongly to you and shove him [in] with right knee below [down] well in front of itself so that you torque [swing] him under yourself. If he has you thus, so grab with your left [hand] inwardly at his right hand next to the dagger and press from above with your right his left arm well under itself so you save [defend] yourself from his stab.		[237r]	[237r] Prosternendi modus. Praesistas laevo tuo pede, et inferius te [dimitas?] in libra, et pungito ita contra hostem, et pergito sinistro tuo brachio ante pectus suum sursum, et retrahe eum [or cum?] fortiter ad te, et impelle eum dextro genu[ ]tuo probe sursum superius [flecte?] [cum? eum?] [subter] te. Si ille te hoc modo tenuerit, tum apprehendito sinistro tuo interiorj brachio suum dextram iuxta pugionem, et [premceu~??? preme eum?] superne tuo dextro, suum sinistrum brachium probe inferius, tum recte cavebis ipsius ictum seu punctionem.
		A twisting in Item: if you all encounter each other in the onset, so stand with your left foot forward, let the dagger fall, and grab quickly with your right at his left hand and set your left hand on his right foot. If he has then thus grabbed you by your arm, so twist [cross] your dagger in front on his right hand and spring with your right foot behind his left and twist the dagger thus strongly under itself so you can break the arm. If he has thus caught you with the dagger, so step with your right in front of his right foot and travel with your left at the dagger pommel and twist yourself over it so you free yourself from the arm break.		[237v]	[237v] Intorsionis forma. Si ni vicem uterque congrediemini, tum praesisto tuo laevo pede pugionemque sinas e [manibus] tuis [prolabj], et apprehende celeriter tua dextra hostis sinistram manum, et ponas sinistram manum in superioris tui dextri pedis partem[.] Si ille contra tuum brachium hoc modo apprehenderit, tum cancellato tuum pugionem supra dextram eius, et [prosilito] dextro tuo pede, post ipsius laevum, et interim torque fortiter pugione [inferne], tum poteris ej confrengere brachium. Si apprehenderit hostis ita pugionem tuum tum consistas dextro tuo ante suum dextrum pedem, et pergito sinistra tua apprehendendo nodum hostilis pugionis, et in torque superne, tum tutus eris nec confringatur tibi brachium.
		Two fierce stabs Item: If you encounter each other thus in the device, so step with your right behind his right foot and stab with your right hand from below upwards at his throat and seize him with your left hand behind around his neck at the left shoulder. If he has then thus set out [attacked], so step with your right outwardly behind his right foot and grab quickly with your left at his right hand at the dagger and push therewith under itself [down] and grab with your right arm under through his right [arm] and stab the dagger in his throat. If he thus stabs at you, so spring with your left behind his right foot and pull him by the left shoulder strongly to you so he has to give up from his stab and you move him under yourself.		[238r]	[238r] Duae furibunda punctiones. Invicem vos hoc modo congrediendi, si consisteritis, tum progreditor tuo dextro post hostis dextrum pedem et pungito dextra tua manu ab inferne sursum versus collum ipsius, et apprehendito sinistra retrorsum ipsius, collum iuxta sinistrum humerum. Si vero adversarius hoc modo punctionem adversus te impulerit, tum progreditor dextro tuo pede, exterius post suum dextrum[,] et apprehendito celeriter sinistra tua [eio?] dexteram iuxta pugionem, et [preme?] interim inferius, et pergito tuo dextero brachio infra [pre?] ipsius dextram et infligito pungendo pugionem in collum ipsius. Si pupugerit ille te [iucissim], tum [prosile] tuo laevo post ipsius dextrum pedem, et trahe eum sinistro humero fortiter ad te, tum cogitur ab ictu punctionis desistere, et prosternes eum subter te.
		An attack with a throw Item: If you encounter one another thus in the fighting so spring with your left inwardly between his two feet, let the dagger fall and grab nimbly with your right hand at his right elbow, and travel with your left hand forward around his neck and grasp him on his left shoulder and pull above strongly toward yourself so you throw him in front of the leg. If he has thus seized you, so spring quickly with your right foot into a triangle and with the left foot back and stab with your right hand at his body so you make yourself free of him.		[238v] Ain angriff mit ainem wurff Item Begegnet Ir ainander also in fechten. So spring mit deinem linggen Innwendig zwischen seine beide fuoß laß den dolchen fallen und greif behend mit deiner rechten hannd nach seinen rechten elnbogen. und farh mit deiner linggen hand fornen umb seinen hals und ergreif in bei seinen linggen Achsel, und zeuch oben starck zue dir. so wirfstu in vore den schenckhel. hat er dich also ergriffen, so spring geschwindt mit deinem rechten fuoß In driangel, und mit dem linggen fuoß zur ruckh und stich mit deiner rechten hand nach seinem leib, so machst du dich von im ledig.	[238v] Incursus simul cum prosternatione hostis. Prosile laevo tuo pede interius intra suos duos pedes, sinas pugionem e manibus tuis elabi, et apprehende celeriter dextro tuo hostis dextrum cubitum, et pergito sinistra tua ante ipsum circa collum [eig? cig?], et apprehendito sinistrum [eig/cig] humerum, et retrahe superne fortiter ad te, tum prosternes eum supra superiorem partem pedis. Si illa autem te apprehenderit hoc modo, prosilito celeriter dextro tuo pede in triangulo, et laevo tuo pede retrogreditor, et pungito dextra tua manu, corpus ipsius. Tum guidem te liberabis ab eo, Et [evolices? evolues? cuolices?].
		A winding in from both participants Item: If you encounter one another thus in the onset, so step with your left behind the right foot and stab him upward from below between his two crossed arms with the dagger and grab quickly with your left hand in front on the point of the dagger and push strongly toward yourself below and away from yourself above. If he has thus immobilized [gespert] you, so travel with your right hand and dagger in front over [across] the breast and around the neck up [to] his right side and grab with your left hand at the point of the dagger and pull therewith strongly towards you. If he has thus seized you, so spring with your right foot into [the] triangle and give [set] yourself with your entire body under itself into the Scales so you all come free of each other.		[239r] Ain einwinden von baiden theillen. Item begegnet Ir ein ander also in disem zuefechten, so trit mit deinem linkgen hinder seinen rechten fuoß und stich in von unden zwischen seine geschrenckhte baide arm hinauf mit dem dolchen, und greiff geschwindt mit deiner linggen hanndt vornen, in das orth des dolchen und truckh starck unden zue und oben von dir hat er dich also gespert, so far mit deiner rechten handt und dolchen vornen uber die prust, und umb den halß seiner rechten seiten und greiff mit deiner linggen hand nach dem orth des dolchen und zeuch damit starckh für dir. hat er dich also ergriffen so spring mit deinem rechten fuoß In driangel, und gib dich mit gannzem leib under sich in die wag, so kumbt Ir ledig von ainander.	[239r] Intersionis forma, ab utraque congressore. Si in vicem occurritis hoc modo, tum progreditor laevo tuo post hostis dextrum pedem et pungito ab inferne, intra sua cancellata utraque brachia sursum cum pugione, et apprehendito celeriter sinistra tua manu anteriorem mucronem pugionis, et preme fortiter inferius ad te, et superne repelle abs te. Si vero hostis ita te irrelitum tenet, tum [pugito] dextra tua et pugione recta supra pectus et circum collum [cig? ciq? eiq?] dextro latere, et apprehendito sinistra tua manu pugionis mucronem, et retrahe [interim?] fortiter. Si ille te ad hunc modum apprehenderit tum prosilito dextro tuo pede in dando triangulum et [inclina?] te toto tuo corpore inferius in libra tum poteritis in vicem vos liberare extricando.
		An inverted binding-on Item: if you encounter one another thus in the onset, so stand with your left foot forward and set the dagger below at his right hand and your left hand behind his right elbow. Force above and below from you. If he has thus attacked you, so step with your left foot back into the triangle so both of you can come again to free working [free running, free action] [unobstructed action].		[239v] Ain verkerdt anbinden Congrediminj si hoc modo, tum praesistito laevo tuo pede & ad ponito pugione inverius ad dextram suam, et tuam sinistram manum retro suum dexterum cubitum. Impelle superne & inferne abs te. Si hostis ita contra te aversione utit, tum progreditor laevo tuo pede in triangulum retrorsum, tum poterit uterque vestrum ad liberum contactum pugionum redire.	[239v] Contactus seu coniunctio pugionum conversa. Item begegnet Ir ain ander also Im zuefechten, so stehe mit deinem linggen fuoß vor und sez Im den dolchen under sich an sein rechte hand, und dein linckhen hand hinder seinen rechten elnbogen, trinng von oben und unden von dir, hat er dir also angesetz, so trit mit deinem linggen fuoß Im triangel zue ruck, könnt Ir albeed wider zu freÿer arbeit komen.
		A forcing-in with both hands Item: Conduct yourself thus in this onset; stand with your left foot forward, take the dagger in both hands and stab from above at him strongly at the face. If he thus stabs at you, so step with your left foot forward, let the dagger sink onto the right arm and thrust therewith his caught stab well in front of [him or itself]. Immediately let the dagger nimbly fall and grab with both hands from above in front of his two arms; press therewith strongly under yourself and spring with your right behind his left foot and throw him on the side.		[240r] Ain einfallen mit Baiden henden Item schickh dich also in disem zuefechten. stee mit deinem lingken fuoß vor. Nemb den dolchen In beid hand und stich, von oben ab Im starchk nach dem gesicht. sticht er also gegen dir, so tridt mit deinem linggen fuoß vor, laß den dolchen an dem rechten arm sinckhen, und stos damit sein gefesten stich wol uber sich, in deß laß den dolchen behend fallen und greiff mit baiden handen wie oben ab vore seine beide arm truck damit starckh under sich und spring, mit deinem rechten hinder seinen lingken fuoß und wirff in auff die seiten.	[240r] Habitus incursus utraque manu Ita te coaptabis ad hunc habitum. Ante sistito tuo laevo pede, apprehende pugionem utraque manu, et pungito superne fortiter versus hostis visum. Si ille utitur eadem punctione adversus te, tum progreditor laevo tuo pede, sinas pugionem dextro brachio delabj, et impellito interim suum conceptum ictum pugionis egregie superio[,] ac interim sinas pugionem celeriter e manibus tuis delabi, & apprehendito utraque manu superne supra ipsius utrumque brachium, preme interim fortiter inferius, & prosilito dextro tuo post suum sinistru[m?] pedem, et prosterne eum in latus.
		A stab against a falling-in Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. Stand with your right foot forward, travel from below up with both arms and let the dagger sink on the right arm and set off his stab with strength. Immediately travel to him quickly with your right hand behind his neck on the right side and grab through with your left hand under between his two arms and clutch the point of the dagger; tug therewith strongly under him. If he has thus seized you, so step with your right foot inwardly [inside of] his right foot and fall to him with both hands on his two arms; push him strongly on the side so you throw him under yourself.		[240v] Ain stich gegen Ainem Einfallen. Item schick dich also in disem stuck. stannd mit deinem rechten fuoß vor. far von unden auff mit beiden armen. und laß den dolchen an dem rechten arm sinckhen, und versez im den stich mit sterck. In des fahr in geschwindt mit deiner rechten hanndt hinder sein halß an der rechten seiten. und greif mit deiner lingken hannd unden zwischen seinen beiden armen durch, und ergreiff deß orth am dolchen Zeuich damit starck under sichg[sic] hat er dichg[sic] also gefast so tridt mit deinem rechten Inwendig für sein rechten fuoß, und fahl im mit beiden henden In seine beide arm. truckh Im starck uff die seiten. so wirfstu In under dich.	[240v] Punctio contra incursum Ita te accomodabis. Ante sistito tuo dextro pede, pergito ab inferne utroque brachio sursum, ac sinas pugionem dextro brachio delabj, et excipe hostis punctionem, cum firimore loco. Intrim pergito celeriter cum tua dextra manu post collum ipsius in dextro latere, et apprehendito sinistra manu per inferius intra suum utrumque brachium et apprehendito mucronem pugionis, trahe interim fortiter inferius. Si hostis ita te tenuerit, tum progreditor dextro tuo interius ante suum dextrum pedem, et utraque manu incidas in utrumque suum brachium preme cum fortiter inclinando ad latus, tum prosternes illum subter te.
		An attack on both elbows Item: Conduct yourself thus in this onset. Step with your left foot inwardly infront of his left foot and let the dagger fall, and grab with your right [sic] right hand at his left elbow and with the left hand at his right elbow; shove him therewith well in front of himself so you will become free of the grip with the dagger. If he thus wants to make himself, free so stab him from above at the face, and travel fully in, stab him with the dagger at his right side around the neck, and travel with your left hand in front under through and seize the point of the dagger, spring with your right behind with his right foot and tug therewith strongly from above down to you, so you throw him in front of your right foot.		[241r] Ain angriff an beiden Elnbogen Item Schick dich also in disem Zuefechten. trit mit deinem lingken Furwendig für seinen lingken fuoß und laß den dolchen fallen, und greif mit deiner rechten rechten hannd an sein lingkhen Elnbogen. und mit der lingken hannd an sein rechten elnbogen, scheub in damit wol vore sich, so wirstu des greiffs mit dem dolchen ledig. will er sich also ledig machen, so stich im von oben her nach dem gesicht, und fahr in follem stich in mit dem dolchen nach seiner rechten seiten umb den hals und far mit deiner linggen hannd in vornen unden durch, und ergreiff den orth des dolchen, spring mit deinem rechten hinder seinen rechten fuoß und zeuich damit stark von oben herab zue dir, so wirfstu in vore deinen rechten fuoß	[241r] Apprehensio utriusque cubitus. Sic te accomodabis ad nunc congressum, progreditor laevo tuo pede interius ante suum laevum, et sinas pugionem e manibus tuis delabi, et apprehendito dextra tua sinistrum hostis cubitum et sinistra tua manu, suum dextrum cubitum, et impelle egregie superius in altum, tum te ab apprehensione pugionis liberabis. Si hostis hoc modo se liberare vult, tunc impellito superne ictum iusura versus, et pergito extendendo manum tuam levam, ante hostem inferius, et apprehende mucronem pugionis, prosilito tuo dextro pede post adversarij tui dextrum, et trahe fortiter e superne inferius, tum sternes eum supra tuum dextrum pedem.
		Against a stab a tearing-down Item: Conduct yourself thus in this device. Step with your left foot forward and stab with your right hand at his body. If he stabs thus at you, so set aside the stab with the elbow step with your left foot in front of his left foot and travel nimbly to him with your dagger around his neck, and spring with your right behind his right foot and tug him therewith by the neck well under himself in the Scales, so you will throw him over the right leg.		[241v] Gegen ainem stich ain nider reissen Item schick dich also in disem stück. trit mit deinem lingken fuoß vor, und stich in mit deiner rechten hannd nach seinem leib. sticht Er dir also zue. So sez Im den stich mit dem Alnbogen ab, trit mit deinem lingken für seinen lingken fueß, und fahr Im behend mit deinem dolchen umb sein hals, und spring mit deinem rechten hinder seinen rechten fuoß, und zeuich In damit bei dem halß wol under sich In die weg, so wirfstu In ubern rechten schenckell	[241v] Contra ictum vellendi aliquem deorsum prosternendo. Ita te ad hunc congressum formabis. Progreditor laevo tuo pede et pungito dextra tua manu corpus ipsius. Si vero hostis pari modo tibi punctionem impellit[,] excipe ictum suum cubitu, progreditor tuo laevo contra ipsius lauu pedem, et pergito celeriter cum tuo pugione circa [eig] collum, et prosilito cum dextro tuo pede, post [eig] dextrum et retrahe eum simul cum collo egregie inferius in libram[,] tum eum prosternes supra dextu tuum pedem.
		A free position Item: Conduct yourself thus in this device. Stand with your left foot forward and put your dagger with your right hand on your left knee under itself and with your left arm through under the right in front of your chest. Step with your right inwardly in front of his right foot and spring therewith in triangle and stab him at the face. If he thrusts thus at you, so travel with both crossed arms over themselves and set aside the stab therewith. Step immediately nimbly with your right in front of his right foot and do to him what you can.		[242r] Ain freÿen Stanndt Item schick dich also Inn diß stuck. stannd mit deinem lingken fueß vor, und stell deinen dolchen mit deiner rechten hannd, uff dein lingken knie under sich, und mit deinem lincken arm under dem rechten vore deiner brust herdurch, trit mit deinem rechten Inwendig fur sein rechten fueß und spring damit in driangel und stich im nach dem gesicht. stost er dir also zue, so far mit baiden geschrenckten armen uber sich, und sez im damit den stich ab tridt In deß behend, mit deinem rechten für sein rechten fueß, und arbeit zue Im wa du magst.	[242r] Habitus libera stationis. Ita te accomodabis ad hunc congrediendi modum. Praesistas tuo laevo pede, et pone tuum pugionem cum dextra tua[.] supra sinistrum tuum genu inferiori parte, et cum sinistro tuo brachio, subter dextrum, supra tuum genu inferiori pectus pergendo progreditor tuo pede interius ante suum dextrum et prosilito pariter in triangulum, et dirige ictum versus visum ipsius. Si impellit ipse ictum huius modi, tum pergito brachijs tuis cancellatis superius, et excipito ictum punctionis hoc modo[.] progreditor interim celeriter cum dextro tuo ante dextrum hostis pedem et labora contra cum quaeumque parte & quomodocumque poteris.
		An upright position of both sides Item: conduct yourself thus in this device. Stand upright with equal feet and go with your right arm in the High and angle the dagger below itself. Immediately, step with your right foot forward and thrust at his face and grab with your left at this right hand. If he encounters you thus and you stand equally upright in front of him, so step with your right foot back, you step out of the grab-and-stab. Immediately, so spring with your left foot in triangle and stab at his body.		[242v] Ain auffrechter Stanndt von baidenseitten Item schick dich also in dises stuck stee mit gleichen fuessen auffrecht, und ganng mit deinem rechten arm in die höch, und naig den dolchen hinder sich Inn des tridt mit deinem rechten fuoß vor, und stoß im nach dem gesicht, und greiff mit deiner linggen nach seiner rechten hannd, begegnet er dich also, und du stöst gleichs fals aufrecht vor Im, So tridt mit deinem rechten fuoß zur ruckh, tritstu im aus dem griff und stich, in deß so spring mit deinem linggen fuoß In driangel, und stich im Zur dem leib.	[242v] Habitus rectae stationis ab utroque latere. Ita te formabis ad hunc habitum. Stato paribus tuis pedibus erectus et tuo dextro brachio pergito [in alcu] et inclina pugionem tuum retrorsum. Interim progreditor dextro tuo pede, et impellito hosti ictum versus visum[.] et apprehendito tua sinistra manu ipsius dexteram. Si ille contra te hoc modo utetur, et tu similiter stas erectus ante eum, tum progreditor detro tuo pede retrorsum[,] tum decedes progrediendo, et vitabis [eig] apprehensionem, et punctionem. Interim prosilito laevo tuo pede in triangulum, et pungito corpus ipsius.

Source Images	Images from the Munich Version	Incomplete Translation by Kendra Brown, Rebecca Garber, Mark Millman, Jon Reynolds, and Amy West	Dresden Version II (1550s) by Pierre-Henry Bas	Vienna Version I (1550s) [German] by Dieter Bachmann	Vienna Version I (1550s) [Latin] by Dieter Bachmann	Munich Version II (1550s)	Jörg Breu's Sketchbook (1545) by Michael Chidester
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						[180v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 180v.jpg 180v.
						[181r] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 181r.jpg 181r.
						[182v] Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 182v.jpg 182v.
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Side Sword 

Paulus Hector Mair/Side sword

Poleaxe 

Paulus Hector Mair/Poleaxe

Longshield 

Paulus Hector Mair/Longshield

Armored Fencing 

Paulus Hector Mair/Armored fencing

Foot vs. Horse 

Paulus Hector Mair/Foot vs. Horse

Mounted Fencing 

Paulus Hector Mair/Mounted fencing

Additional Resources

• Hunt, Brian. "Paulus Hector Mair: Peasant Staff and Flail." Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts. Ed. Jeffrey Hull. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3
• Knight, David James, and Hunt, Brian. The Polearms of Paulus Hector Mair. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-644-7