View source for Joachim Meyer

{{infobox writer
 | name                 = [[name::Joachim Meyer]]
 | image                = file:Joachim Meyer.png
 | imagesize            = 250px
 | caption              = 

 | pseudonym            = 
 | birthname            = 
 | birthdate            = ca. 1537
 | birthplace           = Basel, Germany
 | deathdate            = 24 February 1571 (aged 34)
 | deathplace           = Schwerin, Germany
 | resting_place        = 
 | occupation           = {{plainlist
  | [[occupation::Cutler]]
  | [[Freifechter]]{{#set:occupation=Freifechter}}
 }}
 | language             = [[language::Early New High German]]
 | nationality          = 
 | ethnicity            = 
 | citizenship          = Strasbourg
 | education            = 
 | alma_mater           = 
 | patron               = {{collapsible list
  | Johann Albrecht (?)
  | Johann Casimir
  | Heinrich von Eberst (?)
  | Otto von Sulms
 }}
 | period               = 
 | genre                = [[Fencing manual]]
 | subject              = 
 | movement             = [[Freifechter]]
 | notableworks         = ''[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|Gründtliche Beschreibung der <br/>Kunst des Fechtens]]'' (1570)
 | manuscript(s)        = {{plainlist
  | [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4º.2]] (1560s)
  | [[Treatises/Manuscript purgatory|Lost manuscript]] (1561)
  | [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Varia 82]] (1563-70)
 }}
 | principal manuscript(s)=
 | first printed edition= [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng|Forgeng]], 2006
 | wiktenauer compilation by=[[Michael Chidester]]

 | spouse               = Appolonia Ruhlman
 | partner              = 
 | children             = 
 | relatives            = 
 | influences           = {{collapsible list
  | [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig]]
  | [[Johannes Lecküchner]]
  | [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]
  | [[Achille Marozzo]]
  | [[Andre Paurñfeyndt]]
  | [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]]
  | [[Martin Syber]]
 }}
 | influenced           = {{plainlist
  | [[Michael Hundt]]
  | [[Jakob Sutor von Baden]]
  | [[Theodori Verolini]]
 }}
 | awards               = 
 | signature            = [[File:Joachim Meyer sig.jpg|150px]]
 | website              = 
 | translations         = {{collapsible list
  | {{Dutch translation|http://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Joachim_Me%C3%BFer/Dutch|1}}
  | {{French translation|http://ardamhe.wordpress.com/2014/08/25/lepee-longue-selon-joachim-meyer/|1}}
  | {{German translation|https://talhoffer.files.wordpress.com/2015/05/ms-var-82-transl-german-v1.pdf|1}}
  | {{Italian translation|http://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bxqzt-jcOCFsS01GVFRXZWZPc1U/edit|1}}
 }}
 | below                = 
}}
'''Joachim Meyer''' (ca. 1537 - 1571)<ref name="Dupuis">[[Olivier Dupuis|Dupuis, Olivier]]. ''Joachim Meyer, escrimeur libre, bourgeois de Strasbourg (1537 ? - 1571). In Maîtres et techniques de combat.'' Dijon: AEDEH, 2006.</ref> was a [[century::16th century]] [[nationality::German]] [[Freifechter]] and [[fencing master]]. He was the last major figure in the tradition of the German grand master [[Johannes Liechtenauer]], and in the last years of his life he devised at least three distinct and quite extensive [[fencing manual]]s. Meyer's writings incorporate both the traditional Germanic technical syllabus and contemporary systems that he encountered in his travels, including Italian rapier fencing.<ref name="Castle 74">[[Egerton Castle|Castle, Egerton]]. {{Google books|XgYHAAAAQAAJ|Schools and Masters of Fencing: From the Middle Ages to the Eighteenth Century|page=74}}. London: George Bell and Sons, 1885. pp 74 - 76.</ref> In addition to his fencing practice, Meyer was a Burgher and a master cutler.<ref name="Naumann">Naumann, Robert. ''Serapeum.'' Vol. 5. T.O. Weigel, 1844. pp 53-59.</ref>

Meyer was born in Basel,<ref>According to his wedding certificate.</ref> where he presumably apprenticed as a cutler. He writes in his books that he traveled widely in his youth, most likely a reference to the traditional Walz that journeyman craftsmen were required to take before being eligible for mastery and membership in a guild. Journeymen were often sent to stand watch and participate in town and city militias (a responsibility that would have been amplified for the warlike cutlers' guild), and Meyer learned a great deal about foreign fencing systems during his travels. It's been speculated by some fencing historians that he trained specifically in the Bolognese school of fencing, but this doesn't stand up to closer analysis.<ref>His dagger teachings do, however, show some evidence of influence by [[Achilles Marozzo]]'s printed treatise.</ref>

Records show that by 4 June 1560 he had settled in Strasbourg, where he married Appolonia Ruhlman (Ruelman)<ref name="Dupuis"/> and was granted the rank of master cutler. His interests had already moved beyond smithing, however, and in 1561, Meyer petitioned the City Council of Strasbourg for the right to hold a [[Fechtschule]] (fencing competition). He would repeat this in 1563, 1566, 1567 and 1568;<ref name="Van Slambrouck">Van Slambrouck, Christopher. "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291284452_The_Life_and_Work_of_Joachim_Meyer The Life and Work of Joachim Meyer]". ''Meyer Frei Fechter Guild, 2010. Retrieved 29 January 2010.''</ref> the 1568 petition is the first extant record in which he identifies himself as a fencing master.

Meyer probably wrote his first manuscript ([[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4º.2]]) in either 1560 or 1568 for Otto Count von Sulms, Minzenberg, and Sonnenwaldt.<ref>[[Roger Norling|Norling, Roger]]. "[http://www.hroarr.com/the-history-of-joachim-meyers-treatise-to-von-solms/ The history of Joachim Meyer’s fencing treatise to Otto von Solms]". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Its contents seem to be a series of lessons on training with [[long sword]], [[dussack]], and [[rapier]]. His second manuscript ([[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Var.82]]), written between 1563 and 1570 for Heinrich Graf von Eberst, is of a decidedly different nature. Like many fencing manuscripts from the previous century, it is an anthology of treatises by a number of prominent German masters including [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]], [[pseudo-Peter von Danzig]], and [[Martin Syber]], and also includes a brief outline by Meyer himself on a system of rapier fencing based on German [[Messer]] teachings. Finally, on 24 February 1570 Meyer completed (and soon thereafter published) an enormous multi-weapon treatise entitled ''[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens]]'' ("A Thorough Description of the Art of Combat"); it was dedicated to Johann Casimir, Count Palatine of the Rhine, and illustrated at the workshop of [[Tobias Stimmer]].<ref>Whose members included Christoph Maurer and Hans Christoffel Stimmer.</ref> 

Unfortunately, Meyer's writing and publication efforts incurred significant debts (about 1300 crowns), which Meyer pledged to repay by Christmas of 1571.<ref name="Dupuis"/> Late in 1570, Meyer accepted the position of Fechtmeister to Duke Johann Albrecht of Mecklenburg at his court in Schwerin. There Meyer hoped to sell his book for a better price than was offered locally (30 florins). Meyer sent his books ahead to Schwerin, and left from Strasbourg on 4 January 1571 after receiving his pay. He traveled the 800 miles to Schwerin in the middle of a harsh winter, arriving at the court on 10 February 1571. Two weeks later, on 24 February, Joachim Meyer died. The cause of his death is unknown, possibly disease or pneumonia.<ref name="Van Slambrouck"/>

Antoni Rulman, Appolonia’s brother, became her legal guardian after Joachim’s death. On 15 May 1571, he had a letter written by the secretary of the Strasbourg city chamber and sent to the Duke of Mecklenburg stating that Antoni was now the widow Meyer’s guardian; it politely reminded the Duke who Joachim Meyer was, Meyer’s publishing efforts and considerable debt, requested that the Duke send Meyer’s personal affects and his books to Appolonia, and attempted to sell some (if not all) of the books to the Duke.<ref name="Dupuis"/>

Appolonia remarried in April 1572 to another cutler named Hans Kuele, bestowing upon him the status of Burgher and Meyer's substantial debts. Joachim Meyer and Hans Kuele are both mentioned in the minutes of Cutlers' Guild archives; Kuele may have made an impression if we can judge that fact by the number of times he is mentioned. It is believed that Appolonia and either her husband or her brother were involved with the second printing of his book in 1600. According to other sources, it was reprinted yet again in 1610 and in 1660.<ref>Schaer, Alfred. {{Google books|0egSAAAAYAAJ|Die altdeutschen fechter und spielleute: Ein beitrag zur deutschen culturgeschichte|page=76}}. K.J. Trübner, 1901. p 76.</ref><ref>Pollock, W. H., Grove, F. C., and Prévost, C. {{Google books|OXSZ8FjBfhkC|Fencing|page=267}}. London and Bombay: Longmans, Green, and co, 1897. pp 267-268.</ref>
{{TOC limit|3}}
== Treatises ==

Joachim Meyer's writings are preserved in two manuscripts prepared in the 1560s, the [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4º.2]] (Lund) and the [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Var 82]] (Rostock); a third manuscript from 1561 has been lost since at least the mid-20th century, and its contents are unknown.<ref>[[Jens P. Kleinau]]. "[http://talhoffer.wordpress.com/2011/07/04/1561-joachim-meyer-dedicated-a-fencing-book-to-the-pfalzgrafen-of-pfalz-veldenz-2/ 1561 Joachim Meyer dedicated a fencing book to the Pfalzgrafen of Pfalz-Veldenz]". ''Hans Talhoffer ~ as seen by Jens P. Kleinau''. 04 July 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Dwarfing these works is the massive book he published in 1570 entitled "[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|A Thorough Description of the Free, Chivalric, and Noble Art of Fencing, Showing Various Customary Defenses, Affected and Put Forth with Many Handsome and Useful Drawings]]". Meyer's writings purport to teach the entire art of fencing, something that he claimed had never been done before, and encompass a wide variety of teachings from disparate sources and traditions. To achieve this goal, Meyer seems to have constructed his treatises as a series of progressive lessons, describing a process for learning to fence rather than merely outlining the underlying theory or listing the techniques. In keeping with this, he illustrates his techniques with depictions of fencers in courtyards using training weapons such as two-handed foils, wooden dussacks, and rapiers with ball tips.

The first part of Meyer's treatise is devoted to the long sword (the sword in two hands), which he presents as the foundational weapon of his system, and this section devotes the most space to fundamentals like stance and footwork. His long sword system draws upon the teachings of Freifechter [[Andre Paurñfeyndt]] (via [[Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff)|Christian Egenolff's reprint]]) and Liechtenauer glossators [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]] and [[Lew]], as well as using terminology otherwise unique to the brief [[Recital]] of [[Martin Syber]]. Not content merely to compile these teachings as his contemporary [[Paulus Hector Mair]] was doing, Meyer sought to update—even reinvent—them in various ways to fit the martial climate of the late sixteenth century, including adapting many techniques to accommodate the increased momentum of a [[greatsword]] and modifying others to use beats with the flat and winding slices in place of thrusts to comply with street-fighting laws in German cities (and the rules of the Fechtschule).

The second part of Meyer's treatises is designed to address new weapons gaining traction in German lands, the dussack and the rapier, and thereby find places for them in the German tradition. His early Lund manuscript presents a more summarized syllabus of techniques for these weapons, while his printed book goes into greater depth and is structured more in the fashion of lesson plans.<ref>Roberts, James. "[http://www.hroarr.com/system-vs-syllabus-meyers-1560-and-1570-sidesword-texts/ System vs Syllabus: Meyer’s 1560 and 1570 sidesword texts]". Hroarr.com, 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Meyer's dussack system, designed for the broad proto-sabers that spread into German lands from Eastern Europe in the 16th century,<ref>[[Roger Norling]]. "[http://hroarr.com/the-dussack/ The Dussack - a weapon of war]". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 6 October 2015.</ref> combines the old [[Messer]] teachings of [[Johannes Lecküchner]] and the dussack teachings of Andre Paurñfeyndt with other unknown systems (some have speculated that they might include early Polish or Hungarian saber systems). His rapier system, designed for the lighter single-hand swords spreading north from Iberian and Italian lands, seems again to be a hybrid creation, integrating both the core teachings of the 15th century Liechtenauer tradition as well as components that are characteristic of the various regional Mediterranean fencing systems (including, perhaps, teachings derived from the treatise of [[Achille Marozzo]]). Interestingly, Meyer's rapier teachings in the Rostock seem to represent an attempt to unify these two weapon system, outlining a method for rapier fencing that includes key elements of his dussack teachings; it is unclear why this method did not appear in his book, but given the dates it may be that they represent his last musings on the weapon, written in the time between the completion of his book in 1570 and his death a year later.

The third part of Meyer's treatise only appears in his published book and covers dagger, wrestling, and various pole weapons. His dagger teachings, designed primarily for urban self-defense, seem to be based in part on the writings of Bolognese master Achille Marozzo<ref>[[Roger Norling|Norling, Roger]]. "[http://www.hroarr.com/meyer-and-marozzo-dagger-comparison/ Meyer and Marozzo dagger comparison]". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2015.</ref> and the anonymous teachings in Egenolff, but also include much unique content of unknown origin (perhaps the anonymous dagger teachings in his Rostock manuscript). His staff material makes up the bulk of this section, beginning with the short staff, which, like Paurñfeyndt, he uses as a training tool for various pole weapons (and possibly also the greatsword), and then moving on to the halberd before ending with the long staff (representing the [[pike]]). As with the dagger, the sources Meyer based his staff teachings on are largely unknown.

{{master begin
 | title = Dedication and Foreword
 | width = 100%
}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = Dedication to the Lund
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
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! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>

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| class="noline" rowspan="2" | <p>[[File:MS A.4º.2 01r.jpg|400px|center]]</p>
<p>[[File:MS A.4º.2 02v.jpg|400px|center]]</p>
| <p>'''To the Well born Lord, Duke Ottbo Count of Solms, Lord of Munzenberg and Sonnewaldt my Gracious Sir'''</p>

<p>Well born Gracious Sir, Your Grace, my subservience and  willing service, is as every time before. Kindly Sir, It's not without particular Reasons that the Old Writings of the Knightly Free Art of Fencing  with all diligence, in their Books are praised and reposed and the Princes and gentlemen themselves, with earnestness Ordered namely but that more portions of Knightly Fighting and forthright strikes from there have arisen from trustworthy,credible words, that what through' splendid feelings for Manhood originated, for the Praise also thereby in the Highest Command and administration of War will be attained/revealed not solely in the History of the Greeks and Romans but is especially proven also through daily experience, that the training in various Knights games and Fencing, is learned with diligence, like those same  practices that came long before, and it is masterful with all speed. Then more to  our times Princes and Noblemen no less, Love it, and to the highest advancement than our Old Riders, how then also, You Grace, besides other free Arts, associates this manly Art with earnestness, and therefore I, Your grace, as an innocent Fencing Master, to this end, I must Instruct your grace which I in all Subservience and with willful courage have accepted, and while I am not alone, a particular beauty to such Art, but rather through Your Grace’s, merciful and consecrated will, you have sensed and found out about me I have no knowledge and Way but with it I, Your Grace, in such Art can subserviently serve and want to save, so this Fencing manual was put together, and all Stücken described, to Your Grace, and delivered in the subservient hope, that Your grace, would not only learn the techniques that are taught here, but through them thus they be cast in memory to be held, but rather also will swift and useful Stücken hence be learnt from not less than, thus, a similar Fencing master, that Your Grace will have had. I beg thus in subservience Your grace, wants a work such as mine, although unwary and minor a work, than that from one, Your grace, to all possible service in subservience and wholeheartedly, studiously flowed and graciously will accept. Of this will I, Your Grace, subserviently serve and wherewith I can pleasurably show, also to the Highest solicitude. May that the Almighty would confer on Your Grace, besides other prosperity, also long life in good health and Freedoms.</p>
| 

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| class="noline" | <p>Your Grace</p>

<p>Subserviently Willing</p>

<p>Joachim Meyer<br/>Fencing Master</p>
| class="noline" | 

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
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! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating}}<br/></p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

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| <p>{{red|b=1|Thorough Descriptions of the free Knightly and}}''' Noble Art of Fencing, with various Custom'''ary Weapons, with many beautiful and useful illustrated Figures affected and presented.'''<br/><br/></p>

<p>{{red|By Joachim Meyer, Free-Fencer in Strasburg}}</p>

<p>YEAR 1570</p>
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{{master subsection begin
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! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating}}<br/></p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

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{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Sword
 | width = 100%
}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = Introduction
 | width = 90em
}}
<section begin="credits1"/>
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
<section end="credits1"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Contents of the first Book on Fencing with the Sword, and how its description is ordered, and whereupon this Knightly Art’s foundations are laid.'''</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/22|1|lbl=Ⅰ.1r.1}}

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| <p>As I intent to diligently and truly and to the best of my understanding and abilities describe the art of Fencing in the Knightly and Manly weapons that are currently used most often by us Germans, and because fencing with the sword is not just the source and origin of all other forms of fencing but, as experience shows and as is obvious, also the most artful and manly next to other weapons, I deem it necessary and good to begin with it and do so in brevity but also clarity as it is customary in other arts and disciplines.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/22|2|lbl=Ⅰ.1r.2}}

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| <p>Firstly, list the terminology invented by masters of this art so that one can learn and comprehend the secrecy and speed of it all the quicker and easier. After that, explain these terms so that everyone may understand what is meant by them.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/22|3|lbl=Ⅰ.1r.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Then thirdly, achieve the ability to extend the art in your own right, and from your clarity attain and exude the proper judgement in Stance and Strikes so that Youth will not have to learn this art unguided and, because of your unspoken word, ill is wrought and they thus learn wrongly to the detriment of the art. Once achieved, we need your words and thoughts in this art, first from notes you would clarify, then onto subjects important to read in training, then to other subjects you want to develop further, so that the discipline of fencing grows on properly understood principles you have contributed to, rather than relying on mindless juggling, thus greater the difference between juggling and fencing will become, and the Knightly art of Fencing will grow from Warriors far and wide, particularly to Citizens at large, but beware the Juggler, to whom the unseemliest losses are and who is found everywhere in the world, until all are put away.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/22|4|lbl=Ⅰ.1r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/23|1|lbl=Ⅰ.1v.1|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Fencing with the Sword is nothing other than a discipline, wherein your force strives together with your sword in placement so that one with the other, using care and agility, artfulness, delicacy and manlyness, are at need the same both in strikes and in other handwork one is obliged to, excepting when one is not in a serious situation, thus by such discipline one will be more dangerous and more skillful, and when needing to protect one’s body be more effective.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/23|2|lbl=Ⅰ.1v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>This can be advanced in three stages and be organized thus, namely as the Start, the Middle and the End, where the three stages each have one aim which you shall fence through, and must do one by one to advance, that you thereby know with which strikes or stances you will engage your counterpart and then frontally attack as you would in the Middle stage’s handwork, letting fly to work against the openings, keeping the initiative such that his attacks are preempted. The Last is as you are fulfilled and will, with harm neither inflicted nor received, withdraw.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/23|3|lbl=Ⅰ.1v.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>I call the Start pre-fencing, where one standing against another and he standing against you, have begun to fence.</p>

<p>The Middle is the work or handwork, when one of the participants shall endure longer in the handwork than his opponent fencer, and displace in all withdrawals.</p>

<p>The End is the resolution, where one fencer shall withdraw without damage from his opponent and strike away if desired.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/23|4|lbl=Ⅰ.1v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/24|1|lbl=Ⅰ.2r.1|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The initial pre-fencing is the face off from the Stances to the strikes, which are of two kinds, namely the Lead Stances and the Secondary Stances, we start with the Lead Stances.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/24|2|lbl=Ⅰ.2r.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>There are four Lead Stances, the Roof or Upper Guard, the Ox, the Fool, and the Plough. There are eight Secondary Stances, Wrathful Guard, Window Breaker, Long Point, Barrier Guard, Unicorn, Key, Iron Door, Changer.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/24|3|lbl=Ⅰ.2r.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The strikes with the Sword are many, belonging to two groups, which are common to both the direct and indirect strikes which we shall name. The first group is named the Lead or Principal strikes, on which all other strikes are based, and which are four, Over, Under, Middle, and Wrathful strikes. The others are named the secondary or derivative strikes, which are twelve in number, namely the Glance, Curve, Short, Slide, Bounce: Single and Double, Blind, Wound, Crown, Knee Hollow, Plunge, and Change Strike.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/24|4|lbl=Ⅰ.2r.4}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Beyond these strikes come the proper Master Strikes, which we shall also name, from which all masterful and artful moves with the Sword are made and accomplished with varying grips, these are Wrath, Arc, Traverser, Glancer and Vertex which are all used when wanting to conclude and complete, and which I will describe to you. Just as I introduced pre-fencing, so I have clearly spoken and introduced the Strikes to you.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/24|5|lbl=Ⅰ.2r.5}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The second or Handwork in the Middle Stage involves the greatest art, where all your withdrawals in the fight can be advances. Look not only to how one can use the sword in binding, Winding, Changing, Enticing, Following After, Cutting, Doubling, Flowing off to leave be or in whatever shape you’ve cut, Hewing, Advancing, Twitching and Jerking, Adjusting, Grappling, Charging In, Throwing, and End Wrestling. An important concept is Targetting, through which one must come to understand Man and Sword, and through which one comes to understand proper stance and footwork, and from which how one shall handle one’s point.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/24|6|lbl=Ⅰ.2r.6|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/25|1|lbl=Ⅰ.2v.1|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>That brings us to the end, which flows from the Middle, and has the greatest Practical use, by which one ends each case, from thereof Withdraw soundly, in order to report what happened, and so arrange it all in the first chapter of Sword Fighting, from the Master Principles onward, so on to officially profess more skill in this Weapon, and by using this Book you shall Teach the initiates, and so after shall this art drive on to become more useful at need, and shall from others range farther to be sufficiently retold.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/25|2|lbl=Ⅰ.2v.2}}

|- 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | <p>Such input I have seen fit to make for purposes of clearer understanding, so that with this Book each onward going shall become easier to understand, thus easier to modify, and thus initially to learn, and thus I shall see such Knightly arts grow onward, and will now with the first Letter of this chapter, whose first purpose is to teach usefulness, instruct by moving on to present the Four Targets.</p>
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/25|3|lbl=Ⅰ.2v.3}}

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = 1 - Of Man and His Divisions
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword A.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Of Man and His Divisions</p>

<p>Chapter 1</p>

<p>From One’s divisions one shall come to understand the Openings and Stances, to and from which one will fence, ongoing to grasping the Middle or Handwork which will be described in the course of this Book, even though at first I was willing to sit and describe this subject alone without any other considerations. Then we move on to examine Fencing in all its components and arts, to be at first known from lessons, then from there to be shown, and then onward to be handled, and you shall at first want to take care to demonstrate how it’s properly done, so that not only the Middle or Handwork is attained, but that the Openings shall be minded, from lessons thereon to note taking, and going forward I shall not leave my written lessons behind me to be forgotten.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/27|1|lbl=Ⅰ.3v.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Now we will visualise a man in four quarters or parts, Above and Below and on both the Right and the Left. Beyond this and how you view yourself, I dare not describe further, but if you care to look, you see that humans are arranged in high and low and right and left parts. In order to better understand my meaning, examine the figure on the right side of the picture above.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/27|2|lbl=Ⅰ.3v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>And if these four parts weren’t already addressed enough for one, against them the Ancient German Fencer will need to strike with the various strikes as they are known among us Germans at this time, so special in their Handywork with the Winding, these will fight the furthest and against the Greatest since all of humanity in common is divided in the above named four parts. We see how the the Upper Vertices meet, and Below how the Chin and Throat are relevant. Onward we see the Right and Left parts which are joined across the Ears, both sides are relevant, both right and Left ears will be addressed.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/27|3|lbl=Ⅰ.3v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/28|1|lbl=Ⅰ.4r.1|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Be however you are, but don’t think that such divisions are too Childish to think about, like all things they can be improved upon, and so you must therefore respect their proper place, that while they can be furthered and presented alone, through these divisions all concepts to be learned in fencing can be grouped, and from one well and fountain they spring forth to flow. At the same time, Fencing is shown to be like nothing else, in that two persons with similar weapons can thus fight one another, whereby one can hurt the other through his skill or both will persevere to protect and defend themselves at need.</p>

<p>In addition my need is to know then how in all weapons such concepts can be understood in the short term and be shown and explained, and if not to be returned to, until the Person can explain the sections, so by them if the opposing fencer tries to mark one or another part, one knows with proper displacement how to smoothly move to secure themselves. Or if one or another intends to aim for an opening, he can also strive to undertake this strike correctly. Then each one shall probe to hit the four points, be met there, and have to guard against same, and thus must always be on Guard, ready to displace.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/28|2|lbl=Ⅰ.4r.2}}

|- 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | <p>The means to learn what follows from the Stances, Strikes, and Targets is undertaken here more easily, in that these descriptions and presentations are enough for one to flow on.</p>
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/28|3|lbl=Ⅰ.4r.3}}

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = 2 - Of the Sword and its Divisions
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Of the Sword and its Divisions'''</p>

<p>Chapter 2</p>

<p>Now we will clarify this and why it is done in fencing, namely how one or another are like the parts of one’s body which one strikes away from in knightly fashion or accordingly defend them at need. Just like the parts of the human are quickly understood, so it’s again apparent from noting why and how certain relative parts of the sword work against others to bring success, and similarly how you should know these labels or overviews before you try yourself likewise, so thus onward from nothing else than your Sword shall you cause communication, and meanwhile have wisdom not in only one device, but also shortly know cuts with the short edge, then with the long, then with the strong, and with the weak, then will you charge on to success from the Sword’s necessities and from heeding this Art’s known elements also have something to say.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/29|1|lbl=Ⅰ.4v.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>We define the form and figure of the Sword’s parts as its Pommel, Point, Cross or Hilt, Haft or Grip, and the Blade, about which, though without evaluation, we will now say several words.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/29|2|lbl=Ⅰ.4v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The Blade has basically two underlying divisions, where the first is the Strong and Weak, the other the Short and Long edges, those being the forward and trailing edges.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/29|3|lbl=Ⅰ.4v.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The Strong of the Sword is the name for the part running from the Cross or Hilt to the middle of the blade, the Weak is from the middle to and with the point or end itself, from which the Long and Short edges grow.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/29|4|lbl=Ⅰ.4v.4}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword A.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>The Long Edge is the full length of edge from the fingers onward, directed against your opponent, the Short or half edge is the one nearest the thumb, between the thumb and index finger, first finger pointing at the fencer’s self, as if it is imitating the other’s weapon. We will speak as well of the spine of the sword, as shown in the previous illustration.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/29|5|lbl=Ⅰ.4v.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/30|1|lbl=Ⅰ.5r.1|p=1}}

|- 
| <p>From the overlying parts of the sword springs forths the correct total view, which is very useful in fencing, namely that the Sword is outwardly grouped in four parts and divisions, as is seen in the previous illustration.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/30|2|lbl=Ⅰ.5r.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The first to be named is the Bind or Haft, including Pommel and Cross, for charging, Wrenching, Grappling, Throwing, and of service in other work.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/30|3|lbl=Ⅰ.5r.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The second is the Strong, as was counted, used in Cutting, Winding, Impacting, and otherwise where the Strong is useful in fencing.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/30|4|lbl=Ⅰ.5r.4}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The third part is the Middle, which lies between strong and weak on the halfway part and is used when needing to close in the changeful work, where it will be resorted to at every opportunity when needed.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/30|5|lbl=Ⅰ.5r.5}}

|- 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | <p>The fourth is the Weak, through which Changing, Rushing, Slinging, and similar such will duly be used in fencing, of which in what follows there will be many examples and pieces.</p>
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/30|6|lbl=Ⅰ.5r.6}}


|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = 3 - Of the Stances or Guards
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Of the Stances or Guards'''</p>

<p>Chapter 3</p>

<p>At all times and in all fencing, when wanting more ability and understanding, and in furthering and learning more of this Knightly art, the proper and basic elements are required in order to advance. Basically this is done because in fencing, one must fence such that One becomes one with one’s Sword, and although this was already stated correctly and sufficiently in the two previous chapters, so here in the third chapter, in order to clarify, it will be examined further, from which onward all fencing shall be fully known and further examined in three parts: the Start, Middle, and End as above was already stated.</p>

<p>Onward from the Start, two basic underlying principles shall and must be attained, namely how from the Stances one shall execute the strikes, which will be named and counted, and how one thus comes to success will be clarified.</p>

<p>Though the Guards or Stances are delicate, they are still advantageous positions for warding one’s entire body with the Sword, in which the fencer, as is often seen, will come before his opponent with proper placement, position, and stance, and so be unfound and last through the rushing by waiting through to advance onward, and immediately react to what’s coming and with advantage and wisened speed attack and strike against your opponent’s own stances, that he can go on striking without harming you, yet must give away his openings as he works against yours, and so he must either withdraw or strike away from his intended target, and so have his advantage minimised, his blade withdrawn and retreating, and you can then strike in your own efforts.</p>

<p>Since the Stances or Guards have the four sections of ones body as their obvious origin, in that one is divided into four quarters, Over, Under, Left and Right, so also one’s opponent is divided and thus shall be encountered, as four Targets, and relative to them there are the four Primary Stances or Guards, from which all others originate and spring forth, which are the Ox, Plough, Roof and Fool, from which one comes to understand the secondaries which, in due order, one comes to deploy, which are the Wrathful Guard, Long Point, Changer, Close Guard, Iron Door, Hanging Point, Key, and Unicorn.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/30|7|lbl=Ⅰ.5r.7|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/31|1|lbl=Ⅰ.5v|p=1}}


|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword B.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Ox'''</p>

<p>The high parts are guarded with the Ox, which is two moded, Right and Left, thus one can stand in the Ox in two modes, namely the Right and Left modes.</p>

<p>The right Ox will first be described, stand with your Left Foot forward, holding the Sword with the hilt next to your head, high and on the right side, so that your forward point is directed against your opponent’s face. For the Left Ox reverse this, namely stand with your Right Foot forward, hold your hilt near your head on its Left Side as said above.</p>

<p>Thus you have been told of both Ox Guards or Stances, which is being shown by the Left Figure of illustration B above.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/33|1|lbl=Ⅰ.6v.1}}

|- 
| <p>'''Plough'''</p>

<p>The low parts are guarded with the Plough, whose two modes are similar figures for two sides, the Right and the Left, and so are named the Right and Left Plough, and both will become for you nothing else than stabs outward from below.</p>

<p>The Right Plough is described as follows, stand with your right foot forward, hold your weapon with the hilt near your forward knee and your point pointing in your opponent’s face, as if you intend to stab him from below. While you are in the Right Plough, step forward with the Left foot and stand similarly to be in the Left Plough.</p>

<p>The Right Plough is shown by the figure on the Right of the above illustration.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/33|2|lbl=Ⅰ.6v.2}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword C.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Roof'''</p>

<p>The Guard of the Roof, which is also known as the High Guard, is explained as follows. Stand with your Left Foot forward, hold your Sword high over your head so its point is directly above, consider the figure on the left of the image above, illustration C, which indicates how one can operate from above, that all strikes can be fenced from the Roof or High Guard, which is why this Guard is named the Roof.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/33|3|lbl=Ⅰ.6v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/35|1|lbl=Ⅰ.7r.1|p=1}}

|- 
| <p>'''Fool'''</p>

<p>Fool is my adaptation of the word Jester, a name which leaves so much to be desired, in that from this Stance no successful finishing strikes can be made, one just uses them to gain an opening against the opponent through displacements to block strikes, which can be used to measure a Foolish and naive person who is not ready for counterstrikes to be struck against them.</p>

<p>This will now be described. Stand with the Left leg forward, hold your Sword with the Point stretched out in front of you aimed at the ground in front of your forward foot, with the short edge above, the long edge below. Thus you stand in this Guard rightly, as you can see in the illustrated figure above on the right.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/35|2|lbl=Ⅰ.7r.2}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword E.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Wrathful Guard'''</p>

<p>The Wrathful Guard is known as such since the stance has a wrathful bearing, as will be shown. Stand with your left foot forward, hold your sword out from your right shoulder, so that the blade hangs behind you to threaten forward strikes, and mark this well, that all strikes out from the Guard of the Ox can be intercepted from the Wrathful stance, indeed leading from this stance shows unequal bearing from which One can entice onward, whereupon one can move quickly against the other as needed, as is shown by the Figure in illustration E (on the left).</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/35|3|lbl=Ⅰ.7r.3}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword A.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Long Point'''</p>

<p>Stand with your Left foot forward, hold your Weapon with outstretched arms out in front of your face, so that you stand and point forward at your opponent’s face, and thus you stand in the Guard of the Long Point, which you can see in the picture in illustration A.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/35|4|lbl=Ⅰ.7r.4}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Changer'''</p>

<p>This Guard shall now be fully described, stand with your Right foot forward, hold your weapon with the point or Weak stretched out from close at your side aimed at the ground, so that the short edge stands toward your opponent, such as can be seen from the right figure in illustration D above.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/36|1|lbl=Ⅰ.7v.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Close Guard'''</p>

<p>To put yourself into this guard, stand with your Left foot forward, hold your sword close to your right with the point to the ground and the pommel above, and with the short edge against you.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/36|2|lbl=Ⅰ.7v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Iron Door'''</p>

<p>What the right Iron Door is, which you will find out should you go farther onto Rapier Fencing, that while it is used in stabbing with the Sword as by us Germans, this guard is also easily deflected and sent to the ground. Although at this time it is used by the Italians and other nations, it covers like the Barrier Guard, and so of the Iron Door no further report is therefore required.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/36|3|lbl=Ⅰ.7v.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>There is a basic underlying division, and here I will shortly clarify both, and so will now describe the Iron Door. Stand with your right foot forward, hold your sword with the grip in front of the knee, with straightly hanging arms, that your point stands upward out at your opponent’s face. In addition, keep your Sword in front of you to shut like an iron door, and when you stand with feet wide and so come to lower your body, you can clear all strikes and stabs out and away from you.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/36|4|lbl=Ⅰ.7v.4}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword F.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>However, the Barrier Guard is when you hold your Sword with crossed hands in front of you with the point at the ground, which is seen from the figure in illustration F.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/36|5|lbl=Ⅰ.7v.5}}

|- 
| <p>'''Hanging Point'''</p>

<p>Since you’ll need to be in the correct Hanging Point during the work, look at the figure to the right of the above illustration. Even if the arms needn’t be as stretched as here will be shown, still put yourself into the named Guard. Stand with the right foot forward, hold your weapon with outstretched arms before you, so that the blade hangs somewhat toward the earth.</p>

<p>This stance is very close to the Ox in similar form, only different in that in the Ox your arms are strongly held in high mode, but here shall be directly outstretched before your face, letting the Sword hang toward the Earth, therefore it is named Hanging Point.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/38|1|lbl=Ⅰ.8v.1}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Key'''</p>

<p>The Key is shown by the left figure in illustration D, stand with your Left foot forward, and hold your Sword with the haft and crossed arms in front of your chest, so that the short edge lies on your Left Arm, and the point is aimed at your opponent’s face. Thus is this stance or guard rightly made.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/38|2|lbl=Ⅰ.8v.2}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword E.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Unicorn'''</p>

<p>Come into pre-fencing with your Left foot forward, wings out from both sides, as if you would stand in the forenamed Key guard, drive with crossed hands overhead on your Right, so that the point is aimed high above and outward, thus it is named Unicorn, and stand as shown by the figure on the Right of illustration E.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/38|3|lbl=Ⅰ.8v.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>And thus are named the count of the Stances or Guards, and now all in the work phase will be fully and shortly examined. After this point in all fencing, you will Strike, Strive, Displace, or float to work for what you wish, and not remain in a stance, but always drive from one to the other, as one or the other must soon become afflicted, thus you especially must move on to keep the working initiative, and will lead out from one to another of the above cited stances, which I will clarify with a few words about the strikes through the lines or pathways.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/39|1|lbl=Ⅰ.9r.1}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword Cuts.jpg|center]]
| <p>Firstly if you will execute the high or Vertex Strike, you will find yourself in three Stances, first in the start you will stand in the Roof, in the Middle in the Long Point, and end up in the Fool, so you have moved directly from above through the Line from A to E via three Guards or Stances. If you then drive farther on upward from below to displace with crossed hands, you will find yourself in three more Stances, at the start in the Iron Door, in the Middle the Hanging Point, and in the end full above you in the Unicorn, then grip your Sword with the haft before your chest, so that the half edge lies on your left arm. Now you stand in the Key, and thus you come have onward and drove on along Line A and E from one stance into the other.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/39|2|lbl=Ⅰ.9r.2}}

|- 
| <p>The other lines to consider are on the right where we will now examine two strikes. One is from the right Ox striking the high quarter, with the H - D line being addressed, the other is from the Left high part going to the right lower part, along the B - F line. How you will strike through these will be further described here, and then I will soon take you farther through all Strikes and Stances on both sides, both Right and Left, which will be fully described, and of this I will disclose all favourable methods shortly but will start by describing only one method.</p>

<p>Firstly or initially move into the Wrathful Guard, from which also comes the strike’s name, that is the Wrathful Strike, which is named for its wrathful bearing and intent, then midway through the strike move into the Long Point, and at the end move into the Changer. Should you strike onward from here with the Long edge, you will then go farther through three more Stances, which start with the Low Guard, onward through the middle with the Long Point, and end above you in the Unicorn, striking through the Line cited above.Thus from either side as you wish, you will start from the Changer and go through the Long Point into the Wrathful Guard.</p>

<p>You can similarly strike out with your Sword from the Hanging Point, from which you drive over in front of you to move into the Guard of the Ox. Thus you find always, when taking the indicated Lines, one moves through them via at least three stances.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/39|3|lbl=Ⅰ.9r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/40|1|lbl=Ⅰ.9v.1|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>However it shall be a good Fencer who does not rush and who waits longer in his Stances, so that as soon as he can reach his opponent to attack, he can Fence onward to take the pre-named paths, as waiting longer allows many displacements from which one eventually can come to strike, as will be described below.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/40|2|lbl=Ⅰ.9v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The Stances are also very useful towards the divisions and openings, thus if one comes into a Stance without danger before Striking, he can soon be mindful of what path to take from pre-fencing. These then serve not just for careful and sensible changes from one Stance to the other, but also to entice the opponent, such that he will be made unable to know what you shall Fence with. Lastly this is also good and useful for all from here on, in that you will easily know and recognise your opponent’s part, and what he can safely fence with, and so thus oppose him more sensibly.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/40|3|lbl=Ⅰ.9v.3}}

|- 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | <p>Now much has been said about this art’s start, namely the pre-fencing against your opponent, which faces off through the Stances to the Strikes. Now the rest of the art will follow and we will move onto other parts, and in due form onto the next chapter, which is Of The Strikes.</p>
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/40|4|lbl=Ⅰ.9v.4}}

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = 4 - Of The Strikes
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|start|Incomplete Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Of The Strikes'''</p>

<p>Chapter 4</p>

<p>Now I come to write of the artful and free Knightly exersize, namely to the Strikes, which is a major Heading in Fencing in that the basics are given here, the number is told, each is described, and how they are executed to the full, will here be noted and told, and from here alone the friendly reader will afterward be reminded, that between the Sword Fighting times, when it was in custom for our forefathers and the ancients, and our time there is a great difference, in that not only was the point used, which is not the custom today, but of old much more of the Sword was used in the strikes, and they fenced sharply with both strikes and stabs, and thus shall I present this and other points of knowledge.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/41|1|lbl=Ⅰ.10v.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>However, as of now the Strikes with the Sword belong to two underlying principles, as in the direct and inverted strikes. The Direct strikes are named such as they strike against the opponent with the long edge and outstretched arms. There are four, the Over, Wrathful, Middle and Under Strikes, and from these all the others come forth, and in the world will still be found none conceived as such, and of them not one of these will be feebly grasped and deployed by you. These are named the Lead or Principal Strikes.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/41|2|lbl=Ⅰ.10v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The inverted strikes are those where in the strike you turn your sword hand around so that you hit the opponent, not with the full or long edge, but somewhat with the short edge, flat, or engage at an angle. Face this with the Slide, Short, Crown, Glance, Arc, Traverse, Bounce, Blind, Wind, Knee Hollow, Plunge, and Changer Strikes.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/41|3|lbl=Ⅰ.10v.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Thus you come to the four above cited Strikes, and from there the various strikes are named.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/42|1|lbl=Ⅰ.11r.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Now from these both come five for further reading, as the Master Strikes will be named, not that one can thus fully use the weapon Rightly, and Master this art so soon, but that from them one can Master all proper artful elements which will be acted on from knowing them here, and thus you can Fence properly at need, and become an artfully striking Fencer, who retains all Master principles at the same time, and against whom nothing can be borne. These Strikes are Wrathful, Arc, Thwart, Glancer, and Vertex.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/42|2|lbl=Ⅰ.11r.2}}
|- 
| 
| <p>How all these are done I will show you in due order, and firstly speak of the Direct Strikes, of which the first will be the Over Strike.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/42|3|lbl=Ⅰ.11r.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Over Strike'''</p>

<p>The Over Strike is a strong strike directly from Above, against your opponent’s head or scalp, therefore it is also called Vertex Strike.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/42|4|lbl=Ⅰ.11r.4}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword Cuts.jpg|center]]
| <p>'''Wrathful Strike'''</p>

<p>The Wrathful Strike is a serious strike from your Right Shoulder, against your opponent’s left ear, or through his face or chest, consider how it’s done through two lines, with the lines drawn through the upper right and crosswise overtop one another. This is the strongest beyond all others in that all one’s strength and manliness is laid against one’s opponent in fighting and fencing, therefore the ancients also named it Straight Strike or Father Strike. Along the considered lines you can move onwards, etc.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/42|5|lbl=Ⅰ.11r.5}}

|- 
| <p>'''Middle or Diagonal Traverse Strike'''</p>

<p>The Middle or Traversing Strike can execute most effects the Wrathful Strike can, the difference is only that while the Wrathful Strike is a forceful high point, the Diagonal Traverse is traverses above, as shown in the Traverse line including both C and G. Such lines are also applicable to Dusack.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/43|1|lbl=Ⅰ.11v.1}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword B.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Under Strike'''</p>

<p>This you execute thusly, strike so that you move into the Right Ox (more is said about this in the next chapter) and thus can bring your opponent fencer into range, and step to strike from below traversing above into their left arm, while coming into position with the hilt high above your head, and thus complete. Regarding this, see the figures fighting against the left in the background of illustration B.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/43|2|lbl=Ⅰ.11v.2}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword G.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Glancing Strike'''</p>

<p>The Glancing Strike is also a High strike, but has been so named in that one closes with a small glancing blow, which is done thus: put yourself in the Guard of the Roof or Wrath (as shown in the third chapter) with your left foot forward, from which you will be striking, and while striking be sure to wind your short edge against his strike, and hit with inverting hands at the same time as closing with him, step fully with your Right Foot toward his left side, and so quickly take his head, thus have you done it rightly, and will stand as shown by the figures fighting on the left side of illustration G.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/43|3|lbl=Ⅰ.11v.3}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Arc Strike'''</p>

<p>This strike is described thus: stand in the Wrath Guard with your left foot forward, when your opponent strikes, step with your right foot fully away from his strike and against his left side, strike with the long edge and crossed hands against his strike, or between his pommel and blade, diagonally over his hands, and fully overshoot his arms to lay on the blade, as shown in illustration D by the figures on the upper right hand side.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/45|1|lbl=Ⅰ.12v.1}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword H.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Thwart'''</p>

<p>You send yourself into the Thwarter thus: assume the primary stance of Wrathful Guard to the right (as shown in the previous chapter), that is you put your left foot forward and hold your sword over your right shoulder, as if you would strike a wrathful strike, and when your opponent strikes you from the roof or above, strike closely with your short edge, breaking against his strike from below, holding your hilt high above to displace near your head, and strike to close by stepping full onto his Left side, thus displacing and closing against the other as shown by the left background figures of illustration H. This can be executed to the left thus striking his right side with a changed point, in that you will strike against his right by engaging with the long edge.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/45|2|lbl=Ⅰ.12v.2}}

<section begin="Kurtzhauw"/>
|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword B.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Short Strike'''</p>

<p>This is a secretive attack, and is described thus: when your opponent strikes you from above, stand as if you would respond with a Arc Strike, that is to bind his sword with the half edge, but let it fall and drive through under his sword, strike with the half edge and crossed arms over his right arm to hit his head, thus you have closed off his sword with the long edge, and accomplished the Short Strike, and stand as is shown by the smaller figure (mid background) on the left of illustration B fighting against the right.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/45|3|lbl=Ⅰ.12v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/46|1|lbl=Ⅰ.13r.1|p=1}}
<section end="Kurtzhauw"/> <section begin="Glützhauw"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Slide Strike'''</p>

<p>The Slide Strike is described as follows: when you are attacked from above, hit with even or free hands against his strike, aiming at his upper left opening, let your blade’s midsection ride up his blade so that the short edge will swing over his hands and hit his head.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/46|2|lbl=Ⅰ.13r.2}}
<section end="Glützhauw"/><section begin="Prellhauw"/>
|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword K.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Bounce Strike'''</p>

<p>This one is twofold, one the single, the other one named the double. The single is made thus: when your adversary strikes at you from above, meet his strike with a Zwerch, as soon as it connects, twitch the sword around the head, and strike from your left with the outward flat towards his ear, as shown by the large figures on the right hand side of Illustration K, so that the sword bounces back again, thus twitch it during the rebounding swing back around the head again, strike with the Zwerch towards the left, thus it is completed.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/46|3|lbl=Ⅰ.13r.3}}
|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>Do the double thus: just as your adversary brings his sword in the air to work against you while closing in, place yourself in the right Ochs, twitch your sword around your head, and strike with the inward flat strongly against his blade from your right side so that your pommel touches your forearm during the strike, as it is depicted in the large picture in Illustration I, and can be seen on the left hand side. However, while striking step well around towards his left with your right foot, and as soon as it hits or connects, pull it upwards and wrench out simultaneously towards your left side and nimbly strike from the outside with inverted hands again towards the same opening, that is with the inverted flat when it strongly rebounds in a ricochet motion, thus you have done it right.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/46|4|lbl=Ⅰ.13r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/48|1|lbl=Ⅰ.14r.1|p=1}}
<section end="Prellhauw"/><section begin="Blendthauw"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Blind Strike'''</p>

<p>Bind your opponent’s sword from your right side, wind through in the clash against his left side with your hilt or haft below, when your opponent tries to swipe away the winding, quickly move the weak with crossed hands from your right toward his left against his head, that is the forward point, wind your hands through again or twist out to your left with the half edge. Thus you have fully executed the Blind Strike, which can be made in many ways and from there further on in places.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/48|2|lbl=Ⅰ.14r.2}}
<section end="Blendthauw"/><section begin="Windthauw"/>
|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword H.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Wound Strike'''</p>

<p>The Wound Strike is described as follows: if your opponent strikes from above, then strike against his sword with crossed hands from the left and below, so that your pommel sits under your right arm, and thus quick to glide, step strongly from him from your left side with your left foot, swing your sword’s pommel out farther in an arc toward your left side so that the swing moves your long edge over his right arm behind his pommel or hits atop his right arm, as is shown by the figure in the right side foreground of illustration H, and closely thereafter your sword flies out from close to your side, and again strikes against the hands through the cross, so it is done.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/48|3|lbl=Ⅰ.14r.3}}
<section end="Windthauw"/><section begin="Kronhauw"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Crown Strike'''</p>

<p>This you hold thus: when you stand in the Plough or in a similar stance (which are discussed in an earlier chapter) which allow stabs from below, and your opponent strikes at you from above, then drive above you with a high traversing cross, intercept his strike above on your riccasso or quillons, and as soon as he slides, bring your pommel up high and strike with the half edge behind his blade onto his head, thus you have rightly executed the Crown Strike.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/48|4|lbl=Ⅰ.14r.4}}
<section end="Kronhauw"/><section begin="Kniechelhauw"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Knuckle Strike'''</p>

<p>This strike takes its name from the joint against which it is tried, and is completed thus: when at first you hold your hands high above your head, and your opponent is moving under his sword so his head is held between both arms, then strike with a traversing strike under his sword’s pommel, with a view to his knuckles or to the joints between hand and arm. If he holds his hands much too high, then strike with a rising traverse Strike from below up against the knob of his elbows, thus is it completed.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/49|1|lbl=Ⅰ.14v.1}}
<section end="Kniechelhauw"/><section begin="Sturzhauw"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Plunge Strike'''</p>

<p>Although this strike is an Over Strike, be aware that between one and the other lies a minor difference, from which comes this strike’s name of Plunge Strike, that one strikes through by plungeing from above, and that the point comes against one’s opponent’s face from the Ox, and can thus be executed from the start or pre-fencing.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/49|2|lbl=Ⅰ.14v.2}}
<section end="Sturzhauw"/><section begin="Wechselhauw"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Change Strike'''</p>

<p>The Change Strike is nothing other than changing from one side to the other, from above to below and back again, before striking your opponent, thus make it so.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/49|3|lbl=Ⅰ.14v.3}}
<section end="Wechselhauw"/><section begin="Schneller"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Rusher or Twitch-hit'''</p>

<p>Rusher or twitch-hit(?) is basically a thing which is actually not a strike, but if the strike should be rushed it will be completed in the middle or full work when one has engaged, namely from above or on both sides or from below against your opponent with the flat or outer part of the blade, let the weapon snatch or rush inward in a swing over or under his blade.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/49|4|lbl=Ⅰ.14v.4}} 
<section end="Schneller"/>
|- 
| 
| 
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/49|5|lbl=Ⅰ.14v.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/50|1|lbl=Ⅰ.15r.1|p=1}}

|- 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/50|2|lbl=Ⅰ.15r.2}}

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = 5 - Of Displacing
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Of Displacing, a useful concept'''</p>

<p>Chapter 5</p>

<p>Fencing is based on two prerequisite parts, namely first on the Strikes which you initially put against your opponent, with the other being displacement, which is how you judge and work off of your opponent’s Strikes, and you do not do this weakly. How you accomplish the Strikes and the elements of striving has already been sufficiently clarified, because displacing, or how one properly meets every opposing strike with your weapon and therewith put them away at need so as not to have your body injured, cannot be learned without first learning the Strikes. Because you have now learned the Strikes you can approach the subject of how you displace those Strikes, and come to learn and understand these just as the Strikes have now been heeded and cannot be dismissed, and will be solidified from noting and treating the basics with special care. Be first aware that the parries are twofold, the first is without any particular advantage and is resorted to only for blocking parries from which you cannot do more with your weapon in that you oppose your opponent’s strike to avoid being damaged, but then seek not to damage him, but only to withdraw as you wish without being injured by him.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/50|3|lbl=Ⅰ.15r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/51|1|lbl=Ⅰ.15v.1|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>When you are forced to these parries with force and strong bearing, see that you steady yourself by stepping back, and thus be able to come into the “Before” again with advantage from the parry, to this Liechtenauer did speak.</p>

:Before displacing guard yourself.<br/>Place yourself for advantage.
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/51|2|lbl=Ⅰ.15v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>With which he didn’t completely warn against parrying, namely that you should teach only strikes and how to damage, as was told above. When you will succeed from displacing, it does much, thus you should displace stoutly. Thus it is used not only to return strikes, on the other hand it also keeps an eye on preventing his strikes from moving in closely, so that no more fencing can then be built or similarly be attempted without problem.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/51|3|lbl=Ⅰ.15v.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>However, to be more useful I will with one stroke put forward Strikes and Displacing here, and only teach you how you will need to displace such strikes, which also need to be shown as two points. First how you will intercept and put away your opponent’s strike, or set it aside in one blow, then second when you meet his advancing weapon and rush in with one blow to his body.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/51|4|lbl=Ⅰ.15v.4}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The second Art of displacing is when you parry and injure your opponent with one strike, which the ancients undertook with special praise, from which these spoken words grew: a proper fencer parries not, as his opponent strikes so he too strikes, as his opponent steps so he too steps, as his opponent stabs so he too stabs.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/52|1|lbl=Ⅰ.16r.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Of the first shall you now know, that the Oberhau impairs all other strikes as in the Wrath, Middle or Diagonal, and Under Strike, from above it blocks down below you, from this know when to spring against his strikes, and close to his strikes which he releases with strength so that you then rightly engage, his weapon thus weakened that you then can strike another full to his body before he can rightly take it. As the Oberhau blocks all secondary strikes down from above, so will it drive off all from the Wrath or Diagonal strike, and thus it also takes the Under with strong placing, and be there with help from stepping out with the Oberhau above one’s self.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/52|2|lbl=Ⅰ.16r.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>When however two similar strikes come together thus with your orderly stepping, in that you step a little before or after the other, so that it’s placed in an eyeblink, then you bring up your displacement. This displacement is brought on with the principal and direct strikes, the other displacement however is when you closely displace and engage, then hit with the countering strikes, as in the Glance, Slide, Crown and Traverse strikes, and with them then complete, thus have you heard above about clearing every strike.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/52|3|lbl=Ⅰ.16r.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Then such countering strikes are taken onward from there as foundations, so that with close displacement comes hitting. However, because I should not backtrack, but direct you to more understanding and knowledge, I will give an example of displacing with the Zwerchhau.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/52|4|lbl=Ⅰ.16r.4}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Place yourself into the Wrathful Guard, if you are then struck from above, then step with the right foot forward against your opponent’s side, and strike with a traverse to that side, short cut a high traverse to close in with it, thus that you take his strike onto the strong of your blade, catching it near your quillons and, with the farther end of your sword, hit his left ear, thus have you thus closely displaced and hit with a second.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/53|1|lbl=Ⅰ.16v.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The other strikes, which still can be hit with further displacement, as in with the Short Strike and feinting etc. will not be reckoned into fencing, especially since only accident or chances will be given that way, and One thus leads one on to provoke, operating wrathfully, and drive from one’s advantage, which often times cannot be done without danger, and so because of this no other displacement will be shown.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/53|2|lbl=Ⅰ.16v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Handwork'''</p>

<p>All in the first part of fencing up until now, both the Stances and Strikes, were sufficiently and properly done, and from thus we come ahead, that you come to your opponent as equals under the sword, and so first push one’s self to strive seriously, so that you drive against him accurately and forcefully into the Middle work such as Misleading, Following After, Changing, Doubling, Hitting After, setting the Prize thus as the goal all Fencers work toward and wish to attain and keep with quick work.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/53|3|lbl=Ⅰ.16v.3}}


|- 
| 
| <p>Because it doesn’t start off fully and immediately, where you neither close nor safely attack, then from there on the largest art lies, which is fully grasped here in this chapter of handwork. Since similar things must happen in various ways, on this you’ll have advice in every special word and way, which will be through lessons, and from there through demonstration you shall fully draw clearly and rightly how it is done and understood.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/53|4|lbl=Ⅰ.16v.4}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>And now stands the whole Handwork applied in binding or staying, Travelling After, Cutting, Chopping Down, Walking Around, Misleading, Flowing Off, Putting Away, Displacing, Twitching, Doubling, Overturning, Capturing, Avoiding, Circling, Channeling, Winding, Winding Through, Changing, Changing Through, Cutting Away, Hand Punching, Shooting Ahead, Hanging, Moving Out, Blocking, Adjusting, Grappling, Closing, etc.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/55|1|lbl=Ⅰ.17v.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Binding, Staying, Feeling.'''</p>

<p>These are names for when the swords are in contact with each other. Staying is two moded, firstly when the swords stop each other, watch what One wants to fence with then and where you can attack your opponent if you will. Then there is the other with which one sends strikes, when you set yourself as if you sought to recover from a strike, only to slash quickly and come inward again with the short edge, thus back to the Before to strike with the long edge. Now mark the word “feeling” which means so much, as it therewith sends or finds, you will become aware how hard or soft on your sword he is, etc.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/55|2|lbl=Ⅰ.17v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Travelling After'''</p>

<p>This is an especially good handwork, and therein the need and will to know will be raised if you want to rise and become a Master at low cost, thus conduct yourself in Travelling After: When your opponent starts to move his sword above or below himself so as to prepare to strike, you rush at his targets and thus preemptively intercept his Strike, which then can be joined against as you come to want or need, with this one fences and sweeps away with your strike. Since you soon require better understanding, I will clarify this to you with an example.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/55|3|lbl=Ⅰ.17v.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>When one fences against you, take on whatever part his sword takes, if leading first in the right Ox, that is in the high right quarter, thus you shall take off as soon as he changes his sword from there to the other side or off to seek a strike, move similarly and strike after it with cunning, and of course you’ll need to pick a strike and target, against which you close and soon you’ll want your displacement. However if he fences out of the Low Guard, thus mark that as soon as he drives out, (he fences from either left or right side), follow cunningly under his sword from below with the long edge and strike the next opening.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/55|4|lbl=Ⅰ.17v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/56|1|lbl=Ⅰ.18r.1|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Slicing'''</p>

<p>Is a fundamental element of proper handwork, when you rush from your opponent with quick and agile blows, you can block and impede him better with no other move than with the slice, which you, though you will treasure it in all instances as special as here, will hold in reserve. You must however complete the slices thus: after you entangle your opponent’s sword with the bind, you shall strive thereon, feel if he would withdraw or flow off from the bind, as soon as he flows off, drive against him with the long edge on his arm, thrust the strong or quillons from you in the effort, let fly, and as he himself seeks to retrieve, strike then to the next opening.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/56|2|lbl=Ⅰ.18r.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Slashing Around'''</p>

<p>Is named from hitting around with the sword, when you have bound from your right against his left, from this bind leave off again, strike or rush around to the other side.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/56|3|lbl=Ⅰ.18r.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Flowing Off'''</p>

<p>On whichever hand you bind on your opponent’s sword, so move while retrieving your hand, and let yourself flow off below you with the half edge, and twitch under to bring your riccasso high overhead to strike, and drive such to both sides.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/56|4|lbl=Ⅰ.18r.4}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Misleading'''</p>

<p>Remember this: when you show your intent, as if you mean to fence to one of your opponent’s openings, absolutely do not do so, but instead slash the strike unto another opening, to which you should come properly without injury, and thus Misleading enables many moves, such as facing with the Glancer Strike, Hacking, Flying, Beckoning, Off Flowing, Twitch, Circle and others. In addition, Misleading is not only performed with the sword, but also by presenting various initial stances, which are not yet more techniques, because techniques are the fencer’s distinction, toward which you direct yourself throughout fencing at every single distinction and habit which then shall be set upon with wrath. This quickly clears hands fenced slowly, thus Misleading likewise requires forms which will be directed in the work.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/57|1|lbl=Ⅰ.18v.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Flying Off'''</p>

<p>Withdrawing thus is shown: when you in either pre-fencing or full work strike at your opponent’s opening, but he drives to intercept your strike in the air, do not allow him to put his blade onto your sword, but twitch off the strike with one flight in the air to another opening, which will work very well against this, follow only after your sword and your body will not come to be hurt.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/57|2|lbl=Ⅰ.18v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Setting Aside'''</p>

<p>Now in all Fencing moves, as above were shown, two things are necessary, namely strikes, and strikes which clear or displace with the sword. So mark that this handwork is the proper clearing or displacing, with which you won’t address the strikes badly and not strike onward again, but move at the same time to address his opening during the withdrawal. As you come during pre-fencing into the Changer, and as he strikes to you then from Above, drive upward with the long edge against his strike, and step at the same time with your right foot against his left and offset him, then as soon as he glides, wind the short edge, and rush at him against his head.</p>
| 
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|- 
| 
| <p>'''Slinging'''</p>

<p>Is nothing other than how you let a strike fly in a Sling to your opponent’s head, for this put yourself in the Fool’s guard, and pull your sword back though close to your right, step with your right foot to your opponent while pulling your sword back to you, and sling your strike to his head. This Slinging Strike shall fly out even like a stone is thrown from a sling, whatever more you need note on Slinging you will find described in sections after here.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/58|2|lbl=Ⅰ.19r.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Twitching'''</p>

<p>Twitching is one very good handwork with which you can masterly mislead your opponent, and which shall be operated thus: After you have bound against your opponent with the long edge or have struck in to an opening, handily twitch over yourself again as if you want to strike to the other side, however don’t drive ahead, but handily execute the strike with the short edge again onto the point, from which you are exited.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/58|3|lbl=Ⅰ.19r.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Doubling'''</p>

<p>Is a strike or move made double in this wise: Strike first from your right to his ear, as then when the swords glide together, thrust your sword’s pommel through under your right arm, driving at the same time out with both arms, and hit him with the the short edge behind his blade onto his head. This handwork will therefore be called Doubling, because through it a double or twofold strike will be accomplished, first with long and then with short edge.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/58|4|lbl=Ⅰ.19r.4}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Inverting'''</p>

<p>Inverting is: bind onto your opponent’s sword against his left, and just as the pommel moves under your right arm, thrust through, if he at the same time would come at your head in a strike against your right, push your blade or arms from you with crossed hands so as to ward him below you so that he cannot work onward, however make your required space to work.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/59|1|lbl=Ⅰ.19v.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Clipping'''</p>

<p>Clipping is two moded, the first is when you, as just now was told, come at him in a flip his arm or blade, thus stopping his blade or arm with quillons stiff under you, and under this let the blade Clip to his head.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/59|2|lbl=Ⅰ.19v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>However, the other is where he closes to you with a Loop under him, retreat with the left foot towards his right, and at the same time reach over his right arm with the pommel above, pull back under yourself, and let the sword edge come under his blade to clip against his head, such that your hands come to cross over each other.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/59|3|lbl=Ⅰ.19v.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Feinting'''</p>

<p>Feinting can be wanted each time, however it will be useful and resorted to properly and in the suitable time which only the advancing fencer knows, thereby you will effect a false strike with advantage, that you seek to attain another from there, and take it soon. When you strike at one opening, and your opponent would displace you, don’t pull the strike but let it flow off nicely, and strike to another opening, as in this example. In advancing come into the right Wrath, and as soon as you can reach him, step and strike at the left ear unto his sword, however in the strike, even and then pull it, thus lift the pommel and let the blade miss and flow off near his left, and twitch over the head, as to then strike him on the other side, out over his right arm to his head.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/59|4|lbl=Ⅰ.19v.4}}
<section begin="Zirckel"/>
|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword E.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Circle'''</p>

<p>When you stand in the bind before your opponent, and both you and he drive the swords foreward in the air overhead, but neither will give away an opening to the other, then the Circle is an especially good work model at need which you will execute thus: Strike with the half edge and crossed hands from above toward his right side forward through above, so that both your hands stay overhead, but in striking cross your right hand boldly over your left, thereby you will want to reach or graze his right ear with the half edge, the sword thus clips him with your arms under yourself, then step with the right foot to take on his right side or to bring yourself back, and strike a direct splitting strike to his head.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/61|1|lbl=Ⅰ.20v.1}}
<section end="Zirckel"/><section begin="Rinde"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Rounds'''</p>

<p>The rounds are two things, Single and Double. The single round is when you twitch off your sword from your opponent’s blade or opening in a swing overhead, and let fly over in the air so that you make a round circle. The double round is this: when you so twitch strongly off from his sword, that it goes over your head two times in full swing overhead, one time to each side, thus both single and double rounds are very serviceable also to Leading On, such that you will see and drive farther onward.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/61|2|lbl=Ⅰ.20v.2}}
<section end="Rinde"/><section begin="Winden"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Winding'''</p>

<p>The word Winding is known in good German as Twisting, whose work shall be done thus: when you have bound onto your opponent’s sword from your right against his left, then hold fast in the bind and wind the far part of your blade inward against his head, and then again out. So that you will be told how to always stay stiff onto his sword in the bind, such will be shown in this example.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/61|3|lbl=Ⅰ.20v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/62|1|lbl=Ⅰ.21r.1|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Strike once from the Roof, thus binding from your right with a hard traverse onto his sword, and just as it connects, thrust your pommel through under your right arm, and wind the short edge thus in a rush inward against his head, in this all but stay with the edge hard against his sword, if he would beware of the rush and displace, or if you feel that he will fall down to your openings from above, then pull the pommel from under your arm again to your left above you, and hit him again with the short edge through the traverse to his left ear.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/62|2|lbl=Ⅰ.21r.2}}
<section end="Winden"/><section begin="Durchwinden"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Winding Through'''</p>

<p>If you bind with a Traverse Strike, as was described before here, wind the short edge inward against your opponent’s head, then step through under it with the right foot between you and him, against your opponent’s right side, and wind through at the same time with your hilt under your blade from your left side, and drive him with your pommel winding out over your right arm, step back with the right foot, and travel at the same time from your right side out under him, and slash in with the long edge to the head, thus have you not only wound through, but also wrenched over with the pommel.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/62|3|lbl=Ⅰ.21r.3}}
<section end="Durchwinden"/><section begin="Wechseln"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Changes'''</p>

<p>A skilled fencer will have Changes, so then be skilled at such and only Change at the right time, and only when you need, and not give away your openings without cause. However he who will be experienced in fencing will need the knowledge of Changes, for is it an artful work and belongs to fencing with all this, that while it only works against the sword and not against the body, the Changes are many. Change in opening from one side to the other, change before the attack from one stance to another.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/62|4|lbl=Ⅰ.21r.4}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Remember in the attacks to change through against the strikes, thus in the pre-fencing strike from your right a direct Wrath or High strike against your opponent’s left side, strike him against the sword and not to his body, thus let the point flit under his sword with crossed hands with the strike, step and strike in to the other high target, see however that you carefully ensure that he does not attack or set upon you by following after, to this in the beginning come into the Long Point, and stretch likewise long from you, if he strikes at your sword, and will hit out or wind, then let the point drop under yourself through sinking, and work him to the other side, if he swipes after and will displace, then change through again, bite onward again to another opening or work to stand yet rightly, then after you can strike.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/62|5|lbl=Ⅰ.21r.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/63|1|lbl=Ⅰ.21v.1|p=1}}
<section end="Wechseln"/><section begin="Abschneiden"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Slicing Off'''</p>

<p>Slicing Off shall you drive thus: hold the sword with outstretched arms long from you, or sink into the Fool’s guard, strike your opponent then with a long strike from you, and thus slice away from you to both sides with the long edge, so as long as you keep your advantage, that you onward will come to work properly at need.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/63|2|lbl=Ⅰ.21v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>In Slicing Off travelling after is also advantageous when done together with the slice, thus concerning this Liechtenauer spoke in a quote.</p>

:Slice off the hardened,<br/>driven from both.
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/63|3|lbl=Ⅰ.21v.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>That is cut the hard strike off from you from both sides. Apart than this, Slicing Off will be described more only after here in examples and other defenses.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/63|4|lbl=Ⅰ.21v.4}}
<section end="Abschneiden"/><section begin="Hendtrucken"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Hand Hitting'''</p>

<p>Hand Hitting is almost the same as the Slice to the arm, of which is told above, and not otherwise shown, how to be done with the Over and Under cuts, unless you run one through with oafish hitting, so drive him under his strike with the Crown or other high displacement, or go under yourself by hanging, and catch his sword on your blade’s flat, and thus you come under his sword, yet pay attention when when he with his strike goes off from your defense again over you, that you follow after him with the strong of your sword, and take him with the hilt from below to drive the strong, that you trap him with both the strong and your blade, thrust at him with the hilt above you, and strike long against the opening.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/63|5|lbl=Ⅰ.21v.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/64|1|lbl=Ⅰ.22r.1|p=1}}
<section end="Hendtrucken"/><section begin="Verschieben"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Deflecting'''</p>

<p>When you stand in the right wrath, and you will be struck at, let the blade hang behind you, and send your hanging blade over your head and under his blade, that you catch his strike on your flat, and your thumbs stand broad across your hilt under you, to then wind or otherwise further work as you want, whatever you can best take onward.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/64|2|lbl=Ⅰ.22r.2}}
<section end="Verschieben"/><section begin="Hengen"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Hanging'''</p>

<p>From the preceeding, Hanging is to be understood clearly, this you do thusly: When you stand in the Plough and your opponent strikes to you, drive your grip above you so that the blade hangs somewhat toward the ground, and take his strike thus on your blade’s flat, to then work with Winding to the next opening.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/64|3|lbl=Ⅰ.22r.3}}
<section end="Hengen"/><section begin="Außreissen"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Wrenching Out'''</p>

<p>If you bind once from your right, overturn your sword in the bind, and pull out to your left side, so that you both stand close together in the meeting, thus endevour that you can come at him with the pommel from below and wrench over yourself, or you rush him from Above to grapple over the arm with the pommel, or to whatever way the winding wants to happen, then wrench out underneath, that you thereafter come farther to hear more.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/64|4|lbl=Ⅰ.22r.4}}
<section end="Außreissen"/><section begin="Sperren"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Blocking'''</p>

<p>Mark when one stands before you in the Changer or Fool’s guard, and cunningly drop with long edge upon his blade, and just as he glides or pulls, cross over your hands, and block him so that he can’t come out, or when he strikes in front of you, drop with crossed hands onto the blade and block him.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/65|1|lbl=Ⅰ.22v.1}}
<section end="Sperren"/><section begin="Verstüllen"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Forestalling'''</p>

<p>Forestalling shall be driven thus: if one comes working unto you with all sorts of actions against the four targets, and strives then to move overhead, drop a cut onto his arm or his sword and let him not come further, especially not where he wants to, thus follow after him with the cut hard on his arm, and forestall thus his advance that he can’t work on, and as soon as you see your opportunity, thrust out with your edge and let fly to the next opening.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/65|2|lbl=Ⅰ.22v.2}}
<section end="Verstüllen"/><section begin="Ubergreiffen"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Overgripping'''</p>

<p>Overgripping is thus: Strike from your right to his upper left opening, however in the strike grip with the fingers out over the cross or hilt while holding the thumb on the haft, then with the left hand raise the pommel and slash in with hanging blade over or behind his displacement to the head.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/65|3|lbl=Ⅰ.22v.3}}
<section end="Ubergreiffen"/><section begin="Einlauffen"/>
|- 
| 
| <p>'''Charging In'''</p>

<p>Charging In is nothing other than a charge in under your sword, that both swords come together, beyond this belong grappling and throwing, so that you from here on will attain understanding, will I retain all until now, and now move on to the third section of my list.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/65|4|lbl=Ⅰ.22v.4}}
<section end="Einlauffen"/>
|- 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | <p>What the dear reader heard only up until now, on knowing how to engage your opponent with the strikes, moving also through the middle where you will want to come further in the handwork without damage, is meanwhile however not enough without the third, which will be making a good withdrawal. Thus I will give you proper and clear direction in Withdrawing in the following chapter.</p>
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/66|1|lbl=Ⅰ.23r.1}}

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = 6 - Of the Withdrawal
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Of the Withdrawal'''</p>

<p>Chapter 6</p>

<p>If, as has been said, one has started, and in nearly half the efforts is rebuffed in every action, thus indeed making all the same all a bad end, thus come back to the before and do it well, not to execute and downfall, and observe how daily, that now with this you shall not be opposed in fencing, that afterwards you will go on grasping this and have safety after hitting, with honour’s first test at last, which one would then overcome, thus I with this will show and clarify how the withdrawal shall be done.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/66|2|lbl=Ⅰ.23r.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>This then will be heeded in particular, that after every attack always know the three wisdoms of withdrawing, either at first before your opponent, or at the last after him, or even at the same time with him. If you would withdraw before him then exert yourself, that you drive out before you with the most wary moves, that he must shoot to drive high, just as he would then see what you would employ in front, strike through at the same time as the withdrawing stroke, and drive on away as you will then first be wary.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/66|3|lbl=Ⅰ.23r.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>If you would withdraw after him, mark that this will be seen as two different concepts, firstly when you wait for your Opponent’s withdrawal, thus when he strikes away, that you cunningly follow after his withdrawal above his blade. The second is when you stall with faking, as if you would withdraw before him, however handle your strike artfully indeed and guardingly behind, thereby when he rushes against you, you strike a false strike to him and decline, so that you cover your weapon against him and can strike to an opening. However, when you want to withdraw at the same time as him, then place yourself that you can cover his blade by stepping out and away from the strike, and when he strikes away on his right, you will be on his left, where however he strikes from his left, you step out at his right, and at the same time as him, strike in.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/66|4|lbl=Ⅰ.23r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/67|1|lbl=Ⅰ.23v.1|p=1}}

|- 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | <p>While you will bring all this with you, in this section you will be instructed on his point, such that enough can and will be retained.</p>
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/67|2|lbl=Ⅰ.23v.2}}

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = 7 - A Lesson in Stepping
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A Lesson in Stepping'''</p>

<p>Chapter 7</p>

<p>Here a wisdom is now particularly needed, one not yet practiced in fencing, thus I will report on stepping and onward show that nothing is relied on as much as one step and, if one already is upon that reliance, that such a one marks what is said if he would learn well, in that as this is relied on so much, so it will be gained by experience as all artful fencing is to be gained. Where the proper steps are not used, the ancient Fencer commented and covered this as stated in his twelth rule:</p>

:He who steps after striking<br/>deserves less joy in his art.
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/67|3|lbl=Ⅰ.23v.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>That is that every strike must have its own step which shall occur at the same time as the strike, if you would do otherwise with the elements which you resort to, then step too early or too late, thus it happens around your play, and you thus bring yourself around your strike, thus learn to make the steps right so that your opponent cannot work as he really wants, bringing on a stop, particularly so that you upset his grounding or place as it were. In attacking now let yourself mark this, and position yourself as if you would make large and far steps, but actually stay closer with your feet correct, and attack him. So much is then built on from here. Since all of this must be learned and used in fencing, this must be known.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/67|4|lbl=Ⅰ.23v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/68|1|lbl=Ⅰ.24r.1|p=1}}

|- 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | <p>The steps are done in three different ways, firstly backward and forward, what these are can’t be clarified much as one namely steps to or from someone. The other ones are the steps to the sides which are delineated through a triangle, namely thus: Stand in a straight line with your right foot before your opponent, and with the left behind the right step toward his left, this is the first. The second which is done double you do thus: Step as before with the right foot against his left, then follow with the left behind the right somewhat to the side to his left, and then again with the right farther to his left. The third type is the broken or stolen steps, these are accomplished thus, stand yourself as if you would step forward with your right foot, but as and when you go low, then step back with it behind the other foot. Since these are the same as described in Rapier, I will thus leave it for now.</p>
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/68|2|lbl=Ⅰ.24r.2}}

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = 8 - Of Before, After, During, and Indes
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Of Before, After, During, and Just As'''</p>

<p>Chapter 8</p>

<p>Up until now the proper Leading parts of all Fencing with the Sword, how many they were, how you named them, and how they shall be made and accomplished were actually clarified in good order, that from them now you can drive from your place as it were, and bring these elements into play.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/69|1|lbl=Ⅰ.24v.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Meanwhile however your opponent has observed this as well, so be prepared, that you too can oppose all such, that is from noting how you know first with what opportunities you can approach him, then evaluate the opportunity and use it appropriately in the fight, which you practice daily, but at all times know that no element will ever be as good as intended, which is to be useful in the fight, if it is off track and not to proper time.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/69|2|lbl=Ⅰ.24v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Thus because of this pay attention in all three parts to all things, namely in pre-fencing or the onset, in the middle or handwork, and following thereafter in withdrawing, to the Before, During, After, and Just As, which if not heeded will be of no help in fencing.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/69|3|lbl=Ⅰ.24v.3}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The Before is so named as you attack the opponent with your strikes first and then drive forward that he cannot come to his intended target, so you must displace with care, as he wants to shoot before you do.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/69|4|lbl=Ⅰ.24v.4}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The During is when both you and your opponent bring forth your strikes at the same time, which is also a part of the expression “Just As”.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/69|5|lbl=Ⅰ.24v.5}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The After is, however, when you withdraw from your opponent as was outlined above, where you cannot accomplish your objective, in that between Before and After a stand off changes and ends, so that soon your opponent and soon again you, become the same. Whichever is in the After, that is striving so that he always must displace, shall think of the words “Just As”, and thereon not forget, that through them the Before will again be achieved, that he then can withdraw without damage, however he who does not pay attention to this, if he too soon undertakes to strive to you, will indeed never learn to fence well.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/69|6|lbl=Ⅰ.24v.6|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/70|1|lbl=Ⅰ.25r.1|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Just As'''</p>

<p>The expression “Just As” has much meaning in that its origin is from the latin word “Intus” and is taken into fencing as such, which is applied in the Winding and similar work, however that this seem not only thus, you must hear what follows.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/70|2|lbl=Ⅰ.25r.2}}
 
|- 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | <p>The expression “Intus” and what it means I will let remain Latin, however the expression “Indes” (Just As) is a good German expression and has in itself an important meaning to handy application, that one always and quickly take care, as in when you at first slash to the left, to then at the same time observe the opening to the right, then thirdly on to make sure that you attain the observed opening, where or with what actions you want to come unto it, that you don’t then make openings for your opponent and take damage. Thus retain the meaning of “Just As” so that you observe sharply, which can be much observing and undertaking, also seek to learn faking to your opponent sufficiently, since he needs to have senses in his part, and similarly what Openings you will bring, and where you will be open. Then in all these things to which the expression “Just As” has meaning, stands the whole art of fencing (as Liechtenauer said) and where you don’t undertake such to carefully and securely drive all strikes, will you advance lightly to your damage, as then all fencers will observe, which one thus overpowers and (as one said) tops out and nullifies as wanted.</p>
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/70|3|lbl=Ⅰ.25r.3}}

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = 9 - A Guide to the Elements
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A Guide to the Elements, how you can and shall be successful from the elements previously clarified.'''</p>

<p>Chapter 9</p>

<p>While up till now all these cited and clarified elements are actually nothing other than a start and elementary part of all Fencing with swords and shall be taken as such, then note how and when I sieze various elements from here before showing with what ease these shall be undertaken. Now you must retain all writings in your thoughts and memory, also know thoroughly what each and every art and distinction is, thus you will come to write a fully correct word, that from here on serviceable and heeded letters will flow orderly one to another from the quill. Thus shall you also retain the previously clarified elements, and that way you realise as often as you come to fence with someone, you will fail with anything other than this, thus success will come from taking note. However, just like every letter cannot be applied to each and every word, thus it is also impossible to undertake all the previously cited elements in every engagement.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/71|1|lbl=Ⅰ.25v.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Therefore you shall pay attention, as the situation requires, to how your opponent poses against you, and also observe the person, if they are quick or slow, large or small, and then know how to apply your work to him and how to oppose him. Just as every full fight, as was indicated above, is divided into three parts, namely the Pre-Fencing, the Middle, and the Withdrawal, these three parts are clarified in due order, and what is advised in every undertaking, thus in the beginning your first need is various strikes through the stances, with which you will best engage and overtake your opponent as intended, and in the first phase when you engage and close to him, or maybe come to be under his sword, then forward you must have still more moves with which to bring the part to its conclusion, which you then learn from the second section of this book, namely the Handwork, that you force ahead to all four openings, and he then cannot come to do damaging work to you, or similarly as when you have made it sufficiently ineffective.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/71|2|lbl=Ⅰ.25v.2|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/72|1|lbl=Ⅰ.26r.1|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>And in order to bring the engagement to its end, you must lastly add more letters to this word, and seek onward to the third section of this book, how the engagement shall be ended, and you withdraw without damage, or your opponent allowed one.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/72|2|lbl=Ⅰ.26r.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Because of this see that you then force the Middle Work, that you first come to withdraw though defense, as then much will be learned in various engagements, or you incite so that he strikes you away and then at the same time you strike over his sword while stepping out, and justifiably want to take and claim your withdrawal. So that with this you will understand it entirely, I will present an entire engagement in all three parts.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/72|3|lbl=Ⅰ.26r.3}}

|- 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | <p>In the pre-fencing come into the right Changer, pay attention that as soon as his sword shows bearing to strike, then before him nimbly strike through above you, and strike with a Traverse from your right at the same time as his, in the strike step on to his left side, if he drives his strike directly at your head, then hit with your Traverse to his left ear, however mark that he doesn’t strike straight to your head by winding his strike with the long edge against your Traverse in the displacement, thus pull the strike with a long Traverse nimbly to his right ear, step just then with your left foot to his right, now you have attacked out of the change with two traverse strikes to each side over against the other. This you take now from the first part to this attack, Forward you will step on to Middle work, then bring yourself to the other part thus, if he slashes from your sword over to the other side, then move after him with a cut against his arm, hit with the strong of your blade, or with your hilt in a jerk away from you, just as he still threatens from the thrust, and still has not yet reached you, then drive to rush out with crossed arms and slash him with the short edge over his right arm to his head; and so that when he reaches you from the thrust, but where he stops you and sweeps away through displacing, then let your sword fly off again, and traverse to his left ear while you step away with your left foot; or where he doesn’t go off or slash around, but stays with the cut or long edge outward, then loop your sword so that your half edge comes at his, ride his sword thus on your right side, but just then let it clip off into the air, so that your hands come together again crosswise high over your head, to then slash him as before, as he reaches from the ride with the short edge over his head, step back following with the left foot, and strike a high traversing middle strike with the long edge from your right to his half, and just as it glides, then pull off to your right with a high strike. Thus you see now how there’s always one part after the other, the application and ordering through must be conceived and executed together, which makes up an entire part of Fencing. Lastly mark here also that the entire engagement can be completed in two or three strikes, where you rush to engage in the first strike, and with the second strike off again and in this strike commit either to the first or last meeting, which needs to be undertaken correctly, or you will lead on there to a third strike. Namely engage with the first, follow after with a second, but when the proper time such must be shown, that you have something worth saying, then mark how one speaks such that you will learn yourself, after which you will learn all other parts in fencing and here on retain your lessons with diligence.</p>
| class="noline" | 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/72|4|lbl=Ⅰ.26r.4|p=1}} {{pagetb|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf|73|lbl=Ⅰ.26v.1|p=1}}

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = 10 - How one shall fence to the four Openings
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C|Incomplete Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword A.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''How one shall fence to the four Openings'''</p>

<p>Chapter 10</p>

<p>While up until now, artful reader, my attentive clarification of all servicable elements of sword fighting, such that each would be seriously raised by diligent practice, will be sufficient guide to understand all parts set after here, therefore I will now go forward to show, in one Stance after another, how one will behave therein and also how all fencing from it shall be. While forward you will come to judge all your strikes and actions from or against Man’s four divisions, following on you must similarly be prepared to address the four openings, necessary to go on to the onset of Fencing from the stances. That I properly report on this part, I will now set out and give the following example:</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/75|1|lbl=Ⅰ.27v.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>In the pre-fencing when you come near to your opponent, then strike out in front of him from your right, through his face one time, twice, thrice, so that in the third strike before him (see that you keep your left foot forward) come into the long point, from there let the forward part of your blade flow off to your left, and just then with your blade level and sinking below you, pull back under it with your grip above you, step and strike first from your right against his left ear, as soon as the strike hits on, then quickly twitch to fly off again, and strike the second from below diagonally against his right arm, however in this strike keep your cross high over your head, and step to him with your left foot a little to his right together with your strike from below, and hit on with this as well, should you nimbly move your sword over you to your right, and thus from your right strike to his lower left opening, as the right is pulled or hit then twitch off again to over your head, and strike the fourth seriously against his right ear, from then traverse over and pull out. The first four Strikes shall be nimble and quick from one opening to another for your steps to be successful.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/75|2|lbl=Ⅰ.27v.2|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/76|1|lbl=Ⅰ.28r.1|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>However while in the onset there are three ways for your Sword or sword’s blade to hit and touch, firstly with the Long edge as was already taught, then with the Short, and lastly with the flat, therefore observe that you can also slash handily to all four openings with the short edge as well as you did before with the long, then still at the last with the flat, and similarly to what was shown before now with the half edge, fly freely from one opening to another, namely with the inward flat to the right, and slash with the outward (that is with reversed or inverted flat to his left).</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/76|2|lbl=Ⅰ.28r.2}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword Segno.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>However if you would become practiced in this, then you shall always change with the first strike, and when you first strike to his upper left opening, and then the second is to his lower right opening, and then further as taught above (as is shown by the outer digits in the printed figure), then you shall again strike first to his lower left, then a second to his upper right, and then further as the second set of digits in the previous figure show. The next strike is first struck to his upper right then to his lower left, then further as shown by the third set. The last strike is first struck to his right, then further as is shown by the inner digits, and first learn this as instructed with the long then with the half edge, then lastly with the flat as judged into the work. When you can do such, then follow ahead to the next part, namely that you must understand the four openings before the strikes just taught can be retained, or onward your sword’s blade will be held off and you will be repulsed with better countering strikes, these are thus the two Main Elements of Fencing, the Origins from which all other elements flow forth, onward follows the third, a large element which is and is named the Practice. One comes to the Practice thus: when you can lead your strikes from the stances to all of Man’s divisions, which in the First part of fencing must be taken in the Before thus into the work, and yet your opponent is the same, and is also nimble in the Second stage of displacing, working off or stopping you and your strikes, so that you cannot reach your chosen destination for your strikes, then we come thus to the Third part which is the Practice, which is the most cunning, and teach it as you did the strikes where you were aware, that while every point can be futile or pointless, twitch off closely and nimbly from there to strike again onward, or feint over to let it go off and then lead on to another opening. When he also displaces himself, then twitch off yourself as well, and thus let fly from one opening to another so long and much as you are able to reach to a hit. However, so that such lessons will be marked and understood , I will demonstrate with a few good examples so that my objective will be simply and distinctly taught, presented, and set out, with which the goodly Reader will sufficiently judge all secondary and ongoing elements, and thus can take understanding from it in the Middle work thus:</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/76|3|lbl=Ⅰ.28r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/77|1|lbl=Ⅰ.28v.1|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>When you have struck as taught above in the Pre-Fencing, and have closed in the strike, then let the first and second hit on hard as above, then don’t let the third hit on, but twitch nimbly then hit off again in a backward flight, so that the fourth can thus hit on quickly.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/77|2|lbl=Ⅰ.28v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Note: hit the first and twitch the second and the third in a quick flight, and let the fourth hit, still likewise launch the first and second bites to the Openings, and indeed twitch them off again and then lead into the next target, in this disengagement you can and also should attack with the first, changing off to things taught before in the numbered lessons, namely that you now twitch and feint from this then to another, and meanwhile still have care and attention where he would engage your own openings, that you then soon be on his sword with a bind, from this twitching now move farther on to Flowing Off and Missing and the like. Thus when you would lead a strike to the man’s now known sections, and yet then take care that he displaces such strikes, then don’t twitch off again, but (in that he is unaware of your observance) then close by the same side miss to let it fully flow off on over and strike nimbly to another opening, being first on the outside right (what you led with). Example:</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/77|3|lbl=Ⅰ.28v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/78|1|lbl=Ⅰ.29r.1|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>As you have rebounded through the out stretching to the strikes as was taught above, then step and strike high from your right against his left ear, as soon as he clears this, nimbly let your blade sink below you with the half edge near your left side, and then pull your pommel and grip above you, and nimbly strike to his right ear with the short edge, so that your hands become crossed in this strike.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/78|2|lbl=Ⅰ.29r.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Note: let the first hit hard against his left ear, nimbly let the second flow off missing near his right as instructed before, and hit deep to his left ear, thus onto it nimbly (whereas you hit the first hard unto him) as well, letting it flow off to both sides, and still attack on to the next target as it opens, all these diagonally and with crossed arms as was taught, also against each other single and double, judged in the work against your need and opportunity. Then farther, as was taught, drive the blade in the full work first with the long edge then with the short, and also with the flat, against his sides in full flight to the high and low openings.</p>
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| 
| <p>In the first attack strike a long downstrike to his left ear, just as he glides then twitch both hands above you, so that your pommel will be under your right arm as you thrust through to him above you, and strike handily from below with the long edge to his left, just then step to him with your left foot behind your right and come through this strike to bring your grip high over your head. Onward again first strike an understrike with the long edge to his low opening while advancing your right foot, twitch handily near your right above you again, and strike the second from above also to his left while backstepping with your left behind your right as before, from which you will stand guarded behind your blade.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/79|2|lbl=Ⅰ.29v.2}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword C.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>Note: twitch with a high strike from the right with the half edge to his left, but in the air cross over your hands and slash with the half edge to his left ear, as is shown by the top two figures in illustration C, twitch your hands again thus crosswise over you, and slash again with a traverse from below to his left ear, then again onward strike the traverse from below to his left with an advance step, twitch nimbly near your left above you, and thrust through in this off-twitch with your pommel under your right arm, and quickly again with crossed arms from your high right into his left, in this way slash with the flat below and above on the one side, that goes to both sides, and mark when you will slash to the lower right opening, which will be with the flat, long or short, then your hands will cross, but when you slash to his hight righ opening, then your hands will not always be crossed, from here mark the following example:</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>Thus in advancing shoot through before him and slash with the half edge from your left to his right ear, without crossing your hands, but with your pommel staying out toward your left, twitch nimbly overhead to your right, and crossing your hands over in the air, slash with crossed hands to his lower right opening from your left, in all moves keep your pommel full behind your blade, stepping double steps out to your right, thus you can both slash with the flech and with the long edge, from below and above, near your right, as I taught you before, that you shall twitch and turn the strikes from one opening to another, thus you shall twitch and address both high and low openings on one side. Basically, when you drive a strike to his high openings, and notice that he does not strike, but your sword drives on to engage, see that you then not let your strike hit on, but lead your strike to his low opening, but where he does get under the strike, then drive your strike ahead against the strong of his blade. From this work grows winding at the Sword, namely when you have bound onto his sword from your right against his left, then stay stay hard on his blade, thrust your pommel through under your right arm unseen to him, stay thus forward on his sword, and then pull your pommel out again and wind your short edge out to his head. Thus you again find three edges and the flat, namely the outward and inward long edge, also the outward and inward short edge, and similarly the inward and outward flat, all on both sides.</p>
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|- 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | <p>Thus you understand that the third part of fencing is nothing other than the right Practice, as was reported above, the first two Lead parts in fencing, which will be taught though Practice, where you change at every opportunity, namely in the first Lead Part with the stances and strikes, flowing off, changing through, flying off, and letting miss. That such strikes can be trapped with displacement and clearing, likewise in the second Lead Part, displacement, teach the Practice of how you displace, follow after him, cut, punch, etc. Therewith you will end the strikes that he sends to you, or at the least prevent them from reaching their intended destination. And that is the sum of all Practice, namely that you firstly engage your opposing fencer through the stances, with manly strikes and without damage to your target, by showing cunning and agile misleading as can be shown, and after you then engage him to break through with the obligatory or similar handwork, from which you either securely withdraw at your pleasure, or where he must retreat from you and you follow ahead after him. Since going forward such Practice will be needed and extended in many arts to be the same both in name and in fencing, as you found fully described before here in the handwork chapter, I will now drive further to describe fencing from the stances.</p>
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{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = 11 - Fencing from the Stances
 | width = 90em
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{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|start|Incomplete Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Fencing from the Stances'''</p>

<p>Chapter 11</p>

<p>Since much now concerns the Stances, I will thus not keep you long in each for the same reason they were given still only half composed, but going onward, since you will need to know, when you present your sword and (while you are twitching off the guard he aimed to you) you would strike, as soon as you come out from the farthest point (where you have begun to pull back your sword), then from here on you should lead your sword against him again with agility, like how it will be handled from the Guard of the Roof, the Guard through which you bring about the Downstrike. Thus when you move to the Downstrike (to do such) you will then in the outermost point of this move come to be in the guard named Roof, you can now not only (just as you seek to strike) strike then and thus drive ahead with your Downstrike, but can also persist to stay. This is the reason, namely just that you not yet undertake any strike unplanned, but even as soon you have allowed the same considered strike to be drawn against them, you should now lead the strike on from even from here so that as you stay for only an eyeblink at the obvious outermost point, so consider ahead if your chosen strike can either still be led usably to fulfillment, or if through it you can attain a better opportunity applicable elsewhere, where you thus change to a second strike accordingly at the outermost point and thus conclude the Downstrike which you have drawn out with a Traverse. This is the underlying reason for the development of the Stances and is why you stay while in one Guard: to see what the other will take ahead (and then rightly know how to overtake his chosen part) and prevent such just by being certain to see here what his chosen part will be, and such waiting is a great art and experience. Because you now need to know onward how to engage your opponent’s oncoming strikes from the Roof with your Sword, I have set the following examples both of when he would strike, or stay and not strike.</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>'''The First Part'''</p>

<p>And firstly when you come before your opponent and, while striking out or otherwise pulling your sword back (to downstrike) to bring it high above you, he strikes just then to your left at your head, then burst full away from his strike against his left and somewhat toward him, and strike with an outward flat against his incoming strike to meet his sword strongly on the strong so that the forward part of your blade will swing inward over his sword to his head, which is then certainly hit. When you slash at the same time as him and your sword comes to be over his, to hit or not on his strike, then twitch your sword off over yourself again, and strike diagonally upward from below to his right arm, in this strike step out with your left foot full against his right side and arc yourself with your head fully behind your sword’s blade, from there nimbly twitch again upward and flit the short edge to his left ear, if you see that he will wipe against this, then don’t let the impact fail or flow off, but soon cross your hands in the air (the right over the left) and slash him with the short edge deep to his right ear and then traverse over and pull out. Mark here when he would nimbly follow after the Understrike just taught and thus would be hard onto the roof so that you can’t come to flow off, then pay attention just then if he would twitch off from your sword, then follow after him with a cut to the arm.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/83|1|lbl=Ⅰ.31v.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The Second Part'''</p>

<p>However if he strikes at your left from below, then step quickly out to his left and strike with the long edge onto the strong of his sword, as soon as your sword moves or glides on his, twitch your sword high above yourself again and slash down with the short edge quickly and deeply to his left ear while stepping forward out to his left, he will then want to rush to displace and then drive above against it, so then strike nimbly with the long edge over again to his right ear and in this slashover step full against his right like before, yet stay with the cross high over your head, and mark as soon as he slashes over then fall further with a cut to his arm, if he is not hurt by this but would evade your work, then follow after him (staying on his arm), and when he makes the smallest extraction, then let fly to another opening and strike him away from you.</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>'''The Third Part'''</p>

<p>However, if he strikes to your right as you come to be in the High Guard, then step nimbly with your left foot to his right out of his strike, and at the same time fall from above with the long edge onto the strong of his sword and, just as you fall on his sword, thrust your pommel under your right arm, so that you slash at his head with crossed hands fully over or near his sword, if he drives above against your right then let the half edge nearly flow off and step under it full out to his left side, and strike with the long edge directly to his head from above, but twitch nimbly upward again and slash with a traverse from below to his left ear with an off set with your left foot, and then strike him away from you.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/84|2|lbl=Ⅰ.32r.2}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword G.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''The Fourth Part'''</p>

<p>Mark in Pre-Fencing when you have come to hold your sword high above in the guard of the Roof to beware that he not then rush to strike, so that you can stay in the Before, cross your hands over your head, (the right over the left) so that it appears as if you would stab to his face, step under this toward him with your right foot and twitch your sword then to your left over your head and strike him thus with the short edge through a crafty traverse from your right to his left ear, twitch nimbly back off again and drive against his lower right opening with a long traverse, let it not stay but twitch above you again in the same flight and let the third flow off deep to his left ear with the short edge, and slash the short edge again with crossed hands into to his right ear, as soon as this hits, step back with the left foot and strike with the long edge from below to his left arm to be as shown by the figure fighting against the right in the left background of illustration G above, mark here when you step off in this Understrike if he would strike to your lower left opening, then step to him with your left foot and fall with crossed hands and the short edge onto his sword, strike him thus an Understrike as shown in the other figure fighting against the right in the just considered picture. Now mark further just as he then pulls his sword over himself again, then pull your sword with crossed hands full to your left and, just as he slashes again, take his oncoming strike from your left against his right with your outward flat, high traverse out strongly so that your sword flies overhead in full flight and your hands cross over each other in the air while your sword flies, then step full against his right, but still keep your hands high and let the half edge flow off in a twitch near his right ear (as this hits or grazes), and just then strike long with an off step. I have described this part in particular as still many good moves can be taken and be fought from here, therefore you should learn not just this alone, but think forward with diligence. Thus I will describe yet another part with a different start.</p>
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| 
| <p>'''A Second'''</p>

<p>In the pre-fencing when you come into the Roof or High Guard, then let your blade sink down in front of you, as before, to your left side, and twitch over your head, step and strike a high traversing Middle Strike with the long edge against his left to his neck or throat, as soon as he withdraws, then twitch again over the head, and strike a second high Middle Strike traversing from your left against his right, again at his throat, as soon as it glides then strike the third, a high strike with the long edge direct from above. These three strikes shall go from one to another in a nimble flight. If you want more room then raise your pommel above to your left side, twitch thus overhead, and take your flat or short edge near your left from below through to his right against your right in a wrench out above him, so that your blade again flies over in the air, and strike with the half edge from above down with crossed hands feinting over near his right ear, you can reach further with the short edge by stepping ahead, thus let it engage and strike a strong wrath strike to his left side and following strike away from him. This is indeed a serious and strong sequence in that, since you have the Before, he can only defend.</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>'''Breaking the Roof Stance or Guard'''</p>

<p>If you are aware that after striking outward one can, in a little flight up over the head, stay in the Guard of the Roof, then come in the pre-fencing into the Guard of the Key, from there raise both hands thus crosswise over your head, and at the same time step to him with your right foot, and while stepping strike with the short edge near your right thigh strongly from below through your opponent’s Vertex line up above you, so that the sword is above your head, flying off with an upstrike from your left to your right, keep your hands high in the displacement, just as it connects then step nimbly with your right foot to his left and strike with the short edge in a swing to his left ear. From there upstrike twice with a walk, follow the slash with a traverse to his right ear, and just then step at the same time with your right foot backward to your left, thus the Traverse goes deeper. When this happens you can strike as soon as he does.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/87|2|lbl=Ⅰ.33v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Or if he comes ahead to you going high, then pay attention then if he will go to the low guard, then follow him nimbly with two strong understrikes from both sides out of whatever guard or stance suits you, just as long as you strike nimbly from below. One to the other with the half edge in a nimble walk from both sides deep to the head, after this bind nimbly into his blade, if he goes off then follow after. If he stays then wind, wrench out and make your work onward to the next.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/87|3|lbl=Ⅰ.33v.3}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword E.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Wrath Guard'''</p>

<p>When at the onset you come into the Wrath Guard, then step as soon as you can reach him and strike a quick Wrath Strike, which he must defend from, to his left ear. Nimbly follow the strike over with an Under Strike against his lower right opening, thus you have now attacked. Under this as and when he is reached for work and the arms show he will strike, then fall low with your sword onto his arm and behind his charge so that he can not come to work, as he will then not be able to rightly defend from this, then thrust to him with an incomplete shove from yourself, that he likewise shows that he would fall, and meanwhile slash to the next opening that you know you have, but if he reaches this and strikes you off, then be there again with the cut or displacement, and fall against his strike on the blade, if he goes off the blade again, then cut him on the arm again, but if he stays on your sword then thrust his sword aside with your hilt and nimbly let your sword fly again to the next opening and swing to him after your need. Thus now you shall fight with all elements of the sword to the body, and from the body to the sword, but where he would twitch or flow off from you, then always use the cut for help, and where you can’t cut, then there can be no useful fencing, but where you can do it rightly, then swing to him as you will. He who can break the cut himself, you will find less, but he who cannot rightly lead the cut will soon be broken.</p>
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|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword F.jpg|center|400px]]
| rowspan="2" | <p>If you stand in the right Wrath stance and your opponent strikes from his right to your left, then with a step of your right foot drive with displacement under his blade and over your head, and catch his strike on your flat with your thumb underneath, and the blade hanging below you somewhat to the ground, but as soon as in glides then step with the left foot to his right side, and wind the short edge under his sword inward to his head, as shown by the small middle figures in illustration L. When you have wound, then hold your sword with the short edge on his, and wrench the sword out following against your right above you, as shown by the small middle figures in illustration F, thus that your hands complete the wrench high in the air and crossed over, and slash in (keeping your hands high) with an inwinding flat to his lower right opening, as soon as he swipes against it in displacement, then don’t pull but twitch high again and strike a glide strike to his left ear, but in this strike let the blade swing in deep over your hands and fence quickly away from him.</p>
| rowspan="2" | 
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword F.jpg|center|400px]]

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword A.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>If your counterpart strikes to you from above, then step and strike to him from your right with a high traversing Middle Strike, thus also through and away from his long edge strike in flight so that your blade flies over with the half edge against his left ear but, as soon as you near it, flow off and twitch over your head from your right to your left, step and slash him with an inverted flat from your left to his right ear, high traversing through the middle line shown on the larger figure on the right of illustration A.</p>
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| 
| <p>If it happens that he would not strike, then place yourself into the right Wrath stance and drive over your forward thigh thus: Stay standing with your left foot planted and strike seriously from your right over your left leg into the left Changer, from there travel over yourself again with the short edge through the strike line which you just travelled through from above so that your sword comes to your right shoulder again. Do this then once or thrice and, at the last when you see your opportunity, then drive the short edge in a move from your left above in the air over yourself and let it snap over thus into an upstrike to his lower right opening with your third step, and as this is then pulled right, then slash a deep one again with the short edge over your hand to his left ear, in this let your pommel snap full upward, thus letting it go deeper, then twitch over again and drive a strike to his lower right opening with two forward steps, and then as such is pulled right, then slash again over your hand with the short edge to his left ear, in this let your pommel snap upward thus making it go deeper, twitch over again and drive a strike to his right, yet still soon traverse again to his left with a back step and then pull out.</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>In the pre-fencing strike into the the right Wrath and, as soon as your opponent goes off, then raise your hands high over your head and let your point shoot forward toward his face as if you would stab, but twitch off again and slash with inverted hands or reversed flat from your lower right out to his left ear or arm together with a retreating step. If he then strikes from above at the same time as you, then nimbly twitch over after the swords meet and slash diagonally deep to his upper right opening with an inward flat so that your hands become crossed, yet then pull out to yourself again as if you would strike to his left but don’t, rather twitch off again without engaging and strike thus with the short edge in a circle to his right ear so that the short edge grazes his ear. During this keep your hands high above you and step around with the circle then step back and strike a direct vertex strike to his head, then twitch nimbly upward again with a high traversing cross. That is, come over your head into the Crown, from there traverse to both sides, the first on the right with the long edge, the other to the left with the short edge, keeping your thumb always under the ricasso, and pull off.</p>
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| 
| <p>'''Rule'''</p>

<p>When you stand in the Right or Left Wrath, and one strikes to you from below committing to your right or left opening, then strike high outward with the long edge and, just as it engages, then shoot the point on his sword inward to his face, just then drive off with your hands and work to the next opening with elements of going before or after.</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>'''Left Wrath Stance'''</p>

<p>When at the onset you come into the Left Wrath stance, then drive over the right thigh, as above with the left, one strike, two, three, yet then step and strike from your low left out strongly through your right upward, so that your sword flies over in the air in an upstrike toward your right, then twitch over your head and strike a strong traverse to his left ear, onward quickly crosswise and high traverse to all four openings: to his left over the hand, be it high or low, that is reversed or inverted with the hand, and on his right with an inward flat, that is under the hand.</p>
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| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword Cuts.jpg|center]]
| <p>'''With the Ox'''</p>

<p>I hope you have taken and judged how you will apply your strikes and elements against your opponent’s four openings with sufficient guidance from the parts taught up to now, also how at times how you should apply a wind, cut, note the flowing off, circle, and flying off with stepping, which are not counted alone as such from this, indeed pre-fencing from all other stances shall also be understood. So now, because the Ox is an especially good stance to engage your opponent, I will give a short lesson and rules on how you shall engage your opponent in the Before, rush, and force displacement from it.</p>
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|- 
| <p>And mark now the first, that you have four available attacks from either side, driven forth through the four leading lines as was explained and made apparent in the initial chapter, the lines being the correct paths for all strikes which would be driven and struck from you to your opponent.</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>The first of two is when you approach against your opponent with the Plunge Strike, which plunges as you hold your point toward him, and hold it steady (as was taught above) so that your thrust is obviously indicated, from which as soon as you can reach your opponent to attack, be it from below or above, wrathful or high traverse, as is shown through the lines, you will now attack through them from one side striking either high traverse or diagonally against him, be it with long or short edge or with the flat. This you bring on forcefully and nimbly Before him, and must force unto him so that he can not come to other work without your leave, then if he would soon try to work against you, then you will already be at his throat with travelling after, cuts, hits, and similar work following, with which you let no work be accomplished, thus now from this lesson’s elementary basis, an example of how to judge this in both attacking and travelling after will be given:</p>
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|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword K.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>In the pre-fencing when you have come into the guard of the Ox through a plunge, then strike (as soon as you can reach him) a serious and forceful Wrath Strike from your right to his left ear with a long right foot step, as soon as the strike touches or hits, then almost twitch off again and strike over against his left arm, also with the long edge, but with this strike step with your left foot to his right and take your head out to the side behind your blade, just then he may be ready either to strike or otherwise with his sword stretched out ahead to displace, so at first let your blade hang behind you from your right arm, and meanwhile twitch your grip over your head to your right and take his blade (he is stretched out from striking or displacing) with your long edge or flat and strongly and forcefully high traverse out from your right to his left so that you break out fully with your blade, and in this outward stride let your blade fly above again in a traverse over your head against his left ear, from there twitch your sword over your head again and strike a strong strike swinging in to his right ear with the flat outward, in a flat strike as shown by the larger figure on the right hand side of illustration K, also mark diligently that you step fully out with the left foot to his right side in this strike, from this flatstrike or Bounce Strike twitch your sword high over your head, keeping your hands high, and let the blade fly over with the long edge to his right arm, and yet don’t impact, but traverse nimbly to his left ear while stepping back with the right foot, and sign off. This play, when you have arranged it thus, gives you thus the cut held (as taught above) in reserve, with which you can make more room, either in fencing the full play, or onward in taking another part.</p>
| 
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| 
| <p>Note that in the onset when you can reach your opponent from the Ox, as was just taught, then twitch your sword over your head and slash a strong and well aimed high traverse from your right with the flat outward to his left ear, yet from there twitch over your head and slash with an outward flat from the other side, also high traversing here. After these two strikes fence to what you think is a good opportunity. Thus you can always attack crosswise and against each other, which also leads out of fencing.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/93|2|lbl=Ⅰ.36v.2}}

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| 
| <p>At times you can also, as opportunity allows, attack seriously from one side high traversing to the other, and this on one side somewhat with the long edge, on the other with the short edge or flat. At the last thus also mark where one would be rushed in this guard, so that you cannot bring any element into the before, then shoot forward just then into his face with a step forward in the long point, and in this shooting forward turn the long edge against his oncoming strike and, as soon as you engage, wind on his sword to the next opening.</p>
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|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword C.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Unicorn'''</p>

<p>Note, come into the pre-fencing with your left foot forward and strike upward from your right with the short edge, one time, twice, through in front of your face, and the third time stay in the long point with your sword thus stretched out in front of you, turn the long edge above you toward your right so that your pommel goes through under your right arm and your hands cross over one another, drive thus upward with crossed hands, thus you stand in the Unicorn, as was told of before, from then strike ahead (seeing that your left foot stays forward) with two consecutive upstrikes, the first from your right, the other from your left, both hard upward near his body so that in the second upstrike your hands cross over again as before. Drive thus nimbly upward flying off again into the Unicorn, raise your left foot somewhat up, then soon set it quickly down again, with such faking and displays you pull him in so that he then strikes to your left opening, yet just as he strikes then let your blade sink down in front of you, and then twitch your sword over your head, strike thus with the long edge high traversing from your right (with an advancing step of the same foot) against his oncoming strike, such that you catch his strike in the high traverse on the strong of your sword, as soon as the swords glide together, then burst with your right foot still forward against his left side, and raise your sword above you rushing a bit from his blade. Yet while you (as was told) drive a bit above you, then thrust your pommel through under your right arm so that your hands become crossed, quickly and nimbly with an inward flat oe short edge (with the next intended step out to his left) behind his sword to his head, as the small figures on the left side of illustration C show, you thus expose your left opening, he will rush to do the same, thus do no more then pull your pommel out from under your right arm again, and wind your sword into the long point so that your long edge turns to stand against his blade, thus you stand in direct displacement, as is shown by the other smaller figures in the same illustration,</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/95|1|lbl=Ⅰ.37v.1}}

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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>or when you have crossed the half edge inward toward his head with crossed hands, so that you have given an opening on your left side, if he rushes (as described before) to fence the same way, then keep your hands crossed, pull your head full to the right, and shoot to him with your blade fully over his, the closer to his hilt the better, thus wrench his blade out to your left, as is shown by the small figures on the right hand side of illustration D, and, when this wrench out comes near your left side, drive out with your hands and slash over them with the hald edge deep to his left ear, after which you come nimbly with your long edge onto his sword after pulling out at your pleasure.</p>
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>Or when you thus come to be in the Unicorn in front of your opponent, then mark Just As he strikes from above to let your blade drive over your head and bind on his sword from your right high traversing to your left and, as soon as he goes off above from this, then let your blade snap over again so that your right hand comes over your left and fall forward to his arms with the short edge and crossed hands while he is still driving off, as is shown by the outermost figures on the right hand of illustration I, then thrust away forcefully out from your left side with your hilt and strike nimbly when he shows his next opening, or follow after him until you can have your advantage.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/96|2|lbl=Ⅰ.38r.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Note when you have flown out to both sides and come into the Unicorn above you, if your opponent then strikes from his right to the left of your head, then step with your right foot toward his left well away from his strike, and then drop onto the strong of his sword (such that your hands stay crosswise) with the short edge above. This requires an offstep every time which shall be completed at the same time as his oncoming strike, and just as the swords glide together in this way, just then let the short edge snap off again up from his sword, and hit him with it over his hands to his head, after this strike with the long edge and an outstep. From this Unicorn you can also fence and attack rightly and well with the understrike and the thwart, as many good plays shall also go onward similarly when you consider it afterward.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/96|3|lbl=Ⅰ.38r.3|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Key'''</p>

<p>This guard is named the Key since all other elements and stances can be broken from this stance just as well as that which can happen from others where you will actually need more force to do so than in this one, and since a key is a small instrument which, without particular effort or force, can enter a big strong castle where otherwise a man must use great force, thus from this weak stance (as it may seem) all other elements will be broken artfully and delicately without special effort, and basically that’s the story. In the pre-fencing put yourself in this guard and, even as how to fence in such forms as the Unicorn was told before, it stands against your opponent’s guards, left or right, high or low, thus stab to him from the Key before yourself directly to his face into the Long Point, the stab of which he (if he doesn’t want to be hit) must defend from. On whichever side he then hits out from, then let your blade then swipe away with intent as he hits out to it, drive over your head and strike him to the same side that he struck out from, if he swipes after it, then don’t let it hit, but let it fly off to another opening, and strike away from him as he seeks for another opening.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/97|1|lbl=Ⅰ.38v.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Don’t go to other stances with your opponent, but force them out from you by striking, if he strikes just then from above or from below, from the right or from the left, then mark just as he strikes in, then shoot your Long Point in front of you into his face, and at the same time as shooting forward twist your long edge against his oncoming strike, when you have caught his strike on the strong of your long edge, then stay hard on his blade and wind in nimbly outward to his head, but if he goes nimbly off from your sword striking to the other side, then strike or rush him (while his sword is still driving out) to his head or arms, hurry soon after this to bind again on his sword and think of travelling after, slices, wrenches out, and misleading.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/97|2|lbl=Ⅰ.38v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Basically from this forward Guard you fence elements in the Before and shall attack through it, thus you can take off to the elements to which one breaks the High Guard acting from this Key.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/97|3|lbl=Ⅰ.38v.3}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword F.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Hanging Point'''</p>

<p>In the pre-fencing strike forcefully from your left above you through toward his face in a sweep, once, twice, and the third time don’t let your sword swing out before your face but twist it into the Hanging Point, as shown on the right hand side of figure F and as taught before, and do this a number of times until you see your opportunity to attack with an element, but if your opponent strikes to you during this (while you stand thus in the Hanging Point) from above, or high traverse, or from below to your fingers, or against your head on the left, then step soon out to your left with the left foot behind the right, and twitch at the same time as he strikes, your sword thus hangs from above you against your right shoulder, from here step and strike at the same time as him left to his head, pull the pommel hard to your inward arm in this strike onto the flat, then swing your blade on forcefully to his head. hold your pommel thus hard on your arm and wrench thus out above you with outstretched blade to your left, let this wrench thus fly over your head and traverse strike strong to his left.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/99|1|lbl=Ⅰ.39v.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>But if he strikes to your right side from above, then catch his strike on your blade’s flat and step out to his right, or stay with your blade (just as the blades have struck together) on the side and wind the short edge inwards to his head, twist nimbly with the sword into the Long Point from the wind, such that you smite his after work away from you, but if he fences in to you from below your blade to your right ear, away from what happens, then twist yet again into the long point with the long edge below, thus setting aside his blade, yet while you displace at the same time also step nimbly with the left foot to his right and thrust your pommel (just as the parry is about to engage) through under your right arm, thus raise your sword high with crossed hands, and hit again nimbly upward with the half edge to his right ear, if he displaces this then let the blade flow off near your right, and step back again with your left foot and meanwhile with your back step strike a forceful middle strike, traverse over to his left ear or arm, then pull out. What would be fenced further is easily taken onward from here.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/99|2|lbl=Ⅰ.39v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Iron Door'''</p>

<p>This Iron Door is actually (as said above) the Barrier Guard, from which you fence thus: if he strikes one from above, then drive thus out with crossed hands and catch his strike on the strong of your blade, just as he then takes his sword off your blade from this strike, then strike him (while his arms pull over himself) with a forceful upstrike to his arms, as soon as he tries to clear off then fence to his head.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/100|1|lbl=Ⅰ.40r.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Note, displace his high strike as before, and just as the swords glide together then wind the short edge nimbly inward to his right ear, then wind again to his left side nimbly over him with your pommel through below, and with a back step strike long to the left of his head. However where he would fence to you from below, then fall from above with the long edge onto his sword into the Long Point. The Iron Door or Barrier Guard breaks out the Key, namely stab toward his face forcing him above himself, and then fence after him (just as he drives overhead) from below.</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>'''Close Guard'''</p>

<p>From the Close Guard you will fence into the Arc Strike; as you have been struck to an opening when you hold yourself in the right Close Guard, then step springing with your right foot to his left well away from his strike, and strike with crossed hands above and behind his blade to his head, twitch nimbly (where you don’t want to wrench out to your left) above him with crossed hands and hit strongly with the outward flat from below to his left ear; however where he won’t strike, then fence such as you will learn from the Middle Guard following this.</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>'''Middle Guard'''</p>

<p>You will learn of the Middle Guard later with the Dusack, whereas that will be done with one hand, here you shall place yourself in it with two hands. Then even if in the beginning I was not well disposed to set this here, I can indeed (since from nothing else can the Ward of the Roses be taught onward) otherwise not go forward, then mark when one comes ahead to you so that his sword is stretched out before him in the long point or else driving in direct displacement, then drive with your blade around in a circle from the middle guard right over around his, so that you come right back to the same middle guard with your blade, from there swing the weak forcefully out to him over his arm to his head, or as he then (just as you would would drive over his blade through the roses) meanwhile would fall from above down to your opening, then take his blade outward with the half edge, namely on the second time you come to be in the middle guard, then as quickly as he has not yet come to reach your opening, you come around just then with the Roses, with which you have enough time to come to the described out, after this you still take him outward, then let flow over in a curve in the air over your head (by which you mislead him) through a circle to the next opening.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/101|1|lbl=Ⅰ.40v.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Or as you have struck to the left into the Middle Guard in pre-fencing, and your counterpart strikes below this to you from above, then step well out from his strike to his right side, and throw your short edge above or outside his right arm to his head, and in this throw in let your blade shoot well in, either to his head or above both his arms, then nimbly twitch your sword upward again and strike him strongly with the long edge from your left above to his right arm, from there fence to him onward as with previous and following elements at your pleasure, and meanwhile since the Roses can also be fenced rightly from the Long Point, just as I set forth the previous element, I will describe it with the Long Point as well thus:</p>
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{{master subsection end}}

<p style="width:100%; margin-left: 2em;">The long sword material in the [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund manuscript]] closely mirrors the "Third Part" of Meyer's ''[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens]]'', so they are both included in the compilation below. Though the current translation is based on the Lund, in the future we will expand it with a full translation of both, footnoting the differences.</p>

{{master subsection begin
 | title = Third Part/Lund
 | width = 120em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|B|Complete Translation (from the Lund)}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Sword Fencing'''</p>

<p>Firstly will each one of the actions in Fencing be divided into three parts which are particularly good to note. In the Sword this is namely attacking, followed by the withdrawal or other than to the first to reach it, send your attacks through the Guards and Hew like they follow afterwards here, however to the other parts and the middle work, this will be reprinted with the handworks, and a mixture of convenient cuts. Onwards to the last, or the withdrawal, how orderly each one will hereafter be diligently written and taught.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Secondly one should note the Vor and Nach (Before and After), Weak and Strong. The Before is when you drive with your Stücken so that he cannot come to his senses, especially by positioning yourself close, and how he defends before your Stücken and these same would like to break and bar, with this, he runs off the Vor to you.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>The after is, when you have been rushed upon by your opponent how it is reported next and above. Thus you should respond Indes quickly with convenient work, with this, you are strongest on his Stücken, when you lay on with your work in the Vor, and in this you are crowded so that you must displace him after, thus is a constant changing with the Vor and Nach, now you have it, then he does, But he who does not pay attention to it, he will nonetheless never learn to fence.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Divisions of the sword to the Weak and Strong'''</p>

<p>The Sword is firstly divided in two parts, namely from the grip to the middle of the Blade which is known as the Strong, from the middle to the most forward, is the Weak furthermore is the sword divided in four parts how the figure below this shows.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>With the inward part, that is the haft, and [with it] the work with the pommel and cross and haft will be understood, in the next part, thereafter will the work with cutting and pushing and what belongs to the Strong be understood, to the third part of the sword should be noted the alterable work of the Weak and Strong after opportunity and liking. Which alone is extremely weak for you to work properly to the Openings.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 06v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Hard and Soft'''</p>

<p>Thus you shall mark in the binding of the swords, as you shall feel if he has become hard or soft in the bind, with the cut.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| <p>Item If he is yet again, strong or weak, and is usually more watchful of the weak binding before the strong, how hereafter in the fencing it can be seen. With this however the Sword fencing and the following written stuck is more understandable thus as I explain my Zedel according to the rules, as I want the words to have understanding so I have named the order; the Beginning, Middle and End.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Follow the Sword Zedel'''</p>

<p>'''The Four Main guards'''</p>

<p>From the Roof, Fool, Ox, Plow</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The Eight Secondary Guards'''</p>

<p>Long-point, Iron-door, Hanging Point, Speak-window, Key, Side Guard, Barrier Guard, Wrath Guard</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The Five Master-Cuts'''</p>

<p>Wrath Cut, Crooked cut, Thwart Cut, Squinter cut, Scalper</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The Six Covert Cuts'''</p>

<p>Blinding cut, Bouncing cut, Short cut, Knuckle cut, Clashing cut, Wind cut</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Handworks in the Sword'''</p>

<p>Bind On, Remain, Cut, Strike Around, Travel After, Snap Around, Run Off, Doubling, Leading, Flying, Feeling, Circle, Looping, Winding, Winding Through, Reverse, Change Through, Run over, Set Off, Cut Off, Pull, Hand Press, Displace, Hanging, Blocking, Barring, Travel out, Grab over, Weak pushing</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''From the Four Openings and Divisions'''</p>

<p>Firstly will the opponent be divided in two sections, namely left and Right, how the Lines in the figure above is shown, thereafter in two more divisions namely under and over, the above two openings would be the Ox, to divide the under two, the Plow.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Whose use should one should thus firstly note, in which division he leads his sword under or above, to the right or the Left/ when you have seen that, thus attack against him at once from above, it is about the location, otherwise, take a general example of this:</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>In Zufechten, thus both of you have come together, and you see that he leads his sword to his right in the high opening, in Ox or Wrath-guard, thus attack in to his lower left opening, if not, then it is much more important that you provoke him to meet you. As soon as this clashes, or will, thus pull around your head and strike him high to the opening from which he came. This is namely to his right ear, with the half edge and crossed hands. This is the correct Squinter cut.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another'''</p>

<p>Thus when one holds his Sword to the left in Zufechten, then go through before him from your right and hew with strength to his right, as soon as he swipes after to the strike thus pull a looping to the left opening, if he swipes after this, however, thus allow it to fly around again, thus drive each opening to the other, crosswise and against one another after your opportunity.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>It is every fencer's [desire] that he quickly knows from all strikes, to which opening the cut is coming, Indes quickly there and follow after, if I however can decide, then I want to instruct about the displacing upwards in hanging.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>It is stated in the ancient Verses, who often displaces, will often be injured.</p>
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| <p>'''Item''' Liechtenauer said in his secret verses, that displacing hurts you, if you wish it on yourself, therefore shall every fencer know that he is to be the first with attacking and following, then to every fencer that is known to watch and wait on another, from this he shall come to no harm, or at the least, if he does not fight much.</p>
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| <p>A proper fencer, who does not displace much, will have the greatest advantage. Thus, when he strikes you also strike, when he thrusts you also thrust, when he steps you also step. Where two equal strikes come together, thus they bring you to displacing, when however one will cut from above, and then next he goes against with a Thwart, thus he sets off, and steps with one another, thus simultaneously should one have a step out, with the same cut and therein with advantage also pay attention to his openings. Thus should every fencer know that he is soon attentive how it is also shown above, that where two good fencers have come together, which I have attentively married together in the illustrations.</p>
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| <p>Thus have I put forth a short and summary knowledge of sword-fighting and all noteworthy devices and also the translations of which the divisions that are obscured, are clarified in measure and thereafter it enters and then next goes in three divisions, namely how it was previously reported, Onset or Attacking, Pressing After or the middle work, the last is to Withdraw or end and therefore so that one may better understand I will shortly reiterate.</p>
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| <p>Thus, to the attacks have I put forth the Guards in which one should not delay, or wait in them, but rather as a result must your necessary courage with whose reported cuts, go once or twice to your opportunity, so that he must then engage and that the Vor has escaped Him, thus to another opening should one work after with various offensive handworks, beholding with the Vor, as such handworks are stated above as a three in one handwork, thus to crowd and close so that one may come to the withdraw without shame.</p>
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| <p>'''Of this, I will give an example'''</p>

<p>If one fights against you in the Guard of the Roof, thus you come in Zufechten into the Side Guard, you must above all not wait in that long, then when he bears witness to the strike and as soon as he brings his sword into the air, thus lay on against him with a Thwart strike, instantly as it clashes, thus cut quickly again around with the long Thwart, to the other side of his sword, that is now attacking, if he strikes around, thus you cut after, if he displaces, then deceive him with the weak, so that you cut him in the after.</p>
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| <p>If he is hard thus you are soft<br/>If he cuts, so you counter,<br/>If he displaces, then you cut</p>

<p>Thirdly; also have instant attention for your opportunity to Withdraw.</p>
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| <p>See that you are the first on the field;<br/>Before your opponent adopts a posture, lay on against him.</p>

<p>Thus note that when you wish to fight with someone, then see that you are the first to be in place so that you can act in a timely manner in your intended Stück, then you shall forcefully continue against him with cuts that he cannot send himself into a guard or Stück But rather you shall show that you will rush over him with sudden stepping before he realizes it. How it is then further clarified by the following Rhyme.</p>
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| <p>Pay heed to Instantly, understand me rightly,<br/>Hit him before he adopts his posture.</p>

<p>This is when you are in the Zufechten and he is just about to you, then note when he acts as if he will adopt a posture, then do not allow him to rest or come to it, but rather always attack first, and as he is choosing a posture, lay on at once to the next opening, and position yourself as if you would to cut strongly, but do not do this, rather allow it to fail or flit to another opening, then as soon as you are at the midway part of your sword on his Sword, do not await, but rather, Thwart, Strike Around, Wrench Out, Slice, Wind, and what other types of work there may be.</p>
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword G.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>For you no guard will come so good<br/>In the after you strike out freely, boldly</p>

<p>But it makes you wonder, as such, how can there be still many good Guards, and hence, you yourself have seen taught here many good techniques, answer, it is true, there are many good Guards and will be fought from a number of good and beautiful techniques. As I have included several in this book for you. However this rhyme teaches you that it is always better to not settle into a guard. It guards you not at all, to show someone with your guard, what you will do amid the fight, that may your cutting through not be brought so far.</p>

<p>In this, learn from the rhyme, when you should do it. Namely in the After that is when you should take him, when he keeps his guard, or stays in a guard, then cut him to the opposite opening, as soon as he goes towards your strike with his displacing, and is out of his Guard, and whether it connects or doesn’t connect, then pull around your head and strike, especially to the part or quarter Line from where he has struck from.</p>

<p>Of this I will give to you an example:</p>

<p>When one stands before you in the right Wrath guard in the Zufechten, as soon as you note that he will remain in the Wrath guard, thus cut through to him, still that you are not too close, and in cutting through, allow your sword to fly around in the air, so that you would come into the right Ochs, but before you complete this, or when you have sent this gesture, then step quickly, before he will properly defend, and cut to his left, from under so that your hands remain high, with this you force him, that he must leave his guard to displace, or with a step back, cut in at the same time as you, as soon as the swords connect, pull around the head and cut with crossed hands to his right ear with a Schielhau, in an arc, to where his departure has made him open, how the Figure shows, it is a lofty attack or onset, in which you should take great heed to the steps, and the body should well follow the cuts.</p>

<p>When you threaten to cut to a place, then you can readily deceive him, therefore in such attacks you must take the ground, as it were, and in your approach act as if you would step small and tight and before he is aware step broadly forth to the attack, allow yourself at first to be seen taking large steps, in this he takes notice, and will meet you quickly in earnest, to get there before you, thus withhold your step and do it moderately, so that he is otherwise in this you take your advantage, and as soon as you see it, that you are quickly at him again with broad stepping.</p>
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| <p>The cuts you send powerfully from your body<br/>To the four openings carry out your work</p>

<p>In this rhyme two things are realized, firstly, to the cutting secondly, to the four openings of the Man, to which the cuts will be cut, and note that you cut all cuts with outstretched arms, and with this reach far to the man, also as soon as a cut from one side fails, thus you should quickly cut to the opposite side.</p>
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| <p>'''Item''' If however you step up and are going strong, thus cut quickly around to the other side, also when you will cut to an opening, thus note that as soon as he goes to displace your cut, thus do not allow them to connect, (where it is useful to you) but rather pull free your sword and let it fly around again and strike to another opening, reach far from you with the cuts, and you must step correctly with this, thus fine changing and changing through on the shield comes to you, and so you won’t be harmed see that you cut to the body and not to the sword, from the Second part of this rhyme the verses teach this, also I will write further of this in 38 rhymes, and still more of the same.</p>
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| <p>When you Krumphau go up quickly<br/>Throw the point with crossed hands</p>

<p>Note the Crooked cuts are many, and that all cuts that are done with hands put crosswise or crossed, will be known as Crooked cuts.</p>

<p>Hence the one, Schieler is also counted among the Crooked Cuts and it applies equally to the long or short edges, thus it is a Krumphau when you hold your hands crosswise.</p>
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| <p>And firstly when one will cut straight to your head, from his right, thus step with your right foot well out from his strike, to his left, so that you avoid his strike with a spring to his left and likewise cut from your right with crossed hands, against his cut, thus you come with your blade between his head and sword, on his short edge, which is facing him, and when it connects, then step further around to his left side with your right foot, and displace or transfer your sword's blade from his, onto his arm, between his head and sword, in this you will have seen the opening, to which the you may cut and see that you don't wait long but rather allow your cuts to fly quickly to the openings.</p>

<p>Item Note when you approach him in the Zufechten, then see when he shows his arm will strike, thus cross your hands while in the air yet that they remain high, and throw the point at his hand or arms, that is the weak or the furthest part of the blade, and that should happen when he goes up to strike, and before he is ready, thus be on his blade, with a Thwart cut, for such techniques should fly and go quickly.</p>
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| [[File:MS A.4º.2 12v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Allow the Circle to connect to the right<br/>Hold your hands high, you will deceive him</p>

<p>The Circle also comes from the Crooked Cuts and is a particularly good technique for deception, compared to others, because it does not just run off, unlike other deceptive techniques, like ablauffen and the like, but rather when one does it correctly and strikes the Circle very hard with the short edge in running by.</p>

<p>This Stück goes thus, (after you have come under his sword in the attack) when your stay in the bind, and drive your sword over the head, as soon as he gives a little room, so that he is not binding on the sword, but rather drives his sword then high above you, then cross your hands in the air, and cut from above with the short edge thus put crosswise, down to his right ear, so that whether your Blade hits or not, it runs around in a circle by his right arm, and in this keep your hands high above your head, as soon as he slips after the Circle, then step with your left foot well on to his right side, and cut in at his head with the Long edge, over his right arm, behind his blade, take your body and head well away from his strike with a step to your left side.</p>
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| <p>'''A good Stück from the Circle'''</p>

<p>When you stand before one in this same work, how you have previously been taught, thus pay attention when your advantage will come, then step aside at once with your left foot out to your left side, and cut with a circle to his right while you are stepping but that in running past to the right, it grazes, and also with this Circle, step through with your right foot between you and him, in to his right side, with this stepping through, cut a Zwerchhau from your right to his left, forwards to the face Indes spring well out to his right and cut him long after to his head.</p>
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| <p>With the Crooked step well if you want to displace<br/>The crossing over, does him harm</p>

<p>This is when you cut in Crooked at the same time as him, with your strike you should step well out from his strike, so that you have your head behind your blade, well from his strike. The second part teaches you that when you have bound on his sword with a Crooked cut, that you nimbly cross over where you have the opportunity and then snap around or wind the quick snap to his head, or wrench out, allow it to overrun.</p>
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| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword O.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''A Stück from the Reversing'''</p>

<p>Note in Zufechten that you pay attention when he goes up before you, then step and cut a Crooked from your left to or above his right arm, with this Crooked cut step well to him, and reverse your sword and wrench downwards and out to your right side If he may work further, thus drive with the pommel from inside, between both of his arms, allow your left hand to release from the grip and grab your sword blade and wrench out upwards, how this figure shows.</p>
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| <p>'''Counter''' - Let go the left hand, and allow him to wrench without avail, Indes drive after his upwards pressing, with your slice to his arms, do not allow him to come to any further work, nor to cut freely, when you see your advantage, at once, allow your sword to fly to the next opening.</p>
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| <p>Cut Crooked to his Flat<br/>And you will Weaken the Master</p>

<p>This is a lesson how you shall weaken one's incoming strike, and goes thus, In Zufechten pay attention when he cuts in at you from his right, then step well out from his strike and cut with crossed hands and the Long edge onto the strong of his sword's blade, on the Flat, thereby you weaken him, so that he can barely recover for another strike, then before he recovers you are on his head with winding and flicking.</p>

<p>The Counter you should mark that when one meets you with a crooked cut, to your on coming strike, to weaken you, then change through nimbly under his blade and work to his side from which he sent his Crooked cut.</p>
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| <p>When first they connect and clash above<br/>Pull away to the openings you will confuse him</p>

<p>This is a very good rhyme that admonishes you earnestly to pay attention to the openings that fall before you. For it is known that you go at him correctly in the After, thus you have very often whenever the swords connect or two strike and clash together above, there is an opening below. You will not fail to note this through several Stück.</p>
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| <p>Note in Zufechten send yourself into the Wrath Guard, as soon as you can get him, then step and cut in with him from your right a powerful high cut, when this clashes, then strike around nimbly with a Thwart to his left ear, with a back-step of your left foot, behind your right, thus you likewise hit twice, or complete two strikes before he completes one.</p>
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| <p>'''Item''' If one cuts at you from above like before, then cut from your lower left against his strike, so that you catch his High cut up in the air, as soon as it connects then cut with the forward short edge and crossed hands in a Circle, to his right ear and that you swiftly go almost at the same time, namely that when the blades connect together, thus you shall hit down from above with the short edge.</p>
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| <p>'''Item''' In the Onset act as if you would cut from above; but as soon as you note that he slips upwards against your cut, at once turn your High Cut into a Low Cut before it actually connects above, this is the Simultaneous Failer.</p>
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| <p>'''Item''' If he cuts from below, thus fall on it with your long edge from above when it clashes, then pull back nimbly and strike to the next opening in one motion, or strike around from his sword with the flat in a winding flick to the next opening.</p>
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| [[File:MS A.4º.2 16v.jpg|400px|center]]
| rowspan="2" | <p>When you cut crooked at his strong<br/>Be sure to wind through and overrun with it</p>

<p>This is when you cut a Crooked cut at one, and he holds off hard so that you cannot cross over, or have other work from above, thus wind under and through with the pommel, and cast the pommel to the other side over his blade or arm from the outside, and wrench downwards and strike in with the long edge deep to his head, or cast the pommel in between both of his hands, how this figure reveals.</p>
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| <p><br/></p>

<p>The next is a counter to the under-cut, if one cuts an under-cut to you low. Then cut with your long edge so that you have your hands crooked or crosswise, above on his strong. Then when this clashes, thrust the blade right in before you, and in thrusting forth, wind the short edge to flick it around at his face or head. If he drives up and defends against your flick, then drive up also, pull around your head, and strike him to another opening.</p>
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| <p>The Pommel deception, you shall remember<br/>With Flicking and Quickening you will vex him</p>

<p>This is when you cut in with a Crooked Cut to his strong, if he opposes or displaces high, then wind through below with the pommel, and act as if you would grab over with the pommel, as I have already taught; and before he realizes it, then quickly flick the short edge back in at him, again on the same line, to whichever side you first did the Crooked Cut.</p>
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| <p>'''Item''' In the Zufechten, lay on against your opponent with a powerful horizontal Middle Cut strongly at his left ear. Quickly pull your pommel around your head, and threaten him with it as if you would thrust at his other side with the pommel, and if he wishes to slip after and displace the thrust then flick back at his left ear with the short edge, and in flicking, step with your left foot back behind your right.</p>
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| <p>Also you will then correctly shoot through<br/>Crooked, Short, change through on his shield</p>

<p>This is a proper master's technique, when you are in the Zufechten, then send yourself into the right Wrath; as soon as he brings his sword in the air, then strike a free High Cut at him, and in the air, cross your hands so that the right hand comes crosswise over the left, and cut then through crooked with the short edge against his cut, in this, step with a double step well out to his right, and cut with the long edge at his right ear, or use changing through to come onto his shield against his right; then work with winding, slicing, and whatever other work arises for you.</p>
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| <p>'''A free running Stuck from the Shooting through'''</p>

<p>Take heed in the Zufechten of he who pulls up his sword to strike, thus cut through quickly and freely before him how it is taught above, so that you come to his right on to his shield. And as soon as it connects, then wind again with the short edge in at his head, and in this winding, jerk your pommel well upward, so that your blade again snaps around, so that in your cut, your right hand comes back over your left, hit then with crossed hands, and thus in snapping around, wind in below to his right ear, and step at the same time, quickly with your left foot well out to his right. Then at once Thwart to his left ear with a step out, deeply wind your short edge inwards and again outwards to his left ear, and then cut away from him.</p>
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| <p>Note when he would confuse you with the Crooked,<br/>Remain rightly on the sword; carry out the Krieg<br/>With winding, slicing, and what’s more;<br/>With flitting let yourself not go too far.</p>

<p>In these rhymes you learn how you should hold yourself against one who binds crooked on your sword, and reports to you, as well, two techniques. Namely the remaining and the War, this is when one binds you crooked on your sword, thus you should not pull away at once, but remain and feel what kind of work you will need, like for example, if he withdraws you chase after;</p>

'''Item''' If he remains, then you wind. For winding, slicing, wrenching out, and reversing is called the War, through which one to the other always counters the opponent's devices. And one counter follows one from another, for if he wards off one, then with this he gives you occasion or helps you to another technique that conveniently follows after it, thus you both make War. Also this same you should note, when an opponent lays on against you with a Crooked Cut, that you shall not fly around from one opening to another, for as soon as you go away from the Crooked Cut, then you are totally open to him, where he will correctly step.
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| [[File:MS A.4º.2 18v.jpg|400px|center]]
| '''Stuck'''

If one strikes a Crooked cut at you from his right, then set off his cut upward with the long edge and when it clashes, then remain with the bind on his blade, wind Indes your pommel up toward his left and the blade down toward his left, the short edge at his left ear, that all this shall occur at the same time as one step. Thus surely you hit, but if he is shrewd and turns the Crooked Cut into the Long point, then wind the short edge with a flick inward at his head, then at once wind through again underneath with the pommel on your left side, thus cast over his blade or arm with the pommel, and wrench out, or whatever the situation will be, then undertake another device.
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| <p>Quickly flick the weak to the right,<br/>Double flick, protect yourself with the shield</p>

<p>Note in the Zufechten, come into the right Change; from there, slash up through his face, so that your sword runs around your head above in a loop. Step with your left foot well to his right and strike with the outside flat from your left against his right athwart to his ear, with this, take your head well out of the way how it is previously stated here and when it clashes, then thrust your pommel through under your right arm and wind with the inside flat, in a flick, up from below again to his right ear. In this winding around remain hard on his shield and press hard from you. If he resists then let your sword go away and pull around your head, strike with the outside flat a strong Clashing Cut over your hand Wind through with the pommel back under your arm and flick from inside behind his blade at his head. Remain hard on his shield and wind rapidly back out, thus you stand back in the Clashing Cut as before. Work further as you will to the four openings, such as the need be and is previously taught here.</p>
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| <p>'''Item''' If one again cuts a High Cut at you from his right then likewise cut a High Cut in against his at the same time. When it clashes, then rapidly thrust your pommel through under your arm and flick back inward to his head, before it rightly connects pull both your arms crossed upwards to your left and wrench upward around on his blade, flick back around at his left ear from below, thus again with the outside flat, how it is presented above, this double flicking shall happen quickly because it is a particularly nimble technique I have thus properly given to you. For when you bind from one side on his sword and remain hard on it and wind at him inwards and outwards in a flick, doubly on one side to the upper and lower part of his head, then when he parries the flicks, you will surely have an opening on the other side that you may connect with a Circle or by flicking around in a single motion.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/123|2|lbl=Ⅰ.51v.2}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>Also wind forcefully against his shield,<br/>Instantly shove him away and strike swiftly.</p>

<p>That is when an opponent would defend off your double flicks and sets you off, thus catch his shield with yours and shove out; away from you sideways, Indes let your short edge snap around deep at his other opposite opening.</p>
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| 

|- 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 21r.jpg|400px|center]]
| rowspan="2" | <p><br/></p>

<p>If one cuts a powerful Buffel at you, so that you may not come at him with such subtle work, then cut the first at the same time as him and mark now when he pulls his arms back toward him, then drive at him from underneath with horizontal blade on both his arms and in driving under, let go with your left hand from the pommel and grip your blade in the middle, how this figure here after shows. Wrench out besides you both his arms with your shield and cross and as you shove or wrench release your left hand and quickly cut after, either short or long.</p>

<p>Therefore note when a Roof guard Buffel is coming for you, then see that you parry once or twice, until you see the opportunity; that he has driven up the furthest for a stroke. Then drive his strike away from under on his arms and step well under him, thus he strikes his own arms on your blade.</p>
| rowspan="2" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/125|1|lbl=Ⅰ.52v.1}}
| rowspan="2" | 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword N.jpg|center|400px]]

|- 
| 
| <p>The Squinter cut you shall do wisely<br/>With winding you can also double him</p>

<p>There are three Squinters, namely two Squinting Cuts; one from the right, the second from your left with crossed hands not unlike the Crooked Cut, how I have reported above concerning the Crooked Cuts. The third is a Squinter with the face, when I focus on a point and act as if I intended to strike there but I do not do this to him, rather I cut in elsewhere.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/125|2|lbl=Ⅰ.52v.2}}
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 21v.jpg|1|lbl=21v.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The First Squinter goes thus; when you are in the Zufechten, then note as soon as he goes out to strike to your left, then position yourself as if you would strike at the same time to him, do not complete this, but rather turn your Sword in the air so that your hand comes crosswise, and then cut in from above to his right with the short edge and crossed arms, at the same time as him, so that his Blade comes also to his right, or falls by your Right, however, step well with the left foot to his right side.</p>
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| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 21v.jpg|2|lbl=21v.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The Second is the Old Squinter cut, that goes thus; In the Zufechten send yourself into the right Wrath guard, if he cuts then at your head from above, thus step from your right and strike to his cut by turning the short edge over his sword in to his head with outstretched arms, how the figures hereafter show.</p>
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| 
{{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 21v.jpg|3|lbl=21v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 22r.jpg|1|lbl=22r.1|p=1}}

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| 
| 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/125|3|lbl=Ⅰ.52v.3}}
| 

|- 
| 
| <p><br/></p>

<p>'''Note''' When one does a Squinting Cut against your long cut, thus he opens his right side, therefore do not allow him to come onto your sword but rather change through below and cut him to his right long in from your left after driving through.</p>
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| 

|- 
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| <p><br/></p>

<p>'''Item''' If one changes through under your Squinting Cut to your right side, then remain nevertheless with the point right before his face and turn the long edge against his blade, allow Indes your pommel to go through under your right arm and step with your left foot well to his right side. Thus he has changed through in vain, for you come at his head with the first Squinting Cut and crossed hands, At once allow it to run off by his right side using the Circle and Thwart to his left.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/126|1|lbl=Ⅰ.53r.1}}
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Counter to the Plow'''</p>

<p>Note when an opponent comes before you in the guard of the Plow, then attack happily with the Squinting Cut, As soon as he drives out, then work to his lower openings and further to all four openings.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/126|2|lbl=Ⅰ.53r.2}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 22v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Counter to the Long Point'''</p>

<p>Item if one stands before you in the Long Point, thus position yourself with the gesture that you would cut in with a long High cut to his left ear, do not do this, but rather turn in the air and cut a strong Squinter cut to his sword, when it clashes, then slice the point forward into his face so that he must displace. When he drives upwards then pull your sword around your head in a flight and cut with the short edge and crossed hands; athwart to his right ear, allow the left hand to go well out and thus the short edge goes deep. Pull again around your head and wrench out his blade with the flat from your right athwart to his left, so that your sword again flies around above your head and allow the short edge to shoot in deep to his left ear, at once cut two undercuts to his right and left, Indes cut away.</p>
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| 

|- 
| 
| <p><br/></p>

<p>Item If an opponent comes before you who will gladly bind long on to you from above or sends his first stroke long at you from the Roof, then when you are near to him or have come to him, slash through before him, up and out to your left, so that your sword's blade shoots around over your head in the Plunge to his left, Indes allow your sword to snap around back over your head, the right hand over the left and strike in at his right ear with the short edge at the same time as his strike, how it is taught above, do this correctly and step well there to him thus you will hit. So then this Stück is only on going, if he displaces however and drives out how he then (when he will displace) must drive out, at once pull around your head and cut him with the Long Edge from below athwart to his Left radial forearm, close to his pommel to the wrist. Of these two openings, one will be apparent to you, Pull your Hilt again upwards around your head and cut long with a strong cut to his upper left head, in these three strikes, step well with both your feet, in a double, step around his left side, thus the cuts go on well, this a good and earnest Stück, when you will seek to send it home.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/127|1|lbl=Ⅰ.53v.1}}
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another Stück from the Squinter cut'''</p>

<p>In Zufechten, when you come close to him, then position yourself as if you would cut a long High cut at him, when he drives out to meet you, thus turn the short edge from your right, in the air, against his left and jerk your pommel upwards, cut him with the short edge over his arm or hand, step well to his left side, allow this to run forth over in a circle and cut long after to the next opening, or fight to him with the under cuts.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/127|2|lbl=Ⅰ.53v.2}}
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The Double Squinter'''</p>

<p>Item At the Start, thus cut against his cut from your right, with a Squinter to his sword, when this clashes, then reverse your sword on his blade and slide off to your left, step out with the right, continuing towards his left side, allow your blade to drive around your head and cut the next Squinter to his head, also from your right above and in deep to his left. Then cut a double squinter, nimbly, one into the other, stepping to his left, this is a very swift Stück against slow fencers who fight with their arms far from themselves.</p>
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| 

|- 
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/128|2|lbl=Ⅰ.54r.2}}
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The Third Squinter is a deceiving with the Face'''</p>

<p>In Zufechten slash up so that you come into the Guard of the Roof, as soon as you can reach him, at once wind the short edge to him, while its still in the air, squint with your face as if you would cut to his left with the Squinter cut, don't do this, but rather allow the Squinter to fall past by his left and work to his right, or work him to the right and cut quickly again to his left, take your body well after with it, for this is a fine and good work that can't be written as well as it can be shown with the living body.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/128|3|lbl=Ⅰ.54r.3}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword G.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Note a swift Stück from the Squinter'''</p>

<p>When you come close to him, then Wing up by him, so that you come with crossed hands into the Unicorn. In this Winging up, lift your left foot somewhat upwards, after you come through the Unicorn with crossed hands, thus you stand as if you would shoot through, as soon as he extends his sword out, thus cut then with crossed hands and the short edge from above again to his right, on to the forward portion of his sword's blade and before it connects, turn your short edge around and cut with the Squinter, that is with the short edge from your right to his left side, to his arm or face, not with crossed hands and with a step of your right foot, towards his left, in hitting, allow your blade to run off from his left only slightly besides and along with this, thrust through at once with your pommel, under your right arm, then cross your hands so that your short edge snaps around again to his left, over to his head or arm thus with crossed hand from your right to your left or bar him over both of his arms, if he holds you again so that you cannot wrench out or suppress from above, then allow the pommel to run through below and grab him over his right arm, drive the wrestling to him.</p>
| 
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| 

|- 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 25r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p><br/></p>

<p>Changing through is useful against those who fight with the Squinter or Crooked Cuts. Note this also, if he does not extend his hands far from him in his cuts but rather holds them close by himself in fighting, you may readily change through far from him.</p>
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|- 
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| <p>'''Item''' If he fights with winding, reversing, Crooked Cuts, Squinting Cuts or any other Stück with it he shortens his strike or cannot fight long from himself, how it then goes in such Stücken in which you shall also (before they bring their technique to the halfway) change through against him, to the other side which he opens with this shortening, thus you force him to displace and he allows the Vor to pass to you.</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If one fights far and long from himself with the long edge, however more to your sword than body, then you shall change through to the next opening and allow him to fall through with his cuts. So then be diligent with how you fence, that is with the short or long edge, that you namely cut him to the opening, that is, you cut him to the body and if it does not always happen that you may cut him to the body, thus when he changes through, you quickly fall in after his Sword to the opening.</p>

<p>Also thus note this Rule in all cutting, when you connect or catch his blade with your strong, in the bind, as soon as it clashes, you shall cut at once with the weak (that is with the forward part) to the body or next opening cut at, so that then your sword cuts likewise at his blade and body, or as soon as your strong connects with his sword, then as they clash together you shall turn the weak to the nearest opening with flicking, snapping and winding.</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>Further you should take from these lessons, when you will execute these techniques against someone who knows how to change through against you, for example when you send your sword into the air for a Squinting Cut or Crooked Cut.</p>
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|- 
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| <p>'''Item''' To the Crossing over, Falling and others which are similar, as soon as you realize that he will change through, then fall from such work into the Long Slice, to the opening that he gives you by changing through. For often when he changes through he opens himself, And when you travel after to his opening, then watch for his sword with the long edge, if it would come too near to you, that you turn the strong against him and at the same time, remain on his opening with the short edge, as soon as you have connected, then remain no longer but rather let it quickly fly away from one opening to another.</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>The Thwart you shall also consider valuable,<br/>With it your skill in the sword becomes great.</p>

<p>The Thwart is one of the chief master techniques with the sword. For you should know, if the Thwart did not exist, then it would be like "half fencing", especially when you are under the opponent’s sword and therein you can no longer attack with long cuts through the Cross, and if I have already written enough about the Thwart such that if someone knows how to fight, he could have a sufficient understanding from it, but meanwhile I write not great of great Fencers or Artists, also I have not intended to write historically of fencing, as the art is drawn from memory. But rather solely, I've attempted to write an instruction book, therefore I will not only repeat the Thwart here, but also write more fully about it, for the instruction of those that love such art.</p>
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|- 
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| <p>In Zufechten take note if your opponent will attack at you from the Day, (that is from above) then slash up from the right Change toward your opponent's face, when he will strike or cut, then let your blade drive towards your left and around your head, so that your flat stands upward and your thumb is underneath on your shield, step with your right foot well around his left side toward him, simultaneous with the step, cut with the short edge from your right to his left ear, so that together your hilt and with the thumb underneath, stands high above your head to the displacing, so then if he strikes, you will catch his stroke on the strong of your sword and at the same time with the forward short, you cut athwart from below to his left ear, how the second figure shows, as soon as the swords connect together or clash, then strike with the long Thwart deep at his right ear, such that your thumb remains underneath, perpendicular.</p>
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|- 
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| <p>Secondly, Note when you strike in with a Thwart at the same time as him, or bind on, then from this same, at once search above and below for the openings, with reversing, snapping around again, or Thwarts, fearless Traveling after, then as soon as One will cut from above at you, thus displace him with the Thwart, so that with this, the swords clash together, then reverse, set off upwards, seek the openings and fight with the types of works that have been reported here previously. Wherein Liechtenauer speaks correctly in his cryptic verses,</p>

:''The Thwart takes<br/>All that come from above,<br/>Thwart with the strong<br/>Mark your work with it''

<p>that is; all high strikes, displace with the Thwart, or how I have here set forth with my Rhymes:</p>
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|- 
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| <p>For everything that comes from the Roof<br/>The thwart may displace this<br/>In the Onset drive the thwart strongly<br/>Note also you Reverse and Fail with it</p>

<p>If one cuts at you from above, thus Thwart strongly against his strike, you force him to fall so much lower with his cut, when it connects you must then thrust your pommel through under your right, reverse, press downwards, let the blade snap around again with the short edge in his face, yet such that in the reversing and snapping around you remain with the slice on his arms.</p>
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|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>This stuck goes well when you do it quickly. However, if he escapes you upward too quickly with his arms, then allow your blade drive around your head, so that your long edge comes forward on his arms, athwart through with an under cut, how the figure here after shows, however do not let go with your left hand from the hilt, rather thrust him from you with crossed hands.</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>To Plow and ox you are quick<br/>Threaten the cut at once against the target</p>

<p>This verse is very clear, how the others also are, namely that you should quickly cut the Thwart to the Ox and Plow, to the lower and upper opening, to the left and right, nimbly crosswise, diagonally opposite to all four parts, how with other names, thus you will see the four openings, further reported hereafter, extensively.</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>Next you will learn from the rhyme, how with the high cuts you shall deceive, thus you step forth, then position yourself with comportment and cut a powerful Thwart to his left, if he would go against your sword, whether from above or below, do not allow it to connect, but pull away again and Thwart cut to his right, against his head, you may also threaten him with the thwart to his lower left, then thwart from above.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Threaten to the lower right, and cut to the lower left with this Thwart, thus you can also note that then when you go at his left with the Thwart, then at once to the right threaten but strike back to the left, where you firstly intended, from this knowledge you can pull the Thwart to both sides, crosswise and diagonally opposite. Threaten, then strike after your advantage how it pleases you and in the rough Zufechten there is no cut as safe as the Thwart.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Note when the Thwart is executed with a spring,<br/>And you execute failing with it, it connects at your will</p>

<p>Note in the Onset when you will deliver a Thwart to the upper left opening, then spring well out with it and also let your pommel go well upward, thus the Thwart goes deep at his head, especially when you disguise the gesture, you can also when he likewise does not perceive the spring until it has happened, and the Thwart has hit, but if he sees it and defends or parries you, then you shall cut to the lower and opposite corner.</p>
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|- 
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| <p>'''Item''' When you thus strike with the Thwart high at your opponent with a spring, and however you do not let it hit, but rather fail and run off beside his left and you strike in rapidly with the Thwart at another opening, then you will hit at your will. For before he thinks to parry the Thwart, you have hit elsewhere.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/133|3|lbl=Ⅰ.56v.3}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 28r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Double shall your Failer be done<br/>Likewise double the step and slice</p>

<p>The Failer is a good technique against the fencers who will gladly displace like in the previous Stück concerning the Thwart, then when you cut to an opening and note that he wishes to parry after, then allow your cut to fail and go by, and cut diagonal to another opening, Double failing is an artful technique and requires an experienced fighter as well, however I will present and describe here to you several double and single techniques from which you can learn many kinds of Failers.</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' In the Zufechten send yourself into the Wrath guard to the right, as soon as he brings his sword in the air, then cut from your right with the long edge to his right side, by going over your head and with outstretched arms, but fail and drive the Thwart to his left, do not allow that to connect but rather go around the head again and cut with the long edge so that you swing in with the Flat to his right ear, now reverse, snap around and allow it to fly.</p>
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|- 
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| <p>'''Item''' In the Zufechten cut a long High cut to his upper left opening when you in the Zufechten, cut a long High Cut at his upper left opening, when you have almost connected with his blade above in the air with the cut, then change this High Cut into a Thwart, and strike him with the Thwart from below at his left ear or arm, that goes to both sides.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/134|3|lbl=Ⅰ.57r.3}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword K.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''A Failer with the False step'''</p>

<p>In the Zufechten deliver a lofty High Cut and when your blade almost connects with his blade, at once change the High Cut into a Thwart and at the same time as the Thwart step through to the side with your right foot, between you and him to his right side, at once allow your sword to snap around again and strike him with the short edge to his right ear so that your hands are crosswise, or cut after with the long edge and spring well out to his right side with this strike.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/134|4|lbl=Ⅰ.57r.4}}

| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Twice or Double failing'''</p>

<p>'''Item''' In the Zufechten, before you correctly come to him, thus cut through besides your right, so that your weapon shoots over in plunging, step on your way, with the right foot to him, let your sword drive around the head and pull a high strike from the Roof while in the air, but cross your hands, threaten to cut with the short edge, if he whisks this from him and will set on, thus wind you hand around again and convert your Crooked edge into a thwart, let the thwart also not proceed, but rather fail and run past, then strike the other, to his right side, that is double failing, these two failers will be accomplished in the air when you wind around his blade, yet you can terminate this therein when you will, to the displacing or in a winding, thus when he would reach to you, that you with your device would not like to come to him, but when you have deceived him, that he feels he must displace you, thus is the double failer very good and goes very quickly.</p>
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| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' This is also called the double failer when you let it double or twice run off, to deceive him.</p>
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| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another from the double Failer'''</p>

<p>In the Zufechten bring a high strike from your right and in the air, before it connects, thus wind the short edge against him, as if you would cut the Squinter cut, but don’t let the short edge connect either, but rather quickly fail and run off, and swing in to him with your weak, to his right ear with crossed arms, let it quickly fly around again, and fall on him with the slice to the next opening, or on his sword, from there to the body and on the arm.</p>
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|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword L.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Counter to the Thwart'''

<p>Mark when you have bound with one from above, or, at the same time, cut in with him, thus see if he would with the Thwart strike around, [and] thus come before with the Thwart under his blade, on his neck.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/136|4|lbl=Ⅰ.58r.4}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword N.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>Item, if he thwarts from under, so that you can't come from below thus catch his Thwart on your shield with diverting, so that your blade hangs over his.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/136|5|lbl=Ⅰ.58r.5}}
| 

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 29v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''From Stepping'''

<p>In stepping is much concerned. Therefore, see that you give stepping to him with every one of the cuts, then when you cut to his openings and you don't step with the foot from which side you have cut, thus is the cut useless, but when you don't dare to give all to the cut, thus may you also not step fully, rather only with the gestures stand, when you do step, such you will better learn still, with practice.</p>

<p>Twice stepping is done like this, when you are stepping with your right to his left, this necessitates then that you still farther step around, thus step quickly with the left foot towards the right, behind your right foot beyond or past, before you have even set your left, you can step forth with the right, then Slice double, mark this following device:</p>

<p>If one cuts at you from his right, thus cut also from your right simultaneously, with the short edge and crossed hands, so that in this, the sword proceeds, thus step in with a double step with the right foot, quickly around to his left, and fall with your long edge on his arm, now set above, and if he drives upwards, and will not trouble you with the slice, thus follow after with an under slice on his arm, shove him from you how the figure nearby demonstrates, that is a proper and Old Cut and cuts down a Master with it.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/138|1|lbl=Ⅰ.59r.1}}
| 

|- 
| <p>'''Item''' when you have Sliced one on the Arm, you may also part him through the Mouth with the slice.
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/138|2|lbl=Ⅰ.59r.2}}
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>From the sword to the body, reverse with it,<br/>Twice, or slice on the weapon.</p>

<p>This is the correct gloss for the previous verses, which tells you to wind twice or slice on the weapon.</p>

<p>Understand it thus: When you slice from the sword on to his arms, you shall at once reverse. If he then escapes you upward, then you shall pull or wind your pommel back out from under your arm; thus you reverse your sword back around. Slicing on the weapon is when the double reversing has failed you; then you shall chase after twice, and remain with the slice on his arms. If he defends this, then fall on his blade with the slice, and see that you hold him, do not let him come away without your advantage, but rather chase after always.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/138|3|lbl=Ⅰ.59r.3}}
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Chasing is extremely good,<br/>With slicing and winding protect yourself</p>

<p>Chasing is multiple and varied, and should be done with great cautiousness against fencers who fight with long and free cuts, and have no proper art.</p>

<p>Do it thus: In the Zufechten, when you approach him with your left foot forward and you hold your sword in the Roof guard, if he cuts long from above at your head, then do not displace him, but rather see that you escape from him with your head and sword, so that he does not connect, but let him fail, in this he falls with his sword and cut to the ground, below you, then step quickly with the right foot close to him and cut in forcefully from above to his head before he recovers or comes up again, if he however drives up quickly and displaces, then remain hard on his sword and feel if he goes through strongly upwards, thus allow your sword quickly to be soft and go upwards, step and cut around with a thwart to his right.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/139|1|lbl=Ⅰ.59v.1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 31v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Item''' If one binds on to you from his right, thus pay attention when he strikes around, thus follow after him with the Slice on his arms to his right.</p>

<p>'''Item''' If you stand in the guard of the Fool, and he falls on your sword with his own before you come up, then remain below on his sword, and heft upwards; feel meanwhile whether he in the displacing, intends to execute a cut or winding against you, if so, then do not let him come away from your sword, but pursue him, and work meanwhile to the nearest opening.</p>

<p>Also note that chasing is when an opponent goes too high upward, and you chase him below either with cutting or slicing as he draws up for the stroke; likewise if he strays too wide to the side, and you chase his weapon to the opening from above.</p>

<p>And in all chasing, if he escapes you, be sure to turn your long edge against his weapon; and take good heed of the slice, for with it you can force him out of all his work.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/139|2|lbl=Ⅰ.59v.2}}
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Some twice or more<br/>Let it fly, begin with it'''

<p>That is, you should pay attention, when you are laying on against him with the slice, that you shall not allow him free, but rather once or twice follow after with the slice and with this hinder him in his work and intentions, then when he least expects it, thus you should artfully fly away to the nearest opening before he realizes it. This is a true master’s Stück; and begin with it, that is:</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/139|3|lbl=Ⅰ.59v.3}}

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|- 
| 
| <p>Send the hits to all four targets,<br/>Learn the pullings, you will deceive them</p>

<p>You must be well versed in the four openings, if you will fight certainly, then you fight with whatever Stücken and cuts, as good as they may be, if you do not know how to cut off with each one to every quarter, and to mutate the intended Stück, by transforming it into other convenient work, from what he fights against you and how he meets your Stücken, then it can happen that you will take forth with one device to a particular opening, and yet he sends himself against you such that you can have another closer opening, this opportunity will escape you, if you execute your intended Stücken without happening to notice other opportunities, therefore be diligent where you may at once fight by flying freely to the four openings. Because you have only three ways to cut and strike, that is with the long and short edge, and with the flat, from which together, all fencing is composed of, and targeting to the four divisions of the opponent; from which are given all other fortuitous techniques, like pulling, doubling, running off. Thus take note of the following divisions and cuts, that you correctly make your cuts opposite and crosswise to each other.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/140|2|lbl=Ⅰ.60r.2}}
| 

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 31v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>In the onset cut with your long edge to his left ear, as soon as this clashes or connects, pull around your head and cut the next also with the long edge, to his lower right opening, then third, to his lower left opening the fourth to his upper right opening, these 4 cuts should go quickly from one into another, And all strikes should be well to the body, also you should do these cuts with the short edge, to the four openings of the man.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| <p>'''Item''', thus also with the Flat, note that you cut with close hand to his left and to the right, inside with your hand this is from under or above, you may change through or reverse on him, to your own opportunity, then you cut the first from under to his right, the second to the upper left, the third to his upper right and the fourth to his lower left, when you cut these four strikes together into one another, you can in the very beginning or onset, deftly change off and pull them how it pleases you.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Similarly when you come with the thwart strike against one another over-handed, it is with the long, short or flat. When you do these four cuts and have learned to strike also to the four openings, thus learn also pulling, threatening, failing and then know the same from these following writings; step and cut to his upper left opening, but do not let this hit, rather when you come merely on his sword with this strike, then pull off again to a flight, and strike him to his lower right opening and cut or strike still to him the first confidently to his upper openings to the left, thus you may pull and fail with them to all 4 openings Crosswise and athwart above, also your benefit is to learn the Circle cut, this is an Over and under cut together on one side, short and long and with the flat from such is known in the first assault, cut a long High cut to his left ear, and when this clashes thus pull both cuts upwards so that your Pommel comes through under your right, and cut with the long edge from under to his left. Step Indes with your left foot behind yours and come with the hilt high above your head. And still again then cut the first an undercut with the Long edge to his lower opening with a step to of your right foot, quickly pull upwards besides your right and cut the other from above to his left, with a back-step of your left foot behind your right, so that you stand covered behind your blade.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Stück'''

<p>Item, Pull from your right a high strike to his left, but in the air, cross your hands and strike with the half edge to his left ear, Pull your hands again upwards, and strike with a Thwarter again from below to his left ear, thus also still again cut the Thwart from below to his left, with a step to Quickly pull upwards besides your right and thrust rapidly your pommel through under your right arm, and wind then with crossed hands again from your upper right in to his left, for this known strike, is also with the Flat from below and above together on one side, that goes for both sides and mark when you strike to the lower right opening, this is long or short, thus your cut comes crosswise and opposite but to the upper openings you come not crosswise, but like in the old Schielhau, thus step to him and shoot before through and strike with the half edge from you left to his right, not crossed, but over you right hand, pull nimbly again above you towards your left and cross your hands in the air, strike him with crossed hands to his lower openings from your left, in this, show that your head is well behind your blade, some twice or three times to his right thus you come also with the flat and long edge from under and above besides his right to his strikes, how it is taught, like when you connect above but quickly cut low.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 36r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Item''' threaten to him from above with a Quick strike, or cut in at him from above, and if he slips after, then pull up the cut and drive with your under cut to the same side, from this work arises the winding on the sword, namely when you have bound on his sword from your right to his left, then remain hard on his blade, thrust through with the pommel under your right arm through remain thus in advance on his sword and jerk your pommel again for the purpose of winding him again outside to his head, thus you find also three kinds, namely winding outwards and inwards short edge to both sides and you should know that I have not put them here for just any particular reason.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Also execute slicing off and slinging,<br/>Send away the hard dangers with the slice.</p>

<p>When you thus allow your Stücken to run to all four openings, how you are taught here with this same, then also pay attention to his course, that is to his Stücken, so that you are strong on him and slice off against him according to opportunity; thus hinder and slice off his devices, until you see opportunity for other work. The danger is the strikes from both sides; will you displace by slicing them off, then see that you overlook no opportunity, and also do not slice too wide from his body, so that he does not go through against you.</p>
| 
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| <p>Of the Slinging take heed as soon as he makes one of his sides open, thus rush in from under with the flat to his ear, cut nimbly again low to the opening or let it shoot up above and drive under his blade.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/141|2|lbl=Ⅰ.60v.2}}
| 

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 38r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Do not rely too much on the Crown,<br/>You will tend to get harm and shame from it</p>

<p>Note when you displace with the horizontal cross guard, high up over your head, that is called the Crown. When you see that an opponent will run under your High Cut with the Crown, then do not let your High Cut actually connect, but rather pull the cut from him, that he drives out in vain, and cut with the long edge a middle cut athwart to his arm or wrist, this same thing thus you mark that when one who will gladly drive out and displace high, thus conduct yourself with comportment like you would cut high, do not complete this, but rather strike nimbly around to the lower openings with the Thwart, using flat or long edge or behind his arms to the ears you have it known.</p>
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|- 
| <p>The Crown Strike is done thus; If one cuts at you from above, thus strike with the flat likewise and together with him to his left ear, so that your long edge connects in on his blade, and your corner on your short edge travels, thus strike your cross athwart, and hold your hand high above the head nearly like with the squinter cut and allow this nimbly to snap around again to the lower openings.</p>
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| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Item Have diligence when you attack that you will sling to the high-cut or Zwerch strike, where he lets you shoot, see that you don't sling it, but rather fall off again.</p>
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| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword B.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>Strike powerfully through with the Long point<br/>Therewith hold off all hard dangers</p>

<p>Stand with the left foot forwards and strike him from your right through his face, that the half edge goes forth once to four times nimbly one after another, thus you drive on to him, then attack to him from under and whether it is with Zwerch or Long edge, mark when you thus have slashed up to him, thus take heed when he strikes at you from above and from his right side, then wind him by slashing out your long edge against his blade so that it stays somewhat athwart, your point upwards and to his left. step at once with the left foot to his left and thrust the pommel instantly under your arm, cut in with the short edge with skidding behind his blade to his head step likewise with your right foot after and around his left and jerk the pommel again therefore, so that you stand with the sword in the Zwerch or in Hanging point.</p>
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| <p>'''Item''' When one cuts a High cut to you from his right, thus capture him in the air with an opposing cut, striking out, from your right, with the long edge in that when it connects, thus strike around with the Zwerch to his left Ear, this goes also to both sides. Mark when you thus have laid on in the long-point, then you have the setting off to the 4 windings, which goes to all sides, namely if he cuts from above, thus strike from under on his sword, and if he remains bound hard search instantly with winding flicking, Mark also instantly and feel when he will go away thus at once when he goes away around to strike, thus flick at him from above over his arm with wound blade, that the long edge smartly stays against his blade, cut nimbly around with the flat against the upper quadrants to the next opening, if its seen that as soon as you again are on his blade, he cuts at you from above, thus bar him from above it is with setting off or setting on, thus as often as it clashes so you are nimbly attentive to the next opening.</p>
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| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another Stuck'''</p>

<p>Strike the opponent powerfully through his face, upwards step through the strike after to your opponent with your right foot and leave your sword slide around and set him the first in his chest, Zwerch his arms defend yourself with the strong over your hands, and mark in this, then as soon as he makes his sword too wide in the Long-point, thus lay on with the point outside and over his arm.</p>
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| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword O.jpg|center|400px]]
| <p>'''Item''' Strike out before him and allow your sword to fly above besides your left, step and cut from your right from under at his arm, if he displaces this, thus wind and go through with the Grip and cast with your pommel outwards over his right arm, let go with your left hand from your grip, and grab therewith your blade to help the right, cut him with the long edge on his head.</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>The Blind-cut you should let rebound<br/>Cast around the Thwart, have diligence to the flicking</p>

<p>Slash him with the Long-point in his face, step and pull your sword around your head and strike with the inside flat from your right to his left through the middle line, take your head well out and wind around nimbly again on his Sword with the outside flat also to his left ear.</p>
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|- 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 40r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Over-gripping'''</p>

<p>Mark thusly when one binds on you from the right thus he presses weakly from you with the slice, with the sword, thus grab with your hand on your shield and cast with your blade over his both hands downwards and to your right, press the pommel from you.</p>
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A Sword Taking'''</p>

<p>Mark when one strongly binds to you on the blade, so remove your left hand from the pommel and grab there with both Blades in the middle, and drive with the haft or pommel over besides his both arms, Pull to you, thus must he lose his sword.</p>
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{{master subsection end}}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Dussack
 | width = 100%
}}
{{master subsection begin
 | title = Lund
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Fencing in Dussack, techniques in all Kinds of One handed Weapons Thorough Descriptions'''</p>

<p>Firstly are the Guards, therein are namely Four which are not made so that one should wait in them how it is previously and partially reported above in the sword. But rather has more divisions there with one knows One from the other to distinguish, namely thus, when one fights from the Steer, he will generally use such Strikes and devices, that are assigned to the Steer therefore he who will fight with them, thus should he pay attention from which or through which division he goes against in fighting, thus that he may know best, with what cuts or devices he should lay on against him, in that he in the Vor runs off, then your fighting and your cuts to him and techniques will be correctly cut in and soon put, it must usually give way to harm And should you know thus with the four guards that the opponent is divided into four parts, how in the above figure it is shown, the two from High are called the Ox, the other two are called the Plow take an example, when you hold the weapon high, to the right or the left thus you stand in Ox or Steer, what cuts and strikes you do from the ox, you can also do from the other High Guards. And you should yourself not mistake that more than four are known. Steer, Watch, Wrath whose names spring from their intentions and take this first as not only an example, I Hold my weapon above, prepared to strike over my head, that the point is behind me, which I call the Watch, not that he is always in Ox, but rather because my plan is to have prepared or ready strikes and pay attention and watch where he will give cuts to me, then be very ready to cut into the openings, thus I would like to say he who stays in Ox, holds good watch.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Thus one in Wrathguard stays, may I say, he opposes you wrathfully in Ox, from which comes the name's use, but this is premature and will further, as much as, hereafter, needfully enough, and understandingly be given and taught. Next are the cuts, which even if I would set forth and report to you, of all twelve, yet there are still not more than Four main cuts, from which the others all have sprung from, namely, first the Highcut, second the Wrathcut, third the Middelcut, and the fourth an Undercut, than slashing or crooked so that no one can make cuts, or cut him usefully either from above or diagonally.</p>
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|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Uberzwerch or bring from under, thus there are many kinds of names and alterations to the cuts, hence, so named that quite a few are carried out during the cuts, for example, thus I stand before one in the same work, and can't come at all to the openings, thus I cut strongly from above a Boch strike not that I intend to hit or strike through but rather that I crash on to him and wrench into a cut and with this he will also do this to me, and would thus give room to the openings, from which a high cut comes nicely. This cut has the name Boch Cut, therefore that my naming this is only about the clashing on that is to be done.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''From the Four Openings'''</p>

<p>And thirdly, should one protect the openings, and learn to recognize them on the arms of the man, therein one should be aware, of he who leads diligently the defense when each are up high, thus he is open below.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| '''Item''' Thus he who is low is even likewise open high, as is he who proceeds too far to the side, further but more importantly, the four divisions of the man the Vor and the Nach, strong and weak.
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' The looping round, and the Circle cuts and likewise how it is previously in the long sword presented and taught and should be used here, as before.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Follow the Guards and they are given these Names'''</p>

<p>Watch or Luginslandt, Steer, Wrath, Boar, Changer, Sideguard. Item The Slice, the Bow, which are the two displacings, one from under, the other from above</p>
| 

|- 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 47r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''The Cuts</p>
{| 
|- 
| Oberhau || Mittlehau || Boch Hau
|- 
| Underhau || Wecker || Felerhau
|- 
| Zornnhau || Brummerhau || Kurz hau
|- 
| Krumphau || Windthau || Zwinger Hau
|}

These figures painted here are the paths through the man to which and through which one Cuts, the first line has three parts, namely on the Head, on the Arm and thus that one strikes Outright. Thus also the Wrathguard winds, displaces, namely the three depictions, firstly through the face, to the other, through the Middle of the man, and thereafter through to the Legs and is nevertheless just a cut from one of the inward cuts, through his face or through the Middle of the man or through the Legs.
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''In summation:'''</p>

<p>What comes from above, or that which cuts to the head or Arms and feet thus is called from the High cuts, thus that which would be cut from the Shoulder diagonally to the man, whether to the face or Body, high or from under, are called the Wrathcuts and may also be done with the crooked or straight edge from which reason the cuts are well named for the limbs that they will be cut to.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>In rappier here after follows and remains that the cut is still basically a wrathcut or a middle cut and thus it is created with all four cuts. Mejur should one note when one cuts one of the four cuts through the stated line, and he is High or Middle, thus should one always cut out to the next line to the displacing.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Thus in zufechten I come into the Steer and cut a Middle cut through his face strongly, at once I cut from my left through the under weakly on his right line, displacing against his hand Meanwhile, I have given here to you a general rule throughout the whole of Dussack fencing, thus will I now as before, set forth an example of the technique which without the togetherness of the Guards and Hews, together with the Pulled cuts, namely deceiving, no defeat comes, for they are based on the hews from the shortest explanation (which is necessary) and their Counters.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Highcut'''</p>

<p>The Highcut breaks all other cuts with suppressing or extra length and always goes through the Watch or from the Luginslandt and is a blissful and still artful cut to use.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Wrathcut'''</p>

<p>Wrathcut is also from above, but in those from the first it is differentiated of those from straight from above, this goes however diagonal from the shoulder and is known as the correct Fatherstrike, Wrathtcut or also the Battlecut for this reason then, he who is strongest is greatest amongst all.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Middlecut'''</p>

<p>Middlecut is an athwart cut wherein one should know as common.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Undercut'''</p>

<p>Under cut is a weak cut, but where he with cleverness will use it it is very 
useful.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Crooked cut'''</p>

<p>Crooked is thus, grab around the grip well so that you have the Dussaack crooked, thus if he cuts or not, so step immediately out and cut with the crooked edge, through the Diagonal, Wrath, Uberzwerch, or Middle line.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Whacker'''</p>

<p>Whacker is thus, in the onset cut a strong cut onto his displacement and in that it clashes, or rests thus wind the cut into a thrust over his displacement line, that's called the Whacker.</p>
| 

|- 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 49r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Buzzer'''</p>

<p>The Buzzer is thus, take hold of your grip crooked as the first figure here shows, in those cuts that he would give to you from somewhat on high, then cut through in a stroke from under and athwart to his arm, so that the Dussacks are both in the wind above, and again you shoot around to the displacement. It is or is called therefore a Buzzer, because of the sound from the fast rushing wind that it makes.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Wind Cut'''</p>

<p>Wind cut is thus when one would cut athwart well outside his right arm over his arm line, thus quickly in a rip, wind out again, You can do the wind cut through a high, middle or under cut.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Bock Cut'''</p>

<p>Bock cut is here sufficiently clarified by examples.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Swinger Cut'''</p>

<p>Swinger is a strong taking away from your left to his right it is with the Flat or the Long, also I wind a special technique afterwards about the Swinger.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Short Cut'''</p>

<p>Short cut is a throwing in from the Left against or over his right, which will also be clarified afterwards in a special device.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Failer Cut'''</p>

<p>Mark when you come near to him, and the both of you are standing high in the displacing, thus cut from his right shoulder a circle so soon as he is convinced and will strike, thus cut him beside the hilt to the head.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Now follow the techniques on the Guards together with the cuts, and have diligence with the cuts when they again make you open, even though he doesn't seem far. While I amply teach next, but follow firstly the Quick cut.</p>
| 

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 51r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Quick Cut'''</p>

<p>Mark thus when you stand before one in the Bow, and he will not cut so pull upwards into the Watch as if you would cut from high especially if he does nothing, wind in the air and cut with the long edge from under to his right arm quickly and jerk the Dussack again around to your left shoulder, from there cut a defense strike through his right, to the arm or above the arm through to his face, and then cut Cross or a Driving cut.</p>
| 

|- 
| <p>'''Item''' If he cuts from above in the before, thus displace upwards towards your left and cut through quickly from your left to his right it is under or above the Dussack thus you come with your Dussack beside your right side, from there cut again athwart from under with the Long edge strongly through his Arm, or if he cuts against your strike so that your Dussack comes to your left shoulder, cut away directly from the over line.</p>
| 

|- 
| rowspan="3" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 52r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''High Cut on the Steer'''</p>

<p>Item Thus when you may reach him, in the on going, in the Bow thus cut a long cut through his displacement to the face and cut quickly to the displacing, upwards from outside against his weapon, right away work inside and outside to the Openings.</p>
| 

|- 
| <p>'''Item''' In every cut are three things to think about, that namely you wrench inward after cutting or striking.</p>
| 

|- 
| <p>'''Example'''</p>

<p>He who stands before you in the Bow, now may you not be unmindful of striking to his advantage, thus he makes you rush while he after is not weakened, so do to him now thus, when one stands before you in the Bow, thus cut him the first through his Bow not that you would, but rather, with it you cut him where he is open, when he goes out to cut. and when he has cut, then you must suppress or ground his strike with a High cut, as soon as you have cut the first the second is taken, then cut the third long after.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Go at him with a cut and displace his strong cut with the Bow from under, the third, cut him after to the Openings, if he cuts, however without strength, then take his cut with a Suppressing strike and cut after to the next opening.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Take note when he goes out to strike, thus cut him after besides his hilt to the face and that must happen, while he has his Dussack in the air to strike.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Cut him a Buffalo cut, as soon as he cuts after, thus displace and cut after him through to his forward limb and come quickly again in the displacing.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Cut him initially a long High cut to his head near by his hilt and allow this quickly to run off besides his right, and cut a long cut after to his face, and the two cuts should go hand in hand.</p>
| 

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 54r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''A Good Device from the Steer how it follows'''</p>

<p>If you encounter one who is in the Slice how this figure shows, thus step and cut from your right crooked under his right Arm through so that you connect near his knuckles with the crooked point, the other take him strongly away with the flat upwards through his right arm from your left, so that your weapon again flies around your head, with this thrust over his right arm to the face, if he defends this, thus cut him to the face.</p>
| 

|- 
| <p>'''Item''' In the onset cut in with Long edge strongly through his face, so that your dussack again shoots over your head athwart to the displacement from your right, step instantly and quickly with your left around his right and cut him Crooked over his right arm to the Head if he defends, thus cut him forwards to the face or cut him crooked to the left at the Head.</p>
| 

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 55r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Middle strike with the Throwing In'''</p>

<p>'''Item''' If you encounter one who is in the Slice or Straight Parrying how this figure shows. Thus send yourself in the Middle guard to your left side and throw at him your crooked edge from outside over his Right Arm and Pull the Long edge to your left, through his face, if he defends this, and he drives above you thus cut before him long to the face.</p>
| 

|- 
| <p>'''Item''' Mark when you encounter one who is in Straight parrying or in the Slice thus come in the zufechten into the Sideguard on your left side, throw the Half edge over his right arm to his face, the second proceeds from under with the Long edge through his face. The third a Middelcut after from your right, if one defends these thrown strikes, thus cut nimbly to the face But if one cuts to you when you thus stand in the Sideguard so take away the strike from your left with the Flat Instantly step with the left foot to his right side and thrust him over his right arm to the face, cut quickly after through his face or to the Next opening.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Swinger'''</p>

<p>The first is a taking out from your left and a winding out with the Flat, the other is a Strong cut from your left through his face with the Long edge with a twofold strike through the Cross.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A Good Device from the Swinger'''</p>

<p>Mark in zufechten you come into the Slice, allow him not too close to you as soon as he would strike to you, thus pull under his strike, through to your left side avoid his striking through and cut quickly from your left, over his right arm, two high strikes to the head with this you go twice to him.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Rose Cut'''</p>

<p>Item In the zufechten cut him from above outside his right arm, (go) under and through him, so that your Dussack comes around again in a Circle above your head, let it low and nimbly run out next to your left, cut him from your right to his face.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Thrust him outside from over his right arm going under and through so that your Dussack again comes outside over his Arm grab with your Left hand over your right arm on your incoming Blade by the Hilt, Pull to you, and to your right side, thus you have taken his Dussack.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Failer Strike'''</p>

<p>Mark when you can come close to him and both of you are standing high in the displacement, thus cut from his right corner, fail with a circle, and then as soon as he witnesses this failing and will strike, then cut him beside the hilt to the head.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' When one cuts to you, thus yield with your displacement and allow his
cut to fall, step and cut from outside as soon as his right arm falls through, then next through his face. See that you are nimble again in displacing.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A Stuck on the Left'''</p>

<p>Cut him outside his left arm fail through that your Dussack comes to your low left side, as soon as he cuts, then cut with him together, ahead of the line to his face, step with the left well on his right.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Cut him failing through from outside his arm like before then next take him away with the Flat from your left through his right so that your Dussack flies above, step and cut indes Two wind strikes to his face, one into the other from your left to his right.</p>
| 

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 58r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Wrath Strike'''</p>

<p>Mark when you find someone in Left Wrath guard how this figure shows, thus come into Steer and thrust him to the face with displacing, that he must Defend, thus cut him nimbly through the face the other is a High strike to the Head.</p>
| 

|- 
| <p>'''A Good Attack from the Steer'''</p>

<p>Mark thus in zufechten that you come into the Steer against the Left Wrath or a similar Guard, thus cut the first crooked in from your right from below with a step to, through to his left side the other also from your right from above so that your Dussack shoots around from your left, over your head, into the Plunge, instantly cut hard with the Long edge from your lower left through the Scalp line, and then a middle cut after or step with displacing to him.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A Good Stuck from the Steer'''</p>

<p>If you are approached by one who is in the Slice, thus step and cut crooked from your right under and through his right arm so that you connect on his knuckles with the crooked point, the other, take him out strongly from your left with the Flat over his right arm, so that your weapon again flies around over your head and with your cut going over his right arm to his face, if he defends this, thus cut him to the face.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Under Cut'''</p>

<p>Item When you have warded a strike twice, thus catch his strike in the air on the Bow, indes wrench with the short edge from below, to your right through his displacement, then at once Cut Crosswise through his face.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A Stuck'''</p>

<p>Mark when one strikes over, crooked to your head, thus set him off with your slice, from your right, grab with your Left hand over your right down onto his right hand by the joints and drive with your hilt from under and break upwards.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Plunging to the Head'''</p>

<p>Or when you thus have caught one's hand as described above, then heave upwards and go through under his right, stoop down to the ground and grab with your right hand and your Dussack around behind his Leg, how you may do in all Grabbing, heave upwards, thus he falls on his Head.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Note in the zufechten, that you come with the Left foot forwards hold the Dussack besides your right, grab the handle well so that you have the Dussack Crooked, Indes step cut then Crooked over his Bow line, wrench downwards to your left side, step out with your right behind his right Strike then outside over his right arm to the face or to his left with a step out.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Mark thus when you stand in right Wrath guard, thus step and cut the first from under through his left, the second also from under through his right both crooked. the third, from above through his Left, the fourth also from above through his Right so that your Dussack again stays over your head in the Plunge, the fifth a Middelcut through his left, the sixth a Highcut, In zufechten cut from your lower left, out to his right arm, as soon as he clashes, then thrust into his face, if he parries that, thus grab his Dussack in the Middle and take him downwards to your left side.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Work for Running in'''</p>

<p>Mark thus when you come close together, then work him high over his displacement firstly with a Crooked cut over his displacement to the Left ear.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If he displaces you, thus cut a Crooked cut outside and over his right arm to the right ear If he displaces once again, thus cut crooked under his arm to the face. The Fourth strike is a Thwart strike to his left ear from under with the long edge so that your hilt is well gripped, in these four strikes you should always be high with the Hilt, above your Head to the displacing.</p>
| 

|- 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 61r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Follow Several Good Rules from the Fencing in Bow (Bogen)'''</p>

<p>The first Rule is when someone strikes to you from the Bow, thus step with your Left foot behind you right and follow with to his left and have instantly let your haft go above you Then when his strike clashes on your weapon Hoist the weapon(s) through his face, so that your Dussack flies above your Head step and cut outside from your left over his right Arm From this Rule are many nimble Lists to use with deception.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>The Second Rule is thus when one strikes to you from above, thus drive with the Bow upwards against his strike, wind out his strike to your left side, thus come with your Dussack on your left shoulder wind after likewise with your Body and Dussack to your left side Indes step nimbly again to him and cut him outside over his right arm, pull the hilt nimbly upward to you and strike him through the face.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>The Third Rule is thus; When one would cut to you, thus Note however that you are not too close, and that you move out from his Cut, then Pull your weapon upwards to you and yield your forward foot back to the rear foot and out from his cut, and take then his strike with out displacing, as soon as his strike falls to the ground, so follow with a cut and with a step to him. thus the attacker has been attacked instead.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>The Fourth Rule, Mark then when one is weak to you on your Dussack thus drive out and cut a Brummer from your Right to his Arm.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' When one strikes to you on the strong, so wind the point upwards against his Dussack and wind in on his weak on your right side and cut to him a Brummer from your Left outwards to his Arm or cut the Quick Cut. These are four good rules the better to mark, when you are Fighting in the Bow.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Stück with the Bow'''</p>

<p>Firstly mark when you meet one who is in the Bow, so send yourself into the Changer to your Left, the right foot forwards, Step and thrust from under his displacement to the face or chest as soon as you find that you are in the after, so drive instantly and nimbly out with your Hilt before the head and remain with the Point at his Body so that he must defend or strike, thus have care as soon as he goes on to strike, then step to his left and strike him besides his displacement line, this device is often on going how it is seen here in the Bow and Changer.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If you are a Strong man, so come into Changer like before, cut his forward held Bow with the Half edge from under and away from you, cut nimbly after to the face.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Mark''' when one will wrench your Bow upwards, how it is taught next, thus wind out his wrenching to your left side with the Hilt underneath, Indes cut nimbly and likewise with a line to the face, step out from his strike.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Mark''' when one however thrusts to your face, under your displacement line, how you were taught above, thus wind the thrust out, therewith you make open your face, as soon as he strikes to your opening, so drive under his strike close by his hand, between the both of your hands, and thrust him in the face with your hilt.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Breaking in above the Bow'''</p>

<p>Mark in the zufechten that you come with the left foot forwards, hold your Dussack beside your right, grip your handle well that you have your Dussack Crooked, instantly Step, cut Crooked over his Bow Line, wrench downwards to your left side, step out with your right around to his right, Strike then outside above his right Arm high above to the Head, wherein cut the next Crooked under his right arm to the face or to his left, with a step out. E .</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' When you cut outside over his right arm diagonally, how it is mentioned above, and he Drives high above you, thus step nimbly out and cut on the Crooked line to his face.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A Fast Stück'''</p>

<p>'''Item''' grab around the grip so that you have the Dussack crooked, how it is reported above. Thus Cut a wide springing high strike from your right, over the hands and over his bow line so that your right side comes well to his left side, throw a strike at him in a squint again from below through the under line to his face so that your hand remains high, cut nimbly a short cut.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' When one stays in the Bow and allows his dussack to hang downwards thus step and cut through from your right to the weak of his Dussack beneath his arm so that your Dussack comes out to your left side,Indes with the flat above his arm away from your left and cut long after to the opening by his oncoming hand.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The 6 Drivings'''</p>

<p>The first Driving is thus, stay with the right foot forwards and then High strike and Low strike together so that the Dussack always flies around over your head to the Plunge.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The Second'''</p>

<p>Stand with the right foot forward as in the above driving, cut from your left Shoulder over your right leg to the Opponent. through the right Strike Line from under and over together strongly through his Face.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The Third'''</p>

<p>Stand as before, Drive the Middle cuts together through the Middle Line from the right and left.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The Fourth'''</p>

<p>Is the Cross from above, together Drive hard on the opponent's Line.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The Fifth'''</p>

<p>This is two under cuts through the Cross, done together from under with the flat.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The Sixth Driving'''</p>

<p>Is the Double Changer, a choice cut, usually a hard one like from a battlesword. It is done thus:</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Stand with the right foot forward and strike the first cut from your upper right and through the opponent's Strong Left Line, thus you come into the Left Changer, wrench (cut) with the half edge again from under through the same Line, through which you are familiar with, and in the air change and cut from above from your left through his right Strike Line over to your right strongly, thus come to defense of your lower right side, then drive upwards through the same line you were just on, and change again in the air and cut then from your right through the opponents Left Line. E .</p>
| 

|- 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | <p>Diligently cut the strikes once or more, one after another always through a line, twice namely once from above and again from below with the short edge, thus with this changing you can Break the Guards and Strikes. E.</p>
| class="noline" | 

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = Introduction
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|start|Incomplete Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
|- 
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/150|1|lbl=Ⅰ.65r.1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>With this weapon reach wide and long,<br/>Hang over forward after the blow<br/>With your body step far to it,<br/>Send your blows powerfully around and in,<br/>To all four targets let it fly<br/>With comportment, pulling, you can deceive him.<br/>You shall parry in the forte<br/>At the same time injure him with the foible.<br/>Also you shall not come nearer<br/>Than you can reach him with a step.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/150|2|lbl=Ⅰ.65r.2}}

|- 
| 
| <p>When he will almost run in at you<br/>Drive him from you with your point,<br/>But if he has run in on you,<br/>With gripping, wrestling, you shall be the first,<br/>Pay heed indeed to forte and foible,<br/>Meanwhile, the openings he makes open,<br/>Also step rightly in the Vor and Nach.<br/>Note diligently the correct time<br/>And do not be quick to be scared.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/150|3|lbl=Ⅰ.65r.3}}

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = 1 - Contents of the Fencing with Dussacks
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating}}<br/></p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

|- 
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/152|1|lbl=Ⅱ.1r.1}}

|- 
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/152|2|lbl=Ⅱ.1r.2}}

|- 
| 
| 
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/152|3|lbl=Ⅱ.1r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/153|1|lbl=Ⅱ.1v.1|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/153|2|lbl=Ⅱ.1v.2}}

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = 2 - Of the Stances or Guards and Their Use
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating}}<br/></p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

|- 
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| 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/154|1|lbl=Ⅱ.2r.1}}

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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/154|2|lbl=Ⅱ.2r.2}}

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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/154|3|lbl=Ⅱ.2r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/155|1|lbl=Ⅱ.2v.1|p=1}}

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = 3 - Of the Four Cuts with Four Good Rules
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating}}<br/></p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack A.png|400px|center]]
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/155|2|lbl=Ⅱ.2v.2|p=1}} {{pagetb|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf|157|lbl=Ⅱ.3v|p=1}}

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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack B.png|400px|center]]
----
[[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack C.png|400px|center]]
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/159|1|lbl=Ⅱ.4v.1}}

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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/159|2|lbl=Ⅱ.4v.2}}

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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/161|1|lbl=Ⅱ.5v.1}}

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = Remaining 1570 Figures
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/></p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>

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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack D.png|400px|center]]
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack F.png|400px|center]]
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack G.png|400px|center]]
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack H.png|400px|center]]
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack I.png|400px|center]]
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack K.png|400px|center]]
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack L.png|400px|center]]
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack M.png|400px|center]]
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack N.png|400px|center]]
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack O.png|400px|center]]
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| class="noline" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack P.png|400px|center]]
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 

|}
{{master subsection end}}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Rapier
 | width = 100%
}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = Lund Rapier
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Rappier Fencing'''</p>

<p>In rappier there are 4 Guards, namely the Side guard, from which you have five displacements, the first is cutting off, the other is suppressing, the third is going through, the fourth is hanging, and the fifth is taking out with Long edge from which each one has the cut and the thrust.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' The Verfirsten cut</p>

<p>'''Item''' The Changer has 4 displacements the first is taking out with the short and long edge.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Cutting Away and suppressing with the half edge from which each one has a cut and thrust then the under thrust, over thrust, outside and inside cuts and The Straight Cut.</p>

| 

|- 
| 
| <p>The same goes for the Right Ox, which has also 4 displacements, namely, hanging, suppressing, going through cutting off, together with the inside and outside cuts and from above.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>The Left Ox has three displacements, cutting off, suppressing, and taking out from below with the half edge.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Irondoor has six displacements, suppressing, cutting off, going through, setting off, hanging, taking out with half edge.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Longpoint has three displacements cutting off, setting off, suppressing, Plow, from the Plow may you set off, simultaneously strike, take out, opening strike, double thrust, single thrust, deceptive thrust.</p>
| 

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 70r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Side Guard'''</p>

<p>In the Side Guard send yourself thus; stand with your right foot forward, hold your weapon with the hilt near your right knee, the point before you to the earth, how this figure shows.</p>
| 

|- 
| <p>When you are thus in the Side Guard and one strikes or thrusts to you whether from below or above, thus attack with your Blade well from you with the long edge on the strong of his blade, and cut his strike or thrust away from you, to his right side, and in this cutting off, step with backsteps from his strike, thus you come with your rappier in the Left Changer, Instantly step quickly further on to his left side and thrust from below to his face, thus that you stand in Longpoint, when one thrusts or strikes to you thus cut all thrusts or strikes downwards from you with opposition.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' When you stand in this Guard, how one cuts or thrusts at you from his right, thus cut away his Blade from you to your left like before, thus you come into Left Changer, in the clash of the Blades, thus hold your hilt above you, and cut from above a straight Apilem or Scalp cut through his face so that in this cut you come opposite with the hilt before the blade, that gives a freely seen cut through the irondoor, and rises from all the strikes with two Wrath cuts from both sides through the cross with outstretched arms and far away from you.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Cut his strike or thrust out from your right to your left with the long edge like before, and allow your weapon to run over next to your left side so that the blade snaps around beside your left, into the left Ox and from there thrust over hand at his face while stepping out from your left, so that you now stand in Longpoint, from this cut also in the Side Guard or else the Changer.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Position yourself in the Side Guard like before, thus cut his strike or thrust from your right to your left like before, and wind your weapon beside your left in which the Long edge cuts Instantly before he can recover from your slicing off, thus cut with a defense strike over his weapon to his body, his legs, his hands or Arms. And in this cut, then spring well to his left side with stepping after, thus you come into the Side Guard on the right.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Cut away his thrusts or cuts like before, and allow your Blade to run through in return, besides your left, and from that, snap over to him a thrust above the hand, pull again around your head and cut him outside through to his right Thigh, thus you come into the Side Guard from there then cut or suppress again away from you.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>The other displacement is Suppressing, which the cutting away is nearly equal, and almost like in the Iron Door.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Going through'''</p>

<p>'''Item''' Thus when you stand then in the Side Guard, and one thrusts or cuts to you, then drive through with your blade and with his blade, that you strike out from your left to your right, so that the Blade flies around again, besides your right into an over Thrust.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Proceed then as how it is taught and suppress his weapon to the ground with the Long edge from your upper Left, thrust him upwards, to the face and set him off again.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Thus if you are in the Side Guard and he thrusts or cuts to you, take out his weapon with your Flat, and with your arm outstretched so that your weapon cuts around with the Point at his face and runs over shooting around into Left Ox, after this, cut around your head to his Right thigh.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Take out like before, and allow it to Fly around like before, and thrust him to the face.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Take out like before and allow your weapon to drive around your head and then cut him inside to his forward positioned thigh, thus you come again into left changer, if he cuts or thrusts further, then set him off with the long edge, slice in at him through his weapon from your left through the Cross again at his face.</p>

| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If you are thus in the Side Guard, and he thrusts then take him out with hanging and allow it to drive around your head and cut him inside to his body from your right.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in the Side Guard, thus take him out with hanging and thrust over the hand to the face.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with hanging and threaten to thrust him over the hand, but pull around again and cut outside to his right thigh.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in this Guard, thus suppress his oncoming thrust or cut, from above onto his weapon, cut or thrust Long after.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Slice with the long edge away from you, and cut in again through the Cross, or do the Flying thrust Long in the After.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Thus however if one wishes to use handworks on you, then Pull the weapon around your head and cut a Defense strike, through his left, then your weapon comes again correctly into the Changer, or Side Guard, as soon as he drives after, thus meet him with the previously taught work, then with the cuts you provoke him to attack, with this he loses his advantage, and you thus have an example of the previously taught work.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>And it is to be Marked that out of this Guard, four names or verses constitute:</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Firstly, Going through, Suppressing, Cutting off, hanging, and like techniques,</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Second, attacking with your defense strike around every displacement,</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Thirdly, the work stays mostly above the hands.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Let the thrust fly and cut to the Thigh, and cut into the Cross again.</p>
| 

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 73r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Changer'''</p>

<p>'''Item''' Take him out upwards, strongly from your left from under and gather your weapon in the air besides your left into Ox, Instantly step with your left foot around his right side, and throw him a thrust from under and through the Plow, to his right hip.</p>
| 

|- 
| <p>'''Item''' Take out his incoming thrust with the short edge from the changer strongly, upwards, so that your weapon flies around in the air, into the right Ox, and Instantly throw him a thrust from under through the right plow, to his Groin or forward positioned thigh.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Mark''' If your are in Left Changer, thus take him out with the Flat so that your weapon shoots around over your head, threaten him with the Heart Thrust, Pull and cut from your right through his forward positioned leg and thrust through the left Ox over hand to the Face.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with the short edge, how it is previously taught, and thrust him from above once to his face, thereupon a Cross Cut in the After.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out, upwards, strongly from you and allow it to quickly drive around the head and cut him outside to his right Thigh, then, a suppressing cut, Long from your right, through his face and on his weapon.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with the short edge strongly upwards, and cut through from above inside to his hand, and thrust there after, over his hands to the Face.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If one Thrusts or Cuts to you, thus slice it away with long edge, from your left to your right, cut or thrust in the After to which side you will, yet long from you it is from Below or Above, and set him off quickly again.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' When you stand in Changer, and one will cut or thrust to you thus drive upwards and displace with the Long edge from below and spring well in with the left foot, and Indes grab his Blade with the left reversed hand, under your Blade on his hilt or Pommel, and then thrust him with your pommel on his Joints, thus you take his weapon from his hand.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Ox'''</p>

<p>When you thus stand in Ox, and one thrusts to your left, thus spring out from his thrust, to his left side, and thrust in at the same time with his, and wind the Long edge against his weapon upwards to your left side, as soon as he pulls off his weapon, then cut through with the short edge from under his defense, and thrust him with the Heart Thrust.</p>
| 

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 70r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Hanging'''</p>

<p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your Chest or Face, so take this out from above with the short edge or Flat from your right, between you and he, out to your left side, so that your point is taken downwards to the Ground, Instantly allow a thrust to run over the hand to his face take out also the cut between he and you, through the Hanging, and thrust like before.</p>
| 

|- 
| <p>'''Item''' If one cuts to your feet, then sink the point towards the ground and bar him with the Flat by setting off through the Bastian and thrust him over hand to the face, if one cuts or thrusts to your right thus wind the long edge against his weapon, and suppress his strike to the ground, Cut or thrust in the After.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Pay attention when he would thrust at you from below, where he has his hand outstretched to the thrust, then cut him through to the hand and thrust him to the face.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Will your opponent not Attack'''</p>

<p>Mark when one approaches you in the Left Changer, and you stand in Ox, cut from your right from below, through his left to the face, so that your weapon runs around into the Right Ox, and then thrust him to the face.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Step with the left to him and thrust before him a Failer that goes through and outside to your left shoulder, that your weapon comes into Left Ox, take out with the short edge to your right side, so that your Rappier next comes into Right Ox and thrust him to the face, then cut him outside to the right shoulder.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If you are standing in Ox, and one will thrust to your right thus step with the left foot out from his strike to his right and follow with the right and thrust at the same time as him to the face, shoot forwards with the Irondoor or lift your Hilt above you and Grab both your Blade and his blade, and wind his blade from your right to your left in a wrench Instantly step to his left and cut him through to the face besides your left and thrust him again over hand to the face.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Mark''' When one thrusts to you from below, so step with the left foot to his right side and set his thrust from your left against your right from above, between you and he, through to the Bastian, step and thrust him under his weapon into the Groin.</p>

| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Further, when one thrusts from below at you, and you thus are standing in Left Ox, then step with the left foot well onto his right like before, set off his thrust from your left downwards to your right, thus you stand in Right Plow. Thrust him out from the Right Plow upwards to his face, this he must defend, then step and thrust him with reversed hand under his arm to the face, Pull your hilt again to you, and cut through from your left a defense strike to his right shoulder.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your face or chest, then strongly take out the thrust from below, besides your left with short edge through to his right, so that your weapon runs around above your head and cut in from the outside to his right shoulder, if he bars your cut, then thrust him quickly over the hands to the face, if he doesn’t bar this thus you come through into Changer, if he thrusts further to you, then wind the Hilt upwards and take out his thrust with the Flat through the Hanging, and thrust him over the hands, to the face.</p>
| 

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 77r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Mark''' When one thrusts at you from above, thus wind your hilt above you into left ox, set off his thrust upwards, and when they connect, then thrust him inside to the face, Instantly allow your point to sink towards the Ground, and allow the Blade where by, to run through to your left, thrust over the hands to his face Pull your hilt upwards so that the Blade runs off besides your right, and cut outside from your left through his right shoulder thus you shoot into the Right Changer.</p>
| 

|- 
| <p>'''Item''' Set off his thrust how you were taught above, remain then in the Bind on his Blade and Wind your Blade above you against his travels, out to your left side, instantly have your Hilt above you and cut from your right inside through to his right shoulder thus you come into the Left changer, if he thrusts further at you, then spring with the left foot well to his right side and thrust in from your Changer likewise with him, work further to him with the Iron Door.</p>
| 

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 78r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Item''' Displace His thrusts like before, have your hilt above you in the Left Ox, and take him out, with the short edge from your left through his right so that you correctly fly around your head into the Right Ox cut Instantly a Third strike, downwards, through his left foot from your right, so that your weapon shoots into left Ox, take him out with the short edge, downwards from your left Ox, so that your weapon shoots through in running around again, into Right Ox, allow quickly the Right Ox, to run through, with this taking out besides your left, and thrust through than by a double, done over hand, come into the Iron Door.</p>
| 

|- 
| <p>If overall, he would not Thrust, then when you stand in Right Plow thus step with your left foot to him and thrust through to the outside of your left shoulder, so that your weapon comes into the left Ox, step with your right well to his right, and thrust him outside of his right arm Line Pull around your head, and cut him through his face, thus you come into the left Changer from there take him out with the short edge.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Three Ongoing Thrusts from the Left Plow from one side'''</p>

<p>Thus if one approaches you in the Iron Door or also in the Left Plow, then thrust the first from the plow outside of his right arm Line so that your point on the Right now runs off besides your left through into left Ox, thrust through from there quickly through your left Ox, inwards to his chest, allow instantly again the Point to run off downwards and then through besides your left, and thrust the third from your left over your hand to the face, these three thrusts happen as one runs into the next, from one thrust.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>If one thrusts to you from above, wind off his thrust, upwards against your right into the Ox, step and thrust him outside and over his right arm Line, to the face and in this thrust, then drive with your left hand from below.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 79v.jpg|1|lbl=79v}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 80r.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 79v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| <p><br/><br/>...Suppress upon from above, step and thrust on his Blade above it, to the face, if he defends the thrust and drives high with his displacement, then thrust him above, on the Right Line if he displaces yet again the thrust, thus jerk your Hilt upwards and thrust over the hands, from above over his displacement Line, and cut him to the right Leg.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 79v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Cutting off'''</p>

<p>'''Item''' Suppress his oncoming strike or thrust from above, suppress like before, but in this suppressing, thus allow your blade to rest, cross wise on his Blade besides you, then in a flight, thrust or cut him again from the same side Line.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in the Iron Door, and one will thrust outside to your right arm, thus take this with the short edge downwards and out to your right side out so that the Blade runs over, besides your right at the same time, into the right Ox, Indes also takes others out through a Running off from your right to your left, and thrust this same with quickness over the hand together with a step to him.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If one approaches you in the Iron Door, then thrust him from the right Plow, inside his blade from under jointly, to the face, Instantly have your hilt above you and mutate the under into an Overthrust, cut in with a step to the next opening.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A Deceiving'''</p>

<p>'''Mark''' If one allows you to bind first on his Blade from your right, thus thrust his face from under and to the inside, over the hands.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your right, thus suppress from your left against your right, thus you have come into the Right Plow. Thrust him from the Plow upwards to the face, this he must defend, cut quickly in Indes, an undercut from your right through his left and thrust him over the hands to his face.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If one approaches you in the Iron Door and has bound on with you, then thrust in on his weapon upwards to the face with a running in, Instantly allow your weapon to run around besides your left and grab with the left hand in the middle of your Blade and thrust him to the stomach.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Changing Thrusts and Mutating'''</p>

<p>If you stand in the Iron Door and so does your opponent, then thrust him outside and over his right arm, above the hand Line, and in this thrust, allow your Hilt to be well High, as soon as he wishes to defend against your thrust, thus allow your point to sink downwards, above your hand, and thrust under your arm quickly to the sky if he however travels, then thrust in again over the arm to the face, thus reverse the high thrust into a low thrust, and you may change into a cut when you want.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The Ox and Plow's Merged Thrusts'''</p>

<p>'''Item''' If you encounter one in the Iron Door, thus thrust him from the Right Plow, inside his Blade from under to his face, instantly have your hilt above and Mutate the Under into and Over thrust, cut to the next opening with a step to.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A Deceiving'''</p>

<p>'''Mark''' when you have allowed one to be first in binding on your blade from your right, then thrust him from under, inside to his face, so that the Rappier runs around besides your right, the same as a Looping, but don't do this, instead thrust him again inside to his Body. Pay attention when one drives his point high above you in zufechten, then act as if you may bind with him as soon as your point connects thus step and undercut his blade away with your left arm then thrust upwards and to the Groin, if he pulls his Blade however, thus guard yourself with hanging, and work to to him over the hands or with taking out and cutting after.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Identical Thrusting in traveling after'''</p>

<p>'''Item''' Thus the both of your stand in the Iron Door, then pay attention as soon as he will go away from his Guard, thus step out from his Thrust and follow quickly with the Point to the body from where he has gone, and thrust on the same line as him.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Traveling After'''</p>

<p>This is a jolly and quick work in Rappier, by as much as he drives his defenses, and holds it somewhat besides his right, as soon as he goes away with the Hilt, thus Thrust him quickly there on the same Line from which he went.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Aftercut from below'''</p>

<p>If you are in the Iron door, and one thrusts to your left, thus suppress him from above, Instantly have the hilt above you into the left Ox and cut quickly with the short edge from below through his face or R. There after thrust through, to a Middlecut above the hands.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts at you, to you right, thus suppress from you to your right, thus you come into the right Plow, thrust him from the Plow upwards to the face, this he must defend, cut instantly and quickly an undercut from you right through his left and thrust him above the hands to the face.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Balgen in Rappier'''</p>

<p>Balgen is an abridgement and the proper Core of both weapons: the Dussack and the Rappier put together, which is so understandable and properly divided and placed, that every one of the four cuts can only be cut long from you. May you well understand and usefully learn from it, whether he even taught a bad school rule, and firstly therein is taught the cuts are orderly placed, to and through the man, how the drawn lines reveal, Next then however; as such cuts are cut at you, and how you shall meet these with displacing and breaking, to the third, when he now also uses such displacing and how you should take up in that, the fourth and last part teaches, of those who run in or under.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' From the dissimilar weapons that when thus he has a Knebel Pike and you only a Dagger or rappier, and how you should run under with cuts and many secret moves therewith you engage your enemy and then you can take his weapon.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The First Balg Cut'''</p>

<p>Is done thus: stand with the right foot forward and cut from above and below with outstretched arm together and forth, always with the Long edge through the opponent's Left Wrath Line how the figure shows and mark when you will cut from above, thus distort the cut around again, into a strong undercut, upwards through the Forward Line with a full swing, wind then your hand in the air so that the short edge faces to the rear, and the sharp edge against the opponent, thus make a cut after your opportunity.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The Second'''</p>

<p>'''Item''' Cut powerfully from your right from above like before, through the left Wrath Line, with outstretched arm so that your weapon comes to the left in the Middle guard, from there a powerful Middle cut through his face Thus you should make Over or Under cuts once or up to six times to his cuts.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The Third Balg Cut'''</p>

<p>The third is called the Cross through both Wrath lines, cut then powerfully with outstretched arm from you, and such cuts you should always stand with the right foot forwards, and always a Balg Cut, that is an Over/Under cut of the Cross with powerful middle cuts made after.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' Send yourself into the Longpoint to the displacing, if he cuts against your left to the head, thus catch his strike with the long edge and pull then around your head and cut him through to his right arm and thrust him above from your right to his face, if he cuts to your right thus displace and cut his face or through his body.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>If he cuts quickly from both sides through the Cross or thrusts from Both sides, then displace long from you and when he has done One, two, three four strikes, thus cut then with the radt powerfully always after strike for strike through the Cross and Balg cuts how here follows:</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Mark''' If one cuts on you from his right against your left thus cut with a strong overcut from your right thereon and cut nimbly again after from your right through his left where he is, under or above where you can work to him and you are soon again in the displacing.</p>

| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If one cuts on you the Crosscuts, strike after strike, thus displace him with outstretched arms, one strike, four or five, and pay attention where he looks further to strike, thus cut in between his Head and weapon on his strong and suppress in with a strike twice, cut then with the Radt Strike and Crosscuts after.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If he cuts from below, the Middle or from above, thus you come to suppress them all and cut immediately after with the Cross or Balg cuts.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>If one displaces you and will not cut but wait on your cuts, then cut away his displacement from your left, he is from under or uberzwerch, with that he is drawn away to cut immediately after he does this, thus suppress his strike from you with a strong Roof strike on the strong of his blade the third cuts quickly after to the opening.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Rule'''</p>

<p>Note when he does not want to cut at you, then you should also not meet him with the first strike, but rather show as if you intended to strike to him, then when he misjudges, thus translate with this same cut, it is from above or below, suppressing or cutting out. The same displacement, should one quickly cut after.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>However where he is not provoked with a strike to counter, thus cut a Cross through his displacement or two Middle cuts against one another so that his blade is cut away, then must he cut, as soon as he cuts, thus takeout and away his cut with a counter cut, more to his strong thus as soon as you feel that he is soft, thus cut quickly to his body before he recovers, that is under or over.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A Good Device'''</p>

<p>'''Mark''' Thus when you must defend in the after, thus to you one comes with a Knebel pike in the air, over you, and you only have a Rappier or other similar single handed weapon, then hold the weapon uberzwerch for your left foot on the earth, if he strikes a powerful diagonal, thus drive upwards with your weapon and spring to him under his strike guard yourself in the spring with the head out from his strike and allow his strike to clash and stay on your weapon and grab quickly with the left hand on his staff, instantly cut nimble to his hands.</p>

| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts on you and you have your weapon like is above taught, thus drive on and set off the thrust upwards above the head, if he pulls from your displacing and thrusts again, thus wind from above out of the Ox, his other thrust, again around out from and on to your left side with a Great spring to and grab his staff like before, on this lesson, may you defend against a Long Pike, But such a thing is not wise to use, especially against those who will signal their Pullings, where but one is Wrathful and is pressing on you, such techniques are altogether very desirable.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Item''' You may also send yourself in a hurry into the Ox, and from there wind through the hangings, mark however, that you nimbly should rush, to him or under his weapon, than yours has more air than his in the width from you is less, you will beat him, thus if he will then spring and thrust at you, then cutaway his thrust with a strong Wrathstrike, if he defends this, thus spring on to him with your strike.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''From the Cloak'''</p>

<p>'''Mark''' When to you one would rush, thus wrap your Cloak around your arm if he cuts above at your head, thus drive his strike on your cloak and thrust instantly with his from under, to his stomach, or if you will not thrust to him, thus cut him through his feet, but if he cuts from under, thus fall with your cloak on it and thrust from above to his face, And before you with the cross, you can drive against all four endings of the strikes and thrusts.</p>
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another'''</p>

<p>'''Item''' When one cuts or thrusts at you, thus displace his strike with the Rappier and again after he parries, thus fall with your cloak on his Blade and hold onto him there, then cut or thrust in the meantime, nimbly, where you can get him, defend yourself again with the Cross.</p>
| 

|- 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | <p>Item hold you cloak long and when he cuts at you, thus strike with the cape around his blade and spring to him with striking. Thus you yourself will fight.</p>
| class="noline" | 

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = 1570 Rapier
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Portrait 1.png|400px|center]]
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier A.png|400px|center]]
|
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier B.png|400px|center]]
|
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier C.png|400px|center]]
|
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier D.png|400px|center]]
|
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier E.png|400px|center]]
|
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier F.png|400px|center]]
|
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier G.png|400px|center]]
|
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Portrait 2.png|400px|center]]
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier H.png|400px|center]]
|
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier I.png|400px|center]]
|
| 

|- 
| class="noline" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Portrait 3.png|400px|center]]
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = Rostock Rapier
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|-
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Thomas Carrillo]]</p>
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]]{{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>

|-
| 
| <p><br/></p>

<p>If you want to fence with one hand<br/>Know the twelve cuts<br/>the cuts and thrust right deceive<br/>the thrust with cutting right mutate</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|1|lbl=112r}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''12 cuts'''</p>
{|
|- 
| Wrath Cut&emsp; || Waker&emsp; || Anger Cut
|- 
| Constrainer&emsp; || Danger Cut&emsp; || Winker
|- 
| High Cut&emsp; || Low Cut&emsp; || Plunge Cut
|- 
| Middle Cut&emsp; || Change Cut&emsp; || Foot Cut
|}

| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''Wrath Cut'''</p>

<p>What would be aimed at you<br/>The Wrath cut point beaks</p>

<p>1a That is when you stand in the wrath cut and one cuts or thrust to you, then step sideways around his cut, and cut him with the point to the hand.</p>

<p>''handcut''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Who cuts above to you<br/>Threaten him with the zornhauw</p>

<p>2b That is almost the same as the previous, so one has cut from above, then cut with a wrath cut to the strong of his weapon with a step out. At the same time<ref name="indes">indes</ref> thrust over-hand<ref>palm up</ref> to his face. If he wards it, then cut to his foot. This goes for both sides.</p>

<p>''overhang''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|4|lbl=-}}

{{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|1|lbl=112v}}

|-
| 
| <p><br/></p>

<p>3c If he cuts from above<ref>oberhauw</ref> to you, then cut with a wrath cut to the strong of his messer [sic] and step with the right foot to his right side, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind with the haft under on his blade through upwards over his right arm. Draw in the arm with the pomel to your body, fall in with the left hand also on the arm over the joint. Thrust with the left hand away from you and hold his hand with your pommel strong on your body so he must fall or be broken.</p>

<p>''Winding upward''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>4d Item: Approach in left wrath cut, and he cuts a roof cut, then cut towards him from your left side, hard in his strong. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> hang the point to his left shoulder Over-hand; cut directly to the right leg.</p>

<p>''hanging with back of the hand.''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|3|lbl=-}}

{{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|5|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>5e Or allow a thrust to run though an undercut to the right hip. Or parry with a barring zornhauw from above downwards. Immediately<ref name="indes"/> thrust to his face. If he wards it, then cut a middle cut to his stomach and then step and cut long to his right with a step off.</p>

<p>''hip-thrust''</p>
| 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|1|lbl=113r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}}

|-
| 
| <p>6f Item: He cuts a high cut to you, then cut with the zornhauw, going through his strike from your right shoulder. The next to his foot.</p>

<p>''foot cut''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''Waker'''</p>

<p>7g The waker is thus: When you cut to your opponent, a high cut or low cut, then cut onto the strong of his blade, and don’t lift your blade from his weapon, but remain hard on his weapon, and thrust thus in the strike with sinking point to the opening. That’s why the verse says “wake deftly, wind the point to the face”.</p>

<p>''waker''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|4|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| 
{|
|-
| Item wake with the edge, pull quickly with stepping
|- 
| Item wake all encounters, if you want to fool the masters
|}
<p>8h When one shoots the point at your face as before, then slice with your long edge from below and step with the left<ref>‘right’ is originally written, ‘left’ is written above it</ref> foot to his left, and with your right foot behind your left out to the side. At once<ref name="indes"/> wind your hand around so that the long edge is under, the half edge<ref>short edge</ref> above, and your elbow stands upwards, thus thrust under your reversed hand to his stomach.</p>

<p>''reversed thrust''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|5|lbl=-}}

{{section|Page:MS Var.82 113v.png|1|lbl=113v}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''On the wake, from under'''</p>

<p>9i When one cuts an undercut from the right onto your sword and winds at the same time<ref name="indes"/> the thrust under to your groin, then cut at the same time as the thrust with a footcut sideways from your left to your right. At the same time,<ref name="indes"/> quickly step to his right, and wind the point to his groin. Thus you do to him what he wanted to do to you. Of course, cut to his right node.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113v.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''Anger cut'''</p>

<p>The anger cut would be namely used to run in to him, break his arm, and throw him, and similar techniques.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113v.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>10k The anger cut is done thus: hold your messer or sword long before yourself, with the point out, and the hilt towards the ground near your forward foot. If one thrusts or cuts to you, then wind the long edge upwards, and parry strongly on his blade, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> change through with the point and thrust to the other side. Or, when you have thus parried, then quickly pull around your head, and cut him to the foot.</p>

<p>''here, one grabs the blade with the left hand''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114r.png|1|lbl=114r}}

|-
| 
| 
{|
|- 
| <br/>
|- 
| <br/>
|}
<p>11l Item: Lay on him angrily, and he cuts or thrusts with rage onto you, then go onto his blade with strength. At the same time,<ref name="indes"/> grab behind his hand with your left, reversed, hand. Jerk his right to yourself, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> quickly drive your haft up, over his arm. Push him, and at the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind his elbow out back by his head. Throw him from you, and cut him to the neck. If he pulls out a dagger, then let go of his right hand, spring well towards his right side, stab him to the hip, with reversed hand, as with play 8h.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114r.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>12m Item: if one runs to you with a high cut or or thrust, then parry with the anger cut quickly under his sword, spring to him with your right behind his right. At the same time,<ref name="indes"/> catch his right hand with your left reversed hand, torque it upwards, over his right shoulder, and at the same time as all this, drive in with the pommel into his face, throw him thus. But if he grabs his dagger, then cut him with the long edge to the hand. Push from you, so he must fall.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|1|lbl=114v}}

|-
| 
| <p>13n Item: You have parried him with the anger cut as before, then grab his hand as before, and torque it up, and jerk it towards you so he can’t do anything. push your pommel strong on his joint, from below, so he wavers. Jerk his elbow strongly to your right; thus you break his arm.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>14o Item: Lay on him angrily, and if one cuts from above to you, or thrusts from above, then wind your hand and parry with straight long edge, so that your point hangs toward his left. Then wind from below up over his right arm by the hand, jerk it onto your breast, and wind your left side onto his right, and fall with the left arm, thus he must break.</p>

<p>''parry over-hand''</p>
| 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|1|lbl=115r|p=1}}

{{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|4|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''Constrainer cut'''</p>

<p>Constrainer is twofold: One, when your opponent uses a short sword<ref>“Degen”, lit. dagger, could either refer to a sword or dagger.</ref> and one with rapier.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>But being both constrainers are bundled here, I want to report to you that not much of either will be here. The constrainer in the rapier is thus: Stand with your right foot forward, your sword to your left side, the half edge<ref>short edge</ref> against you.</p>

<p>''Constrainer''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|3|lbl=-}}

{{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|5|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>The other with the short weapon is thus: stand with your left foot forward, hold your weapon before you, the long edge towards your opponent. The point towards the earth in front of your left foot. Both are useful for breaking the other constrainer.</p>

<p>''The other constrainer''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|4|lbl=-}}

{{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|6|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| 
{|
|- 
| Constrain to the right, thrust left you will fence
|- 
| get through from the right, bring behind with the middle cut
|- 
| Constrainer breaks what the buffalo thrusts or hits (or, hits or thrusts)
|}
<p>15p If you stand in the constrainer and one thrusts or hits you you, then cut it away from you, with the long edge from your left through to behind your right, and around your head. The second to his foot. Spring with the left well around his right.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|7|lbl=-}}

{{section|Page:MS Var.82 115v.png|1|lbl=115v}}

|-
| 
| <p>16q Thus you lie in constrainer, and he thrusts to you, thus parry his thrust up, with the long edge from your breast, step at the same time<ref name="indes"/> with your left foot well around, or to his right. Meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind your blade upwards over his from below, with the point to his groin.</p>

<p>''groin thrust''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115v.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>17r Constrainer. If one cuts or thrusts to you, then, with a step with your left foot to his right, cut from above down onto his blade, and hold it as you would with the waker, and thrust your point at the same time on his blade. This he must ward, and cut upwards. Thus he leaves his lower opening clear, and you win a full, nasty, blow to him. Do it well, so your middle cut comes through his stomach.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115v.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''Danger cut'''</p>
{|
|- 
| dangercut with his cut/ wait for his shoulder and breast 
|- 
| dangercut, show a change through meanwhile 
|}
<p>'''waker'''</p>

<p>18s Item: Stand with your right foot forward, hold your sword on your left side. Middle cut to your opponent almost like with the constrainer. At the same time, step with your left around his right. Meanwhile,<ref name="indes"/> cast the half edge<ref name="indes"/> with the point into his face, over his right arm. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind around and thrust before yourself further into his face. Pull around your head with a cut or thrust below to the nearest opening.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|1|lbl=116r}}

{{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>19t Item: Cast the point to his face as mentioned before. Meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind your blade around and let the point change from above his right arm to below and thrust long under his sword to his stomach.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Item: Cast the blade to his face as before with the half edge well through, let it hang over his right arm. Meanwhile,<ref name="indes"/> quickly raise around your head and cut him to the right hip, or foot, step with the left foot well around his right. Thus the play goes well.</p>

<p>''hip thrust''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|4|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>20v Do the danger cut also from the right side. In the approach, spring with your right to his left, cast or hit him with the half edge towards his left through his face. Meanwhile,<ref name="indes"/> quickly raise your hilt upwards, pull around your head and cut him through to the left side, the next to the right through the cross, and step with the left foot well to his right.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 116v.png|1|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116v.png|2|lbl=116v|p=1}}

{{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|6|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''Wincker'''</p>

<p>You should shoot the winker<br/>and wake the masters with it<br/>In two ways learn the wincker<br/>to the left and to the right<br/>winck left and hit him<br/>cut right long, and you will confuse him<br/>if you want to deceive the masters<br/>you should enjoy the wincker<br/>what comes crooked or poorly<br/>the wecker straightens</p>

<p>Wincker is nothing other than to threaten and then thrust elsewhere or else with cuts.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116v.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>21x Item: In the approach, step and threaten him with an earnest thrust to his left shoulder, quickly pull towards yourself and thrust him to the lower right opening. This goes for both sides.</p>

<p>''a deception''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|1|lbl=117r}}

|-
| 
| <p>22y Item: Step and threaten a high cut to his face, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind and cut quickly to his left foot.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| 
{| 
|- 
| Pull the encounters you will fool the masters
|- 
| if he will bind to you pull quickly, thus you will find him
|}
<p>''Foot cut''</p>

<p>23z Item: If he gathers for a strike from the roof or otherwise, and you meet him, and he will bind to you, then pull quickly, and change through to the other side.</p>

<p>''change through''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''High Cut'''</p>

<p>The high cut is the scalper, the driving is also done from it, also many techniques are ended with it.</p>

<p>''High cut''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|4|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Item: Cut a high cut to loosen him[?] but don’t let it hit, pull around and stab him in the groin from below. Raise your hilt back up, and step and cut to his right.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|5|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''High Thrust'''</p>

<p>Spring and thrust a high thrust from above long into his face, meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind around with the haft towards his right, and cut him to the foot.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|1|lbl=117v}}

|-
| 
| <p>Item: Thrust as before to his face, pull back towards yourself and cut through with a middle cut as broken down in technique 6, strike away with the long edge from your left side, and step and thrust to the nearest opening.</p>

<p>''Pulling''</p>

<p>''setting aside''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''Under cut'''</p>

<p>''Under cut''</p>

<p>Item: cut an undercut from your left side hard towards his right. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> step with your left to his right, wind your haft downwards, and stab him to the stomach.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Item: Do an undercut from your right, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> step, wind the thrust under his to his stomach, step well with your right around his left, menwhile,<ref name="indes"/> raise your hilt upwards, cut to his arm. If he parries that pull through, thrust to his other opening.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|4|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Item: cut two undercuts one into the other along with their steps, thrust to the nearest opening.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|1|lbl=118r}}

|-
| 
| <p>Item: Do the two undercuts as before, and thrust to him from below to his groin. This goes for both sides.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Item: when one cuts at you from below, then fall onto it with the long edge. As soon as you go onto him, travel after him with a thrust.</p>

<p>''Traveling after''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Item: Position yourself as you would the waker, thrust the point into his face.</p>

<p>''Wake''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|4|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''Plunge cut'''</p>

<p>Item: Thus you will go to him with the plunge cut: Thrust over hand, into his face, and cut him to his right leg. This goes for both sides.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|5|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Item: Approach into the plunge to him and thrust long to his face. Pull the thrust back toward yourself and cut a middlecut directly through his stomach and winck meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> with the half edge to his left, and cut long to his right.</p>

<p>''pulling''</p>

<p>''middle cut''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|6|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>When one thus thrusts above to you, and will then middlecut through to you, then parry the thrust with the angercut, then middlecut.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|7|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Bar him so that he can’t come through with the long edge. Do this for cuts and thrusts from above[?], then cut to the next opportunity.</p>

<p>''Barring with the foot cut''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|1|lbl=118v}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''Middle cut'''</p>

<p>Middlecut goes to the fencer with the greatest reach of the arm. Thus you should cut through with the middle cut to your opponent’s body.</p>

<p>''Middle cut''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Item: Thrust to him strongly to the face, so that he must parry upwards, cut him right away with the middle cut. The middlecut goes with almost all thrust. Without it, it would be difficult to make any plays.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''Change Cut'''</p>

<p>The change is done thus: Stand with the right foot forward, your weapon near you to the left side, with the point to the earth, the half edge up. If one cuts or thrusts to you, take it away with the half edge, and cut him to the foot.</p>

<p>''change''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|4|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Item: If one thrusts or hits to you, then parry with the long edge, and wind to him with the top of your blade up and over his blade, the point into his face.</p>

<p>''Setting aside''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|5|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Item: Parry as before with the long edge, and cut two undercuts hard into each other. Thrust and cut him from the roof. Or when you have done the undercuts, then straight away cut a middlecut and high cut through the cross.</p>

<p>''double undercut''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|1|lbl=119r}}

|-
| 
| <p>Item: Take away his thrust with the changer, let it travel around your head and threaten a thrust to his right. Don’t let it connect, instead hit him to the left. When one lies in the change before you, then cut from your right shoulder towards his opening. Thwart across onto his sword, so he can’t come to complete parrying. He must leave openings above and below, giving you room to stay and cut. Just take heed of the traveling after.</p>

<p>''Traveling after''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Another; if one lies in the changer, then thrust from your right side from below to his body, thus he must defend or be hit, then he leaves room for you to thrust or cut his lower left opening.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''Footcut'''</p>

<p>Foot cut is a distinguished cut in the Rapier, you do it to your opponent in almost all plays. Seeing that it’s so often repeated, I will briefly show its properties.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|4|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Position yourself in the bastion or Anger cut. If one cuts or thrusts, then parry upwards with the long edge and cut the other to the foot. In sum, if you want to cut to the foot, thus lay on as he does to you, thrust or hit along with his weapon and drive the parrying up high. With that you have room to cut a nasty cut.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119v.png|1|lbl=119v}}

|-
| 
| <p>The foot cut is broken with a simultaneous cut to the foot. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> as it clashes, then wind the point to the body or an opening. Take heed of the slice in the traveling after.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119v.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| 
{|
|- 
| Take heed of the hard slice yet in all dangers
|- 
| in the slice learn the setting aside cuts and thrusts artfully impede
|}
<p>'''A good throw:'''</p>

<p>If one thrusts to you to the right, thus spring well to his right side, and fall with your sword onto his sword by the strong, and catch his right arm with your left hand, hard behind his hand on top. Torque the hand around upwards to his right ear, and grab with the pommel and hand on the elbow, throw him thus from you with the left foot behind his right foot.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119v.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>The first and foremost posture in the Rapier is the long point. It is done thus: stand with the right foot forward, the sword long before you, the point towards the opponent. The long edge below, the half edge above. The point always higher than the hilt.</p>

<p>''Postures in the Rapier''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|1|lbl=120r}}

|-
| 
| <p>Ward away thrusts or blows in the posture thus: If one thrusts over your parrying, then set it aside, if he’s weak, move in to him with the slice off, and meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> seek the opening with the point.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Item: If one thrusts to you under your parrying, then slice it, hand the point to his face, if he wards the point, then pull and thrust and cut him to the hand or arm.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''The second posture, Bastion'''</p>

<p>Stand with the left foot forward, hold the sword long from you with the point toward the earth, so that the half edge stands above. If one cuts or thrust to you, slice it away from both sides.</p>

<p>Item: Step and stab long, will you fight.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|4|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''Ox, the third posture'''</p>

<p>Stand upright with your left side towards your opponent, your feet near one another, hold your sword to your right, the half edge towards your left arm, the point towards your opponent.</p>

<p>A teaching; how one should principally fight from the ox</p>
| 

{{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|1|lbl=120v|p=1}}

|-
| 
| <p>learn winding away, long over-hand you will end cuts and thrust</p>

<p>'''Boar, the fourth posture'''</p>

<p>Stand with the left foot forward, the haft next to your right knee, the point towards the opponent.</p>

<p>Item: A good teaching on fighting from the boar.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Take heed of the before and after<br/>To the shooting through, you should consider<br/>Shooting through, changing, learn<br/>slicing away, pulling, with that you’ll injure.</p>

<p>'''A play with the long point; the first'''</p>

<p>Item: Spring to him, and point your thrust to his face, and quickly thrust to his lower opening. This play is done when one lies with his sword below his belt. But if he lies above his belt with his sword, then thrust to him below and pull quickly to the upper opening, then also cut to his foot.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''A play from the Bastion'''</p>

<p>If he hits or thrusts to you, then displace upwards hard with the long edge. Cut directly up across from below onto his arm or through his body. Thrust to him with a winding thrust to his right lower opening, long from yourself, wind with a step to his right. Pull around your head, and cut him to the right leg with well stretched arm so that he may not reach you, meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> step backwards with your feet together and cut him high to the head.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|1|lbl=121r|p=1}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''A play from the ox'''</p>

<p>When you thrust in ochs, scalp from below with the half edge through his body and face with a step off, cut straight away running to his right side, but don’t let it hit, step with your left around your right. Wind at the same time<ref name="indes"/> and make the undercut a thrust to the right hip. Then the right leg with the undercut.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''Another from the ox'''</p>

<p>Thrust and step with your right foot and with your point long into his face. Meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind toward your left with your haft. Step and cut to his right leg. This goes on both sides.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''A play from the boar'''</p>

<p>The play written after is a breaking of the changer.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|4|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Item: Step and thrust from the board hard from below. Thwart up to his face, this he must parry from below, and open himself, leaving you free to hit his left side or foot. This goes for both sides.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|1|lbl=121v}}

|-
| 
| <p>If you wish to fence with one hand<br/>Know how to break the postures</p>

<p>'''Breaking the long point 1'''</p>

<p>Item: If he lies in the longpoint against you, then approach him in the change, take his sword away the the half edge, your strong on his weak, and cut long to the nearest opening. This goes for both sides.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Item: If one will take away your forward parrying, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> as the blades meet, let your blade run around your head, and cut his right leg; from whichever side he took your blade away, hit him to that side.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''Breaking the bastion'''</p>

<p>If one lays in the bastey, then stand with your left foot forward, hold your sword near your right side, the point towards the earth, away from you. Step and strike to him with the half edge from below, angling upward through his face. Let the thwart run off to the left side; cut to his right knee.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|1|lbl=122r|p=1}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''Breaking the Ox'''</p>

<p>Step and cut from your right side from below his weapon to his left arm, with the weak of your long edge. The other, strike again into his left, stepping more with the tho strikes well around his left side.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>'''Breaking the boar'''</p>

<p>Item: Thrust from your left side in the approach quickly overhand towards his breast, as soon as he will parry, then pull around your head, and cut him to the right arm. In the strike, step well around his right side.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>Mark, this aforewritten breaking of the posture must be done deftly, as soon as you take up a posture to him, he becomes aware of your play. When you don’t hold the ‘before’, then your breaking will not go well, as when you took up a posture.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|4|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| <p>This aforewritten fencing I have drawn from the old verses and taken it together with the sword in one hand, but now I wish to write on the rapier fencing in my own opinion, which befits attribution itself.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122v.png|1|lbl=122v}}

|-
| 
| <p>[???]Though the big and strong people sully you, rethink confrontation, and remember your art besides that despise<br/>their advantage you I pay little attention<br/>then believe me all the time<br/>the presumptuous despiser, he is with uneven swings<br/>therefrom I will say no more<br/>many fine heroes do lament the boxing[???]</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122v.png|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| [[File:MS Var.82 123r.png|400x400px|center]]
| 
| 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 123r.png|1|lbl=123r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|1|lbl=124r|p=1}}

|-
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|4|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124v.png|1|lbl=124v}}

|-
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125r.png|1|lbl=125r|p=1}}

|-
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125r.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125v.png|1|lbl=125v|p=1}}

|-
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125v.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126r.png|1|lbl=126r|p=1}}

|-
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126r.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126v.png|1|lbl=126v|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 127r.png|1|lbl=127r|p=1}}

|}
{{master subsection end}}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Additional cutting diagrams
 | width = 100%
}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = Lund Diagrams
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|-
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>

|- 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 86r.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|86r|jpg|blk=1}}

|- 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 86v.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|86v|jpg|blk=1}}

|- 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 87r.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|87r|jpg|blk=1}}

|- 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 87v.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|87v|jpg|blk=1}}

|- 
| class="noline" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 88r.jpg|400px|center]]
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | {{paget|MS A.4º.2|88r|jpg|blk=1}}

|}
{{master subsection end}}

{{master subsection begin
 | title = Rostock Diagrams
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|-
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]]{{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>

|-
| rowspan="3" | [[File:MS Var.82 001v.png|400px|center]]
| <p>.A. . . . . . face line<br/>.B. . . . . . shoulder line<br/>.C. . . . . . chest line<br/>.D. . . . . . belly line<br/>.E. . . . . . hip line<br/>.F. . . . . . thigh line<br/>.G. . . . . . foot line</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|1|lbl=002r}}

|-
| <p>'''Item'''</p>

<p>.a. . . . . . hand line<br/>
.b. . . . . . arm line<br/>
.c. . . . . . upright side line or the shoulder intersection line<br/>
.d. . . . . . Parting line<br/>
.e. . . . . . upright side or intersection line<br/>
.f. . . . . . arm line<br/>
.g. . . . . . hand line</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| <p>'''Item'''</p>

<p>.&#x0023;. . . . . . hanging or crossing line, give the arms strike</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| rowspan="6" | [[File:MS Var.82 002v.png|400px|center]]
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The First Rule:}}</p>

<p>In all bindings you should keep your blade in the outer circle, on which you should drive on his strike always fairly with yours, so no harm will come to you. Than proceed with his displacing outsind or inside the circle, so you got inside the big circle, or outside the small one a sure opening.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|1|lbl=003r}}

|-
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The Other Rule:}}</p>

<p>As often as you have use in binding with the weapons, you should strike by winding inwards, so strike through the face and against the arm, the bind you should try to get again fast.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|2|lbl=-}}

|-
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The Third Rule:}}</p>

<p>The drawn strikes change around the head, around the leading point, change is dangerous, thus in good behavior strike with good guards.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|3|lbl=-}}

|-
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The 4. Rule:}}</p>

<p>As often you got astray, or you are misled by him, has lost your way, and you may get wounded so, the cuts learn, with “dempfen”, Backstrikes makes you healthy again, that you bring fast at time. If you get driven out of your ring the next line find you previously seek again, with strikes up and down, so that to work you come again.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|4|lbl=-}}

|-
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The 5. Rule:}}</p>

<p>Your work drive to first to the Feeble,<br/>than to the Strength, than to the body.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|5|lbl=-}}

|-
| class="noline" | <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The End.}}</p>

<p>In the Feeble you can force him,<br/>
In the Strength you may rush him twice.<br/>
Between the binding displace well<br/>
and hard work in all engagement<br/>
The “Vor” and “Nach” brings wounding with it<br/>
In all engagements look out for the cut<br/>
In twichting, jerking, use the impact (thrust)<br/>
Stay, Thereafter Riding, finds your opening,<br/>
In “Vor” and “Nach” grab, grasp him well,<br/>
Do you break out well [right], he must let you go.</p>
| class="noline" | 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|6|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Var.82 003v.png|1|lbl=003v|p=1}}

|}
{{master subsection end}}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Dagger
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jon Pellett]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger A.png|400px|center]]
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger B.png|400px|center]]
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger C.png|400px|center]]
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger D.png|400px|center]]
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger E.png|400px|center]]
| 
| 

|- 
| class="noline" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger F.png|400px|center]]
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 

|}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Polearms
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jon Pellett]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The fifth and last part of this book, in which will be taught and briefly handled the fencing of the Staff, the Halberd, and the Long Spear.'''</p>

<p><br/>I have gathered these three weapons together in a figure, while the spear is best arranged, with its length, in the above perspective thus, as in every figure previously shown, noted with a letter, so the diligent reader should not yet leave and want thus the half staff as a foundation of all long weapons the first take for the hand and firstly advise how many the lyings thus how you the same in the work should do rightly, teach and describe.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/396|1|lbl=Ⅲ.16r}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Of the Lyings or Guards.'''</p>

<p>There are five principal lyings, namely the Upper Guard, straight upward before you outstretched and to both sides; the Lower Guard also to both sides; furthermore you thus also have two Near Guards and a Middle Guard; lastly the Tiller Guard.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/396|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Upper Guard'''</p>

<p>Arrange yourself in the Upper Guard like this: stand with the left foot forward and hold your staff with the rear part at your chest, so that the fore end stands straight up toward the sky. You should direct it to both sides in the Work, like you are now doing it straight in front of you. If you shall always stand well with the left foot forward, then you must not have your feet too far apart, so that you could always have a step forward.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/397|1|lbl=Ⅲ.16v}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Lower Guard'''</p>

<p>Do it like this: stand with your left foot forward and hold your staff with the rear part at your flank and with the fore end outstretched in front of you on the ground. When you hold the butt at your right flank like this it is the same, whether you hold or direct the point outstetched to left or right or straight ahead; whichever you may change to, either after his thrust, or after your techniques are performed.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/397|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Near Guard and Middle Guard'''</p>

<p>For these, arrange yourself like this: stand with the right foot forward and hold your staff with the middle part at your left hip, so that the shorter end and the butt point toward your opponent, but the longer end points behind you. Show your right side to him well, as you see in the lower picture in Figure A on the right hand side. The Middle Guard is the straight defence in front of the opponent, from which most fence.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/397|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/399|1|lbl=Ⅲ.17v|p=1}}

|- 
| <p>'''Tiller Guard'''</p>

<p>In this, arrange yourself like this: stand with the left foot forward and hold your staff with the fore end in front of your left foot on the ground, and the butt with outstretched arms in front of your face, all such as you can see in the second picture on the left hand side in the previous picture. You should also do the guard like this: stand with right foot forward and hold your staff behind you, also with the fore end on the ground, so you can strike deftly.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/399|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Of the binds and the defences of the staff; also its parts.'''</p>

<p>The staff is divided into four parts, just as was taught previously of the other weapons. There are also four binds, and the first bind is performed at the fore end or outermost part of the staff; the second in front of the hand which is foremost on the staff; the third in the middle of the staff; the fourth will be performed with the butt end through the entering. You should especially be aware and take care of these parts and binds, because different techniques are appropriate to different parts, namely, in the first part and bind, the blow and flying thrust, in the second, staying in the winding and travelling after, and furthermore in the second entering and wrestling.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/399|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>There are also four principle defences with the staff, like the binds: the first with the fore end of the staff from both sides, the second in front of the hand, the third in the middle, and the fourth is performed with the butt end. The while all such in techniques is enough to understand, is without ?? difficulties ??? to handle.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/400|1|lbl=Ⅲ.18r}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Upper Guard'''</p>

<p>In the approach put yourself in the Upper Guard, and notice as soon as he thrusts toward your left side, then step on your right side away from his thrust, and thrust in at him at the same time he thrusts at you, then wind the long edge against his staff; so he misses with his blow, and you connect with yours.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/400|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>However, if he thrusts toward your right, then step away from his thrust toward your left side, and thrust in with him again the same as before.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/400|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The second piece from the Upper Guard'''</p>

<p>Mark, in the approach place yourself in the Upper Guard. If he thrusts from above or below to the body, then step (when he thrusts to one side of you) away from his thrust to the other side, and strike while stepping out at the same time from above downward on his forward hand, and mark diligently, if he draws back the same, then thrust straight ahead toward his face.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/400|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another, how you should strike him from above down through his staff, and tear out, and strike with one hand.'''</p>

<p>In the approach place yourself in the Upper Guard to the left, that is, so that the fore end or longer part of your staff stands up over your left shoulder, and thus step toward him with your left foot forward; if he thrusts toward your face or chest, then spring well away from his thrust toward his right side, and strike down from above with your staff (which you should be holding fast in both hands) full through on the middle of his staff, so that through this blow you come into the Right Lower Guard; from this (where he would further thrust to your face) tear with the half edge up toward your left shoulder again. While you tear upward like this, give your staff a swing with your left hand, and in this swing let go of the staff with your left hand, and strike with one hand from your right over across toward his temple. The upper blow should quickly happen together with the tear, as soon and while this blow connects, then grip your staff with your left hand again, and bring it back into the straight defence.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/401|1|lbl=Ⅲ.18v}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another.'''</p>

<p>Mark, when you strike from above through his staff like this, and after you have torn up again from below, and your left hand together with the fore end of your staff has come upright again, then at once turn up your right hand together with the butt as well, and ? the same ?, lower the fore end with your left hand near your left out to the side, and turn the forward longer part of the staff again up toward his right. This must all happen in a ?. Thrust as then further with a step out straight toward his face, but be careful that you don't turn your right hand downward again to your chest in thrusting, but rather shift the same also well at your chest and inward at your left arm in thrusting ahead of you in to him. So, from the Upper Guard you have learned: firstly, how you should step out and thrust at the same time at him; secondly, striking at his staff down from above and thrusting afterward; thirdly, how you break down through against his staff from above, and tear up from below; lastly, how you should make a deceptive thrust.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/401|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/402|1|lbl=Ⅲ.19r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''How you should thrust together with him from the Lower Guard.'''</p>

<p>Mark, when you hold your right hand together with the butt of your staff at your right side in the approach, and you have lain your point well ahead of you out on your right side on the ground, observe as soon as he thrusts toward your face, then step step out with your right foot toward your right side, and with your left further toward his left to him; thrust in this way to his face above his left arm while he directs his thrust. You should also duck your head well down toward your right side over your staff while you thrust with him thus, away from his flying thrust, so you are the better defended.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/402|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/403|1|lbl=Ⅲ.19v|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another, how you should strike out his thrust, and thrust afterward.'''</p>

<p>In the approach place yourself again in the Lower Guard as before, with your forward knee bent, so that your upper body is well sunk to your staff, and mark as soon as he thrusts, then strike his staff from your right side toward your left in a jerk out, as far as the straight defence, and before he can recover himself from his thrust, thrust with a spring out toward his face.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/403|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another.'''</p>

<p>Mark, when you fallen into the Left Lower Guard in the approach, and he strikes with one hand from above toward your head, then raise both your arms, and with this spring in well under his stroke, thus parrying his blow with your staff between your hands. As soon as and while the blow lands on your staff, and is still touching, draw the butt toward you with your right hand, letting the point drop downward, direct the same between his hands under his staff to his body, and thus thrust below his staff between his hands in front of his chest. While you are thrusting in like this, turn the butt of your staff together with your right hand down again, and could drive in inside your right arm. After the thrust is performed you should be nimble with the bind again on his staff; therewith you may the better protect yourself from what he does afterward.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/403|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/404|1|lbl=Ⅲ.20r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''How you should yield to his thrust from the Left Lower Guard, and thrust together with him.'''</p>

<p>In the approach, step with your left foot forward, hold the butt of your staff together with your right hand at your right flank, and let the point of your staff lie outstretched in front of you on the ground, a little out to the left side, and mark as soon as your opponent thrusts at you, then step with your right foot behind your left out to the side, a little toward his right side, and as you set down your right foot in stepping behind, step quickly with your left foot also toward his right side further toward him, and thrust over his right arm (while he thrusts) to his face.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/404|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''How you should strike out his thrust from your Left Lower Guard and thrust afterward.'''</p>

<p>Or when you stand in the said way in the Right Lower Guard, then step again as before, while he thrusts, toward his right side away from his thrust, and strike off his staff together with him from your left toward your right, and afterward thrust nimbly again as before (before he can recover) to his face.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/404|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/405|1|lbl=Ⅲ.20v|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''How you should take out from your left upward with the long edge, and thrust again through the Roses from your right side up from below to his face.'''</p>

<p><br/>In the approach place yourself in the Lower Guard to the left as before; if he thrusts at you, then raise both arms, and strike out his thrust upward with the point of your staff from your left toward your right with the long edge, so that your staff in the striking out ends upright, then turn your staff again near your right up from below, and thrust from the same up to his face. </p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/405|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''How you should jerk his staff out and thrust afterward.'''</p>

<p><br/>Mark, when you come in the Lower Guard to someone in the approach, and he won't work after thrusting, then let yourself with gestures mark and behold, as you want to see all first what kind of fencing pieces be, as soon as and while he extends his staff thus from him, then jerk out in an sudden jerk or blow, and thrust nimbly (while his staff lurches away from the thrust) to his face. In this striking out you should diligently take care, that you (in your excitement) don't move your staff too far to the side, but rather strike his (as taught) in a jerk out, so that your staff is straight in front of his face, and thus the thrust is performed before he can recover himself again.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/405|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/406|1|lbl=Ⅲ.21r|p=1}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''How you should fence from the Middle Guard.'''</p>

<p>In the approach place yourself in the Middle Guard, such as is shown in the large picture printed in Figure A on the right hand side, and take care as soon as you can reach him, throw your staff with your right hand overthwart across his face, and in the throw give your staff a strong swing with your left hand, and loose the same from the staff, so that your staff can the swifter fly across his face and around your head; while your staff is thus flying through his face and around your head, step to him with your left foot forward, and grip under your staff again with your left hand, while your staff is still flying through the air, and strike to the other from your left to your right through the face; also against his staff through where he drives before him, this blow should be performed with both hands, so that you end in the Right Lower Guard after the blow. While your staff thus in this blow falls into the Lower Guard, if he would nimbly thrust at your face (which would be left open by this movement), then step with your right foot quickly on your right side, and thrust in with him at the same time also to his face, so that you have turned the rear part of your staff together with the long edge against his, and pulled your head well away over your staff, so you are defended.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/406|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/407|1|lbl=Ⅲ.21v|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Or after you have fallen into the Right Lower Guard after this blow, and he has thrust at the opening offered, then tear out his flying staff upward with the half edge toward your left shoulder; at the same time drive your staff above around your head, and strike him outside over his left arm from your right; you should also drive this blow around with both hands; herein beware that he (while you thus drive your blow around) will thrust to the face; as soon as he does so, move the butt of your staff around lower before your face, and let the blow fly the faster. If he parries your blow with hanging staff, then mark the moment your staff lands on his or misses, then at once turn the butt end upward, and thrust above or below his staff to the body.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/407|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another, how you should invert before him, or give over, take out, and strike after.'''</p>

<p>In the approach place yourself in the said manner in the Middle Guard to the left side, and step with the left foot behind your right toward him, so that in the movement you turn your back to him. While you thus turn in front of him, he will quickly thrust to your face, meaning to overtake you; then in your backward stepping lift both your hands nimbly upward together with the butt of your staff, outstretched toward his left side, so that the point hangs toward the ground, and as you turn strike his oncoming thrust with your hanging staff from your right out toward your left side, and let the same move through a full swing around your head. While it thus moves through the swing, let go with your left hand (after you have given the staff a strong swing with the same) and strike with one hand a strong swift stroke to his left ear. This is a swift piece which goes well in the first attack; if you provoke his thrust with your turn, then you take his staff out in the time of the turn, and surely hit him, if he has thrust in earnest.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/407|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/409|1|lbl=Ⅲ.22v|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The techniques learned up to now from the side lyings, I wanted to first set down, since you were to arrive in the same through striking aback, thrusting away, or fending off, so the more smoothly you know how to recover again, also the better you know how to do the techniques that follow; the same with these long weapons as with the weapons previously handled; in full fencing always from one into another, in which you need not first long consider what you are to do, but rather press on with the next technique.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/409|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff B.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Now in the straight defence as I have named it here, position yourself in the approach as shown by the pair in the previous figure.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/409|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| <p>'''The first technique in the outermost bind.'''</p>

<p>When you bind with the outermost part of your staff on the outermost part of his, then press the same in a sudden strong jerk out to the side, such that yours does not move after the pressing out, but rather thrust nimbly off from his staff ahead to his face, and that quickly before he has recovered himself from the pressing out.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/409|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another, how you should move through and thrust on the other side after the jerking out.'''</p>

<p>When you become aware in the pressing out that he is coming on nimbly with his staff, so that you cannot overtake him with the thrust you were taught, then do this: Jerk his staff again on one side as before, and let yourself seem as if you want to thrust as before, but as soon as and while he speeds his staff again toward yours, meaning to parry your thrust, then meanwhile go through under his staff, and with a spring out thrust to his face with great speed and force. This is a swift passage, when you thus unexpectedly jerk someone's staff out, and nimbly go through under, and thrust in on the other side.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/410|1|lbl=Ⅲ.23r}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another, how you should press out his staff and strike to his forward leg.'''</p>

<p>In the approach bind from your left hand side, with the outermost part of your staff on the outermost of his, and press his out with a sudden jerk toward his left side, and draw your staff nimbly back again, toward your left around your head. Let go of the staff with your left hand, and strike with one hand strongly from your right overthwart, with a wide step of your right foot through his feet; grip your staff again with your left hand while the same is thus moving through in the stroke, and then strike the other with both hands through to his right shoulder, so that you end in the Right Lower Guard; from this thrust to his face after the manner described above.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/410|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/411|1|lbl=Ⅲ.23v|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Or when you thus strike through overthwart to his forward leg, then look that you grip your staff again on your left side with your left hand; as soon as you have gripped it, draw the butt back to your right at your chest, and move the left well along the staff with outstretched arm; while you draw your hands apart thus on the staff, turn the staff toward his, and strike out the same (while he thrusts), so that you strongly and forcefully come again into the straight defence with left arm stretched far out, and then thrust nimbly straight ahead to his face.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/411|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A piece, how you should make the Brain Blow.'''</p>

<p>Do it like this: in the approach bind the tip of your staff with the tip of his; let yourself seem as if you are earnestly looking where or how you want to thrust to his face. As soon as he notices, he will diligently take care on your leaving the bind, that he could nimbly thrust while you leave. When you place yourself earnestly, like you want to thrust, then quickly jerk the butt of your staff upward, and swing the staff back with your left hand toward your left around your head, and thus unexpectedly strike straight from above to his head, and if he would yet thrust under this, then the same does not serve, for then you are too swift with the blow to his head. This and the like pieces have the more part in the Practice, namely that you outrace your opponent with unexpected speed, when he makes the slightest mistake.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/411|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/412|1|lbl=Ⅲ.24r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another, with the skewed stroke.'''</p>

<p>Mark, when you have bound your opponent as taught above, then surreptitiously invert your right hand on your staff, and deceive him meanwhile by appearance, so that he doesn't notice what you are doing, and when he makes the slightest mistake, then step toward him quickly with the right foot, and strike a swift and powerful stroke over the hand, straight from above to his head, so that your upper body is sunk well down after the blow, then nimbly move your staff up again, and at the same time step back again with the right foot, and grab your staff with your left hand again, so that you can strongly defend yourself again. You can move to this skewed stroke as you do the aforesaid brain blow, namely when you first jerk out his staff, or else when you can hinder him with some other technique, so that you can hit him with the skewed stroke before he can come up again.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/412|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff C.jpg|400px|center]]
| rowspan="2" | <p>'''How you should strike around from his staff and shoot over.'''</p>

<p>Further, when you can reach the tip of his staff with the tip of yours, and he is hard on your staff, the be aware as soon as he wants to press you out to the side with force, then draw back your staff nimbly (while he is pressing out) around your head with both hands, and strike outside over his left arm to his head with a step out. As soon as this blow connects, quickly shift your staff over his near his hands, as you can see shown hereafter in Figure G; when you have thus found and barred his staff, then you may go in and thrust with the butt of your staff, or strike in front of his face with the longer part; if he moves his point up, and works it out under your staff, then follow after from below with thrusting, winding, or pressing.</p>
| rowspan="2" | 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/412|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/414|1|lbl=Ⅲ.25r|p=1}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff G.jpg|400px|center]]

|- 
| 
| <p>'''How you should go through him.'''</p>

<p>Mark, if your opponent is hard on your staff in the bind, and presses away from him, then go under through, and thrust on the other side. Or while he thus presses out your staff with his hard bind, again go hard on his staff (while he is still pressing) through under, and jerk him out with a ? blow from the other side, and thrust nimbly before he has recovered.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/414|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another.'''</p>

<p>If someone binds hard on your staff, then hold hard against him with your bind; if he also presses against yours, then quickly go through below, and act as if you want to thrust, but don't; rather draw through below again, and thrust to the side which you were originally bound on.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/414|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''How you should learn missing in the bind.'''</p>

<p>Mark diligently, when you have bound with someone from your left side, then diligently observe and feel just as soon as he leaves the bind, to go through below or to work otherwise, then thrust while he is thus leaving, straight ahead to his face.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/415|1|lbl=Ⅲ.25v}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another is a counter to the former.'''</p>

<p>When you become aware in the bind, that your opponent is watching for your leaving, and wants to thrust to the opening while you are leaving, then let yourself seem by your appearance as if you earnestly want to move away from his staff and thrust, and when you think that he is ready to thrust, then move off his staff to the side, as if you wanted to thrust as said, but don't; rather, while he rushes in with his thrust, strike it up out to the side, and thrust in as first ?, then when he rushes in, you can easily take his staff out, and overtake him well before he can recover himself again.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/415|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Thus you should mark and be aware of what your opponent wants to fence and drive to you, so that you catch him just in his own technique, as next herefore at this one then inclined true soon after to thrust [???]. Then you must expose yourself cautiously and warily to the same, and place yourself in such a way with the appearance, as resist befalling the approximate and ignorant [???], or you have wasted your ? thrust after with reluctance, so that through this he will be all the more incited to thrust, with which thrust or blow he fails and exposes himself, as close that he so agile hardly against comes up and may recover himself [???], before then you have overtaken him. This will be expanded on further on by example in the halberd.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/415|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/416|1|lbl=Ⅲ.26r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A deceptive piece.'''</p>

<p>When you have bound with someone in the approach, and neither of you will leave the other's staff, then thrust to his leading foot with a serious appearance, exposing your face, to which he will nimbly thrust, then step out to the side with your lead foot, followed by the right, and thrust under his staff from below (while the same flies in the thrust) to his face, and pull your head well away from his thrust behind your staff, so you hit him (while he is thrusting) in the face. Or when you thrust or strike to his foot, and meanwhile he thrusts to your face, then strike out his flying thrust, and at the same time spring out to the side away from his thrust, and thrust quickly and nimbly.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/416|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''How you should thrust with one hand out over his left arm to his face, wind through with the butt end of your staff, and strike to the right shoulder.'''</p>

<p>If you have bound someone ahead from your left against his right, but he stays still and does not work, then step with your rear right foot to your right side, and go with your point hard on his staff through below, and thrust nimbly and unexpectedly from your right over his left arm to his face. In thrusting, let go of your staff with your left hand, and give the right side the thrust, so that you reach in the further. In this thrust turn up your right hand together with the butt of your staff toward your left side, and draw your staff around your head, and in this drawing around spring in nimbly on your left side. Strike thus wickedly to his right shoulder. This blow together with the thrust should be done nimbly one after another and together. Then spring back, so that you may be sure to catch and grip your staff again.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/416|3|lbl=Ⅲ.26r|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/417|1|lbl=Ⅲ.26v|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another, how you should wind through with the thrust.'''</p>

<p>Do it like this: if you find yourself in the straight defence in the approach, then thrust straight from your right to his left hand, that he has placed forward on his staff; but in the beginning, let yourself seem by your appearance as if you wanted to thrust to his face. When you come near his hand with your point, go through below his staff and step with your left foot well out to his right side, and take your head well aside with you, and turn your point thus in thrusting through outside over his right arm to the face - turn your open right hand well upward, inside your left arm, so the thrust goes the deeper.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/417|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff E.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''A swift and artful thrust against one who does not work, but rather lies strongly in the defence.'''</p>

<p><br/>Mark, when you find your opponent in the straight defence in the approach, then place yourself thus also, and let yourself seem by your appearance, as if you wanted first wanted to see how you should fence; when he makes the slightest mistake, step quickly with your right foot out to his left side, and thrust over his left hand (which he has put forward on the staff) straight to his chest, not touching his staff with yours. In this thrust move your right hand well toward your left arm, and on the same inside, and turn your open left hand around upward, so the thrust goes the deeper, and hit surely, as you see set out in the picture on the left side in Figure E.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/417|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/418|1|lbl=Ⅲ.27r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another: how you thrust upward through his face.'''</p>

<p><br/>If your opponent presses on you in the bind, then stay hard on his staff with yours; as soon as he comes so close, that the staves touch together with the beginning of the second parts, then stay below with the hard bind on his staff, and push the butt end forward with your right hand, so that your tip points toward his right shoulder, then step well out to his left side with your right foot, and thrust with your staff (still staying hard on his staff) to his right shoulder. In thrusting, turn your right hand with the butt end around toward you again, toward your chest, so that your finger is at your chest and your open hand is above. While you thus thrust, staying hard on his staff, to his right shoulder, and in thrusting turn the butt of your staff toward you again, move your thrust upward, and hit him in the face; he must direct and perform the work very nimbly and strongly.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/418|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>At the same time as you make this thrust, lift your staff with both hands, and strike nimbly from above down to his face, and in this blow spring further toward his left side with your right foot.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/419|1|lbl=Ⅲ.27v}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another: how you should thrust a miss hard on his staff in front of him, and strike afterward long.'''</p>

<p>In the approach don't come too near to your opponent, and mark while he doesn't want to work, then thrust to his right side hard on his staff; as soon as he notices the thrust and repels it to his right, let your staff run off near his right side, and draw it around your head with your right hand, and strike a swift stroke with one hand to his left ear.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/419|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff D.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''A good stroke in the going over.'''</p>

<p>Do it like this: in the approach, as soon as you can reach the tip of his staff with the tip of yours, hold your point straight in front of his face, and turn yourself well on your right side, so that you turn your back to him, and while you turn your back, step with your right foot behind your left toward him, turning completely around on your right with this step, and strike with one hand, that is, around with your right hand, straight down to his head. This blow works very well when you do it right; if he thrusts at you while you are turning, he cannot reach you, because you were bound on his tip, and if he can reach you, to touch your exposed back, you surely hit him when he thrusts; the stroke runs so swiftly, that he cannot deliver any thrust before the same. You may also direct the stroke across from the middle in this turn.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/419|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/421|1|lbl=Ⅲ.28v|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another, with a Middle Blow.'''</p>

<p>When you can reach his staff with the tip of yours in the approach, then draw your staff around your head, and strike across with one hand from your right to his left ear. In this stroke step with your right foot toward his left side, and as your stroke connects, grip with your left hand hard on your staff again in front of your right, and pull your right hand and staff to your chest. While you thus pull your staff toward you, move your left hand along the staff, until your arm is lies outstretched widely on the staff, and thus the left hand (as a shield) moves on the staff in front of your face.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/421|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The withdrawn thrust.'''</p>

<p>When you have bound your opponent, or stand before him in the defence, and he doesn't want to work, then thrust earnestly to his face, and look under it diligently; then he is ready to parry and bear off your thrust, so don't complete it, but rather draw it back again quickly through your left hand, so that you have your left hand fully outstretched in front of your face. As you pull back your staff, place yourself with a serious appearance, as if you want to go through below, and thrust on the other side; as you thus distract with looks, you must masterfully raise your lead foot and set it down again, and as you seem to be thrusting on the other side, while he moves out to the side against your thrust to turn the same aside, thrust straight ahead at the same point, that you originally drew back from. This should be done nimbly, and performed earnestly in all circumstances.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/421|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/422|1|lbl=Ⅲ.29r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>However, when he works before you and would thrust at you, then set aside the thrust with your staff with a jerk, and move the parry nimbly into a thrust, but while your thrust is on its way, pull the same back again, as if you wanted to thrust through below again; then he will want to encounter it quickly, so while he sweeps to the other side, meaning to parry, thrust straight ahead again to where you pulled back from.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/422|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>With these withdrawn thrusts you can break all guards. For example, if you find your opponent in the Left Lower Guard, then thrust straight to his face, and meanwhile observe if he starts to strike into your thrust with his staff, then suddenly draw it back toward you a little, and nimbly go through below, and thrust him on his left side (while he is moving his staff upward) over his left arm to the face; but if he moves toward your staff, go through below again, and do so until you see your opportunity to reach an opening.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/422|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff D.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Winding.'''</p>

<p>If your opponent binds hard on your staff from his left side against your right, and presses hard towards you in the straight defence, so that you may not depart from his staff with any technique, then stay hard with the bind in front of his hand on the staff; press with the point toward his face, so that he is compelled to move up. As soon as he has raised his staff a little, stay with your point on his continually, and wind the butt end over nimbly from your right to his left above his, press it down, and strike him on the head with the fore end (so that your left hand comes over your right), as is shown in the middle of Figure D.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/423|1|lbl=Ⅲ.29v}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another.'''</p>

<p>In the approach bind strongly from your right against his left on his staff, and work with the point again toward his face, so that he is compelled to raise his staff; as soon as and while he is still raising his staff, bend down, and spring toward him under his staff with your right foot, staying throughout continually with your point on his staff, and in this spring go through under his with the butt of your staff, and turn the same over his staff on his right side, so the point comes after, with which strike him on the head, or press down with the butt of your staff (while you have wound over), and tear out with the same, and thrust with the point to his face; but if he presses upward so strongly, that you can't force his staff down with the butt of your own, then wind your point (while you must go up with the butt from the pressing) up from below to his face, near his right arm, while he presses upward. However, if he wants to lift the butt of his staff (while you wind over his staff with the butt of yours) and wind over above, then quickly turn your point from your left against his right over his right arm in around his head, and catch him around the neck with your staff, and jerk him toward you on your left side.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/423|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/424|1|lbl=Ⅲ.30r|p=1}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff F.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Or bind him from your right side against his left, and stay hard with your point on his staff, but turn the butt of your staff in from below between his hand and staff as you step in with your right foot. Tear out upward with it, as shown in the middle of Figure F printed hereafter; then work further with your point.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/424|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff C.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Item: bind him from your left against his right, hard on his staff in front of his hand; stay with the same point hard on his staff, and wind the butt of your staff (with a spring of your right foot) over his staff, and over his right shoulder around his neck. Step further with your right foot behind his left, and throw him over your right leg, as you can see printed in Figure C.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/424|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A staff-taking.'''</p>

<p>It often happens that both staves become bound together in the middle; when this happens, stay on his staff with yours, and let go with your left hand; invert it, grab both staves, and go through below with the butt of your staff. Press upward toward you with your right hand, so he must let go, or fall when you step back with your right foot.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/424|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/425|1|lbl=Ⅲ.30v|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Driving.'''</p>

<p>Fence like this: when you are right foot forward in the approach, with your left hand foremost on the staff, lift up your staff with both hands toward your left shoulder, and thus strike strongly through (with a further step of your left foot) against his right from above to his fingers, ending in Right Lower Guard, with bent body, then tear strongly upward through his staff, ending again in Left Upper Guard. If he thrusts meanwhile, then strike down from above, and tear out up from below. Drive this one stroke strongly into three, four, or five together, until you see your opportunity to thrust.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/425|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A technique from the Driving.'''</p>

<p>In the approach, as soon as you can reach your opponent, drive wickedly from above and below, as taught strongly together; when you have driven one stroke into four, then act as if you want to most earnestly and strongly strike to his right shoulder, but in striking down, move your staff nimbly hard on his staff through below, and step well out to his left side as you go through, and as you do so thrust over his left arm from the other side to his face.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/425|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>In all fencing observe diligently, that you in no way let yourself be provoked or deceived, and don't thrust a lone thrust expecially the forepart in the before, but if you find your opponent in a guard that gives you an opening, then you should not commit to the same thrust, but rather see if you can provoke him with withdrawn thrusts; afterward you may change through. But if he remains too long in his guard aforesaid, then you can suddenly overtake him, when he makes the slightest mistake. But if you have bound, and may not thrust well to some opening (in the before), put in a thrust hard on his staff, and feel precisely in thrusting, whether he wants to take out or strike out your thrust. As soon as you sense this, go through below with your thrust, and help his staff fully to the side, toward which he has struck out, or thrust in on the other side while he is striking out. But if you sense that he wants to thrust at the same time as you do, then don't move your staff, but rather act subtly and secretly or unnoticed, until he makes a full thrust. As soon as he thrusts, then move out his staff in your thrust, and fully put in your upraised thrust. Thus you should not be moving in all techniques, but rather attend to how he approaches, so you can the more smoothly encounter him.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/426|1|lbl=Ⅲ.31r}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another from the going through.'''</p>

<p>Drive again through his staff as before, once, twice, and when he makes the slightest mistake, then fall through below his staff, and quickly tear out his staff downward from your right toward your left, and let your staff go around your head, and strike long with one hand. But before I finish with this weapon, I will also run over and go through the others, because without it these three weapons fence from one ground.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/426|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff E.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/428|1|lbl=Ⅲ.32r}}

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff H.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff I.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff K.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff L.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff M.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| 

|}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Copyright and License Summary
 | width = 100%
}}
For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the [[Talk:{{PAGENAME}}|discussion page]].

<section begin="sourcebox"/>{{sourcebox header}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = Lund Figures
 | authors     = 
 | source link = 
 | source title= [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Wiktenauer]]
 | license     = public domain
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = 1570 Figures
 | authors     = [[Tobias Stimmer]]
 | source link = 
 | source title= Meyer Frei Fechter Guild
 | license     = public domain
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = Rostock Figures
 | authors     = [[Universitätsbibliothek Rostock]]
 | source link = http://purl.uni-rostock.de/rosdok/ppn780606825/phys_0000
 | source title= Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Viewer
 | license     = public domain
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = Translation
 | authors     = [[Mike Rasmusson]]
 | source link = http://www.schielhau.org/Meyer.title.html
 | source title= Schielhau.org
 | license     = GNU
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = Translation
 | authors     = [[Kevin Maurer]]
 | source link = https://sites.google.com/site/jochimmeyer1560/
 | source title= Meyer Frei Fechter Guild
 | license     = copyrighted
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = Translation
 | authors     = [[Jon Pellett]]
 | source link = http://www.angelfire.com/planet/megalophias/Staff_from_Meyer.html
 | source title= Megalophias his Page
 | license     = copyrighted
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]
 | authors     = 
 | source link = 
 | source title= [[Index:Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)]]
 | license     = 
}}{{sourcebox
 | work        = [[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]
 | authors     = 
 | source link = 
 | source title= [[Index:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf|Index:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens]]
 | license     = public domain 0
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]]
 | authors     = Jens P. Kleinau
 | source link = 
 | source title= [[Index:Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)]]
 | license     = linkware
}}
{{sourcebox footer}}<section end="sourcebox"/>
{{master end}}

== Additional Resources ==

* [[Alex Kiermayer|Kiermayer, Alex]]. ''Joachim Meyers Kunst Des Fechtens. Gründtliche Beschreibung des Fechtens, 1570''. [[Arts of Mars Books]], 2012. ISBN 978-3981162738
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''Joachim Meyer 1600: Transkription des Fechtbuchs 'Gründtliche Beschreibung der freyen Ritterlichen und Adelichen kunst des Fechtens'''. TAT. [[Wolfgang Landwehr]], 2011. ISBN 978-3932077371
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570''. Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]].
** 1st edition. London: Greenhill Books, 2006. ISBN 978-1-85367-643-7
** 1st edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. ISBN 1-4039-7092-0
** 2nd edition. London: Frontline Books, 2014. ISBN 978-1-84832-778-8
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''The Art of Sword Combat: A 1568 German Treatise on Swordmanship''. Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]]. London: Frontline Books, 2016. ISBN 9781473876750

== References ==

{{reflist|2}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Meyer, Joachim}}
{{Liechtenauer tradition}}
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[[Category:Masters]]

[[Category:Translation]]

[[Category:German]]

[[Category:Dagger]]
[[Category:Dussack]]
[[Category:Greatsword]]
[[Category:Longsword]]
[[Category:Pike]]
[[Category:Pole Weapons]]
[[Category:Side Sword]]
[[Category:Staff Weapons]]
[[Category:Sword and Cloak]]
[[Category:Sword and Dagger]]

[[Category:Old format]]